2024-2025学年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第05讲必修1Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero练含解析

第05讲必修1Unit5NelsonMandela--amodernhero——练Ⅰ.词义辨析1．Mostdogswillnot________peopleiftheyareleftalone.A．buryB．escapeC．rewardD．attack2．Iftheybreaktheagreement，we’lltake________actionagainstthem.A．legalB．sincereC．equalD．frequent3．Theaimoftheseactivitiesisforpeopletobehappy，sothattherearenomorewarsor________.A．shortcomingB．violenceC．shelterD．disadvantage4．A________willbeofferedforinformationleadingtothearrestofthebankrobber.A．pipeB．voteC．rewardD．fare5．Wewereinvitedtogiveour________abouthowtheworkshouldbedone.A．attitudesB．identitiesC．opinionsD．purposes6．She’salwaysbeen________withmoney.Wheneverweeatout，sheneverpaysabill.A．meanB．generousC．legalD．selfish7．EverybodylikesJackverymuchbecauseheis________ingivinghelp.A．stubbornB．generousC．looseD．reliable8．Allouractivitiestookplaceunderthe________ofanexperiencedteacher.A．stageB．rewardC．titleD．guidance9．Teenagersneedtobe________aboutthedangersofsmoking.A．recognizedB．escapedC．educatedD．rescued10．TheUnitedStatesisnowplayingaleadingroleintheinternational________.A．paceB．trackC．eventD．stage【答案】DABCCABDCDII.短语填空asamatteroffact；introuble；turnto；cometopower；setup；freefrom；believein；stop...from...；findout；blowup1．Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon’tknowwhoto________.2．AfterHitler_____________inGermany，EinsteinwasforcedtogotoAmerica.3．Whenhersonreturned，shewasatlast__________worries.4．Apoliceofficerwaskilledwhenhiscar________.5．Youcan’t__________people________sayingwhattheythink.6．Iknewhimwhenwewereincollege—________________wewereonthesamecourse.7．Nothinggiveshimmorepleasurethanhelpingsomeone__________.8．Thestudentcheatedintheexam，buthewas________soon.9．Youhavegotto___________yourself，oryou’llneversucceed.10．He________hisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.【答案】（1）turnto（2）cametopower（3）freefrom（4）blewup（5）stop...from...（6）asamatteroffact（7）introuble（8）foundout（9）believein（10）setupIII.完成句子1．Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyer_____________(我去向他征求建议)．(advise)towhomIwentforadvice2．ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaught______________________(我可能要坐牢)．(prison)Icouldbeputinprison3．Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheevenings_____________________(那时我们原来应当睡觉)．(asleep)whenweshouldhavebeenasleepIV.仿照造句1．Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.[翻译]最终，这家工厂到了大量生产这种产品的阶段。______________________________________________________Finally，thefactoryreachedastagewheretheproductscouldbemadeinlargeamounts.3．Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.[翻译]直到那个时候，我才有机会去实现我的幻想。______________________________________________OnlythendidIgetachancetoachievemydream.4．SinceIwasbettereducated，Igotajobworkinginanoffice.[翻译]因为我日语懂得不多，所以听不懂她说的话。_____________________________________________________SinceIunderstoodverylittleJapanese，Icouldn’tcatchwhatshesaid.5．Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.[翻译]我初次见到她时，就认为她和善诚恳。_______________________________________________IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.I.名词性从句专练1.（2024·南京市盐城市高三年级第一次模拟）27.Neverturndownajobbecauseyouthinkit’stoosmall.Youdon’tknow_____itcanlead.1.where考查名词性从句。不要因为觉得工作太小就拒绝它，你不知道它能引向何方。know后面接宾语从句，lead是不及物动词，后面不缺成分，故用副词where引导从句，故填where。2.（2024·北京市东城区高三年级期末）TheyhadbookedaweeklongtriptoHawaii.Scotthatedwarmweatherandasked_______hecouldjuststayathisbestfriend’shousesothathecouldsnowboardeveryday.2.if/whether考查宾语从句的连接词。斯科特厌烦温煦的天气，问他是否可以住在他最好的挚友家里，这样他就可以每天玩滑雪板了。if/whether“是否”，引导ask的宾语从句。故填if/whether。3.（2024·北京市石景山区高三英语期末）Ilookedoutthewindowofthebusanddreamedabout________wewoulddowhileonourtrip.3.what考查宾语从句引导词。我望着窗外的公共汽车，幻想着我们在旅途中会做些什么。此处介词about后面是宾语从句，从句谓语动词do是及物动词，缺少宾语，故填what。4.（2024·江苏省南京市六校联合体高三联考）10.Ireallydon’tknow_________shegetsbyonsuchamodestsalary.4.how考查宾语从句。我真不知道她靠这么微薄的工资是怎么生活的。此处是how引导的宾语从句，故填how。5.（2024·天津市第一中学高三上学期第三次月考）3.Saveyourapologyforyoureallymakeeverythingamess.5.when考查宾语从句。把你的致歉留到当你真的把事情搞得一团糟的时候吧。此处是介词for后面when引导的宾语从句。故填when。6.（2024·江苏省五校高三12月联考）8.Thatpreservedhistoricvillageconnectedtodowntownbyahighwayis________manyofficeworkersspendtheirweekends.6.where考查表语从句。那条由高速马路连接市中心的历史悠久的村庄是很多上班族周末的去处。结合句意可知此处是where引导的表语从句，故填where。7.（天津市七校（静海一中，杨村中学，宝坻一中，大港一中等）13.Itisgenerallybelievedthatcommunicationskillsarebecoming________ittakestobeagooddoctor.7.what考查名词性从句的连接词。人们普遍认为，沟通技巧正渐渐成为一名好医生的必备条件。在名词性从句中，that无意义且在从句中不作任何成分。“__ittakestobeagooddoctor”是表语从句，从句中缺少takes的宾语，故填what。8.（2024·天津市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考）23._____weusedtoseeassomethingimpossibleisnowbecomingareality.18.What考查主语从句。我们过去认为不行能的事情现在变成了现实。此处是主语从句做主语，从句中缺少引导词，且谓语动词see缺少宾语，故填What。9.（江苏省扬州中学2025届高三上学期12月月考）23.AllthemistakesIevermadeinmylifewere_______Iwantedtosay“No”andsaid“Yes”.9.when考查表语从句。在我的人生中所犯的全部错误都是当我想要说“不”，却说了“是”。句中when引导表语从句，在句中充当时间状语。故填when。10.（2024·江苏省启东中学高三上学期第一次月考）14.Intheopeningfoursentences,Dudescribed_______thecyclesofnaturehappen—theleavescomebacktothetrees,theflowersbloom,andthegrassgrowstall.10.how考查宾语从句。在开头的四句话中，杜描述了自然的循环是如何发生的——树叶回到树上，花儿绽放，草长得很高。theleavescomebacktothetrees,theflowersbloom,andthegrassgrowstall.是自然循环的过程，表示“如何，怎样”，故填how。II．语法填空（2024·广西高考模拟）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CaoYuan,a22-year-oldChinesedoctoralstudentinphysics,wasontopof1．_______mostimportantscientistsnamedbythejournalNaturein2024for2．________(discover)a“magicangle”ingraphene(石墨烯).Cao’sdiscoverytakesahugestepinthedecades-longsearchforsuperconductors(超导体)intheworld.WhywasCaoabletomakethediscovery?HisteachersthinkitisCao’sindependentlearningabilityandinterestindoingexperiments3．________matter.HishighschoolphysicsteachersaidCaohadastrongabilitytostudyon4．_______(he)ownandwasbravetochallengeteachersandaskdifficultquestions.“Caois5．_______(deep)curiousaboutlaboratoryequipment,”hiscollegeteachertoldNature.“EverytimeIgointoCao’soffice,it’s6．_________ahugemess,withcomputers7．________(pull)apartandpiecesoftelescopealloverhisdesk.”At14he8．__________(admit)intotheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina’sSchooloftheGiftedYoung,aspecialschooltocultivate9．_________(teenager)intoworld-classtalents.ButCaodoesn’tthinkhimselfspecialandoftenstressesthatheisjustanordinarykidwho10．________(love)readingaboutscienceanddoingexperiments.“Afterall,weareallhumans,withshortcomingsandemotions,”heoncesaid.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了22岁的中国物理博士生曹元。1．the考查冠词。22岁的中国物理博士生曹元因发觉石墨烯中的“魔法角”而被《自然》杂志评为2024年最重要的科学家。形容词最高级前用定冠词。故填the。2．discovering/havingdiscovered考查动名词。22岁的中国物理博士生曹元因发觉石墨烯中的“魔法角”而被《自然》杂志评为2024年最重要的科学家。介词for可知后面应当用动名词。故填discovering/havingdiscovered。3．that考查强调句式。他的老师认为，就是曹元的自主学习实力和对试验的爱好起着重要的作用。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，其形式为：Itis(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who(that)......。故填that。4．his考查代词。他的中学物理老师说，曹元有很强的自学实力，敢于挑战老师，提出难题。oneone’sown是固定短语，意思是“独立地；独自地”的意思。故填his。5．deeply考查词形转换。他的高校老师告知《自然》杂志：“曹元对试验室设备很新奇。副词deeply修饰后面的形容词curious。故填deeply。6．in考查介词。每次我走进曹元的办公室，都是一团糟，电脑被拆开，望远镜碎片散落在他的办公桌上。inamess是“凌乱，一团糟”的意思。故填in。7．pulled考查过去分词。每次我走进曹的办公室，都是一团糟，电脑被拆开，望远镜碎片散落在他的办公桌上。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构，computers与pull在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填pulled。8．wasadmitted考查一般过去时的被动语态。14岁考入中国科技高校天才青年学院，特地培育青少年成为世界一流人才的学校。beadmittedto/into是“被录用，被接纳”的意思。故填wasadmitted。9．teenagers考查名词复数。14岁曹元考入中国科技高校天才青年学院，它特地培育青少年成为世界一流人才的学校。teenager为可数名词，培育的是很多的青少年，故填teenagers。10．loves考查主谓一样。但是曹元并不认为自己很特殊，他常常强调自己只是一个一般的孩子，喜爱读科学和做试验。分析句子可知，kid为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且定语从句为一般现在时，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式loves。故填loves。III．(2024·江西新余四中高三月考)Manypeoplethinkofguysasbeingcarefreewhenitcomestotheirappearance．Butinfact,alotofguysspendplentyoftimeinfrontofthemirror．Theycarejustasmuchasgirlsdoabouttheirbodyimage．Bodyimageisaperson'sopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance．__1__Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptitsimperfections．__2__Herearesomeideas．Recognizeyourstrengths．Differentbodytypesaregoodfordifferentthings．Whatdoesyourbodydowell?Maybeyourspeed,strength,orcoordinationmakesyoubetterthanothersatacertainsport．Thatmaybebasketball,tabletennis,mountainbiking,dancing,orevenrunning．Orperhapsyouhavenon-sportsskills,likedrawing,painting,singing,playingamusicalinstrument,writing,oracting．__3__Exerciseregularly．Exercisecanhelpyoulookwellandfeelgoodaboutyourself．Goodphysiques(体形)don'tjusthappen．__4__Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutesto1hourthreedaysaweek．Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits．Respectyourbody．Practicinggoodhabitsregularshowering;takingcareofyourteeth,hair,andskin;wearingcleanclothes,andsoon—canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage．__5__Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare．Yourtalentforcomedy,aquickwit(才智),andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique．Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover．A．Beyourself．B．Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout．C．So,whatcanyoudotodevelopapositivebodyimage?D．Usethisasanopportunitytodiscoverwhatyou'regoodat．E．Thegoodnewsisthatself-imageandbodyimagecanbechanged．F．Theytakehardwork,regularworkouts,andahealthydiet．G．Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook．1．G设空处的下一句说明白观赏自己身体形象的缘由，可推知上一句应是一个承上启下的句子，说明拥有主动的身体形象所表达的意义，故选G(有主动的身体形象观念意味着你能悦纳自己)。2．C空后的意思是：这里有一些想法。所以这里选C与下文语意顺接。3．B上文提到不同的体质擅长不同的事情。所以这里选B承接上文，对其进行总结。4．F空前的意思是：好的体形不会一蹴而就。空后的意思是：健康的习惯可能像一周有三天进行二非常钟到一个小时的熬炼这样简洁。所以这里选F(它们须要艰苦的努力，有规律的熬炼和健康的饮食)，在语意上与上下文一样。5．A你的身体是你自己的一部分，和其他部分一样，使你成为别出心裁的自己，所以这里选A(做真实的自己。)作为本段小标题。1.（2024年·新课标卷II）题型体裁话题难度建议时间阅读理解说明文介绍了几位闻名的女性★★★☆☆6分钟YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860—1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907—1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930—present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913—2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.＂TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,＂saidParks.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同领域的四位女性先驱。1．WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork.B．Herteachingskills.C．Hereffortstowinaprize.D．Hercommunitybackground.A。细微环节理解题。依据JaneAddams下的第一句话AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.(任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢JaneAddams)可知，在历史上，JaneAddams以她的社会工作而出名，与A项相符。文中未提及herteachingskills(她的教学技能)，只是谈到了promotingeducation(促进教化)，故B项与文章不符；JaneAddams获得了诺贝尔和平奖，但她不是因努力去获奖而出名的，根本上还是因为她做的社会工作，而且她也并非为了获奖才付出努力，故C项错误；是她的社会工作，以及她激励的社区感让她出名，D项Hercommunitybackground.(她的社区背景)与此不相符。2．WhatwasthereasonforO'Connor'sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A．Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B．Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C．Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D．Thepoorfinancialconditions.C。细微环节理解题。依据SandraDayO'Connor下的第一句WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool...可知，她在斯坦福高校法学院受过教化，并非缺少正规的法律培训，故A项错误；文中未提及她在法庭上的工作阅历少，故B项错误；依据．..shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的卑视”相符，故选C项；文中未提及她的经济状况，故D项错误。3．Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU．S.?A．JaneAddams.B．RachelCarson.C．SandraDayO'Connor.D．RosaParks.D。细微环节理解题。依据RosaParks下的．..italsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear，andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，起先了民权运动，故选D项，是RosaParks对美国的民权运动做出了很大贡献。24．Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A．Theyarehighlyeducated.B．Theyaretrulycreative.C．Theyarepioneers.D．Theyarepeace-lovers.解析：选C。推理推断题。本题考查考生理解全文、提炼信息、概括总结的实力。依据JaneAddams下的．..thefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.，RachelCarson下的Ifitweren'tforRachelCarson，theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.，SandraDayO'Connor下的．..thefirstwomantojointheU．S.SupremeCourt.以及RosaParks下的．..italsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott...kickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.可知，文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱(pioneer)，因此C项正确。B2.（2024年·新课标III卷）题型体裁话题难度建议时间阅读理解应用文中国建筑设计师王澍获奖★★★☆☆5分钟WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校内)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums."Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,"hesaid."ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,"hesaid."Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.体裁：新闻报道题材：中国建筑主题：中国优秀传统建筑文化【文章大意】本文报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中弘扬中国传统文化，最终荣获素有“建筑学界诺贝尔奖”之称的普利兹克建筑奖。【段意梳理】第一段：众多中国优秀建筑设计师正走向世界建筑设计舞台中心。其次段：中国建筑设计师王澍荣获普利兹克建筑奖。第三段：建筑设计师王澍的身份及工作地介绍。第四段：杭州香山学院的建筑风格。第五段：建筑设计师王澍的创作特点。第六段：建筑设计师王澍作品的内涵。第七、八段：建筑设计师王澍对传统的理解。第九段：很多中国人对西式风格的学习和对中式传统的误会。第十段：对待传统的正确看法。【背景学问】传统指的是历史沿传而来的思想、道德、风俗、艺术以及制度等。传统文化就是文明演化而汇合成的一种反映民族特质和风貌的民族文化，是历史上各种思想文化、观念形态的总体表征，是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。文化兴国运兴，文化强民族强。没有高度的文化自信，没有文化的旺盛兴盛，就没有民族的复兴。中华优秀建筑文化源自中华民族五千多年文明历史所孕育的优秀中华传统文化，讲解并描述的是中国经济、社会和文化的发展，弘扬的是宏大的民族精神，坚决的是中华民族的文化自信。5．Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare．A．followingthelatestworldtrendB．gettinginternationalrecognitionC．workingharderthaneverbeforeD．relyingonforeignarchitectsB。考查推理推断。依据其次段中的“WangShu，a49?year?oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize－whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture－onFebruary28.”可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖，即他的作品赢得了国际的认同和确定，故选B。A项曲解文意，王澍获奖并不意味着中国的建筑设计师正紧跟世界最新潮流；C项和D项均属无中生有，与文中信息不符。6．WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A．Itshillyenvironment. B．Itslargesize.C．Itsuniquestyle. D．Itsdiversefunctions.C。考查细微环节理解。依据第四段中的“ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.”和“Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑风格与中国其他高校的校内建筑有很大差异，建筑曲线与山峦起伏完备融合，形成了一道独特的风景。故选C。A项“Itshillyenvironment”(丘陵环境)曲解文意；B项和D项属无中生有。7．WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A．Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B．ThebalanceofEastandWest.C．Theuseofpopulartechniques.D．Theharmonyofoldandnew.D。考查细微环节理解。依据第五段中的“ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素)．”可知，王澍的作品之所以引起了广泛的关注，是因为他在作品中将中国建筑的传统和现代元素进行了有机融合，构成了传统与现代的和谐，故选D。A项曲解文意，是传统与现代元素的融合而非不同形态的混合，B项指中西建筑文化的平衡，C项为时尚技术的运用，均不符合文意。8．WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A．Spreadthemtotheworld.B．Preservethematmuseums.C．Teachtheminuniversities.D．Recreatetheminpractice.D。考查推理推断。依据最终一段可知，中国的传统应当与实践紧密联系，否则它的再创建就会是不自然的、无意义的。故选D。A项“Spreadthemtotheworld”，属无中生有；B项将其保存在博物馆，属混淆黑白；文章以高校校内为例说明建筑艺术的规划，而非在高校里教授传统建筑艺术，故C项错误。3.【2024·全国I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits．I__1__theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto__2__afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess．And,evenifIweren't__3__enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__4__wasappealingenoughtome．Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__5__Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's__6__．Icouldhardlywaitto__7__him．MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__8__wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness．Inhisintroduction,hemadeit__9__thatourcreditswouldbehardearned．Inorderto__10__theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto__11__whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,__12__，toourlives．ImanagedtogetanAinthat__13__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe__14__．TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe__15__me,“Theabsolutemostimportant__16__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__17__．Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto__18__asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingand__19__thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions．”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy__20__asajournalist．篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲解并描述了“我”在大二学的免费课程——下棋，并讲解并描述了它对“我”生活的指导意义。1．A．putforwardB．jumpedat C．triedout D．turneddown答案：B依据上文的“a‘free’course”和下文“谁不想省下几美元”推断，作者迫不及待地接受了上课的念头。jumpat意为“迫不及待地接受”，符合语境。2．A．waste B．earn C．save D．pay答案：C此处和上文的“a‘free’course”呼应，指能省钱。save“节约”，符合语境。3．A．excited B．worried C．moved D．tired答案：A依据上文可知，作者对免费上课能拿学分这件事很感爱好，而且他想学国际象棋。此句是evenif引导的让步状语从句，因此选择excited，表示即使对免费的学分不激烈，教练也足以吸引他。4．A．title B．competitor C．textbook D．instructor答案：D此处是指国际象棋课程的教练(instructor)。5．A．urged B．demanded C．held D．meant答案：D此空格后是对上文“aninternationalgrandmaster”的进一步说明说明，mean(that)．．．意为“意味着”，符合语境。6．A．fastest B．easiest C．best D．rarest答案：C依据上文“教练是国际象棋大师”可知，作者能师从这个项目顶尖人物，故选择best，意为“最好的人(或事物)”，符合语境。7．A．interview B．meet C．challenge D．beat答案：B依据上文，教练是国际象棋大师，作者能从中受益良多，因此作者迫不及待地想见到他，故选择meet。8．A．chance B．qualification C．honor