语法复习 情态动词和虚拟语气

高三英语抓专题复习要点回顾与精讲专题12情态动词和虚拟语气【考纲解读】情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系，它们往往放在一起考查。纵观近几年的高考题可以看出，高考对情态动词的考查热点依次是：（1）推测和可能性；（2）“情态动词+havedone”结构表示猜测或表示虚拟语气；（3）shall,should,can,must表示特定语气。尤其是对“情态动词+havedone”结构的考查频率较高。试题的情景设置往往生动、真实，但考查的角度趋于细微化和综合化，有效信息较为隐蔽，这就决定了情态动词题是难题之一。虚拟语气是高考热点，考生需要注意if条件从句中虚拟语气的用法、含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的用法和名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；以及虚拟语气中倒装的出现；虚拟语气用于定语从句等。二【考点联想】三【基础强化】---语境填空：Passage1---用适当的情态动词填空使得短文语意完整通顺（必要处要用否定）。TheKing’sNewClothes皇帝的新装Manyyearsago,therewasakingwholikednewclothesverymuch.Oneday,twostrangerscameandsaid,“We1_______makethemostwonderfulclothesintheworld.”Theytoldthekingtheclothes2._______helphimtotellthewisefromthefoolish.“That’sgreat!”saidtheking.“Iwillbeabletotellwhichofmyministersarestupid.”“Ofcourse!”saidoneofthestrangers.“Infact,thekinginourkingdom3_______dothatyearsago.”“4_______wemaketheclothesinsidethepalace?”oneofthemasked.“Certainly,you5_______,”saidtheking.Sothekinggavethestrangersalotofgoldcoins.Afterafewdays,thekingsenthisoldministertoseethestrangers.“How6______thisbetrue?”Thepoorministeropenedhiseyeswide,forhecouldn’tseeanyclothinthestrangers’room.“AmIfoolish?No,it7________betrue.”Buthesmiled,saying,“Itisreallywonderful.You8______berewarded.”Andhecamebacktotellthekingwhatniceclotheshehad“seen”.Hedarednottellthetruth.“Now,I9_______rulemycountryinanewway.I10_______liketoseetheclothmyself,”thekingsaidtohimself.Sohedid.Thetwomencameovertotheking.“YourMajesty,11_______youpleasetakeoffyourshoessothatwecantakeyourmeasurements?”“OK.You12_______haveexperiencedmuchpain.13_______Icallforsomementohelpyou?”askedtheking.“Noyouneedn’t/don’thaveto.We14_______wantoutsiderstobotherus.”Thegreatmomenthadcomeatlast.Peoplelinedbothsidesofthestreettoseetheking’snewclothes.What15_______theyseeontheking?1.can/areableto2.could/wasableto3.would/wasableto4.Could/Can/May/Might5.can6.can7.can’t8.shall9.should10.would11.will/would/could12.must13.Shall/Can/May14.won’t15.wouldPassage2---根据中文提示及句式结构完成下面短文中的空白部分。Todaymostleaderstravelinbulletproof(防弹的)cars.1_________（如果受到攻击），thesecarswouldbestrongenoughtoprotectthem.Ifyouwereapresident,2_______________（你不会乘敞篷车外出旅行）.It’sdangeroussometimes.ButPresidentJohnF.Kennedy,thethirty-fifthPresidentoftheUnitedStates,likedridinginanopencar.OnNovember22,1963,hewasshotdeadinDallas,Texas,whilehewasridinginanopencar.Manypeoplethinkitwasfoolishofhimtobeinanopencar.Ifhehadnotbeeninanopencar,3__________（他就不会遭到枪击）.4______________（要是坐在封闭的防弹车里）,hewouldnothavebeensobadlywounded.Immediatelyafterhisdeath,aperson,LeeHarveyOswaldwasarrested.Twodayslater,asOswaldwasbeingsenttoaprison,hehimselfwaskilledbyagunmaninthecrowd.Soaninvestigationtookplacetofindoutthetruthbehindthedeaths.ItwasbelievedthatOswald5_____________（一定是）thepersonwhoshotKenndy.However,manytheorieshavebeenmadeaboutwhyhedidit.SomepeoplethinkOswald6___________（或许是）acrazypersonwhothoughthecouldgetattentionbykillingafamousperson.AnothertheorystatesthathemighthavebeenaspyfromRussia.HadOswaldnotbeenkilledbeforebeingsenttoprison,7_____________（许多问题都会迎刃而解的）now.Eventhoughthishappenedmanyyearsago,peoplearestillinterestedintheevent.1.Iftheywereattacked,2.youwouldnotoftentravelinanopencar3.hewouldn’thavebeenshot4.Ifhehadbeeninacoveredbulletproofcar5.musthavebeen6.might/could/mayhavebeen7.manyquestionswouldbeanswered四【真题提能】1.【2012江西】WehaveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon’tbewithusfordinner. A．maynot B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t2.【[2012湖南]Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou. A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had3.【2012重庆】---____youinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?---SorrySir,butit’surgent.A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would4.【2012辽宁】Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentwearschooluniformwhileatschool.A.mightB.couldC.shallD.will5.【2012四川】IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao”justasI____doinChina.A.mustB.mightC.canD.should6.【2012陕西】Ifmaycar_________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer. A.was B.hadbeen C.shouldbe D.wouldbe7.【2012陕西】I______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will8.【2012北京】We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced9.【2012北京】Don’thandlethevaseasifit________madeofsteel.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen10.【2012天津】Wewouldn’thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome. A.didn’toffer B.wouldn’toffer C.hasn’toffered D.hadn’toffered11.【2012全国】Iuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn't C.shouldn'tD.needn't12.【2012山东】Ifwe_______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.A.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade13.【2012福建】Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe________moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visited B.hadvisited C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited14.【2012江苏】Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but _________saywherehewas.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.wouldn't D.mightn't15.【2012安徽】Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe_______there,shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.havingaskedD.Weretolive16.【2011全国】Theyhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should17.【2011全国II】Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may18.【2011北京】——Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?——Don’tworry.Hecome.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot19.【2011北京】——Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.——Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen20.【2011北京】MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying21.【2011天津】I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome22.【2011江苏】——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen23.【2011福建】——ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?——Iamafraidyou_____,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can24.【2011福建】——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended25.【2011四川】Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should26.【2011重庆】——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?——Iwantedto,butmymomsimply_________notletmeoutsolateatnight.A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should27.【2011陕西】I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone28.【2011陕西】——Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?——OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall29.【2011江西】It_______bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t30.【2011江西】We_____John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput31.【2010安徽】Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe_______。A.wasbusy B.isbusy C.hadbeenbusy. D.willbebusy32.【2010湖南】Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow33.【2010山东】I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t34.【2010江苏】Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused35.【2010江苏】—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may【真题答案】1.【答案】B【解析】maynot不可以，needn’t不需要，can't不可能，mustn't绝不可能本句句意为：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，所以我们就不需要买这么多食物。2.【答案】D【解析】从句中用一般过去时表现在的假设。动词的时态条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一般过去式表对现在的假设3.【答案】C【解析】句意：“——你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你不能看到我在打电话吗？——对不起，先生，事情很急。”根据语境结合选项的词义，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。4.【答案】C【解析】Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。这儿是说根据学校规定学生在校时都必须要穿校服。5.【答案】B【解析】句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。6.【答案】B【解析】根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用haddone，选B。7.【答】B【解析】所填情态动词与too构成固定句型can’t/couldn’t…too…，意思是：再……都不为过，选B。8.【答案】C。【考点】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能……。9.【答案】B。【解析】对现在的虚拟用were。10.【答案】D11.【答案】D【解析】此处考查情态动词，needn’t+动词原形表示：没有必要做某事。句意：我没有必要用闹钟唤醒我，因为每天早上6点火车都经过我的房子。12.【答案】D【解析】在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用wouldhavedone的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。13.【答案】D14.【答案】C【解析】mustn’t意为“禁止”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”；wouldn’t意为“不愿意”；mightn’t意为“或许不”。句意为：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根据句意可知，应选C项。15.【答案】D【解析】在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用should，其他人称用would；从句中任何人称都用should,不可用would.此处weretolive用于虚拟语气，表示与将来的事实相反。16.【答案】D【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”willhavedone将来可以完成；canhavedone可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；musthavedone一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；shouldhavedone本来应该做某事，而实际没做。buttheirflightwasdelayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。17.【答案】C【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句pleasegooutside的要求，选C。18.【答案】D【解析】句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的hewasn’tcertain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定mightnot。选D。19.【答案】A【解析】句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。20.【答案】C【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。21【答案】D【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”butIdidn’tknow表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should/would/could/might+havedone表达，故选D。22.【答案】B【解析】句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”willhavedone将来可以完成，musthavedone一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。shouldhavedone本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。mighthavestolen过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。23.【答案】B【解析】句意为“——需要我现