2025届高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习三十九含解析

2025届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（三十九）一：词组梳理完成做某事finishdoingsth.thefirsttocome,thefirsttodo/that…thelasttoleavethenexttodothefirsttime=theminute=themoment=whenfit:尺寸大小合适suit颜色，式样，款式合适match=gowith相配fixone’seyesonsth凝视flight航班float漂移fly飞flow流淌focusattention/mindon集中留意力爱好，喜爱befondof=bekeenon释放某人setsbfreeinfrontof在…前面inthefrontof在…前部Whatfunwhatbadnews/weather得到更多信息getfurtherinformationgnerallyspeaking一般说来上（下）公共汽车geton,getoff上（下）小汽车getinto,getoutof在某方面有天赋haveagiftfor…giveaway赠送,泄漏givein屈服giveup放弃giveout发出（热，气味）力倦神疲，分发giveoff发出（热，气味）stepup增加,加速在…方面不同stickto坚持,坚持干,遵循stimulatedby受┄的刺激(或激励)stirup激起,引起,挑起suchas比方说,例如supportfor对…的支持sureenough果真,果真不出所料takeaway拿走,夺走takeastep实行措施takeadvantageof利用takeaway消耗,清除takecareof照管takefor把┄看作,把┄误以为takein接受,汲取,欺瞒takeon呈现,从事takeover接管taketo起先喜爱,起先从事,起先沉湎于takeupwith起先于，来往takeup专用thanksto由于,幸亏thebulkof…的主要部分,大多数theformer…thelatter…(前者…,后者)to…extent在…范围,到…程度tocautionagainst对…予以警告tocenteraround以……为中心tosomeextent某种程度上,有一点tosuchanextentthat到了程度,以至totheextent到……的程度totheextent到……的程度totheextent到……的程度二：习题训练（A）Asspringarrives,farmersaroundtheworldaremakingdecisionsaboutwhatcropstoplantandhowtomanagethem.IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.IntheU.S.,thepastfiveyearshaveseenaseriesofgoodharvestsforbothcomandsoybean.Abigpartisgeneratedbyeffectivelyusingdatatoproducemorefoodfromthesameamountofland,seedandfertilizer.Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.Datawouldmatterlittleiffarmingwaseasyandthepathstoproductivitywereobvious.Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.Inthissituation,gooddataisnecessary.1．HowhasbigdatabenefitedAmerican'sfarmers?A．Byinformingthefarmerstoplantcropsearlier. B．Byhelpingmakefarmsmoreproductive.C．Byincreasingtheamountoflandforfarming. D．Byproducingmoreseedsandfertilizer.2．Whatdofarmersinpoorcountriesneedtoimprovetheirfarming?A．Farmingskills. B．Technicalguidance.C．Bigdata. D．Farmingmaterials3．WhydoesthewritermentionthecaseofEastAfrica?A．ToshowthatEastAfricareliesheavilyondiaryfarming.B．Toillustratecooperationbetweencountrieswasagreatsuccess.C．Toserveasanexampleofhowdatahelpsfarmersinpoorareas.D．ToprovethatcitypeopleinEastAfricadidn'tlikedrinkingmilk.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Manychangeablefactorshaveinfluenceonfarming.B．EastAfricandairyfarmerswereexperiencedinraisingcows.C．TheAmericanfarmerscan'tdecidewhattheywillplant.D．Thetechnicaladvisorsinpoorareasknowthelocalareaswell.（B）(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda2(shine)object.Yes,therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.Pahlssonscreamed3loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.＂ShethoughtIhadhurt4(I),＂saysPahlsson.Sixteenyears5(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring6(cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater,itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten,eight,andsix—hadpickeditup,butthegirlssaidtheyhadn’t.Pahlssonandherhusband7(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.＂Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain,＂shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot8(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,9itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas10wonder.答案及解析A【答案】BCCA【解析】这是一篇说明文。在美国，农夫通常有大数据帮助他们做出这些确定。这些数据有明显的优势。它们提高了美国农业的生产力。但是在世界上较贫困的地区，农夫却缺乏大数据的支持来改善他们的农业。文章以东非为例，说明白数据可以有效帮助贫困地区的农夫。1．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.可知在美国，农夫通常有大数据帮助他们做出这些确定。这些数据有明显的优势。它们提高了农业的生产力。由此可知，大数据是通过帮助提高农业生产力来使美国农夫受益的。故选B。2．细微环节理解题。依据其次段Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.可知然而，在世界上较贫困的地区，状况却大不相同。很多农夫仅以他们与土地的历史和社区的传统为指导。他们的技能和学问给人留下深刻印象，但他们却苦于缺乏数据。他们依靠政府和学术中心的技术顾问供应建议，而这些顾问往往对当地状况了解甚少。对于种子、化肥和其他在田间运用的材料，他们依靠的是缺乏数据的公司，这些公司不知道他们的产品在当地条件下的表现如何。由此可知，贫困国家的农夫须要大数据来改善他们的农业。故选C。3．推理推断题。依据第三段中About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.可知大约10年前，东非官员及其发展伙伴起先探讨为什么很少有小农户从城市消费者日益增长的需求中获利。对该地区农夫的调查表明，他们很难获得兽医护理和繁殖救济。供应这些服务的努力帮助农夫获得了更多的牛奶。由此可推知，作者提到东非的状况，是为了举例说明数据是如何帮助贫困地区农夫的。故选C。4．细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.可知但事实上，农业是很多因素的困难组合，包括气候、生物、化学、物理、经济和文化——全部这些因素都因地区而异。由此可知，很多可变因素对农业有影响。