08任务型阅读之阅读短文填空-2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期期末复习培优拔高（牛津译林版）

08任务型阅读之阅读短文填空1．OnSeptember2，2013，swimmerDianaNyadreachedKeyWest，Florida.Atage64，NyadmadehistorybybeingthefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutusingasharkcage（防鲨笼）.Ittookhernearly53hourstofinishthe103Mileswim."You'renevertoooldtoachieveyourdream，"Nyadsaidafterfinishingtheswim.'"Nevergiveup."ThiswasNyad'sfifthattempt（尝试）topletetheswim.Shefirsttriedin1978，thenmadethreemoreattemptsbetween2011and2012.Whatfinallyhelpedhersucceed？Shehadtrainedforyears，andsometimespracticedswimmingfordaysatatime.Butevenmoreimportantthanthatwashermind.Besides，shehadateamthathelpedheralongtheway.Otherswimmershadmadethetripbefore，swimminginsidesharkcageswhichprotectedthemastheymovedthroughthedangerouswaters.ButNyaddidnotwanttouseacage.AlthoughNyadfacedmanychallengesalongtheway，shethoughtitwasallworthittoachievealifelongdream.Shewroteonherblog，"Iamsoproudofmyteam，and...Iamalsoveryproudofmyself."ManyothersareproudofNyadtoo.EvenPresidentBarackObamaofferedhiscongratulations.根据上面短文的内容填空。（1）OnSeptember2，2013，theswimmerDianaNyadwas64yearsold.（2）DianaNyadhasbeethefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutasharkcagewhichcouldprotectherfrombeinghurt.（3）DianaNyadfirsttriedin1978，thenshemadethreemoreattemptsbetween201land2012.（4）Shehadspentyearstrainingforit.Shehadateamthathelpedheralongtheway.（5）Nyadwereproudofherselfandherteam.Peoplebelievedthecountrywasproudofher，evenPresidentObamaofferedhiscongratulations.文章主旨：本文讲述了64岁时的DianaNyad创造了历史，成为第一个不使用防鲨笼从古巴游到佛罗里达州的人。答案详解：（1）考查短语和数词。根据第一段中的OnSeptember2，2013，swimmerDianaNyadreachedKeyWest，Florida.Atage64，NyadmadehistorybybeingthefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutusingasharkcage.（2013年9月2日，游泳运动员DianaNyad抵达佛罗里达州基韦斯特。在64岁时，Nyad创造了历史，成为第一个从古巴游到佛罗里达而不使用鲨鱼笼的人。）可知，2013年9月2日，游泳运动员DianaNyad64岁。故填：September2，；64。（2）考查介词。根据第一段中的NyadmadehistorybybeingthefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutusingasharkcage可知DianaNyad.（Nyad创造了历史，成为第一个从古巴游到佛罗里达而不使用鲨鱼笼的人。）可知，DianaNyad成为第一个从古巴游到佛罗里达的人，鲨鱼笼可以保护她免受伤害。protectsb.Fromdoingsth.保护某人免受……，故填：without；from。（3）考查数词和短语。根据第二段中的Shefirsttriedin1978，thenmadethreemoreattemptsbetween2011and2012.（她在1978年首次尝试，然后在2011年至2012年间又尝试了三次。）可知，她在1978年首次尝试，然后在2011年至2012年间又尝试了三次。故填：1978；threemoreattempts。（4）考查动词和名词。根据第二段中的Shehadtrainedforyears，andsometimespracticedswimmingfordaysatatime.Butevenmoreimportantthanthatwashermind.Besides，shehadateamthathelpedheralongtheway.（她训练了多年，有时一次练习游泳几天。但更重要的是她的思想。此外，她有一个团队一直在帮助她。）可知，她为此花了多年的时间训练。她有一个团队一直在帮助她。spend+时间或金钱+doingsth.表示"花费时间或金钱做某事"，由题干可知，句子时态是过去完成时，其结构是haddone，第一空前助动词had，因此第一空应填动词过去分词，故填：spent；team。（5）考查反身代词和短语。根据最后一段"Iamsoproudofmyteam，and...Iamalsoveryproudofmyself."ManyothersareproudofNyadtoo.EvenPresidentBarackObamaofferedhiscongratulations.（"我为我的团队感到骄傲，而且……我也为自己感到骄傲。"许多其他人也为Nyad感到骄傲。甚至美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马也表示祝贺。）可知，DianaNyad为自己和她的团队感到骄傲。人们认为国家为她感到骄傲，甚至奥巴马总统也表示祝贺。故填：herself；offeredhis。2．AlmostoneseventhofChinahasbeenunderheavysmog.Theairpollutionin20citieshasreachedthe"dangerlevel".Chinaisnotalone，however.Manycountrieshavethesamesituation.Theairpollutionisaproblemfromwhichwecan'thide.TheUnitedStatesSincethebeginningofthe19thcentury，Americahashadtroublewithenvironmentalproblems，airpollutioninparticular.Almost60percentofAmericansliveinareas，whereairpollutionhasreachedunhealthylevels.Itcanmakepeoplesick.TheUScreatedtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin1970andpassedtheCleanAirAct.Nowtheairalloverthecountryismuchcleaner，especiallyparedtotenyearsago.LondonYellowGreysmogwasafrequentvisitortoLondoninthe1950sandgotthename"Londonfog".Theheaviest，whichshockedtheworld，wasin1952.Becauseofcoldweatherandwindlessconditions，pollutedaircoveredthecity.Peoplecouldseesomethingaroundthemonlyinafewmetersandabout4，000peopledied.In1956，LondonpassedtheCleanAirAct.Itlargelyreducedairpollution.NewDelhiBecauseNewDelhiisdevelopingfast，itsairqualityisevenworsethanthatofChinesecities.NewDelhihasdonelittletoimproveairqualityinrecentyears.However，thecitygovernmentmadeafewchangesmorethan10yearsago.Theymovedindustryoutofthecity，builtasubwayandimprovedpublictransport.根据上面短文内容填空。（每空一词）（1）Asfortheairpollution，Chinaisnotalone.Manycountrieshavethesamesituation.（2）About60percentofAmericansliveinareas，whereairpollutionhasreachedunhealthylevels.（3）TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencywascreatedupbytheUSAin1970.TheUSApassedtheCleanAirAct.（4）InLondon，theheaviestsmoginLondonshockedtheworldandabout4，000peopledied.（5）NewDelhihasdonelittletomakeairqualitybetterinrecentyearsanditsairqualityisevenworsethanthatofChinesecities.文章主旨：要描述了世界性空气污染问题"雾霾"．及一些国家的解决办法答案详解：细节理解题。（1）根据Chinaisnotalone，however.Manycountrieshavethesamesituation.（然而，中国并不孤单。许多国家都有同样的情况。）可知，至于空气污染，中国并不是唯一一个。许多国家都有同样的情况。故填alone；situation。（2）根据Almost60percentofAmericansliveinareas，whereairpollutionhasreachedunhealthylevels.（近60%的美国人生活在空气污染已达到不健康水平的地区。）可知，大约60%的美国人生活在空气污染已达到不健康水平的地区。故填60；unhealthy。（3）根据TheUScreatedtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin1970andpassedtheCleanAirAct.（美国于1970年成立了环境保护局，并通过了《清洁空气法》。可知，美国于1970年成立了环境保护局。美国通过了《清洁空气法》。故填created；passed。（4）根据Peoplecouldseesomethingaroundthemonlyinafewmetersandabout4，000peopledied.In1956，LondonpassedtheCleanAirAct.Itlargelyreducedairpollution.（人们只能在几米内看到周围的东西，大约有4000人死亡。1956年，伦敦通过了《清洁空气法案》。它大大减少了空气污染。）可知，在伦敦，伦敦最严重的烟雾震惊了世界，约4000人死亡。故填London；died（5）根据BecauseNewDelhiisdevelopingfast，itsairqualityisevenworsethanthatofChinesecities.NewDelhihasdonelittletoimproveairqualityinrecentyears.（由于新德里发展迅速，其空气质量甚至比中国城市还要差。近年来，新德里在改善空气质量方面做得很少。）可知，近年来，新德里在改善空气质量方面做得很少，其空气质量甚至比中国城市还要差。故填little；worse。3．Takingyourdogforawalkcanbefun.Butitcanalsobringarisktoothers.Morethan10millionpeopleinChinaarebittenbydogseveryyear.Asaresult，anewlawwhichaskspeopletokeeptheirdogsonaropecameintouseonMay1，2021.Thelawfocuseson（聚焦）thepreventionofrabies（狂犬病）.Therabiesvirusismainlycarriedbydogs.Thelawmakesitclearthatanyonewhokeepsdogsmustregularlyvaccinate（定期接种疫苗）them.Peoplewhowalktheirdogsoutdoorsmustkeeptheirdogsonaropesothatdogswon'thurtpeopleorspreaddisease.Thosewhodon'tfollowthelawwillfaceafine.Inthepast，thedogownersdecidediftheywouldgettheirdogsvaccinated.Thismeantthatifsomeonewasbitten，theywouldhavetogotoahospitaltogettreatedandvaccinatedatonce.Accordingtoexperts（专家），70percentofanimaldiseasescanbepassedontohumans.And75percentofallnewinfectious（传染性的）humandiseasesefromanimals，ChinaDailyreported.Soitismoreimportanttovaccinatedogsthanhumans.阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的短文，每空一词。Itisfuntowalkyourdogoutdoors.However，itcanalsobe（1）harmfultoothers.Everyyear，over10millionpeoplearebittenbydogs.AnewlawwhichaskspeopletokeeptheirdogsonaropecameintousethisMay.Itfocusesonpreventingrabies.Thelawexplains（2）clearlythatpeoplemustregularlyvaccinatetheirdogs.Andwhentheywalktheirdogs，dogsmustbekeptonaropeto（3）preventhurtingpeopleorspreadingdisease.Anyonewhobreaks.Thelawwillbe（4）fined.Inthepast，onlythedogownerscoulddecideiftheywouldvaccinatetheirpetdogs.Butmanydiseasescanspread（5）betweenanimalsandhumans.Sodogownersshouldvaccinatedogs.文章主旨：本文主要介绍了一项要求人们用绳子拴住狗的新法律于2012年5月1日开始实施以及人们应该如何遛狗。答案详解：（1）考查形容词。根据Butitcanalsobringarisktoothers.Morethan10millionpeopleinChinaarebittenbydogseveryyear.（但它也会给其他人带来风险。中国每年有1000多万人被狗咬伤。）可知，然而，它也可能对其他人有害。beharmfulto对……有害；对……是有害的，故填harmful。（2）考查关系代词。根据Thelawmakesitclearthatanyonewhokeepsdogsmustregularlyvaccinate（定期接种疫苗）them.（法律明确规定，养狗的人必须定期给狗接种疫苗。）可知法律明确规定，人们必须定期给狗接种疫苗。此处应填副词clearly修饰动词explains，故填clearly。（3）考查副词。根据Peoplewhowalktheirdogsoutdoorsmustkeeptheirdogsonaropesothatdogswon'thurtpeopleorspreaddisease.（在户外遛狗的人必须把狗拴在绳子上，这样狗就不会伤人或传播疾病。）可知，当他们遛狗时，必须把狗拴在绳子上以防止伤害他人或传播疾病。to+动词原形，故填prevent。（4）考查动词。根据Thosewhodon'tfollowthelawwillfaceafine.（那些不遵守法律的人将面临罚款。）可知，任何违反法律的人都将被罚款。willbefined将被罚款。一般将来时态的被动语态，此处应填过去分词fined处……以罚金。故填fined。（5）考查介词。根据Accordingtoexperts（专家），70percentofanimaldiseasescanbepassedontohumans.And75percentofallnewinfectious（传染性的）humandiseasesefromanimals，ChinaDailyreported.（据专家称，70%的动物疾病可以传染给人类。据《中国日报》报道，75%的新增人类传染病来自动物。）可知，但是许多疾病可以在动物和人类之间传播。between...And...，表示在……和……之间。故填between。4．Startingfromtheingfallterm，studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolswillhaveatleastonelessoneveryweektolearnsimplebutnecessaryhouseworkskillssuchascleaningandcooking.Labor（劳动）lessonscovermainlyhousework，productivelabor，andservices.Thelessonsaregoodforstudents'character.Primaryschoolstudentsinfirstandsecondgradesneedtodosimplebutnecessarycleaning，washvegetablesandpeel（剥皮）fruit，andlearntoraiseoneortwokindsofplantsorsmallanimals.Thirdandfourthgradersshouldcleantheirclassrooms，washtheirunderwear，socksandshoes，andknowhowtomakecolddishes.Fifthandsixthgradersshouldknowtheskillsofcookingtwoorthreemondishes.Formiddleschoolstudents，theyareencouragedtocookthreeorfourdishesbythemselves，learnhowtomakeoneortwokindsoftraditionalhandicrafts（手工艺品），andexperienceoneortwotypesofindustriallabor（工业劳动），newtechnologies，modernserviceorvolunteerwork.Peoplewelesuchlessonsandsayit'snecessarytoteachyoungstudentshouseworkskills.YangJianping，amotherofafirstgraderinBeijing，saysshesupportsteachingstudentssuchlessons，becausetheycanhelpstudentslearnsomenecessarylaborskills.Herson'sheadteacherasksthestudentstocleantheclassrooms.Shelikesitverymuch.阅读信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。Fromthepassageabove，welearnthatfromthenewfalltermon，bothprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentswillhaveatleastonelabourlessonaweek.Wearealsotoldwhatkindoflabourstudentsin（1）differentgradesmusttakeon.Forexample，primaryschoolstudentsaremainlyaskedtodosomesimple（2）houseworksuchascleaningandcookingwhilemiddleschoolstudentsareexpectedtodomore.Theyareencouragedtotakeonsomework（3）outside/beyondhomesothattheywillgetsomeskillsintraditionalhandicrafts，industriesandnewtechnologies.Theyarealsoencouragedtoworkas（4）volunteers.Finally，weknowthatpeopleshowgreat（5）supporttothelabourcoursebecausetheybelievethatitwillhelpdevelopchildren'scharacteraswellaslifeskills.文章主旨：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了从即将到来的秋季学期开始，中小学生将开展劳动课程，并明确规定了不同年级学生的学习任务，以及人们对开展此课程的态度。答案详解：（1）考查形容词。根据文中第三段"Primaryschoolstudentsinfirstandsecondgradesneedtodosimplebutnecessarycleaning，washvegetablesandpeel（剥皮）fruit，andlearntoraiseoneortwokindsofplantsorsmallanimals.Thirdandfourthgradersshouldcleantheirclassrooms，washtheirunderwear，socksandshoes，andknowhowtomakecolddishes.Fifthandsixthgradersshouldknowtheskillsofcookingtwoorthreemondishes."可知不同年级的学生需要学会做不同种类的劳动。故填different。（2）考查名词。根据文中第一段"studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolswillhaveatleastonelessoneveryweektolearnsimplebutnecessaryhouseworkskillssuchascleaningandcooking."可知中小学生每周至少上一节课，学习简单但必要的家务技能，如清洁和做饭。故填housework。（3）考查介词。根据文中第三段"Formiddleschoolstudents，theyareencouragedtocookthreeorfourdishesbythemselves，learnhowtomakeoneortwokindsoftraditionalhandicrafts（手工艺品）andexperienceoneortwotypesofindustriallabor（工业劳动），newtechnologies，modernserviceorvolunteerwork."可知中学生的劳动课不局限于家里，还需要到户外参与劳动实践。故填outside/beyond。（4）考查名词。根据第三段"Formiddleschoolstudents，theyareencouragedtocook…experienceoneortwotypesofindustriallabor（工业劳动），newtechnologies，modernserviceorvolunteerwork."可知中学生不仅要学习手工艺技巧，还需要做志愿者。故填volunteers。（5）考查名词。根据文中最后一段"Peoplewelesuchlessonsandsayit'snecessarytoteachyoungstudentshouseworkskills…saysshesupportsteachingstudentssuchlessons..."可知人们对此课程表示支持。故填support。5．Dannaylovestoread."Whenyou'rereading，youcanbeinyourownworldanddoalmostanythingyouwant，"shesays.TheHarryPotterseriesareherfavorites.ButtoDannay，allbookshavemagicoftheirown.Dannaylearnedthatinpoorneighborhoods，theremaybeonly1bookforevery300kids.Shewasalsosurprisedtofindoutthatkidsinpoorneighborhoodsmaynotownbooksorvisitalibrary.Shedecidedtochangethat.Soattheageof8，DannaystartedanorganizationcalledReadingHeart.Itcollectsbooksthataregivenbypeopleinthemunity.ThenDannay，herfamilyandfriendshandtheircollectionsouttokidsinpoorschools，hospitalsandneighborhoodsforfree.Infouryears，they'vegivenawaymorethan400，000books!Onvisitstoschools，Dannayturnsthebookgiveawayintoaparty.Withdancing，freeTShirtsandtablesofbooks，her"BookTour"hascovered150schoolsinherareatogetkidsexcitedaboutreading.Afterkidschoosetheirbooks，Dannaygivesthemachallenge."Theycankeeptheirbooks，"shesays."Butwhentheyfinishreadingabook，theyhavetoshareitwithafriend."Byexchangingbooks，kidscanreadevenmore.Dannayloveshelpingothersdiscoverthemagicofreading."Whenkidsgetabook，theyfeelveryhappy.Seeingkids'smilesmakesmefeelreallyamazed."Dannaysays.Ifonewantstobehappy，hecandosomethingforothersandifonewantstobegreat，hecanhelpothersreadbooks.Dannayisahelpfulandgreatperson.Dannaylovestoread.Shethinksallbookshavetheirownmagic.Dannaylearnedthatkidsinpoorneighborhoodsmaynotownbooksorvisitalibrary.Shedecidedtochangethat.Attheageof8，DannaystartedReadingHeart.Itcollects（1）booksgivenbypeopleinthemunityandgivesthemtokidsinneedforfree.Infouryears，they'vegivenaway（2）morethan400，000books!Her"BookTour"bringskidsgreatexcitementaboutreading.Afterkidschoosetheirbooks，DannaygivesthemachallengeWhenthey（3）finishreadingabook，theyhavetoshareitwithafriend.（4）Byexchangingbooks，kidscanreadevenmore，Dannaythinksit'san（5）amazingfeeingtoseekids'smileswhentheygetabook.Dannayisreallyhelpfulandgreat.文章主旨：本文讲述了Dannay喜欢读书。她认为所有的书都有自己的魔力。Dannay了解到，贫困社区的孩子可能不会拥有书籍或参观图书馆。她决定改变这一点。它收集社区中人们赠送的书籍，并免费送给需要帮助的孩子。答案详解：（1）考查名词。根据Soattheageof8，DannaystartedanorganizationcalledReadingHeart.Itcollectsbooksthataregivenbypeopleinthemunity.（因此，在8岁时，Dannay创办了一个名为"阅读之心"的组织。它收集社区中人们赠送的书籍。）可知，它收集社区中人们赠送的书籍，并免费送给需要帮助的孩子。此处用book的复数形式books表示泛指。故填books。（2）考查短语。根据Infouryears，they'vegivenawaymorethan400，000books!（四年来，他们送出了40多万本书！）可知，在四年里，他们送出了40多万本书！多于"morethan"。故填morethan。（3）考查动词。根据Afterkidschoosetheirbooks，Dannaygivesthemachallenge."Theycankeeptheirbooks，"shesays."Butwhentheyfinishreadingabook，theyhavetoshareitwithafriend."（在孩子们选择了他们的书之后，Dannay给了他们一个挑战。"他们可以保留他们的书，"她说。"但当他们读完一本书时，他们必须与朋友分享。"通过交换书籍，孩子们可以阅读更多。）可知，在孩子们选择了他们的书后，丹内给了他们一个挑战当他们读完一本书时，他们必须与朋友分享。完成"finish"，根据gives可知时态为一般现在时，主语为they，故用finish的原形。故填finish。（4）考查介词。根据Byexchangingbooks，kidscanreadevenmore.（通过交换书籍，孩子们可以阅读更多。）可知，通过交换书籍，孩子们可以阅读更多的书，Dannay认为当孩子们收到一本书时看到他们的微笑是一种令人惊奇的感觉。通过"by"，位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填By。（5）考查形容词。根据"Whenkidsgetabook，theyfeelveryhappy.Seeingkids'smilesmakesmefeelreallyamazed."（"当孩子们得到一本书时，他们感到非常高兴。看到孩子们的笑容让我感到非常惊讶"。）可知，通过交换书籍，孩子们可以阅读更多的书，Dannay认为当孩子们收到一本书时看到他们的微笑是一种令人惊奇的感觉。令人惊奇的"amazing"，指物，主语为it。故填amazing。6．Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlife.Andalthoughwethinkit'snaturalandnormaltohavefriends，weoftendon'thaveaclearunderstandingofhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople，weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew.Forexample，theaverage（平均）numberoffriendsamongstudentsisabout6.Inafriendlyrelationship，twopeoplelikeeachotherandenjoybeingtogether，butwhethertheyareclosefriendsdependsonmorethingslikeage，economiccondition，socialposition，andintelligence（智力）.Althoughtheyarenotthemostimportant，itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisabigdifferenceamongthem.Somefriendlyrelationshipscanbekeptonargumentanddiscussion，butitisusualforclosefriendstohaveattitudesandinterestsinmon.Theyoftentalkabout"beingonthesamewavelength（波长）".Itusuallytakestimetoreachthispoint.Peoplewanttohelpfriendsandhatetobreakapromise.Thishelpstheminvolveintimately（紧密）withoneanother.Friendsareimportantinourlife.It'snaturalandnormalforustomakefriends，butwedon'tunderstand（1）clearlyhowwemakefriends.It'susualthatweonlymakefriendswithaveryfewpeople（2）whilegettingonwithmanypeople.Inafriendship，whetherthepeoplecanbeeclosefriendsmay（3）dependonmorethanenjoyingbeingtogether.Ifpeoplerealizetheyhavereallydifferentfactorslikeage，economiccondition，socialposition，andintelligencefromtheirfriends，theywillhavemore（4）difficultiesgettingonwiththem.Themoreimportantly，closefriendsneedtohave（5）mon/similarattitudesandinterests.Besides，friendsshouldtolerate（容忍）differencesofopinions.文章主旨：本文主要讲述了朋友在我们生活中发挥着重要的作用，我们应该清楚地认识到如何去交朋友。答案详解：（1）clearly.考查副词。分析句子可知此处缺副词修饰动词understand。根据上文"weoftendon'thaveaclearunderstandingofhowwemakefriends"我们常常不清楚我们是如何交朋友的。可知，此处用形容词"clear"修饰名词"understanding"。那么此空则应用clear的副词形式"clearly（清楚地）"修饰动词understand。故填：clearly。（2）while.考查连词。根据上文"Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople，weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew"虽然我们与许多人相处得很好，但我们通常只与极少数人成为朋友。此句中while表示"当......时"。因此该空也填while"当......时"引导时间状语从句。故填：while。（3）depend.考查动词。dependon固定短语，译为"依靠，依赖"。根据题干并对比上文内容"butwhethertheyareclosefriendsdependsonmorethingslikeage，economiccondition，socialposition，andintelligence"但他们是否是亲密的朋友更多地取决于年龄、经济条件、社会地位和智力。该空要填"依赖"这一含义。且may为情态动词，其后要接动词原形。故填：depend。（4）difficulties.考查名词。根据题干并对比上文内容"itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisabigdifferenceamongthem"当人们之间存在很大的差异时，很难与他们相处。该空要填"困难"这一含义的词。more形容词，修饰可数名词复数，译为"更多的"；形容词difficult"困难的"，可数名词复数形式为"difficulties"。故填：difficulties。（5）mon/similar.考查形容词。根据题干并对比上文内容"butitisusualforclosefriendstohaveattitudesandinterestsinmon"但亲密的朋友通常有共同的态度和兴趣。have...Inmoon"在......有共同之处"，此空要填"相似的；相同的"这一含义的词。attitudes和interests为名词，形容词修饰名词，因此这里要填形容词。形容词similar/mon译为"相似的；共同的"。故填：mon/similar。7．Haveyouhadaheadacheduringatest？Haveyoueverbeensoworriedaboutsomethingthatyouhaveaheadacheorevencan'tsleepatnight？Ifso，thenyouknowwhatstress（压力）is.Stressiswhatyoufeelwhenyouareworriedaboutsomething.Thisworryinyourmindcanmakeyourbodyfeelbad.Youmayfeelangry，sad，scared，orafraidAllofwhichcangiveyouastomachacheoraheadache.However，therearedifferentkindsofstress.Somekindsofstressaregoodandothersarebad.Goodstressmighthappenwhenyou'recalledtoanswerquestionsinclassorwhenyouhavetogiveaspeech.Thiskindofstresscanhelpyoutogetthingsbetterdone.Forexample，youmaydoabetterjobonyourtestifthestresspushesyoutopreparebetterbeforethetest.Ontheotherhand，badstresscanhappenifthestresslasts（持续）toolong.Youmaynotfeelwellifyourparentsarefighting，ifafamilymemberissick，ifyou'rehavingproblemsatschool，orifanythingelsemakesyouunhappyeveryday.Thatkindofstressisn'tgoingtohelpyou.Anditcanactuallymakeyousick.Thebestwaytofightthestressistohaveabalanced（均衡的）life.Makesureyoukeepinmindsleep，exercise，leisure（休闲），andfood.Ifyougetenoughsleepandeathealthily，andifyouexerciseandleavetimeforfun，you'llprobablyfeellessstressed.阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下列短文，每空一词。Stressiswhatyouarementallyexperiencingwhenyouareworried.Itwillbringyousuchbad（1）feelingsasanger，sadness，orfearaswellassomephysicalpain.Butyoudon'thavetobetoonervousaboutit.Inreallifeeveryoneneedsitfromtimetotime（2）because/as/forproperstresscanpushthemtogetthingsbetterdone.Becauseofsuchstress，peoplehave（3）chancestodosomethingtheythoughtimpossibleandimprovethemselves.However，stresscanbe（4）harmfultoyouifyoufeelitallthetime.To（5）avoidsuchasituation，itisnecessaryforeveryonetolearntoliveabalancedlife.Inotherwords，makesurethatyouhaveahealthydiet（饮食）andenoughtimeforsleep，exerciseandfunindailylife.文章主旨：本文主要介绍了什么是压力，压力的类型以及缓解压力的办法。答案详解：（1）feelings.考查名词。句意：它不仅会给你带来身体上的痛苦，还会给你带来愤怒、悲伤或恐惧等糟糕的感觉。根据第一段Youmayfeelangry，sad，scared，orafraid可知，你可能感到生气、悲伤、恐惧或者害怕，即压力会给你带来各种负面的情绪和感受，feeling为可数名词，用复数。故填feelings。（2）because/as/for.考查连词。句意：在现实生活中，每个人都时不时地需要压力，因为适当的压力可以促使他们把事情做得更好。根据第二段Goodstressmighthappenwhenyou'recalledtoanswerquestionsinclassorwhenyouhavetogiveaspeech.Thiskindofstresscanhelpyoutogetthingsbetterdone.可知，好的压力可能发生在你被要求在课堂上回答问题或做演讲的时候；这种压力可以帮助你把事情做得更好。分析题干句式，此句是状语从句，且设空后的从句表原因，因此可以用连词because、as或for引导此原因状语从句。故填because/as/for。（3）chances.考查名词。句意：由于这种压力，人们有机会去做一些他们认为不可能的事情，并提高自己。根据第二段Thiskindofstresscanhelpyoutogetthingsbetterdone.Forexample，youmaydoabetterjobonyourtestifthestresspushesyoutopreparebetterbeforethetest.可知，这种压力可以帮助你把事情做得更好。例如，如果压力迫使你在考试前更好地准备，你可能会在考试中做得更好。根据语境及句式，题干设空处表"有……去做他们认为不可能的事情"，结合语境，这里填"机会"符合语境，构成"havechancestodosth"短语，在此结构中chance是可数名词，常用复数形式。故填chances。（4）harmful.考查形容词。句意：然而，如果你一直感到压力，压力对你是有害的。根据第三段Ontheotherhand，badstresscanhappenifthestresslaststoolong...Thatkindofstressisn'tgoingtohelpyou.Anditcanactuallymakeyousick.可知，另一方面，如果压力持续太久，就会产生不良压力……这种压力对你没有帮助，它实际上会让你生病。根据语境及句式，题干设空处表"对……有害"，构成固定搭配"beharmfulto"短语。故填harmful。（5）avoid.考查动词。句意：为了避免这样的情况，每个人都有必要学会过平衡的生活。根据最后一段Thebestwaytofightthestressistohaveabalancedlife.可知，对抗压力的最好方法就是拥有平衡的生活。分析句式，设空处应用动词；根据语境，设空处表"为了避免这种情形"，因此动词avoid（避免）符合语境。故填avoid。8．Withthestartofthenewtermdelayed（延期），wehadtotakeonlineclassesathome．Ifoundit'sagoodideatofirstlearnthingsbymyselfandthendiscussthemwithmyclassmatesandteachers．However，municatingwithourteacherscanbedifficultwhenwehaveapoorinternetconnection．Onlineclassesallowustocarryonwithourlearning，sincewecan'tgobacktoourschool．Wedon'thavetoworryabouttheteachergoingtoofastbecausewecanwatchthevideosasmanytimesasweneed．Itprovidesuswithachancetomakeuseofonlinelearningresources．Wemightfeeltiredafterwatchingaputerorsmartphonescreenforalongtime．Itisespeciallybadforoureyes．SometimesI'mnotabletolistentotheteacherascarefullyasIdointraditionalclassesbecauseIeasilygetdistracted（分心）bysoundsorotherthings．Ifindithardertotakepartinclassactivitieswhiletakingvideoclasses．I'velearnedfromthisspecialexperiencethatit'snecessarytogetintogoodlearninghabits，especiallyselfDiscipline（自律）．Otherwise，it'seasytofallbehind．Anytimecanbelearningtime．Thisexperiencetaughtmetoberesponsibleformyself．阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的短文，每空一词．Withthestartofthenewsemesterdelayed，wehadtotakeonlineclassesathome．Onlineclassesallowusto（1）continueourstudy．Ifwe（2）failtotakenotes，onlineclassesprovideasecondchancetocatchup，becausewecanwatchthevideosasmanytimesasweneed．Watchingaputerorsmartphonescreenforalongtimeis（3）harmfultooureyes．Itis（4）impossibleformetolistentotheteacherascarefullyasIdointraditionalclasses．Weneedto（5）developgoodlearninghabitswhenteachersarenotaround．文章主旨：短文讲了新学期开学推迟了，不得不在家里上网络课．详细地介绍了网络课程的好处和缺点等．答案详解：（1）continue．考查动词．根据第二段那句子"Onlineclassesallowustocarryonwithourlearning，sincewecan'tgobacktoourschool．"可知网络课程让我们可以继续学习．carryonwith等于continue，allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事．故答案为continue．（2）fail．考查动词．根据第二段句子"Wedon'thavetoworryabouttheteachergoingtoofastbecausewecanwatchthevideosasmanytimesasweneed．Itprovidesuswithachancetomakeuseofonlinelearningresources．"可知如果我们没有记笔记，网络课程提供了第二次赶上进度的机会．failtodosth未能做某事，句子是一般现在时，主语是we．故答案为fail．（3）harmful．考查短语．根据第三段句子"Wemightfeeltiredafterwatchingaputerorsmartphonescreenforalongtime．Itisespeciallybadforoureyes．"可知长时间盯着电脑或智能屏幕对我们的眼睛有害．bebadfor等于beharmfulto对…有害；故答案为harmful．（4）impossible．考查形容词．根据第三段句子"SometimesI'mnotabletolistentotheteacherascarefullyasIdointraditionalclassesbecauseIeasilygetdistracted（分心）bysoundsorotherthings．"可知对我来说，不可能像在传统课堂上那样认真地听老师讲课．Itis+形容词+forsbtodosth固定句型．benotableto等于impossible不可能．故答案为impossible．（5）develop．考查动词．根据最后一段句子"I'velearnedfromthisspecialexperiencethatit'snecessarytogetintogoodlearninghabits，especiallyselfDiscipline（自律）．"可知当老师不在的时候，我们需要养成良好的学习习惯．needtodosth需要做某事，故答案为develop．9．Perhapsyou'vealreadywatchedorheardaboutReaders，aTVshowthatisonagoldenperiodoftimebyDongQing．Itattractedagreatnumberofaudience．Itinvitesdifferentpeopletoreadaloudonthestage，aswellastellthetouchingstoriesbehindthem．Theycanreadeverything，likepoems，booksandletters．Manypeoplearefansoftheshowandbegintoenjoyreadingaloudathome．NowtheshowgivespeopleaspecialplacetoreadacrossChina．Readingpavilions（朗读亭）arenowincitieslikeShanghai，HangzhouandXi'an．Thepavilionisquitesmall．Onlyonepersoncaneintoiteachtime．Thereisamicrophoneinitanditrecordspeople'svoices．Everyonecanreadanythingtheylikeforthreeminutesinthepavilion．TheshowwilllaterpicksomeofthereadersandinvitethemtoreadonTV．Peopleofallageshaveeandreadinthepavilion，accordingtoPeople'sDaily．"Readingshouldbejustlikesingingandtalking，"saidDongQing，thehostoftheshow．"Wecanactuallyexpressourdeepfeelingsthroughreadingaloud．"BoththeTVshowandthepavilionarepromoting（推进）readingamongthepublic．Infact，ourcountryisalsotryingtodothatnow．阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的短文，每空一词．ATVshow"Readers"islikeabookthatpeopleopenslowly．Ithasrecentlybee（1）popularamongthepeopleo