2023年上半年微生物学（2021生物ISEC）学习通超星期末考试答案章节答案2024年

2023年上半年微生物学（2021生物ISEC）学习通超星期末考试章节答案2024年Whichofthefollowingindustriesarerelatedtomicroorganisms

答案:agricultural;medicine;food;industrialWhichofthefollowingarePasteur'simportantcontributions?

答案:Heinventedtheworld'sfirstrabiesvaccine;Heinventedpasteurization;HerejectedthespontaneousgenerationtheoryWhichofthefollowingisnotofthesametypeastheothers

答案:TheblackdeathWhichofthefollowingisnotinthesamecategoryastheothers?

答案:virusWhichofthefollowingscientistsisthefounderofmicrobiology

答案:PasteurWhichscientistaroundtheworldexaminedthemicroscopicworldindetailwithahomemademicroscope,andheiscreditedasapioneerinmicrobiology

答案:LeeuwenhoekTheunitofmeasureformostbacteriais

答案:umWhichofthefollowingisanoncellularorganism

答案:ThevirusWhichofthefollowingscientistswasthefounderofbacteriology

答案:KochWhichofthefollowingscientistsfirstdiscoveredpenicillin

答案:FlemingWhichofthefollowingbacteriaformsthecolonyofafriedegg

答案:mycoplasma;stableL-formWhatarethetwobodiesofchlamydia?

答案:initialbody;elementorybodyWhatarethethreemyceliaofactinomycetes

答案:Aerialmycelium;spore_bearing

mycelium;substratemyceliumWhatarethehairsonthesurfaceofthebacteriumthathavethefunctionofattachment?

答案:fimbriaWhatdoesanactinomycetesmelllike

答案:ThesmellofearthWhatistheeutrophicationofwaterbodiesthatoccursinfreshwatercalled?

答案:waterbloomsWhatisawall-missingbacteriumdiscoveredbytheBritishscientistLister?

答案:stableL-formWhatisthepathogenthatcausestrachoma(沙眼)?

答案:chlamydiaWhatisthesmallestprokaryotethathasnocellwallandlivesindependentlyandintragellularparasitism?

答案:mycoplasmaWhereistheplacethatcyanobacteriahasnitrogen-fixingactioninsidebody

答案:heterocystWhichofthefollowingisacellulartype?

答案:virusWhichofthefollowing

isdifferentfromothers

答案:E.coliThereisaspecialplasmidinsomeyeastcalled

答案:2umplasmidWhatisthemarkleftonthedaughtercellbyyeastafter

buddingandreproduction

答案:birthscarWhichofthefollowingisnotinthesameclassastheothers

答案:TobaccoMosaicvirusWhichofthefollowing

smelllikethewine?

答案:yeastThereisasubstanceinthecellmembraneofyeastthatisaprecursorofvitaminD.Whatisthatsubstance

答案:ergosterolWhatshapeistheyeast

答案:ellipseWhataretheorganellesthatproduceenergyineukaryoticcells

答案:ThemitochondriaWhatarethepropertiesofviruses?

答案:Extremelysmallinsize;NocellularstructureWhichofthefollowingmightbethehostofthevirus?

答案:animal;plant;bacteria;HumanWhichofthefollowingcomponentsisavirusmadeof?

答案:RNA;protein;DNAWhatwasthefirstvirusdiscovered?

答案:TMVWhatistheunitofmeasureforavirus?

答案:nmWhichofthefollowingisasubvirus（亚病毒）

答案:prionsWhichofthefollowingisnotinthesamecategoryastheothers？

答案:HIVWhatsymmetry（对称体制）doesadenovirus（腺病毒）belongto?

答案:icosahedralsymmetry（二十面对称）Whatisthesymmetricregimeof

TMV?

答案:HelicalsymmetryWhatisanviroidmadeof?

答案:ssRNAWhatistheroleofthesixtailfilaments（尾丝）inthetailofaTevenphage（T偶数噬菌体）?

答案:AdsorbtohostbacteriaInwhatplantwasthefirstviroid（类病毒）discovered?

答案:PotatoWhatisthesymmetry(对称体制)oftheT-evenphage（T偶数噬菌体）ofE.coli?

答案:CompositesymmetricalWhatisthemethodforquantifyingthegrowthcurve（生长曲线）ofvirulentphage?

答案:One-stepgrowthcurveWhatmethodisoftenusedtodeterminephagetiter（效价）?

答案:Doubleplatemethod（双层平板法）Whatarethestepsinthepropagation（繁殖）ofvirulentphages（烈性噬菌体）?

答案:Adsorption;assembly;replication;injection;lysisWhatarethecomponentsoftheT-evenphage（T偶数噬菌体）ofE.coli?

答案:tail;neck;HeadWhatarethethreecategoriesofinsectviruses?

答案:NPV;CPV;GVWhatarethegrowthperiodsoftheone-stepgrowthcurve?

答案:latentphase;plateauphase;risephaseWhichofthefollowingaremicrobialgrowthfactors?

答案:Thebases（碱基）;vitaminWhichofthefollowingdiseasesareassociatedwithprions?

答案:Madcowdisease;Alzheimer'sdisease（老年痴呆病）;kuru（库鲁病）;Sheepitchdisease（羊瘙痒病）Whichofthefollowingarenutrientsofmicroorganisms?

答案:water;nitrogensource;CarbonsourceTakeglucose,forexample.Whichofthesixmicrobialnutrientsdoesglucosebelongto?

答案:Carbonsources,Whichofthefollowingarethetrophictypes（营养类型）ofcyanobacteria（蓝细菌）?

答案:Photoautotrophictype（光能自养）Whatistheessenceofprions（朊病毒）?

答案:AninfectiousproteinfactorThevastmajorityofbacteriaandeukaryoticmicroorganismsinnature,pleasedeterminewhichofthefollowingnutrienttypestheybelongto?

答案:Chemoheterotrophictype（化能异养型）Whichofthefollowingisthetrophictypeofnitrifyingbacteria（硝化细菌）?

答案:Chemoautotrophictype（化能自养型）Prions(朊病毒)werefirstdiscoveredbywhichofthefollowingscientists?

答案:S.B.PrusinerHepatitisDvirus（丁型肝炎病毒）mustlivesymbiosiswith（共生）whichofthefollowingviruses?

答案:HepatitisBvirus（乙）Whatarethetrophictypesofcyanobacteriaandalgae?

答案:LightautotrophicWhatisthemicroorganismthatisnecessarytoregulatemicrobialmetabolismbutcannotbesynthesizeddirectlyfromsimplecarbonandnitrogensources?

答案:GrowthfactorWhichofthefollowingtransportmodesisalongtheconcentrationgradient,doesnotrequireacarrier,doesnotrequireenergy?

答案:simplediffusionWhichofthefollowingtransportmodesrequiresbothcarrierandenergyanddoesnotchangethemolecularstructureofthesolutebeforeandaftertransport?

答案:ActivetransportWhichofthefollowingnutrienttypesdomostmicrobesbelongto?

答案:ChemotrophicheterotrophicWhichofthefollowingisanaerobicbreathing（无氧呼吸）?

答案:Sulfaterespiration;Nitraterespiration;Carbonaterespiration;IronbreathingWhatarethethreeprocessesofbiologicaloxidation?

答案:Hydrogentransfer;Acceptthehydrogen;dehydrogenation（脱氢）Whatarethethreetypesofbiologicaloxidation?

答案:Thefermentation;Aerobicrespiration;AnaerobicrespirationWhichofthefollowingarethepathwaysofsubstratedehydrogenation（底物脱氢）?

答案:ED;TCA;HMP;EMPWhereistherespiratorychainineukaryotes?

答案:onthemitochondrialmembraneInwhichwayispyruvate（丙酮酸）completelyoxidizedtocarbondioxide（二氧化碳）?

答案:TCAWhichofthefollowingprocessesreleasethemostenergy

答案:AerobicrespirationWhichofthefollowingsubstratedehydrogenation（底物脱氢）pathwaysisspecifictomicroorganisms?

答案:EDWhichofthefollowingmicrobesgetstheirenergyfromorganicmatter?

答案:ChemoheterotrophicmicroorganismsWhatarethehydrogenreceptorsforfermentation

答案:Someendogenousintermediates根瘤菌属的细菌的固氮属于以下哪一种？

答案:symbioticnitrogenfixation（共生）Wheredoespeptidoglycansynthesisstart?

答案:cytoplasmInwhichofthetwophotosystemsdoesthereleaseofoxygentakeplace?

答案:PSIIWhataretheprecursorsofpeptidoglycansynthesis?

答案:GlucoseHalophiles（0嗜盐菌）haveanimportantlight-absorbingsubstanceontheirpurplemembranes（紫膜）.Whatisitcalled?

答案:bacteriorhodopsin（细菌视紫红质）Whereisthepeptidoglycanmonomer（肽聚糖单体）synthesized?

答案:cellmembraneWhatarethefollowing6elementsofbiologicalnitrogenfixationreaction?

答案:ATP;Strictanaerobic(厌氧的)microenvironment;Mg2+;N2Whichofthefollowingarecorrectdescriptionsofnitrogenase（固氮酶）?

答案:Nitrogenaseacomplexprotein;Nitrogenasemustbeactiveinastrictlyanaerobic（厌氧）environmentWhichofthefollowingaresecondarymetabolitesofmicroorganisms?

答案:Antibiotics;pigments（色素）Howdoesthenitrogenase（固氮酶）ofcyanobacteria（蓝细菌）provideantioxidantprotection?

答案:Somecyanobacteriaphotosynthesize（光合）duringthedayandfixnitrogenatnight;Somecyanobacteria（蓝细菌）developspecialstructurescalledheterocytosis（异形胞）Whichofthefollowingaresterilizationmeasures?

答案:Dryheatsterilization;WetandheatsterilizationWhichofthefollowingmeasuresaresterilization

measures?

答案:Burntheinoculationring;Wetandheatsterilization;Incineration（焚烧）ofmedicalwasteWhichofthefollowingareantibiotics?

答案:kanamycin（卡那霉素）;streptomycin（链霉素）;chloramphenicol（氯霉素）;PenicillinWhatsubstancedoespasteurization(巴氏消毒法)applyto?

答案:soysauce;Milk;wine;beerWhatmeasurecanthedrinkingwaterdisinfectioninthelifeoftenuse?

答案:BoildisinfectionWhatisthemeasurethatusesstrongphysicalandchemicalfactorstomakeallmicroorganismsinsideandoutsideobjectslosetheirgrowthandreproductionabilityforever?

答案:sterilizationWhatmeasurescanbetakentocompletelyinhibitthegrowthofmildewandrotmicroorganisms（霉腐微生物）byusingsomephysicalandchemicalfactors?

答案:antisepsisWhatisthemeasuretokillonlypartofthepathogenicbacteriaharmfultohumanbodyoranimalsandplantsonthesurfaceorinsideoftheobjectusingmildphysicalandchemicalfactors?

答案:DisinfectionWhatarethetemperatureanddurationofdampheatsterilization?

答案:121℃，15-20minWhichofthesemicrobesproducesthemostantibiotics?

答案:actinomycesWhichofthefollowingplasmidscanbeusedastransgenicvectors?

答案:Ri

plasmid;Ti

plasmidWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutplasmidsiscorrect?

答案:Plasmidsaremostlycircular;Plasmidscandeterminesomegenetictraits;Theplasmidiscapableofindependentreplication;PlasmidsaremostlylocatedoutsidethenucleusWhichofthefollowingmethodsbelongstodisinfection

答案:Ultravioletlampirradiation;75%alcoholwipe;Spray84disinfectantWhatarethethreeexperimentsthatprovethatnucleicacidsarethematerialbasisofallgeneticvariationinlivingorganisms?

答案:typicaltransformationexperiment;reconstituted

plantvirus

experiment;PhageinfectionexperimentWhichofthefollowingplasmidsisassociatedwithresistance?

答案:R

plasmidWhichofthefollowing

sisassociatedwithbacteriocin(细菌素)?

答案:Col

plasmidWhat'stheabbreviationforplasmid?

答案:cccDNAWhatisthesterilizationtemperatureandtimeofmoistheatsterilization?

答案:121℃,15-20minWhichofthefollowingplasmidsisassociatedwithsex?

答案:FplasmidWhichofthefollowingplasmidsisassociatedwithnitrogenfixation?

答案:mega

plasmidWhatarethefourconjugatestrainsofE.coli?

答案:Hfr;F';F+;F-WhatisthephenomenonofcarryingsmallpiecesofDNAfromdonorcellstorecipientcellsviadefectivephagesasvectors?

答案:transductionWhichofthesesitesishometomicrobes?

答案:B、InthesoilWhatisthenamegiventoastrainofthenutrition-deficienttypethatisproducedbyaregressivemutationorrecombination?

答案:prototroph(原养型)Inthestandardofdrinkingwaterthatourcountrysanitarybranchsets,howmanyisEcolinumberin1000ml?

答案:<3Whatisthephenomenonoftherecipientbacteria（受体菌）directlyabsorbingtheDNAfragmentsofthedonorbacteria（供体菌）andacquiringthegenetictraitsofthelatter?

答案:transformation（转化）Whichofthefollowingmicrobesisthemostimportantsourceofhuman-transmitteddisease

答案:IntheairWhatshouldthetotalnumberofbacteriaingooddrinkingwaterbe?

答案:<100个/MLWhatistheoriginalstrainofanymicroorganismisolatedfromnaturebeforeitmutatesintoah