山东省济宁市英语初三上学期期末试题与参考答案(2024年)

2024年山东省济宁市英语初三上学期期末模拟试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Whatistheweatherliketoday?

A)Itissunny.

B)Itiscloudy.

C)Itisraining.

D)Itwillsnowsoon.Answer:B2.Whycan’ttheboyplaysoccertoday?

A)Becausehehasasoccergame.

B)Becausethefieldismuddy.

C)Becauseit’stoocoldoutside.

D)Becausehisfriendinvitedhim.Answer:B解析：1.Thequestionasksaboutthecurrentweather.Thecorrectansweris“Itiscloudy”asindicatedbytheresponse“B)Itiscloudy.”2.Thequestioninquiresaboutthereasontheboycannotplaysoccer.Thecorrectansweris“Becausethefieldismuddy,”asindicatedbytheresponse“B)Becausethefieldismuddy.”3.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.A.WhatisthestudentplanningtodoonSaturdaymorning?B.Whereisthestudentgoingtohavelunchwiththeirfriend?Answer:A)Thestudentisplanningtogoforamorningrun.

Answer:B)Thestudentisgoingtohavelunchatanearbycafé.3A.WhatisthestudentplanningtodoonSaturdaymorning?

Answer:Thestudentisplanningtogoforamorningrun.(Listenforphraseslike“I’mplanningtogorunning”or“I’llstartmydaywithajog.”)3B.Whereisthestudentgoingtohavelunchwiththeirfriend?

Answer:Thestudentisgoingtohavelunchatanearbycafé.(Listenforphraseslike“I’mmeetingmyfriendatacafé”or“Let’sgrablunchatthatnewcaféaroundthecorner.”)4.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudentaboutaschoolproject.A.Whatistheprojectabout?B.Whenistheprojectdue?Answer:A)Theprojectisaboutwritingashortstory.

Answer:B)Theprojectisdueonthe15thofnextmonth.4A.Whatistheprojectabout?

Answer:Theprojectisaboutwritingashortstory.(Listenforphraseslike“Theassignmentistowriteashortstory”or“Weneedtowriteanarrativepiece.”)4B.Whenistheprojectdue?

Answer:Theprojectisdueonthe15thofnextmonth.(Listenforphraseslike“Thedeadlineisthe15th”or“It’sduenextmonthonthe15th.”)5、Howlonghastheweatherbeenlikethis?Aweek(B)Amonth(C)AyearAnswer:B解析：听力材料中提到“theweatherhasbeenlikethisforamonth”，所以正确答案是B，一个月。6、WhatisAlicedoingnow?Playingthepiano(B)Cookinginthekitchen(C)ReadingamagazineAnswer:A解析：听力材料中提到“Aliceisplayingthepianoinherroom”，所以正确答案是A，正在弹钢琴。7.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Youwillhear:

W:Hi,John!Ipurchasedanewmobilephonelastweekend.It’sreallyconvenient.

M:Cool!Willyoushowittomewhenyoucometomyhome?Question:Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?

A)Shedidn’tbuyanewmobilephone.

B)Sheloveshermobilephone.

C)Sheneedsanewmobilephone.

D)Shedoesn’tknowhowtousehermobilephone.Answer:B

Explanation:Thewomansaid,“It’sreallyconvenient,”whichmeanssheloveshermobilephone.8.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youwillhear:

W:Goodmorning,sir.CanIhelpyouwithsomething?

M:Yes,Ihaveaproblemwithmycomputer.Itwon’tturnon.

W:Okay,letmetakealook.Isitpluggedin?

M:Yes,itis.

W:Maybeyouhaveabadconnection.Checkthepowercordandtheoutlet.Question:Whatistheproblemwiththeman’scomputer?

A)Itwon’tturnon.

B)It’sgotabadseat.

C)It’sinchargeoftheprinting.

D)It’sfullofink.Answer:A

Explanation:Themansays,“Ihaveaproblemwithmycomputer.Itwon’tturnon,”sotheproblemwithhiscomputeristhatitwon’tturnon.9、YourtriptoGuatemalainvolvesvisitingacitywithruinsfromtheancientMayacivilizationandanotherwithafamouslake.Whichofthefollowingiscorrect?A)Tikal,LakeAtitlánB)GuatemalaCity,AntiguaC)Antigua,LakeAtitlánD)Tikal,AntiguaAnswer:A解析:此题考察的是对哥uatemala著名景点的基本了解。Tikal是墨西哥著名的玛雅遗址，而LakeAtitlán位于哥uatemala的一个湖泊，靠近Antigua。正确选项是A)Tikal,LakeAtitlán。10、IfyouplantotraveltoSantiagodeChile,whichcountryareyouvisiting?A)PeruB)ChileC)ArgentinaD)BoliviaAnswer:B解析:本题旨在测试学生对南美国家和城市的识别能力。Santiago是智利的首都，所以正确选项是B)Chile。11.Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestion.W:Howwasyourscienceproject,John?Iheardyoudidagreatjobonit.M:Yeah,itturnedoutreallywell.Iwasabletoconductseveralexperimentsandcollectsomeinterestingdata.Question:WhatdidJohndoforhisscienceproject?

A)Hecollecteddata.

B)Hedrewpictures.

C)Hewroteastory.

D)Hebuiltamodel.Answer:A)Hecollecteddata.Explanation:ThelistenercaninferthatJohn’sscienceprojectinvolvedconductingexperimentsandcollectingdatafromtheconversation.Thephrase“Iwasabletoconductseveralexperimentsandcollectsomeinterestingdata”directlysupportsthisanswer.12.Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.M:Doyouthinkweshouldtakeabreaknow,orshouldwecontinuewiththemeeting?W:Ithinkwe’vealreadyspentalotoftimeonthistopic.Maybeit’sagoodideatotakeabreakandcomebacktoitlater.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?

A)Continuethemeeting.

B)Takealongerbreak.

C)Takeashortbreak.

D)Discussadifferenttopic.Answer:C)Takeashortbreak.Explanation:Thewoman’sresponseindicatesthatshebelievestheyhavespentaconsiderableamountoftimeonthecurrenttopicandsuggeststakingabreaktoreturntoitlater,whichimpliesashortbreak.Thephrase“maybeit’sagoodideatotakeabreakandcomebacktoitlater”supportsthisanswer.13.Listentothedialogueandanswerthequestion:

W:Canyouhelpmefindabookonthehistoryofart?M:Sure,Icanshowyouthesectionwhereallthearthistorybooksare.Whatisthemandoing?AskingthewomanaboutherfavoriteartistTryingtohelpthewomanlocateabookTellingthewomanaboutthebestartworkshopsRecommendingapaintingforthewomanAnswer:B

Explanation:Theconversationisaboutlocatingaspecificbookonthehistoryofart,whichindicatesthatthemanishelpingthewomanfindthebook.14.Listentotheshortpassageaboutenvironmentalprotectionandmatchthestatementswiththecorrespondingnumbers:1.Reducingwaste2.Protectingnaturalresources3.Consuminglessenergy4.ReducingcarbonfootprintThelocalgovernmenthasimplementednewrecyclingprograms.Factoriesmustusecleanerenergysourcestominimizepollution.Peopleareencouragedtousepublictransportationinsteadofcars.Plasticbagshavebeenforbiddenintheshoppingmall.Answer:1D,2B,3C,4A

Explanation:Thestatementsmatchthetopicsofreducingwaste,protectingnaturalresources,consuminglessenergy,andreducingcarbonfootprintaccordingly.15、Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingattheweekend?

A)Visitingamuseum

B)Goingtothebeach

C)Watchingamovie

D)PlayingbasketballAnswer:B)GoingtothebeachExplanation:Intheconversation,themanmentionsthatit’sgoingtobesunnyandwarmovertheweekend,whichmakeshimthinkthatgoingtothebeachwouldbeagreatidea.ThisindicatesthatthecorrectanswerisB.16、Whycan’tthewomangowiththeman?

A)Shehastoworklate

B)Sheisnotfeelingwell

C)Shehasanappointment

D)Shedoesn’tlikethebeachAnswer:C)ShehasanappointmentExplanation:Whenthemaninvitesthewomantojoinhim,shedeclinesbecauseshealreadyhasplanstomeetherdoctorforascheduledappointment.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.17.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacher.Thestudentisaskingforadviceonchoosingasciencefairproject.Student:“Mr.

Smith,I’mreallyexcitedaboutthesciencefair,butI’mnotsurewhatprojecttochoose.Anysuggestions?”Teacher:“Well,howaboutsomethingthatcombinesphysicsandenvironmentalscience?”Student:“Thatsoundsinteresting.Couldyougivemeanexample?”Teacher:“Howaboutdesigningadevicethatmeasuresairqualityinurbanareas?”Student:“Oh,that’sagoodidea!ButI’mnotsureifIhavetheskillsforthat.”Teacher:“Don’tworry.Youcanstartbyresearchingthetopicandthenyoucanaskforhelpfromyourpeersorevenyourparents.”Question:Whatistheteacher’ssuggestionforthestudent’ssciencefairproject?

A)Aprojectonplantgrowth

B)Aprojectonairquality

C)Aprojectonanimalbehavior

D)AprojectonrenewableenergyAnswer:B)Aprojectonairquality解析：通过听力材料，我们可以听到老师建议学生设计一个测量城市地区空气质量的设备，因此答案是B。18.Youarelisteningtoanewsreportaboutanewinitiativetoreduceplasticwasteinschools.NewsAnchor:“Today,wehaveaspecialreportonanewinitiativeaimedatreducingplasticwasteinschoolsacrossthecountry.Accordingtothecampaignorganizers,theprogramencouragesstudentstousereusablebags,bottles,andcontainersinsteadofsingle-useplastics.”Interviewee:“Theprogramstartedinasmalltownandquicklygainedpopularity.Studentsarereallytakingtoit.Manyschoolshavereportedasignificantdecreaseinplasticwastesincethecampaignbegan.”NewsAnchor:“That’sgreattohear.Buthowareschoolsimplementingthischange?”Interviewee:“Schoolsareorganizingworkshopstoeducatestudentsabouttheimpactofplasticwasteontheenvironment.They’realsoprovidingstudentswithreusableitemstouseintheschoolcafeteriaandduringextracurricularactivities.”Question:Whatisthemaingoalofthenewinitiative?

A)Toeducatestudentsaboutthehistoryofplastic

B)Toreduceplasticwasteinschools

C)Tobanallsingle-useplasticsinschools

D)TopromotetheuseofpaperproductsoverplasticAnswer:B)Toreduceplasticwasteinschools解析：通过听力材料，我们可以听到新闻报告提到这个新倡议的主要目标是减少学校中的塑料浪费，因此答案是B。19、Thepassagetalksaboutanupcomingsportseventatschool.

Answer:B(SchoolSportsDayiscomingsoon.)

Explanation:Listentothefirstsentenceofthepassage,whichstates,“Theschoolisgoingtohaveasportsdaythisweek.”Thisindicatesthatasportseventiscomingupattheschool.Thestudentsareexcitedabouttheevent.

Answer:D(Thestudentsareveryexcitedaboutthecomingsportsday.)

Explanation:Inthesecondsentenceofthepassage,itmentions,“Thestudentsarelookingforwardtotheevent.”Thisindicatesthatthestudentsareenthusiasticandexcitedabouttheupcomingsportsday.二、阅读理解（30分）ReadingComprehensionPassage:TheHubbleSpaceTelescope,namedaftertheAmericanastronomerEdwinHubble,hasbeenorbitingEarthsince1990.Itisoneofthemostimportantscientificinstrumentseverbuiltandhasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoftheuniverse.TheHubbleTelescopehascapturedthousandsofphotos,someofwhichhaveshowngalaxiesabillionlight-yearsaway.OneofthemostremarkableachievementsoftheHubbleTelescopewasthediscoveryofdarkmatter.Darkmatterisahypotheticalmaterialthatdoesnotemit,absorb,orreflectlight,makingitinvisible.ScientistAdolfoQuijano-Guerrero,whoworkedonHubble’sobservations,said,“Withoutdarkmatter,galaxieswouldnotbeabletoholdtheirstarsandplanetstogether.”Hubblehasalsohelpedastronomersobservetheexpansionoftheuniverse.Thetelescopehasshownthattheuniverseisexpandingatanacceleratingpace,whichhasledtothetheoryofdarkenergy.Darkenergyisamysteriousforcethatisbelievedtoberesponsiblefortheexpansionoftheuniverse.Question:

Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbelow.1.WhywastheHubbleSpaceTelescopenamedafterEdwinHubble?A.EdwinHubblewasthefirsttousethetelescope.B.EdwinHubblewastheinstrument’sprimaryfinancer.C.Thetelescopewasnamedafterafamousastronomer.D.EdwinHubblediscoveredtheexpansionoftheuniverse.2.Whatdoesdarkmatterrepresentaccordingtothepassage?A.Avisiblematerialthatcanbeseenwiththenakedeye.B.Ahypotheticalmaterialthatisinvisiblebecauseitdoesnotinteractwithlight.C.Theenergythatacceleratestheexpansionoftheuniverse.D.Aconcentrateoflightthatisusedtopowergalaxies.3.WhatdidtheHubbleTelescopecontributetotheunderstandingoftheuniverse’sexpansion?A.ItconfirmedtheEarthisflat.B.Itdemonstratedthattheuniverseisexpandingatasteadyrate.C.Itrevealedthatgalaxieswouldnotexistwithoutdarkmatter.D.Itprovidedevidencesupportingthetheoryofdarkenergy.Keys:1.C2.B3.D三、完型填空（15分）Passage:Readingisnotonlyawaytogainknowledgebutalsoasourceofenjoymentandrelaxation.Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,manypeoplefinditdifficultto(1)______timeforreading.However,thosewhomakereadingaregularpartoftheirlivesoftenreportfeelingmore(2)______andfulfilled.Theyareabletoescapefromthestressesofdailylifeandenterintonewworldscreatedbytheauthors.Readingcanbedonealmostanywhere—athome,onpublictransport,orevenwhilewaitingatadoctor’soffice.Itdoesn’trequireexpensiveequipment;allyouneedisagoodbookorane-reader.Whetherit’sfictionornon-fiction,theactofreadingcanopendoorstoendlesspossibilitiesandhelpindividualsdevelopcriticalthinkingskills.So,nexttimeyouhavesomefreetime,whynot(3)______upabookandstartexploring?Options:A.findB.saveC.spendD.killE.happyF.peacefulG.relaxedH.calmI.pickJ.takeK.bringL.carryAnswers:1.A.find2.G.relaxed3.I.pickWouldyoulikemetoprovideadditionalquestionsbasedonthispassageoranothertopic?四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、I____(1)______totheconcertlastnight,butIwastoosicktogo.A.wasgoingB.wentC.amgoingD.hadgoneAnswer:A

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“wasgoing”becausethesentencedescribesanactionthatwasinprogressatthetimeofanotherpastevent(theconcertlastnight).Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressanactionhappeningataspecificpasttime.2、IfI____(1)______achancetotravel,Iwouldvisiteverycountryintheworld.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhadAnswer:B

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“had”becausethesentenceisinthepastconditionaltense,whichisusedtoexpressahypotheticalorimpossiblepastsituation.Thestructure“If+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple”isusedtoindicateanactionthatwasnotrealizedinthepast.3、While____(travel)inSouthAfrica,Johnmetthefamousrugbyplayer.

Answer:traveling

Explanation:“While”isusedtoindicateanactionthatisgoingonatthesametimeasthemainaction,whichis“met.”Theverbshouldbeintheing-formwhenusing“while”todescribeanongoingaction.“Traveling”isthecorrectanswerhere,anditmatchesthecontextofthesentence.4、Thescientist,____(conduct)researchinAntarctica,discoveredanewspeciesofpenguin.

Answer:conducting

Explanation:Similartothepreviousquestion,“conducting”isusedastheing-formtodescribethescientist’songoingactionofcarryingoutresearch.Thesentencestructure“Thescientist,____(conduct)researchinAntarctica,”requiresagerund(verb+ing)tofunctionasanon-restrictiveclausemodifier,describingamorespecificactivityofthescientist.5、I______(be)excitedaboutthecomingschooltriptothemountains.Lastsummer,myfamilywenthikinganditwassuchawonderfulexperienceforme.答案：*am解析：根据时间状语”aboutthecomingschooltrip”可知，句子讲述的是将来时，而”Iamexcited”中的am是am/is/are的现在式，符合题意。6、Couldyoutellmehow______(write)aproperbusinessletter?It’simportantformetolearnitbeforeIstartmynewjob.答案：towrite解析：根据句意可知，“how”引导的是宾语从句，通常情况下，宾语从句的动词不定式用”to”。而且这里是先提出问题再进行回答，所以运用动词不定式，符合题意。7、Theteacheraskedustowriteacomposition________(describe)ourfavoriteholiday.Answer:describingExplanation:Thecorrectformhereis‘describing’becauseitfunctionsasaparticiplemodifying‘composition’.Ittellsusmoreaboutthekindofcompositionthatwasrequested.8、Bythetimeshearrivedatthestation,thetrain________(leave).Answer:hadleftExplanation:Thecorrectformis‘hadleft’becauseitindicatesapastperfecttense,whichisusedtoshowthatoneactioninthepastoccurredbeforeanotherpastaction.Inthiscase,thetrain’sdeparturehappenedbeforeherarrivalatthestation.9.Theboy,_______youcanseeinthepark,ismybestfriend.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.thatAnswer:B

Explanation:Thecorrectrelativepronountousehereis“whom,”asitreferstoaperson(theboy)andisusedastheobjectoftheverb“cansee.”“Who”wouldbecorrectifitwereusedasthesubject,but“whom”isrequiredinthiscase.10.Bythetimehefinishedhismeal,thesun_______hadstartedtoset.A.hadB.hasC.wasD.wereAnswer:C

Explanation:Thecorrectoptionhereis“was,”because“Bythetime”suggestsapastevent,and“hadstartedtoset”indicatesapastcontinuousactionthatwasinprogressatthetimeofthepastevent.Therefore,“was”isthecorrectpastsimpleformtousewith“hadstarted.”五、简答题（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1、WhatisthedifferencebetweenaفعلpastandaperfectpastinEnglish?Ans:ThedifferencebetweenaفعلpastandaperfectpastinEnglishliesintheirtemporalandsemanticmeanings.Theفعلpasttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedataspecifictimeinthepastandisnolongercontinuing,whiletheperfectpasttense(whichisnotastandardEnglishtensebutcanbeexpressedusing“had+pastparticiple”)isusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastactionorbeforethepresenttime.2、TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:这本书是他上次去图书馆借的。Ans:Thebookwasborrowedbyhimwhenhewenttothelibrarylasttime.解析:Inthissentence,“这本书”means“thebook,”“是他上次去图书馆借的”isanattributiveclausemodifying“这本书,”“他”means“he,”“上次”means“lasttime,”“去图书馆”means“gotothelibrary,”and“借的”means“borrowed.”Therefore,thestructureofthissentenceis“这本书(thebook)+属性成分(attributiveclause)+谓语动词(borrowed).”Thekeytotranslationistoidentifythesubject,timephrase,andthemainverb(borrow)andtranslatethemintoanEnglishsentencestructurethatconveysthesamemeaning.3、Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenpresentperfecttenseandpastsimpletense?答案：Themaindifferencesbetweenpresentperfecttenseandpastsimpletenseareasfollows:1.TimereferencePastsimpletensereferstoactionsandpasteventsthatarefinishedandhavenoconnectionwiththepresent.Presentperfecttensereferstoactionsfinishedatanunspecifiedpasttimeandhasaconnectionwiththepresentintermsofresult,cause,condition,time,etc.2.AspectPastsimpletenseisusedtodescribeactionsandeventsthathaveaclearstartingandfinishingpointinthepast.Presentperfecttenseisusedforactionsthathavestartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathavebeencompletedatanunspecifiedpasttimebutstillrelevanttothepresent.解析：Thisquestionteststheunderstandingofthegrammaticaldifferencesbetweenpresentperfecttenseandpastsimpletense.Theanswercoverstheaspectsoftimereferenceandaspect,whicharekeyindistinguishingthetwotenses.4、Whatarethefiveconsecutivedescriptivewordsthatdescribeabilities,skills,andpractices?答案：Thefiveconsecutivedescriptivewordsthatdescribeabilities,skills,andpracticesare:1.Ability2.Skill3.Technique4.Craft5.Artistry解析：Thisquestionexaminesthecontinuumoftermsusedtodescribelevelsofexpertise,frombasicabilitytohighartistry.Theanswerlistsfivewordsthatrepresentdifferentshadesofskillfulness,startingfromgeneralcapability(ability)andmovingtowardsartisticorcraft-likemastery.5、Whatarethethreemainformsoftheverb“be”inEnglish,andhowdotheydifferinusage?Answer:Thethreemainformsoftheverb“be”inEnglishare“am,”“is,”and“are.”“Am”isusedwiththepronoun“I,”“is”isusedwiththethirdpersonsingular(he,she,it),and“are”isusedwiththesecondperson(you)andallplurals(we,they).Explanation:InEnglish,theverb“be”changesformbasedonthesubjectofthesentencetoagreeinpersonandnumber.Thisisknownasconjugation.“Am”isonlyusedwhenthesubjectis“I,”indicatingfirstpersonsingular.“Is”isusedforthirdpersonsingularsubjects,whichinclude“he,”“she,”and“it.”Finally,“are”isusedforsecondpersonsubjects