2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature预习新知早知道2学案外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit5RevealingnatureⅠ.匹配词义a．单词匹配()1.worldwide A．n.杀虫剂，农药()2.giant B．n.(古代的)神话()3.myth C．n.传闻，传奇(故事)()4.legend D．adj.巨大的，特大的()5.pesticide E．adv.遍及全世界[答案]1－5EDBCAb．短语匹配()1municatewith A．把……和……连接起来()2.tinyamountsof B．赶跑，使离去()3.driveaway C．在某种程度上()4.insomeways D．与……沟通()5.link...to E．少量的[答案]1－5DEBCAⅡ.默写单词1．goatn． 山羊2．characteristicn. 特征，特性3．declinev. 削减4．rootn. 根5．detectv. 发觉，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)6．linkv. 把……联系起来；连接7．primitiveadj. 原始的，低等的8．blamev. 指责，指责；把……归咎于9．centimetren. 厘米Ⅰ.语境填空primitive，detect，characteristic，link，root，centimetre，decline，legend，giant，blame1．Thecoldweathermayaccountforthedeclineintheflowofcustomersintheshoppingmall.2．Theconditionsinthelocalschoolwerefairlyprimitive，withoutelectricityandbasicteachingtools.3．Theairplanecrashcastagiantshadowontravellers.4．Theabilitytomakeandusetoolsisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofhumans.5．Nothisteacherbutthestudenthimselfistoblameforthefailureintheexam.6．Weneedtofindouttherootoftheproblembeforewesolveit.7．Therearemanywonderfullegendsaboutthisfamoushero.8．Dogscandetectsoundsbeyondhumans'hearinglimit.9．Sharksintheseavaryinsizefromjust20centimetresto14metres.10．AsiaandEurope，beingtwodifferentareas，arelinkedtogetherbymountainsandrivers.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Noneofusisentirelyblameless(blame)inthismatter.2．I'mafraidsomethinghasbeenprimitively(primitive)programmed.3．Earlydetection(detect)ofcancersisveryimportant.4．Hehadarootless(root)childhoodmovingfromtowntotown.1．Thishappenswhenaplant，sayabeanplant，getsattackedbyinsects.这种沟通发生在某种植物，比如一棵豆秧，受到昆虫侵害的时候。2．Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots.有些植物用根发出响声。3．Achilliplantcantellifaneighbouringplantishelpful，orunfriendly.一棵辣椒秧可以辨别出邻近的植物是有益的还是不友好的。词语助读①mythn．(古代的)神话②legendn．传闻，传奇(故事)legendaryadj.传闻中的；特别闻名的③aswellas又，和，也(常用于连接两个并列的成分)④AlexandertheGreat亚历山大大帝[1]此处为“主语＋be＋said＋不定式”句型。⑤fantasyn．[U]幻想，想象[2]画线部分为with复合结构，其中that引导宾语从句，作believing的宾语。[3]本句中的it作句子的主语，无实际意义。appears是系动词，其后的that则引导一个表语从句。⑥revealvt.显示；透露；揭露revealthetruth/thesecret揭露真相/泄露隐私⑦chemicaln.[C]化学制品，化学品adj.化学的[4]本句中的it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面由that引导的从句。⑧releasevt.释放⑨detectv．发觉，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)detectiven．[C]侦探⑩driveaway赶跑，使离去⑪waspn．黄蜂⑫pesticiden.杀虫剂，农药⑬rootn．根⑭chillin．辣椒⑮tellvt.辨别，识别tellAfromB辨别A和BtellthedifferencebetweenAandB辨别出A与B的区分⑯indicatevt.&vi.表明；显示indicationn．[C，U]显示；表明；标示[5]此处when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”；indicating...arriving是现在分词短语作伴随状语。⑰linkv．把……联系起来；连接⑱insomeways在某种程度上[6]此处While为并列连词，表示对比关系，意为“而，然而”。⑲undergroundadv.在地下；adj.地下的⑳fungusn．真菌(复数fungi)fungaladj.真菌的；真菌引起的[7]此处是现在分词短语作方式状语。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))versionn.[C]型式，版本eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))cybercrimen．网络犯罪[8]画线部分为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句；此处介词in由先行词ways的搭配确定。原文呈现TheSecretLanguageofPlants1．Talkingplantshavelongbeenathingofmyths①andlegends②.Manycultureshavestoriesoftalkingtreesthatgiveadviceaswellas③warningstopeople.AlexandertheGreat④andMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.[1]Andinsomemodernstories，suchasthefilmAvatar，treescancommunicatewithanimalsandpeople.2．Withuslongbelievingthattalkingplantsarefantasy⑤[2]，newresearchhasrevealed⑥somethingamazing：itappearsthatplantscancommunicateafterall[3]．3．Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicals⑦tocommunicatewitheachother.[4]Thishappenswhenaplant，sayabeanplant，getsattackedbyinsects.Theplantreleases⑧tinyamountsofchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning，oracallforhelp：“I'mbeingattacked！”Whenanotherbeanplantdetects⑨thechemicalsfromitsinjuredneighbour，itstartstoreleaseitsown，differentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway⑩.Othersattractinsects—thewasps⑪！Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingthebeanplants.Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem，sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithoutpesticides⑫.4．Moresurprisingly，plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Peoplecan'thearthesesounds，butplantsaremakingthem.Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots⑬.Cornandchilliplantsdothis.Theyalso“listen”tothenoisesfromotherplants.Achilli⑭plantcantell⑮ifaneighbouringplantishelpful，orunfriendly.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater，indicating⑯droughtisarriving.[5]5．Mostsurprisinglyofall，plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlink⑰nearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe“woodwideweb”．Itisinsomeways⑱similartotheInternetweuse.WhiletheInternetisaworldwidenetworkofcomputerslinkedbycablesandsatellites[6]，thewoodwidewebislinkedunderground⑲byfungi⑳.Thisfungalnetworklinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.Usingthewoodwideweb[7]，plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.Forexample，somepinetreescansendfoodtosmallerpinetreestohelpthemgrow.ButjustlikeourownInternet，thewoodwidewebhasitsownversioneq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(21)))of“cybercrimeeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(22)))”．Plantscanstealfoodfromeachother，orspreadpoisonstoattackotherplants.Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea“firewall”tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.6．Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother[8]．Whoknows？Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto“talk”withthemourselves.译文参考植物的隐私语言1．会说话的植物许久以来都存在于神话和传闻当中。很多文化里都有会说话的树给人们警告和建议的故事。据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度参观过这样一棵树。在一些现代故事中，像电影《阿凡达》，树木可以与动物和人沟通。2．我们许久以来都认为，会说话的植物存在于幻想里，不过新的探讨揭示了惊人的发觉：植物还是可以进行沟通的。3．人们对植物运用化学物质相互沟通的了解已经有些时日了。这种沟通发生在某种植物，比如一棵豆秧，受到昆虫侵害的时候。受侵害的植物从正被啃食的叶