中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：专题五介词

专题五介词中考考点梳理考点分类突破

考点

1时间介词以下是初中阶段需要掌握的时间介词。

介词用法示例at用在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。at

noon在正午on用在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间前。on

a

cold

day在寒冷的一天in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)。in

three

days三天后介词用法示例after后跟具体时刻，表示“在……时刻之后”，常用于将来时；后跟时间段，多用于过去时。after

6：00六点之后for后跟一段时间，表示“(延续)……之久”。fortwoyears两年了since后加时间点或过去时的句子，表示“自从(过去某时)以来”。since

2021自2021年以来before表示“在……之前”。before

dinner晚饭前by表示“到……为止”。by

six

o’clock到6点为止(1)方位介词in、on与to的区别包含在整体内部的用介词in，接壤用介词on，相邻用介词to。如图所示：BisintheeastofA.

CisontheeastofA.

DistotheeastofC.

(2)“上下”介词on、above、over、below、under的区别①on意为“在……上面”，表示两者接触。②above意为“在……的上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为below(在……的下方)。③over意为“在……正上方”，表示两者不接触，其反义词为under(在……正下方)。考点

2方位介词考点

3方式介词介词用法byby+表示交通工具的名词“by+动词-ing形式”表示“通过……方式”inin+语言类名词或工具的具体类型ononTV/theradio表示“通过电视/收音机”with表示“用”某种工具、身体的某一部位或器官考点

4介词的常见固定搭配(1)介词+名词

介词短语atat

home在家；at

night在晚上；at

sea在海上；at

the

same

time同时；at

school在上学；at

the

beginning

of在……的开端；at

the

end

of在……的尽头byby

hand手工，亲手交付；by

the

way顺便说一下；by

accident/chance偶然；by

bike骑自行车；by

mistake错误地inin

a

hurry匆忙，急忙；in

a

low

voice小声地；in

fact事实上；in

a

word总而言之；in

life一生中；in(the)front

of在……前面；in

public当众；in

the

end最后；in

time及时；in

trouble处于困境；in

a

row连续几次地；in

common共有；in

order

to为了；in

silence沉默地；in

surprise吃惊地；in

the

future在将来；in

person亲自介词短语onon

business出差；on

duty值日；on

foot步行；on

one’s

way

to在某人去……的路上；on

show展出；on

the

left/right在左/右边；on

time准时；on

the

top

of在……的顶部；on

earth究竟outout

of

breath上气不接下气；out

of

work失业其他as

a

result因此；for

example例如；to

one’s

surprise令某人吃惊的是；with

a

smile带着微笑；without

breakfast没吃早餐(2)be+形容词或分词+介词be

afraid

of害怕……be

angry

with

sb.生某人的气be

bad

for对……有害处be

born

in出生于……be

busy

with忙于……be

different

from与……不同be

famous

for因……而出名be

filled

with充满……be

full

of充满……be

good

at擅长……be

harmful

to对……有害be

interested

in对……感兴趣be

late

for迟到be

pleased

with

sb.对某人感到满意be

proud

of为……骄傲；感到自豪be

ready

for为……做好准备be

satisfied

with

sth.对某事感到满意be

serious

about对……认真be

short

of短缺be

sorry

for为……感到惭愧/难过be

sure

of/about确信；对……有把握be

strict

with

sb.对某人要求严格be

strict

in

sth.对某事要求严格be

surprised

at对……感到惊奇、诧异be

thankful

to对……感激be

tired

of对……感到厌烦be

used

to习惯于……be

worried

about为……担心be

covered

with被……覆盖be

friendly

to对……友好(3)动词+介词ask

for请求

get

to到达get

on/off上/下车

fall

off从……落下pay

for付钱

point

at指向talk

about谈论

wait

for等候write

to给……写信

worry

about担心fall

behind落在……后面Ⅰ.单项选择1.—I’mthirsty.I’dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou，Betty？—Ipreferacupoftea

nothinginit.

A.toB.forC.with2.—ThenewChengdu-KunmingRailwaywasopenedtotrafficinDecember，2022.—Yes，it’sveryconvenientnow.Ittakesusaboutthreehours

ChengdutoXichangonahigh-speedtrain.

A.betweenB.fromC.in3.TheearthquakeinTürkiye(土耳其)happened

February6，2023.

A.onB.inC.at4.Manythanks

yourgift.Iloveit.

A.inB.ofC.forC

A

B

专项能力检测

C

5.DengQingming，anastronautofShenzhou-15，achievedhisdream

manyyears’hardwork.

A.withoutB.throughC.about6.PleasebringMs.Steentothewelcomeparty

tellinghersothatshecanbesurprised.

A.aboutB.fromC.without7.Thetoyis

mylittlebrother.Iboughtityesterday.

A.forB.fromC.by8.Dowhateveryoucanforthecommunity，

lookingaftertheoldorteachingkidsart.

A.withB.underC.likeC

A

C

B

9.—Congratulations！Canyoushareyoursecrettolearning？—Ifyouworkhardenough，youwillsucceed

achievingyourgoal.

A.onB.aboutC.in10.Itisimpolitetospeakloudly

.

A.indangerB.inpublicC.inperson11.Billis

alltheotherrunners.Itseemsthathewillbethewinner.

A.nexttoB.farfromC.aheadof12.Poemsinfluencepeoplealot.

，thepoemsofBaiJuyiarestillmeaningfultoday.

A.IntheendB.Fromnowon

C.ForexampleC

C

B

C

13.—Ms.Huang，whatwouldyoulike

yourafternoontea？

—Justacupofcoffee

anysugarormilk.

A.for；withoutB.to；without

C.for；with14.—I’mgoingtoDisneyland

twoweeks.

—Wow，soundslikefun！A.toB.inC.at15.Mingmingwillhaveaclassmeeting

3：30thisafternoon.

A.onB.inC.at16.—Howdoyourelaxinyourfreetime？—

doingsportsandlisteningtomusic.

A.ByB.OnC.InA

C

B

A

A

17.Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections

thelocallandscapeandpeople.

A.inB.toC.at18.Cathyalwaysmakesgooduseofhertimetostudy，even

herlunchbreak.

A.aroundB.duringC.from19.Insummerevenings，manypeopleenjoytakingwalks

theriver.

A.onB.alongC.in20.(2024·福建)—MayItakeyourorder，Mr.Chen？—I’dlikeacupofcoffeeandacake

.

A.bymistakeB.attimesC.asusualC

B

B

B

21.(2024·黑龙江龙东地区)Hainanisfamous

itsbeautifulbeaches.Manytouristsvisititeveryyear.

A.forB.toC.as22.(2024·福建)Aspecialfestivalwasheld

September23rdlastyeartohonorthehardworkofChinesefarmers.

A.inB.forC.on23.(2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)—It’stimetograduate.Weshouldsay“Thanks”toourteachers.—Ithinkso.Wehavemadegreatprogress

theteachers’help.

A.withB.throughC.under24.(2024·四川成都)China

Dailynamed“Growth”

its“WordoftheYear2023”.

A.asB.afterC.forA

A

C

A

Ⅱ.根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词1.Shewonmanycompetitions，

(包括)fourgoldmedalsintheOlympics.

2.I’mcrazyaboutthefolkstories

(像)Yu

Gong

Moves

the

MountainsandHou

Yi

Shoots

the

Suns.

3.Whenthelittleboysawhismother，heran

(朝向)herwithjoy.

4.Itisourdutytoprot