Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c课件人教版八年级英语

SectionAGrammarFocus-3cWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougooutwithanyone?No,noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?No,Iboughtnothing.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocus1.你去了什么地方去度假？

___________yougoon________?2.我去了纽约市。

I_________NewYorkCity.3.你和别的什么人一起去的吗？

____________gooutwith_______?vacationWheredidwenttoDidyouanyone认真读并观察Grammarfocus内容，完成下列句子并试着总结一般过去时态的用法。4.不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。

No._________washere.________wason________.5.你买了什么特别的东西了吗？

_____youbuy_______________?6.是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。

Yes,I________________formyfather.7.不，我没有买什么东西。

No,I________________.NooneEveryonevacationanythingspecialDidboughtsomethingboughtnothing8.吃的怎么样？________thefood?9.所有的东西尝起来都很好。

_________________reallygood.10.每个人都玩得很开心吗？

_____________haveagoodtime?11.哦，是的。一切都很棒。

Oh,yes.____________wasexcellent.HowwasEverythingtastedDideveryoneEverythingThesimplepasttense一般过去时1.定义:

1)

表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago...)连用；2)也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语(如often,always…)连用。一般过去时有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。a）时间状语

ago（twohoursago）（一段时间+ago）

yesterday（句子开头或结尾）

thedaybeforeyesterday

lastweek,last(year,night,month…)

具体时间（如Jan.4th）justnowattheageof...onedaylongagoonceuponatime（很久以前）thismorninglonglongago

SentencesIdidmyhomework

yesterday.Iplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Icleanedmyroom

lastweek.Iwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriends

lastweekend.I

wenttothemovies

threedaysago.注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,…”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。

e.g.He

was

here

only

a

few

minutes

ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I

came

home

just

now.我刚回到家。

I

got

up

very

early

this

morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He

was

late

for

school

again

today.今天他又迟到了。a）动词变化规则规则变化:1.直接加ed：

work—workedlook—lookedplay—played

2.

以e结尾的单词，直接加d：

live—livedhope—hopeduse——used3.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：

study——studiedcarry——carried

worry——worried

4.以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：

enjoy——enjoyedplay——played

5.以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：

stop——stoppedplan——planned

规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音读音规则读音例词在浊辅音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/在清辅音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在/t/、/d/后面/id/started['sta:tid]am,is—was

are—werego—went

do—didhave—had

come—cametake—took

say—saideat—ate

see—sawget—got

put—putsleep—sleptgive—gavewrite—wroteread—readb）动词不规则变化/red/buy—bought

sit—satrun—ranswim

—swammake—made

feel—felthear—heard

grow—grewtell—told

know—knewfind—foundbegin—beganbring

—broughtstand—stoodspend—spentcatch—caughtteach—taught动词不规则变化基本结构：

be动词的过去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere单数复数Iwas

wewereyouwere

(一個人)

youwere

(不只一人)shewas

theywerehewasitwas肯定句：主语+was

(were)

+其它.

e.g.I

was

late

yesterday.

昨天我迟到了。

否定句：主语+was

(were)

+not+其它.

e.g.We

weren’t

late

yesterday.

我们昨天没迟到。be

动词的一般过去时态构成：疑问句：Was

(Were)

+主语+其它?

e.g.

Were

you

ill

yesterday?

你昨天病了吗？

肯定回答：

Yes,

I

was.

是的，我病了。

否定句：

No,

I

wasn’t.

不，我没病。

特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词+was

(were)

+主语+其它?

e.g.When

were

you

born?

你是什么时候出生的？A:How

yourvacation,Lin?B:It

prettygood.A:How

thebeaches?B:

They

great.A:How

theweather?B:It

hotandwet.A:How

thepeople?B:They

unfriendly.A:How

thestores?B:

They

expensive.waswaswerewerewaswaswerewerewerewerebe—am/is(was)are(were)be填空肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和

does

的过去式

did。

肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.

e.g.I

went

home

at

nine

o’clock

yesterday.

我昨天九点钟回的家。

否定句：主语+didn’t

+动词原形+其它.

e.g.I

didn’t

go

home

yesterday.

我昨天没回家。实义动词的一般过去时态

疑问句：Did

+主语+动词原形+其它？

e.g.

Did

you

go

home

yesterday?

你昨天回家了吗？肯定回答：Yes,

I

did.

是的，我回了。

否定回答：No,

I

didn’t.

不，我没回家。一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式IworkedDidIworkIdidnotworkHe/She/ItworkedDidhe/she/itworkHe/She/ItdidnotworkWeworkedDidweworkWedidnotworkYouworkedDidyouworkYoudidnotworkTheyworkedDidtheyworkTheydidnotwork动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。易记歌谣Lastsummer,I______tothebeachwithmyparents.Myvacation_____prettygood.I____therebybus_____mybustrip______relaxing.Thebeach______verybeautiful.It_______sunny.I_________beachvolleyballand______swimming.Thepeople______friendlyandthefoodwas________.I__________myvacationverymuchandI_________togothereagain.wentwaswentandwaswaswasweredeliciousenjoyedhopeplayedwentWriteaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.某人某事任何人任何事没有人没有东西每人一切someoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything复合不定代词小结：1.some,any,no,every与-one,-thing，-body可以组成复合不定代词，他们分别是：2.复合不定代词用法(1)some系列的不定代词和some一样主要用于肯

定句；any系列的不定代词和any一样主要用于否

定或疑问句。如：

Thereis___________wrongwithmybike.

我的自行车出毛病了。

Ican’tsee_______intheclassroom.

在教室里我没看见任何人。somethinganyone

不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用some系列的词。eg.Wouldyoulike___________todrink?

你想要一些喝的东西吗？在表达“任何”这一含义的肯定句中也要用any系列的词。eg.Ithink__________candoit.我认为任何人都会做。anyonesomething(2)修饰复合不定代词something,anyone等的adj,adv,todo不定式等要放在不定代词的后面。如：Didyoumeet__________________?

你遇见有趣的人了吗？

Ihave________todotoday.

我今天没什么事可做。

There’s__________________inthenewspapertoday.

今天的报纸里有一些重要的内容。anyoneinterestingnothing

somethingimportant(4)no系列的不定代词可与not...any系列的不定代词替换。

eg.

Iboughtnothing.=I______buy___________.

我什么也没买。didn'tanything(3)这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。

eg.Everyone______onvacationlastweekends.

上周末所有的人都在度假。wasLinda:Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so___________wasreallyinteresting.Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anythingeverything3aanyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothingLinda:Didyougowith__________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy__________foryourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee____________Iliked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo________

interesting?Did________inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.__________wasgreat.anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenooneFillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.anythingeveryoneEverything3bWefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas__________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still__________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!MarknothingnooneDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(writetheclassmates’name)Nooneeatanything

atarestaurant?readanythinginteresting?visitanyoneinyourfamily?buyanything?keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurant...3c2.anyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everything，nothing等复合不定代词的用法。Summary1.一般过去时态的构成、用法，动词过去式的构成规则。1.get—2.say—

3.have—4.be—5.tell—6.think—7.write—8.drive—9.run—10.read—

Ⅰ.写出下列单词的过去式。gotsaidhadwas,weretoldthoughtwrotedroveranreadExercises11.see—12.stand—

13.put—14.eat—

15.buy—16.drink—

17.sleep—18.come—19.play—20.study—

21.listen—

sawstoodputateboughtdranksleptcameplayedstudiedlistenedⅡ.用所给动词的适当形式填空。We______(live)inJapanlastyear.Jack________(stop)thecarlastSunday.Tom_______(clean)hisroomand________(study)fortheChinesetestlastweekend.4.What______you______(do)lastnight?5.OnSundaymorningI_______(play)tennis.livedstoppedcleanedstudieddiddoplayedⅢ.句型转换。

Lucy

did

her

homework

at

home.

（改否定句）

2.He

found

some

me