2018年成人高考《英语》真题

Ⅰ.Phonetics(5points)Directions：Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords，therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA，B，CandD.Comparetheunderfinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerII.VocabularyandStructure(15Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Iaskedtwopassers-byhowtogettothenewrailwaystation, ofthemknewit. —Thebosswantstotalktoyou.Heseemsunhappywithyour—Oh,I beintrouble.Ihopehewon'tfireme. D.would mydaughterreachestheageofeighteenshecanapplyfordrivinglicense. I'llconsider Ms.Smithtonight,butIamnotsureifIhavethetime.A.to C.tohave A.was B.is Bobdoesn'tlookhisage.Ithinkhe's A.in C.inhisfortyD.inhisIfeelveryexcited thethoughtofjoiningmyfamilyinaweek. ahotel,welookedforsomewheretohavedinner. B.Havingfound C.Wefinding D.WefoundDespitethesuddenbreakdownoftheGeneral workisgoingonintheA. B. C. D.Atsuchatimeofcrisis,wemusttryto differencesandsticktogether.A.set B.set C.set D.setManygovernmentsarenowtaking toreducesmokinginpublicplaces. Theemployees moreenthusiasticabouttheirworksincetheirpayrose.A.areB.havebeenC.wereD.willChildrendon'tunderstandinitiallywhattheyarereciting,but itwillhaveanimpactontheirthinking.A.casuallyB.especiallyC.regularlyD.graduallyTheuniversityregulationsrequirethatthe atleast90%ofthelectures.A.attendedB.toattendC.wouldattendInOctober2007,theChang'e-1satellitewas atA.launchedB.presentedC.regulatedD.engagedⅢ.Cloze(30points)arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Thedestructionofhabitatsallovertheworldistheprimaryreasonspeciesarebecomingextinct(灭绝)orendangered.Houses，highwaysdams,industrialbuildings，andever-spreadingfarmsnowdominate21formerlyoccupiedbyforests，desertsandwetlands.22thebeginningofEuropeansettlementinAmerica，23over65，000，vanished241985andHabitatdestructioncanbe25oritcanbesubtleoccurringovera26periodoftimewithoutbeing27suchassewagefromcitiesandchemicalrunofffromfarms,canchangethe28andquantityofwaterinstreamsandrivers.To29livinginadelicatelybalancedhabitat,thisdisturbancecanbeas30astheclear-cuttingofa31remaininghabitatsarecarvedintosmallerandsmallerpocketsorislands,remainingspeciesareforcedtoexistinthese32areas,whichcausesfurther infact,theybecome Scientistsbelievethatwhenahabitatiscutby90%,one-halfofitsplants,animalsand insectswillbecomeextinct. B.cities D.pictures B.Before 23.A.forexample B.inaddition C.atlast D.afterall B.beneficialC.interestingD.obvious D.sad27.A.ConstructionB.Pollution C.natureD.quality29.A.peopleB.speciesC.plantsD.insects30.A.effectiveB.smallC.fatalD.surprising31.A.HowB.WhetherC.BeforeD.As32.A.crowdedB.extensiveC.largeD.bare33.A.reformB.destructionC.supportD.discovery34.A.improvementsB.changesC.protectionD.development35.A.evenB.farC.moreD.lessIV.ReadingComprehension(60Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageWomannabbedforaDUIatsamecrashspotWedMay21,2:17AMETwomanhasbeenarrestedaftershecrashedhercarwhiledrivingundertheinfluence(DUI)attheexactsamespotnorthofLakeTahoe.Andtotopitoff,TruckeePolicesaythatinbothcases,herbloodalcoholcontentwasmorethanthreetimesthelegalThepolicesayMelissaDennisonofTruckeecrashedataboutnoononSundayonGlenshireDrivejustsouthoftheGlenshireBridge.Theysayshewasextremelydrunkandhadtroublestandingorwalking.Herbloodalcohollevelinitiallywasmeasuredat346.Thelegallimit.08.SergeantJ.LitchiesaidDennisonalsohadbeenchargedwithaDUIinJanuarywhenshecrashedatthesamespotandregisteredabloodalcohollevelof380.Iffoundguiltyofinexcessof2.000.forDennisoninTruckeeonTuesdaywasnotimmediatelyWhoistheauthoroftheA B.AC.A D.AWhycouldn'tthewomanstandandShehadlosttoomuchShewasShedranktooShehadasuddenWhycouldthewomanbeimprisonedfor10ShewascaughtDUIShehadhercarSherefusedtotakeabloodShedrovewithoutdrivingWhatdoestheword"nabbed"inthetitleA. B. C. D.PassageThereweremanydifferentculturesintheancientworld,butthetwothathadthemostinfluenceonEuropeanandtwoculturesarelumpedtogetherinourminds,asiftheywerereallyexactlyalike.Butthatisnotthecase.InmanytheGreeksandtheRomanscouldnothavebeenmoredifferent.TheGreeksweretrulydemocratic,oftenwithoutasingleleaderbutinsteadgovernedbyagroupofmenchosenbythepeople.TheRomansweresemi-democratic.TheyhadagoverningSenate,butthepoliticalpowerwasmostlyorcompletelyinthehandsofasingleemperor.Bothculturesweregreatbuilders.Buttheconstructioninterestsofthetwocultureswerealsodifferent.TheGreekstendedtobemoreartistic.Theirbuildingswerewellconstructedandtheywereespeciallyinterestedintemples,columns,anddecorativeforms.TheRomans,ontheotherhand,weremoreengineersthanartists.Theyconcentratedtheireffortsonurbanplanning,well-functioningwaterpipes,andthebestroads.Onlyincookingandeatinghabitsarethetwoculturesfreshvegetablesandfruits,healthymeals,holdingatthesametimelongdiscussionsandtastingexcellentwines.Infact,itwouldprobablybefairtosaythattheybothlovedlifeintheirwarm,sea-orientedclimatesandtheybothlivedafulllife.WhatisthefirstparagraphTheGreekandtheRomanwerePeoplemisunderstoodEuropeanGreekcivilizationwasquitedifferentfromRomanEuropeancivilizationinfluencedAmericancivilizationWhichofthefollowingisTheRomanshadmorepoliticalTheRomanshadlesspoliticalfreedomandTheRomanshadmorefreedomtochoosetheirTheRomanshadfewerpeopleelectedintotheWhatweretheGreeksfamousTheoverallplanningofacityoraTheartisticdecorationoftheThepracticalfunctionsoftheThesystemofwatersupplyandHowarethetwoculturesBothlovedtheBothlivedlongBothlovedBothenjoyedtalkingoverPassageAsrecentlyasthreedecadesago,manyAmericansbelievedthatusingcreditwasanunwiseanddangerouswaytopayforwhattheybought.Someeventhoughtthatowingmoneytoastoreoracreditcompanywassomethingtobeashamedof.Goodcitizens,theybelieved,alwaysboughtwhattheywantedwithrealmoneyandtheypaidthefullpriceimmediately. observershavenoted,hasbecomeawayoflifeintheUnitedStates.MoreandmoreAmericansnowaredependingonthosesmallpiecesofplastic,creditcards,topayforlargepurchasessuchastelevisions,recordplayers orfurniture.Manypeopletodaywouldconsideritunusualnottouseacreditcardtopayforacostlyrestaurantdinner,ahotelroomoran trip.AndtherearesomesituationsinwhichAmericansmusthavecreditcards.Iftheywantthetemporaryuseofacar,forexample,theyfirst mustgivethecarrentalcompanythenumberoftheircreditcard.That numberisconsideredaguaranteethattheywillreturnthecarandpayCreditcardsoffertwomajorservicestoAmericans.Firstof theyareeasierandsafertocarrythanlargeamountsofmoney.Second,theypermitpeopletoborrow,tohavetheimmediatepleasureofowningsomething,eveniftheydonothaveenoughmoneytopayforitatthetime.Withcreditcardspeoplepayforgoodsorservicesattheendofeachmonthinsteadofwhentheybuythem.Andwhenthetimedoescometopay,mostcreditcardsofferpeopleachoice.Theycanpayallofwhattheyoweforthemonthortheycanjustpayusuallybetween5and10percentofwhattheyowe.WhatdoAmericansfeelaboutusingcreditcardsaccordingtotheTheyconsideritTheyregarditasaTheythinkitTheyfinditquiteWhydoesthecarrentalcompanyaskforthecreditcardTopreventtheoveruseoftheTomakesurethatthecarwon'tbeTomakesuretheuserreturnthecarandpayforusingToensurethatthecarissafelyandtimelyWhatadvantagecancreditcardholdersTheycanchoosenottopayfortheirTheycaneasilyborrowmoneyatalowerTheycanownsomethingbeforetheyactuallypayforTheycanpayonlyasmallamountofwhattheyWhatisthebesttitlefortheCredit-aWayofLifeinCreditServicesinConvenienceofLivinginHistoryofCreditCardsinPassageAtthe1893ColumbianExposition,aWorldFairheldinChicago,chocolate-makingmachinerymadeinGermanywasdisplayed.ItcaughttheeyeofM.S.Hershey,whosawthepotentialforchocolate.HeinstalledchocolatemachineryinhisfactoryinLancaster,andproducedhisfirstchocolatebarsin1894.OtherAmericansbeganmixinginothermaterialstomakeupnewcandybarsthroughouttheendofthe1890'sandtheearly1900's.ButitwasWorldWarIthatreallybroughtattentiontothecandybar.TheU.S.ArmyQuartermasterCorpsrequestedvariousAmericanchocolatemanufacturerstoprovide20to40poundblocksofchocolatetobeshippedtoquartermasterbases.TheblockswerecutintosmallerdistributedtoAmericansoldiersinEurope.Eventuallythetaskofmakingsmallerpieceswasturnedbacktothemanufacturers.Bytheendofthewarwhenassured.Why?Becausethereturningsoldiershadgrownfondofchocolatecandyandwantedmoreofthesame.Asaresultfromthattimeonandthroughthe1920's,candybarmanufacturersbecameestablishedthroughouttheUnitedStates,andasmanyas40,000differentcandybarsappearedonthescene.industrysoonspreadtotheMidwestbecauseshippingandrawmaterialssuchassugar,cornsyrup,andmilkwereeasilyavailable.Chicagobecametheseatofthecandybarindustryandiseventodayanimportantbase.WhydidM.S.HersheystarttheproductionofchocolateHewasdeeplyimpressedbytheColumbianHerealizedthatitwaspossibleforchocolatetobecomeTherewasnothingtoproduceinhisfactoryinHewasinterestedinthechocolatemachinerydisplayedatthefairWhicheventbroughttheboomingofAmericancandybarTheaddingofnewThedemandinthearmyduringThepurchaseofnewTheappearanceofsmallercandyWhatdoestheunderlinedword"seat"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A. B. C. D.WhatisthispassagemainlyWorldFairheldinChicagoinThepopularityoftheAmericancandybarThecandybarindustryduringWorldThespreadofthecandybarbusinesstothePassageMarkTwainisoneofAmerica'smuch-belovedauthors,creatingimaginativeandhumorousclassicsforchildrenandandThePauper,andAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.Twainpassedawayin1910,leavingbehindatreasureofgreatliterature.Butnow,100yearsafterhisdeath,he'llhaveabrand-newbookontheshelves:athree-volumeautobiography.Twainhasn'tbeenkeepingbusyinhistombitwashiswishthatpublisherswaituntil100yearsafterhisdeathtopublishhismemoirs)whichhespentthelastdecadeofhislifeworkingTheautobiographytotalsmorethan5,000pages,andlikelywon'tbeallsunshineandroses.ItseemsthatTwainharboredsomebitternessagainstformergirlfriendsandex-friends.Healsowritesnegativelyaboutpoliticiansofsuchalongleadtimeforthememoirsbecausehedidn'twanttohurtthefeelingsofanyonementionedinthiswork.publishedtheautobiographyhasneverbeenavailableinfull,andshouldprovidegreatinsightsintothemanbehindtheclassicbooks.ThefirstvolumeofthesetwillbeavailableinNovember,andthetrilogyisbeingpublishedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley."TherearesomanybiographiesofTwain,andmanyofthemHirsttoldTheIndependent."Butbiographerspickandchoosewhatbitstoquote.BypublishingTwain'sbookinfullwehopethatpeoplewillbeabletocometotheirowncompleteconclusionsaboutwhatsortofamanhewas."AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthestatementsisTRUEofMarkTwain?HeleftbehindlotsofHisworkswerewrittenforHisworksarefullofHeisfamousforhisgreatWhatcanwelearnaboutMarkTwain'sautobiographyfromtheIthasbeenpublishedagainstTwain'sItshowsTwain'srespectforItwillbepublishedinIthasbeenrecentlyworkinthreeAnimaginativecollectionofMemoirsoffamousWhatisthepurposeofpublishingTwain'sTosupplementotherTohelpreaderstounderstandMarkTointroduceMarkTwain'sToexposenewdiscoveriesaboutMarkV.DailyConversation(15Directions:PickoutappropriateexpressionsfromtheeightchoicesbelowandcompletethefollowingdialoguesbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.WhenshallwesetWhatisthehaveawonderfulstartbegreatWhatcouldIWhatshouldIwhereMary:HowdoyouliketheideaofhavingapicnicthisSaturday?John:Wonderful.But Mary:WhatabouttheBlueMountainIt'squitecoolthere.John:That'sagoodidea.ShallweinviteMichaelandhisgirlfriendtogowithus?Mary:Sure!Itwould tohavethemwithus.John:Good! Mary:Youcouldbuysomedrinksandsandwiches.Andsomefruit, Mary:Howabout8o'clockinthemorning?Ittakesabouttwohourstogetthere.John:OK.I'llcallMichaelandtellhimaboutourplan.Wesure VI.Writing(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanessayinEnglishin100-120wordsbasedonthefollowinginformation.Remembertowriteit61.你(LiYuan)的同学王晶打算在校内找一份临时工作，给她写一封电子邮件，内容包括:·5~10··【解析】Aɪ，Beɪ，Ceɪ，D读音为eɪ，故A【解析】Aʃn，Bʃn，Cʃn，D读音为ʒn，故D【解析】Aə，Bə，Ce，D音为ə，故C【解析】Ab，BCb，D的读音为b，故B【解析】Au：，Bu：，Cəʊ，D项的读音为u：，故C都”。此处表示两者都不，故选C。少表示原因的连词。becausesincebecauseC。时间。consider后面需要接动名词形式,故选B。【解析】句意:那趟火车应该十一点半到,但是它晚了一个小时。besupposedtodosth.意为应该做某事”,又因为本句时态为一般过去时,故选A。十多岁了。inone'sfortiesD。【解析】句意:一想到一周后就能和家人在一起,我就很激动。beexcitedatsth.意为“对某事感到兴奋”,故选C。语可作伴随状语,用完成时强调“已经找到旅馆”这个结果,故选B。routine意为“常规的，日常的”，routinework故选B。故选C。takesteps意为“采取措施”,故选A。 ”出现在句中时,主句要用完成时,故选B。意为“渐渐地”选D。“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,故选D。定,管理”，engagedA。代替了。landscapescities意为“城市”,mapspictur