第01辑期末暑假 专题04 阅读理解议论文（提分策略+24高考3篇+24期终20篇）（教师版） 2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）

2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）第01辑：2024年期末考试暑假专辑专题04阅读理解议论文（提分策略+24高考3篇+24期终20篇）解析版目录技能专区1真题专区1模拟专区7技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货社会现象类议论文阅读解题技巧这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。1、浏览试题，明确要求。在阅读文章前，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。2、通读全文，抓住主要内容。在不影响理解的前提下，尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。阅读时，如遇到不熟悉的单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子，不要停下来苦思冥想，继续读下去，通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。3、抓住中心思想和段落大意。通读全文时，要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子，尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开头或结尾，插在中间的很少。所以，文章的第一段或开头的第一、二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述，因此要特别注意，彻底理解。4、有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息。在前面的基础上，可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过，而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读，还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来，逐条分析，综合判断，找出正确答案。5、进行合理的推理判断。对文章有了全面的了解之后，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系，做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候，需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。6、认真复读，验证答案。要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，并依次审核那些还未打上的题目，确保理解无误。真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！012024新高考I卷Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no.”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks–likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage–toonesthatrequirementalabstraction–suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies–say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A.Seemunlikelytolast. B.Seemhardtoexplain.C.Becomereadytouse. D.Becomeeasytonotice.29.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.30.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A.Theycanholdstudents’attention.B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.【答案】28.D29.A30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。28.词句猜测题。根据前文“Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“whenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shinethrough应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。29.推理判断题。根据第四段“Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说)”.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallowinghypothesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowinghypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。30.细节理解题。根据第五段“Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A项。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。02-2023全国乙卷Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented. B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.33.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific. B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C.HeruledoverBotanyBay. D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice.D.Society.35.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorld B.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100Objects D.HowArtWorksTellStories【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。32.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有过文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。33.推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.(理想情况下，历史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.(在英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。34.词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.(加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。35.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。03-2024全国甲卷“Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(悬疑小说).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—buitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.32.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A.Todiscussanovel. B.Tosubmitabookreport.C.Toargueforawriter. D.Toaskforareadinglist.33.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.34.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?AItsatisfiesreaders’taste. B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C.Itisusuallypositive. D.Itisopenforimagination.35.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists. B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine. D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于小说结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考，接着阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点，最后提出了写作好的结局的重要性并介绍了《Writer’sDigest》杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结尾。32.细节理解题。根据第一段““Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.(“我不喜欢这个结局，”我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候，我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治•艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论小说。故选A项。33.推理判断题。根据第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(悬疑小说).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.(这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本神秘小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了)”可知，见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结局。故选C项。34.推理判断题。根据第三段“Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.(但是写出结局——那很难。对作家来说很难，因为结局对读者来说意义重大。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但这个结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定)”可知，人们对一个好结局的期望是结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定，也就是符合故事的发展。故选B项。35.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.(这就是为什么这期《Writer’sDigest》旨在帮助你找出如何为你正在写的任何类型的作品写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，彼得•蒙特福德分解了六种技巧，你可以尝试看看哪一种能帮助你完美着陆。伊丽莎白•西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了哪些关键点，以及你如何将它们应用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得•蒙福德和伊丽莎白•西姆斯是为了强调这期《Writer’sDigest》的主题，即帮助读者写出更好的结尾。故选B项。模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！（23-24高二下·浙江温州·期末）“ChatGPTisacomputerprogramthatcanunderstandandrespondtotextlikeaperson.It’slikehavingaconversationwithaverysmartrobot,”saysChatGPT,anartificialintelligencetextgenerator.InNovemberof2022,thecomputerprogramChatGPTgeneratedsignificantpublicinterestacrosstheglobeforitsbroadapplicationsandcommercialvalue.ThisAImodeldemonstrateditsabilitytoperformavarietyoftasks,fromgeneratingbooksummaries,recommendations,andpersonalresearchassistance,todraftingcollegeSOPs,essays,andemails.AccordingtoEhsanHoque,AssociateProfessorofComputerScienceatUR,whiletheconceptsusedtobuildChatGPTarenotentirelynew,combiningthemwiththisAImodelmarksasignificantachievementinthefieldofAIengineering.Withthatbeingsaid,thesystemhasalsogeneratedcontentionoveritspossibleviolationofacademichonesty.TheuseofChatGPTforhomeworkassignmentsisagrowingconcernforprofessorsacrosstheglobe.TheUniversity,ontheotherhand,hasnotaddressedormadeastatementonthismatter.Therearepotentialacademicviolationsforhomeworkandexams.OnesuchcaseisProfessorofPoliticalScienceandBusinessDavidPrimo.HeenteredoneofhisprevioustestquestionsintoChatGPT,andChatGPTgotitexactlycorrect.Despiteconcerns,Primounderstandsthattheissueofacademichonestyisaconcernthathasexistedandwillexistforever.Hetalksaboutthisaswellasthemanyothernegativeusesoftheinternet,saying“Theinternetmakesiteasytospreadhatefulmessagesandpiratemusic,butdoyouwanttogobacktoatimewhereyoucouldn’tbankonline,orlistentomusiconline?”Primoalsopicturesthistechnologicaladvancementbeingintegratedintoclassesandassessmentsinthefuture.“UniversitiesshouldmoveslowlyhereandletfacultymembersexperimentwithvariousapproachestoAIandadapttoaworldofAI,”saidPrimo.1．Whatmakestheprogramagreatbreakthrough?A．Itsabilitytoperformvarioustasks.B．Itsachievementsinlearningtechnology.C．Itswideapplicationandcommercialvalue.D．ThecombinationofitsconceptandAImodel.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraphmean?A．dispute B．support C．disadvantage D．mistake3．WhatmightPrimoagreewithregardingtheuseofChatGPT?A．Itisadouble-edgedsword.B．Ithaslittleimpactonacademia.C．Itsadvantagesoutweighitsdisadvantages.D．Itshouldbeprohibitedforacademicintegrity.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ChatGPTdemonstratesitsgreatstrength.B．ChatGPTgeneratesgreatargument.C．ChatGPTarousessignificantpublicinterest.D．ChatGPTcausesthepotentialacademicviolations.【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文介绍了一种人工智能文本生成程序ChatGPT，它能像人一样理解和回应文本，如同与一个聪明的机器人对话。同时文章也揭露了由人工智能所引起的学术诚信的问题将会一直存在。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“AccordingtoEhsanHoque,AssociateProfessorofComputerScienceatUR,whiletheconceptsusedtobuildChatGPTarenotentirelynew,combiningthemwiththisAImodelmarksasignificantachievementinthefieldofAIengineering.(根据UR计算机科学副教授EhsanHoque的说法，虽然用于构建ChatGPT的概念并不是全新的，但将它们与人工智能模型相结合标志着人工智能工程领域的重大成就。)”可知，尽管构建ChatGPT的概念并不完全新，但将其与AI模型结合在一起在AI工程领域取得了重大成就。故选D。2．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的内容“…overitspossibleviolationofacademichonesty.(可能违反学术诚信。)”可知，这个系统也因可能违反学术诚信而引起了争论。故划线词与A选项“dispute(争论)”为同义词。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Primoalsopicturesthistechnologicaladvancementbeingintegratedintoclassesandassessmentsinthefuture.“UniversitiesshouldmoveslowlyhereandletfacultymembersexperimentwithvariousapproachestoAIandadapttoaworldofAI,”saidPrimo.(Primo还描绘了这种技术进步在未来被整合到课堂和评估中。Primo说：“大学应该在这方面慢慢行动，让教师们试验各种人工智能方法，适应人工智能的世界。”)”可知，Primo还描绘了这种技术进步在未来被整合到课堂和评估中。Primo认为大学应该在这方面慢慢行动，让教师们试验各种人工智能方法，适应人工智能的世界，由此推断，Primo认为ChatGPT的优点大于缺点。故选C。4．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Withthatbeingsaid,thesystemhasalsogeneratedcontentionoveritspossibleviolationofacademichonesty.(话虽如此，该系统也引发了可能违反学术诚信的争论。)”以及第四段中“Therearepotentialacademicviolationsforhomeworkandexams.(在家庭作业和考试中有潜在的学术违规。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了ChatGPT引起了很大的争论，特别是在学术诚信方面。B选项“ChatGPTgeneratesgreatargument.(ChatGPT产生了大量的争论。)”能概括全文。故选B。（23-24高二下·江苏·期末）ChatGPT,apowerfulAIchatbottool,hasswepttheworldinthepastmonths.Whileithasbeendominatingsocialmediawithitsfrighteninglygoodessays,ChatGPThasalsocausedbothexcitementandworriesineducation.AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1,000students,over89percentoftherespondentshadusedChatGPTtohelpwithahomeworkassignment.SomestudentsevengothighscoresthankstopaperswrittenbyChatGPT.SomeuniversitiesandschoolshavebannedtheuseofChatGPT,suchaspublicschoolsinNewYorkCity,CNNreported.Themovecomesalongwithgrowingconcernsthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatonassignmentsandbeusedtospreadinaccurateinformation.“Whilethetoolmaybeabletoprovidequickandeasyanswerstoquestions,itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingandproblem-solvingskills,whichareessentialforacademicandlifelongsuccess,”JennaLyle,thevicepresssecretaryoftheNewYorkCityDepartmentofEducation,saidinastatement.Apartfromstrictbans,teachersareredesigningtheircoursesinanattempttoblocktheuseofChatGPT.SomecollegeprofessorsintheUSarenowincludingmoreoralexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadoftypedones,TheNewYorkTimesreported.However,notalleducatorsaresaying“no”toChatGPT.SomeCanadianuniversitiesarenotplanningonbanningthetool.Instead,theyaredraftingpoliciesonitsproperusage,forbothstudentsandlecturers.BhaskarVira,vice-presidentforeducationatUniversityofCambridgeintheUK,saidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotsensible(合理的).“I’moftheopinionthatwehavetorecognizethatAIisatoolpeoplewillusebutthenadaptourlearning,teachingandexaminationprocessessothatwecancontinuetohaveintegrity(诚实)whilerecognizingtheuseofthetool,”hetoldVarsity,theschoolnewspaperoftheuniversity.Vira’sopiniononChatGPTissharedbyPetervanderPutten,assistantprofessoratLeidenUniversityintheNetherlands.“It’sthere,justhowlikeGoogleisthere.Youcanwriteitintoyourpoliciesforstoppingcheatingbutit’sarealitythatthetoolexists,”hetoldSkyNews.5．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanChatGPThelpstudentsdo?A．Enrichtheirschoollife. B．Handinbetterpapers.C．Improvetheirwritingskills. D．Spreadcorrectinformation.6．WhataretheprofessorsinUSdoingtocopewithChatGPT?A．Makingpoliciestobantheuseofthetool.B．Requiringstudentstowritepapersbyhand.C．Makinglawstorecognizetheuseofthetool.D．Preventingstudentsfromspreadinginaccurateinformation.7．WhichofthefollowingmayViraagreetoaboutusingChatGPT?A．Graspall,loseall. B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Nopains,nogains. D．Everycoinhastwosides.8．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ChatGPT:Ananswergiver? B．ChatGPT:Aperfecttool?C．ChatGPT:Ahomeworkdesigner? D．ChatGPT:Acheathelper?【答案】5．B6．B7．D8．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育界掀起了一场风暴以及教育界是如何应对的。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1,000students,over89percentoftherespondentshadusedChatGPTtohelpwithahomeworkassignment.SomestudentsevengothighscoresthankstopaperswrittenbyChatGPT.(美国一项针对1000多名学生的调查显示，超过89%的受访者曾使用ChatGPT来帮助完成家庭作业。一些学生甚至因为ChatGPT写的论文而获得了高分。)”可知，ChatGPT可以帮助学生们提交更好的论文，故选B。6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“SomecollegeprofessorsintheUSarenowincludingmoreoralexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadoftypedones,TheNewYorkTimesreported.(据《纽约时报》报道，美国一些大学教授现在增加了口试和手写试卷，而不是打字试卷。)”可知，为了解决ChatGPT带来的影响，美国一些大学教授现在增加了口试和手写试卷，故选B。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““I’moftheopinionthatwehavetorecognizethatAIisatoolpeoplewillusebutthenadaptourlearning,teachingandexaminationprocessessothatwecancontinuetohaveintegrity(诚实)whilerecognizingtheuseofthetool,”hetoldVarsity,theschoolnewspaperoftheuniversity.(“我的观点是，我们必须认识到人工智能是一种人们会使用的工具，但随后调整我们的学习、教学和考试过程，这样我们才能在认识到这种工具的使用的同时保持诚信，”他在接受该校校报《Varsity》采访时表示。)”可知，Vira的观点是，虽然ChatGPT导致了在大学教育中出现了如学生作弊的问题，但他认为必须要认识到人工智能是一种人们会使用的工具，在认识到这种工具的使用的同时保持诚信，调整我们的学习、教学和考试过程。由此推断他认为凡是都有两面性，故选D。8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ChatGPT,apowerfulAIchatbottool,hasswepttheworldinthepastmonths.Whileithasbeendominatingsocialmediawithitsfrighteninglygoodessays,ChatGPThasalsocausedbothexcitementandworriesineducation.(ChatGPT，一个强大的人工智能聊天机器人工具，在过去的几个月里席卷了全球。虽然ChatGPT凭借其出色的论文在社交媒体上占据了主导地位，但它也在教育领域引发了兴奋和担忧。)”以及通读全文可知，文章就人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育界掀起了一场风暴以及教育界是如何应对的而展开的，它对教育界带来的影响有利有弊，故B选项“ChatGPT:Aperfecttool?(ChatGPT：一个完美的工具？)”概括文章主题，故选B。（23-24高二上·江苏南通·期末）Howofteninyourbusylifewhenfacedwithanissueoraproblemdoyouconsidersubtraction(减法)?Everyday,withbigandsmallchallenges,weignoreabasicwaytomakethingsbetter.Wearegreatataddingtoour“todos”,butwedon’tconsider“stop-doings”.Wecollectnew-and-improvedideas,butdon’tdeletetheoutdatedones.Doyourresolutionsmoreoftenstartwith“Ishoulddomoreof…”thanwith“Ishoulddolessof…”?Doyouaddnewrulesinyourhouseholdorworkplacemoreoftenthanyoutakerulesaway?Inourstrivingtoimproveourlives,ourworkandoursociety,weoverwhelminglyadd.LeidyKlotz’sLegobridgetest,withtwosupporttowersofdifferingheights,foundthatalmosteveryoneaddedaLegobricktotheshortertower,ratherthanremovingabrickfromthelongertower.Thevalidsubtractionsolutionproducedastrongeroutcome.Whydoweignoretheoptiontosubtractfromwhatisalreadythere?Whydowefailtousesubtractionasawaytochangethings?Firstly,behaviouralsciencesuggeststhatourbrainsarewiredtoignoresubtraction.Initialstudiesshowthatourmentalshortcutshaveapreferenceforaddingwhensolvingproblem.Wearetrickedbyourmindset.Further,wehaveatendencytothinkadditionorsubtraction;however,theycanbecomplementary(互补的)waystomakechanges.Soweignoresubtractionbecauseitisoftenhardertothinkof.Moreover,evenwhenwedomanagetothinkofit,subtractingcanbehardertoperform.Inchemistry,valency(化合价)referstoanelementalforcethatisnotnecessarilyvisiblebuthelpsexplaintheelements’behaviour.Psychologicalvalencyistheinnerattractivenessorstrongdislikeofsomething.Thereisanegativevalencyaroundsubtracting.Eventhewordsubtractionhasanegative