状语从句 课件高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

状语从句adverbialclause状语从句：一、定义二、分类：（一）时间状语从句（...时）

（二）地点状语从句（在...)

（三）原因状语从句（因为...所以）

（四）条件状语从句（如果...)

（五）让步状语从句（虽然...但是）

（六）目的状语从句（为了...）

（七）结果状语从句（所以）

（八）方式状语从句（就好像...）

（九）比较状语从句（比...）状语从句：一、

定义

状语从句是副词性从句，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，担任状语。Iworkedinthecompany.Iworkedinthecompanylastyear.IworkedinthecompanyafterIgraduatedfromPekingUniversity.（一）时间状语从句引导词：when/while/as当...时

as随着，一边...一边

since自从

before在...之前after在...之后till/until直到not...until直到...才

assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantlywhenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...（一）时间状语从句1.引导词：when/while/asWhenIcamein,hewasreading.TherewasaknockatthedoorwhileJimwaslisteningthemusic.Astimegoeson,itisgettingcolderandcolder.

对比从句动词备注when瞬间，延续当...时，有突然的意思

while延续当...时

，有时表示对比as延续随着，一边...一边

（一）时间状语从句2.引导词：since自从，往往对现在产生了影响。（完成时）Hehasstudiedhardsincehecametotheschool.自...以来，已经有多长时间

Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句（一般过去时)Itwas+段时间+since从句（过去完成时)Itis/hasbeentenyearssincetheymeteachother.Itwastenyearssincetheyhadmeteachother.

（一）时间状语从句3.引导词:before在...之前after在...之后IwilldoitbeforeIforgotit.Wewillstartaftertheteachercomes.Itis/willbe+时间段+before从句

还有...久才能

Itistenyearsbeforewemeeteachother.Itwillbetwoweeksbeforewebecomeprofessionalplayers.4.引导词:till/until直到not...until直到...才until，notuntil(主句部分倒装）可位于句首，till不可以

Thestudentsdidontstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.

（一）时间状语从句5.引导词：assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantly

时态：

未发生：主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时

已发生：主句一般将来时，从句现在完成时IwillgivethebooktohimassoonasIseehim.

（一）时间状语从句5.引导词：IwillwritealetterassoonasIgetthere.AssoonasIwentin,mysistercriedoutwithpleasure.Hehadnosoonerreturnedthanheboughtahouse.Nosoonerhadhereturnedthanheboughtahouse.主语+had+nosooner+过去分词...than+主语+一般过去时Nosooner+had+主语+过去分词...than+主语+一般过去时

对比时态位于句首assoonas具体分析陈述语序，不倒装nosooner（主）...than...（从）主句过去完成从句一般过去主句部分倒装hardly(scarcely)...（主）when...（从）（一）时间状语从句6.其他引导词：whenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...

（二）地点状语从句引导词：where/whereverIwilltakeyouwhereverIgo.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Shefoundherlaptopwhereshelostit.（三）原因状语从句引导词：because,since,as,fornowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat1.because直接原因，用于回答why的问句2.since一般表示已知的，显然的原因（既然）3.as附带的原因，重点在主句4.for一般放在后面，对主句进行补充说明Hefeltdisappointedbecausehewasn’tinvitedtotheparty.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordsinthedictionary.Thestorymustbetrue,forIreaditinthenewspaper.

(四)条件状语从句引导词：if如果，unless除非，as/solongas只要，incase万一

onconditionthat,supposing,provide如果，假如1.时态：条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”

主句为一般将来时、祈使句、包含情态动词，从句为一般现在时。Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.Pleasetellmeifyouwanttoleave.Youcangetgreatgradesifyoustudyhard.(四)条件状语从句2.if可能实现

不可能实现：if虚拟语气if从句主句与现在事实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去现实相反if+主语+had过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have过去分词与将来事实相反1.if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)2.if+主语+weretodo3.if+主语+shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形P.S.当虚拟语气中有were/had/should时，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不动）(四)条件状语从句if从句主句与现在事实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去现实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+have过去分词与将来事实相反1.if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)2.if+主语+weretodo3.if+主语+shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIwerethinner,Icouldwearthosejeans.(现在）IfIhadsleptearlier,Iwouldn’thavebeenlate.（过去）IfJimmyarrivedtomorrow,wecouldfinishittogether.（将来）

(四)条件状语从句IfIhadn’tmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavegoneshoppingbymyself.HadInotmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavewentshoppingbymyself.P.S.当虚拟语气中有were/had/should时，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不动）(五)让步状语从句引导词：though/although/as/while虽然,evenif/eventhough即使,nomatter+疑问词=疑问词ever/whether...(ornot)无论...1.though/although虽然:不能与but连用，可与still/yet连用ThoughIbelieveinyou,Istillneedtothinkitcarefully.ThoughIbelieveinyou,butIneedtothinkitcarefully.2.evenif/eventhough即使,evenif往往是假设性的，所以可以用于虚拟语气，与if虚拟语气用法类似。(五)让步状语从句3.as（必）/though部分倒装adj./adv./n./v.+as/though+主语+谓语ThoughIamugly,Iamgentle.uglyas/thoughIam,Iamgentle.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.aChildas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.名词放在as前，不能有冠词Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.

动词放在as前，必须是实义动词(六)目的状语从句引导词：sothat/inorderthat为了，forfearthat/lest/incase以免以防目的状语从句的谓语常含有情态动词may,might,should,could,will,would...为了：sothat（句首/句中）+从句

inorderthat（句中）+从句

Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.

Theyworkedharderthanusualinordertofinishtheworkaheadoftime.to（句首/句中）+动词原形inorderto（句首/句中）+动词原形soasto（句中）

+动词原形(七)结果状语从句引导词：sothat结果，所以so/such...that如此...以至于too...to太...而不能enough...to...足够1.sothat目的状语从句？谓语常含有情态动词

结果状语从句？前常有，Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.Wewilltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjugdeforyourself.(七)结果状语从句2.so/such...that如此...以至于

so+adj./adv.such+(a/an)n.Itissuchawonderfulsongthateveryonelikesit.Itissowonderfulasongthateveryonelikesit.3.too...to太...而不能enough...to...足够Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Tomisn’tenougholdtogotoschool.(八)方式状语从句引导词：as,as...so...,按照，正如by,with，likeasif,asthough好像1.as,as...so...,按照，正如Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.2.asif,asthough好像

陈述事实

不能完成，与事实相反：虚拟语气IfeelasifIhaveafever.(八)方式状语从句2.asif,asthough好像

：虚拟语气Helooksasifhewereabillionaire.(现在）HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.（过去）HestudiesEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUSA.（将来）表示虚拟的时间asif/though方式状语从句现在一般过去时(be动词用were)过去过去完成时（haddone)将来would/might/could+动词原形(九)比较状语从句1.原级比较：as...(adj./adv.)as

thesameas...(n./prep.或相关短语）

和...一样2.比较级+than...比...3.the+比较级,the+比较级

越...越...省略---状语从句中

状语从句中的省略现象非常普遍。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略主语和be动词。①由when,while,as,until,once,before等引导的时间状语从句When(Iwas)young,Ilikedthiscartooncharacterverymuch.小时候我很喜欢这个动画角色Hebumpedintoacarwhilehewasonhiswayhere.他在来这里的路上撞上了一辆汽车(hewas)

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略主语和be动词。②由where,wherever引导的地点状语从句Theytriedtomakeaprofitwhereveritwas

possible.不管哪里有可能赚钱，他们都会去试一下(itwas)

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,

从句中通常省略主语和be动词。③由as,asif,asthough引导的方式状语从句He

stopped

as

if

he

wastoseewhetherhewasfollowed.他停下来似乎想看看自己是不是被跟踪了。As

it

was

expected,

he

lost

his

job.正如所预料的那样,他丢了工作。(hewas)(itwas)

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,

从句中通常省略主语和be动词。④由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句If

itisnecessary,ringmeup.如果有需要的话,请给我打电话。(itis)注意：在含有were,had,should的虚拟条件从句中if

可省略,但需把were,had,should提到句首如果我是一只鸟的话,我将在天空中翱翔。IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.要不是你帮忙的话,我会受很多苦。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.万一它坏掉的话,由我们自己出资修理。Ifitshouldbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.WereI

abird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.Shoulditbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,

从句中通常省略主语和be动词。⑤由though,although,evenif,eventhough等引导的让步状语从句Thoughtheflatisnotlarge,theflatiswellequipped.这个公寓虽然不大,但设施完备。Evenifitwas

notquickenough,thingswerebeginningto

improve.即便不够迅速，但情况正在开始改善。(theflatis)(itwas)⑥由as/so...as，than引导的比较状语从句中有多种成分可以省略。Ihavealwayslivedmoreinthefuturethan(Ihavelived)in

thepresent.我总是生活在对未来的想象中,而不是当下。Freddoesn'tcalculatesoaccuratelyasArthur(does).弗雷德计算得不如阿瑟那么准确。Theywereasanxiousashewas(anxious).他们像他一样焦急。状语从句课堂练习1.Some

people

enjoy

themselves

they

stay.A.which

B.wherever

C.however

D.where2.

you

take

a

taxi,you'll

still

miss

your

train.A.Even

if

B.Even

C.If

D.As

long

as3.They

stayed

away

from

the

window

anyone

should

see

them.A.so

that

B.so

long

as

C.lest

D.provided

that4.Try

she

might,Sue

couldn't

get

the

door

open.A.if

B.when

C.since

D.As5.Aman

escaped

from

prison

last

night.It

wasn't

long

the

guards

discoveredwhat

had

happened.A.until

B.before

C.since

D.whenBACDB6.I

haven't

seen

Ann

for

long

that

I've

forgotten

w