第04辑一轮阅读 专题08 阅读理解文章大意专练15篇（满分攻略+高考真题+名校模拟）-2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）学生版

试卷第=page22页，共=sectionpages3535页2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）第04辑一轮阅读专题08阅读理解文章大意题专练15篇（攻略+真题+模拟）原卷版【文章大意题满分攻略】一、记叙文主旨大意题1.看首段和尾段，以尾段为主2.借助主题词或关键词归纳二、说明文和议论文主旨大意题1.看首段和每段段首句，以首段为主2.借助主题词或关键词归纳三、文章大意题错误选项典型错误一是“以偏概全”：选项范围太窄，只表达局部信息或某一细节，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意；二是“概括宽泛”：所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容；三是“无中生有”：即文章中根本未提到或者不是指定段落的大意。四、文章大意五种题型题型一：利用主题句在段首位置推敲段落大意技巧点拨：说明文和议论文学会关注“首段”和“段首”。借鉴“七选五”小标题类型特点，段首句统领全段主旨大意，由此推断段落大意。题型二：利用主题句在段中位置推敲段落大意技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段中某句，这就需要考生耐心阅读揣摩段落各句之间内在逻辑关系，确定主题句位置，进而明确段落主旨大意。题型三：利用主题句在段尾位置推敲段落大意技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段尾，关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词:in

brief/short,all

in

all,in

conclusion,

inaword等，这些词后面连接的通常是主题句。题型四：利用段落没有主题句推敲段落大意技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。题型五：利用“总-分-总”结构推敲语篇主旨大意题技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。五、文章大意题思维导图【文章大意题高考真题】【2024新课标II卷第31题】Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it’safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there’snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.28.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A.Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood. B.Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C.Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance. D.Itreliesonfarmer’smarkets.29.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A.Real-timeweatherchanges. B.Currentconditionoftheplants.C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D.Availabilityofpre-seededpods.30.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.DTheyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.BMF’smajorstrengths. B.BMF’sgeneralmanagement.C.BMF’sglobalinfluence. D.BMF’stechnicalstandards.【2020新课标II卷第27题】Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(认知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents’income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋转)andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?A.Buildingconfidence. B.Developingspatialskills.C.Learningself-control. D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?A.Parents’age. B.Children’simagination.C.Parents’education. D.Child-parentrelationship.26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amathematicalmethod. B.Ascientificstudy.C.Awomanpsychologist. D.Ateachingprogram.【文章大意题名校模拟】【文章大意题专练01】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·开学考试）Students’social-emotionalskillsarepositivelycorrelatedwiththeirreadingandmathperformance,accordingtoastudybyBranchingMinds,aned-techcompany.Itfoundthat60-70percentofstudentswhowereidentifiedasneedingadditionalsocial-emotionalsupportwerealsoidentifiedasneedingadditionalacademicsupport.Tounderstandthelinksbetweensocial-emotionallearning(SEL)andacademicoutcomes,thestudyanalyzedstudentscreeningassessmentsforsocial-emotionalskillsandreadingandmathperformanceofnearly4,000K-8studentsinthe2021-22schoolyear.Thestudy’sfindingsareinlinewithpreviousresearchthatshowssocial-emotionallearninghasapositiveimpactonstudents’academicachievement,butthere’sstillagapinunderstandinghowthosepiecesofdataaboutacademicandsocial-emotionalstrengthsshouldbeintegratedandusedtogethertocreateinterventionplansforstudents.Thestudyalsofoundthatsocial-emotionalskillsmayactas“aprotectivefactor”forsomestudentsperformingbelowacademicstandards,meaningthatstudents’social-emotionalstrengthscouldbeusedtoboosttheiracademicachievement,saidEssieSutton,thedirectoroflearningscienceatBranchingMinds.Therefore,“itwouldbebeneficialforeducatorstothinkaboutmorecombinedsupportplansforstrugglingstudents,”sheadded.Forexample,ifastudentisstrugglingwithreading,butheisverysocial,“howcanwebuildthatintoasupportplan,andperhapsmakethesetargetedorindividualizedreadingsupportgroupsmoresocialandplaytothatstrengththattheyhave?”Perhapsthestudentcouldtakeontheroleofteacherandexplainsomethingtotheirpeersinordertohelpthempracticereadingcomprehension,aswellassocialskills,Suttonsaid.Inthestudy,itisrecommendedthatresultsfromacademic,social-emotional,andbehavioralscreenersshouldbeusedwhendevelopinginterventionplansforstudents.“It’sreallyimportanttolookatstudents’strengthsandneedscomprehensively,”Suttonsaid.Todothat,districtandschoolleadersshouldensurethattheiracademic,behavioral,andsocial-emotionalsupportteamsworktogetherandthatallstakeholders-students,parents,andteachers-arepartoftheprocessofcreatinginterventionplans.1.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byinterviewingstudents. B.Bycarryingoutexperiments.C.Byconductingdataanalysis. D.Byreferringtothepreviousdata.2.Whyistheexamplementionedinparagraph5?A.Toattachgreatimportancetosocialskills.B.Tonarrowthegapofthepreviousresearch.C.Toexplainsocialskillscanprotecteveryone.D.Toadvocatetheintegratedsupportstrategies.3.Whatmatterswhendesigninginterventionstrategiesaccordingtothepassage?A.Cooperation. B.Assessment. C.Flexibility. D.Individuality.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theprospectofapplyingsocialemotionalskills.B.TheeffectsSELskillshaveonacademicperformance.C.Themethodstodevelopstudents’SELskillstothefull.D.Theusefulinterventionplansforacademicperformance.【文章大意题专练02】（23-24高三下·安徽蚌埠·期中）Assomeonewhooftenmansthe24-hourhotline,I’maccustomedtoearlymorningcallsreportingvariousmarinemammalstrandings(搁浅).Evenstill,IdoubtwhetherIcouldhavefullypreparedforthiscall.August9at8:01amwasthefirsttimemyjawphysicallydroppedwhenmanningthehotline.Theharbormasterreported30strandeddolphinsinoneofthetrickiestareasofWellfleet.Iimmediatelysentallworkerswehadandsentoutthecallforanyadditionalhelpwecouldgather.OurteamgatheredatourRescueOperationsCenter,grabbingallthespecializedequipmentwepossiblycould.Ourtrainedvolunteerrespondersarrivedonthesceneshortlyaftertheinitialreporttogivemeupdatedinformation—45dolphinsintotal,43ofwhichwerealive.Withastrandingthislarge,itwasn’tfeasibletopullall43animalsfromthemud,getthemtoourmobileveterinaryclinic,andtransportthemforreleaseatamorefavorableopen-oceanlocationallbeforethetidecamein.Thedaywasgettinghotter,andtheanimalswerealreadysufferingfrombothheatandsunexposure.Upongettingonthescene,therewasnotimetoreacttothesheerchaosthatlayahead.Afteraquickscanofthesituation—45animalswidelydistributed,onlyafewstaffmembersandseveralvolunteers—therewasn’tasecondmoretowait.Webeganthehardprocessofgettingasmanyanimalsaswecouldintospecialslings(吊带),ontothecart,andoffthemarshasquicklyaspossible.Thiswasnotwithoutitsownchallenges.Themudtrappedandenvelopedourfeet,addingweightwitheachstep,mostanimalswerehighlyfractious(易怒的)whenapproached,andtheheatbecameunbearableindrysuits.Butnoneofthatwasgoingtostopusfromdoingallwecouldfortheseanimals.1.HowdidtheauthorreacttothecallonthemorningofAugust9?A.Hethoughtitwasajoke. B.Hewasshockedtothebone.C.Hedidn’ttakeitseriously. D.Hewasatalosswhattodo.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inparagraph2mean?A.Efficient. B.Practical. C.Urgent. D.Remarkable.3.Whatmadeachallengetotheauthor’steam?A.Thetidewascominginveryquickly.B.Itwashardtofindanopen-oceanlocation.C.Thevolunteersfailedtocontacteachother.D.Therewasdeepmudaroundtowalkthrough.4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Arescueeffort. B.Avolunteerprogram.C.Afestiveactivity. D.Acharityorganization.【文章大意题专练03】（2024·陕西榆林·一模）WhenIwasaboy,therewasbutonepermanentambitionamongmycomradesinourvillageonthewestbankofMississippiRiver.Thatwas,tobeasteamboatman.Wehadtemporaryambitionsofothersorts,buttheywereonlytemporary.Myfatherwasajusticeofthepeace,andIsupposedhepossessedthepoweroflifeanddeathoverallmenandcouldhanganybodythatoffendedhim.Thiswasdistinctionenoughformeasageneralthing;butthedesiretobeasteamboatmankeptintruding(闯入),nevertheless.Oneofourboysintown,whowentawayandwasnotheardofforalongtime,turnedupasanapprenticeengineeronasteamboat.ThisthingshookthebottomoutofallmySunday-schoolteachings.Thatboywasnotoriouslyworldly,andIwasjusttheopposite.Therewasnothinggenerousaboutthisfellowinhisgreatness.Hewouldalwaysmanagetohavearustynailtoscrubwhilehisboatstoppedatourtown,andhewouldsitontheinsideguardandscrubit,wherewecouldallseehim.Andwhereverhisboatwaslaiduphewouldcomehomeandshowoffinthetowninhisblackestandgreasiestclothes,sothatnobodycouldhelprememberingthathewasasteamboatman;andheusedallsortsofsteamboattechnicaltermsinhistalk,asifheweresousedtothemthatheforgotcommonpeoplecouldnotunderstandthem.Thiscreature’scareercouldproducebutoneresult,anditwasspeedilyfollowed.Boyafterboymanagedtogetontheriver.Despitemanychoices,pilotwasthegrandestpositionofall.Thepilot,eveninthosedaysoftrivialwages,hadaprincelysalary—from150-250dollarsamonth,andnoboardpayment.Butourparentswouldnotletusandourworrywasthatthenextyearwouldfindushuntingforjobswithlowpayagain.SobyandbyIranaway.IsaidIneverwouldcomehomeagaintillIwasapilotandcouldcomeinglory.1.Whydoesthewritermentionhisfather’sjobinParagraph2?A.Toshowthathisfatherwasinpower. B.Toshowthathisfatheriscruel.C.Toemphasizethejobheprefers. D.Toemphasizehisloveforhisfather.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestconcludethewriter’sattitudetowardtheboy?A.Hethoughttheboywasmaterialbutpitiful.B.Hethoughttheboywasannoyingbutstillenviedhim.C.Hethoughttheboywasshallowbutknowledgeable.D.Hethoughttheboywasgoodbutstilldislikedhim.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theboytalkedinawaytomakeothersfeeljealous.B.Theboy’sexperiencemadeotherboyslikehim.C.Thepilot’ssalarywasrelativelyhighbutwithoutmealscovered.D.Theboymadehischildhooddreamcometrue.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Parents’interferencewithchildren’scareer. B.Theboy’spassionforhisidealjob.C.Theboy’ssharpjealousyofhisbrother. D.Lowpaymentofsteamboatman.【文章大意题专练04】（2024·陕西安康·模拟预测）InthesceniccoastalcityofCornwall,LizziLarbalestierhasbecomeabeaconofhopeformarine(海洋的)wildlife.AsacommittedvolunteerforBritishDiversMarineLifeRescue(BDMLR),herjourneybeganwithtransformingherAirbnb,anonlineplatformthatallowspeopletorentouttheirhomesoraccommodationstotravelers,intoatemporaryhavenforinjuredseals.Thiseffortcameastheresultoftheincreasingincidentsofmarineanimalssufferingfromhuman-relatedinjuriesandthelackofspecializedcarefacilitiesintheregion.Recognizingtheurgentneedforamorepermanentsolution,Lizzi,alongsideherhusbandandateamofcommittedvolunteers,establishedafullyequippedsealhospital.Thisfacility,nowinitsthirdyearofoperation,hasexpandeditscapacitytotenpensandispreparedtorecoveraround100sealsannually.Thehospitalcaterstoavarietyofcases:sealsinjuredbyboatsorcaughtinfishinggear(用具),youngpupsseparatedfromtheirmothers,andyoungsealsweakenedbypoornutrition.Eachanimalreceivespersonalizedcare,rangingfrombasicfirstaidtoextensiverecoveryprograms.Afterinitialtreatment,sealsareoftenmovedtolargerrecoverycentersforfurthercarebeforetheirreleasebackintothewild.Lizzi’scommitmenttomarineconservationextendsbeyondsealrescue.SheisanactiveparticipantinenvironmentalcampaignslikeSurfersAgainstSewageandGhostnetbuster.HertirelesseffortswererecognizedwhenshereceivedtheAnimalActionAwardfromtheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfare.LizziowesthesuccessofBDMLR’soperationstothecollectiveeffortofallvolunteers,emphasizingtheimportanceofteamworkinachievingtheirconservationgoals.TheBDMLRteamalsorespondstoemergenciesinvolvingothermarinewildlife,likewhalesanddolphins.Lizzirecallsseveralsuccessfuloperations,includingtherescueofstranded(搁浅的)dolphinsandaturtlethatrequiredspecializedcare.Lizzi’sstoryisnotjustaboutrescuingmarineanimals;it’saproofofthepowerofcommunityinvolvementandtheimpactofindividualsonenvironmentalconservation.1.WhatinspiredLizzitoprotectthemarinewildlife?A.Oneofhertripstotheseaside. B.IncreasingprofitsfromherAirbnb.C.Herloveforthemarinecreatures. D.Moreandmoreinjuredmarineanimals.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthesealhospitalfromParagraph2?A.Ithasbeeninoperationforfiveyears.B.Itprovidesaseparatespaceforeachseal.C.Itisthelargestrecoverycenterinthearea.D.Itofferstemporaryhelptoinjuredanimals.3.WhatmessagedoesBDMLR’ssuccessconveyaccordingtoLizzi?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Everycloudhasasilverlining. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aprofessionalguidetosealrescue.B.Challengesofmarinewildliferecovery.C.ThejourneyofamarineliferescuerinCornwall.D.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesonmarineecosystems.【文章大意题专练05】（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）Whenheflaggedmedown,Ithoughthewasaneldercollectinga“customsfee”,thefewdollarsitcoststousevillageroadsthatleadtomanyofSamoa’ssights.He’dbeensittinglazilyinagreyingroadsideshack(棚子)builtforsuchoccasions.NormallyIwouldn’tpickupafreerider.ButItriedtoliveoutadream.I’dwantedtogotoPulemeleiMoundsinceI’dhearditmentionedinanarchaeologyclassyearsago.The“mound”isactuallyapyramid40feethighandroughly200feetacrossatitsbase.So,Iasked,“DoyouknowhowtogettoPulemeleiMound?”“Mmm,”hesaid,raisinghiseyebrowsintheclassicPolynesiangesturefor“yes”.“Ineedtopickupmycaratthemechanicbutnohurry,I’lltakeyoutherefirstifyouwant.”You’dthinkthatagiantpyramidwouldbeamajorsight,oratleastsomethingmanypeoplehadheardof,butitisn’t.Myaccidentalfriend’sraiseoftheeyebrowswasthemostpromisingprospectI’dhadinaweek.Wedrovealongtheroadinsilenceforafewminutes.Thenmynewfriendbrokethesilenceand,meanwhile,myhopes.“I’veneverbeentoPulemelei,”hesaid.“I’velivedherebutIneverthoughtofgoing.”Myheartsank.Butwepressedon,crossingastream,walkingthroughwaist-highgrass,andthenanothermileofhotwalkuntilwefoundasign.There,barelyvisible,werethewords:“PulemeleiMound150m”.Thesignmarkedadarktunnelofjungle.Thenthepathopenedtoraysofsunshine.Weclimbed.Andthen,magic.WewerestandingontopofaPolynesianpyramid.Justthen,myfriend,obviouslyawedbywhathesaw,turnedtowardme,andplacedhisbigSamoanhandsonmyshoulders.Inthemostnaturalway,hebentdownandkissedmegentlyonthecheek.“Thankyou,”hesaid.1.What’sthepurposeoftheSamoanmanflaggingmedown?A.Tothumbaride. B.Toaskfordirections.C.Tocollectacustomsfee. D.Towarnofaroadaccident.2.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Informedbutrigid. B.Hesitantbutagreeable.C.Skepticalandreserved. D.Curiousandadventurous.3.WhydidtheSamoanmanthanktheauthorintheend?A.Hehadlivedouthisdream. B.Hewastakentothemechanic.C.Heenjoyedtheauthor’scompany. D.Heexperiencedthethrillofdiscovery.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.APolynesianvillage. B.AfamousSamoansight.C.Achanceencounter. D.Anelderprotectinglocalroads.【文章大意题专练06】（2024·四川·模拟预测）Childrencomewithincreasedworry,anxietyandalsomakeforaseeminglyendlessstateofexhaustionfortheirparents.However,theyalsobringjoyandlovetoaparent’slife.Mostparentswantnothingmorethanfortheirchildrentosucceedandbehappy,includingwhenthosechildrenareintheirearly70s.SamKaplanisnowacollegegraduate,havingobtainedanundergraduatedegreeincinemaandmediaartsfromGeorgiaGwinnettCollege.Samisalso72yearsoldandthefirstofhissevensiblingstoearnadegree.WhenSamwalkedacrossthestagetoaccepthisdegree,hehadsomeonespecialinattendancetocheerhimon:his99-year-oldmother.Beforetheceremony,Samtoldtheschoolthathismotherwouldnotmissitfortheworld,waslookingforwardtoitandwasbeamingwithprideoverherson’saccomplishment.Sam’sjourneytoacollegedegreecameafterearninghishighschooldiplomain1969.Afterbecomingahighschoolgraduate,henevergavehighereducationmuchconsideration.Instead,Samenteredtheworkforce.Hehashadseveraljobs.He’sbeenataxidriverandworkedincustomerserviceforawholesaledistributorofelectronics.Samevenranatelemarketingandacleaningcompany.Samisalsoawriter,beingtheauthoroftwobooks.ItwasSam’swritingambitionsthatultimatelyledhimtobecomeacollegegraduate.“Iwasridingdownthehighwayandheardontheradiotheywereofferingthisdegree,”Samsaid.ThenextexitwasCollinsville,soIexitedoffandfiveminuteslater,Iwasregisteringforclass.”Samalsoaddedthathehopedtoturnhisbooksintoscreenplaysafterhereceivedhisdegree.We’resureSam’smotherwasabsolutelyoverthemoontoseeherchildobtainacollegedegreeafteralltheseyears.Congratulations,Sam!1.Whatdoweknowaboutmostparentsfromparagraph1?A.Theyexpectlovefromtheirchildren. B.Theyaresatisfiedwiththeirchildren.C.Theyprefertolivewiththeirchildren. D.Theyhopetheirchildrenliveabrilliantlife.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beaming”meaninparagraph3?A.Smiling. B.Sympathizing. C.Regreting. D.Suspecting.3.WhatinspiredSamtobecomeacollegestudent?A.Hismother’sencouragement. B.Histoughworkingexperiences.C.Hispreferenceofstudyingatschool. D.Hispursuitofthewritingcareer.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.A99-year-oldmom’sdreamcametrue. B.99-year-oldmomcheerson72-year-oldson.C.A72-year-oldmangetsinspirationfromwriting. D.Acollegehostsaceremonyforan72-year-oldman.【文章大意题专练07】（2024·江苏南通·一模）Usingabrain-trainingapphelpspeopleeatlessjunkfoodandloseweight,newresearchsuggests.TheFoodTrainer(FoodTapp)trainspeopletotaponimagesofhealthyfoodsbuttostopwhentheyseeunhealthysnacks,creatinganassociationbetweenthesefoodsandstopping.Thenewstudy,bytheuniversitiesofExeterandHelsinki,foundthatplayingthegameaboutonceadayforamonthledtoanaverageone-pointreductionofjunkfoodconsumptiononaneight-pointscale(thescalerangesfromfourormoreitemsperday,tooneorzeroitemspermonth).Abouthalfofthestudy’s1,234participantsfollowedtherecommendationandplayedthegameatleast10times.Acrossallparticipants,anaverageweightlossofhalfakilogramandasmallincreaseinhealthyfoodeatenwasseen.“Forexample,someonewhoateeachjunkfoodfourtimesaweekreducedthistotwiceaweekafterusingtheappregularlyforamonth,andthentoonceaweek.Overall,thefindingsarereallyencouraging”saidProfessorNataliaLawrence.“Theappisfreeanditonlytakesaboutfourminutesperday.Soit’ssomethingpeoplerealisticallycando.”“There’ssomeevidencethatthebenefitswerestrongerforpeoplewhoweremoreoverweight.Wewouldexpecttoseethis,becausetheapptargetsmechanismsthatleadpeopletobecomeoverweight,suchasthestrongurgestoapproachandconsumeinvitingjunkfoods.”CO-researcherDrMatthiasAulbachadded.“Ifyou’retryingtoteachthebrainsomethingnew,it’sagoodideatospaceoutthelearningovermultiplesessions,”saidDrAulbach.Itmaybehelpfultodothetrainingindifferentcontexts—notjustathomebutatworkandelsewhere,sotheassociationsyoulearndon’tjustrelatetoonelocation.Theresearchersstressthattheirfindingsshouldbeinterpretedfullyandthatfurtherstudyisneeded,becausetherewasnocontrolgroupandotherfactorscouldplayapartintheresults,suchasthepossibilitythatpeoplewhodidmoretrainingwerealsoseparatelymoremotivatedtoloseweight.1.HowdoesFoodThelpuserseatlessjunkfoodandloseweight?A.Byhavingnegativereactionstojunkfood.B.Bymakinghealthy-eatingplansforthem.C.Byturningtheirattentiontovideogames.D.Byrecommendinghealthyfoodstothem.2.WhatcanbeknownaboutFoodT?A.Itisaccessibleonlimitedoccasions.B.Itspeciallytargetsunhealthypeople.C.Itfollowsagradualweight-lossmode.D.Itencouragespeopletotakemoreexercise.3.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardtheirfindings?A.Concerned. B.Critical. C.Confident. D.Cautious.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anappsettinganewtrendinexercising.B.Anapporiginatingfromamobilegame.C.Anappassistingpeopleineatingless.D.Anapphelpingpeoplereduceweight.【文章大意题专练08】（2024·浙江嘉兴·一模）“Arewealoneintheuniverse?That’sthekeyquestionwe’retryingtoanswerhere,”MeenakshiWadhwa,aplanetaryscientist,tellsherclass.Assheexplains,onestudenttakesnoteswhileanotherholdsupaniPhonetotakeaphotooftheslides.InmanywaysthislecturehallatArizonaStateUniversityislikeanyother.Agroupofenthusiasticwomensitattentivelyinthefrontrow;themenarespreadoutintheback.Butthehearingaidssuggesthowunusualthisclassis.Mirabella,a20-storey“universityretirementcommunity”onASU’scampus,ishometoover300retiredpeople.Whenitwasopenedin2020,thesenior-livingfacilitywasnearlyfullysubscribed.Mostresidentsarehavingaball.Theycanattendthesameclassesandculturaleventsasstudents,butwiththedistinctbenefitofnothavingtotakeexams.Intheirdorms,facilitiesincludeanartstudio,apoolandgym,andagamesroom.Onlythesecondfloorfeelsinstitutional,withamemory-carecentreandroomsforresidentswhoneedround-the-clockattention.Thisispartofawidertrend.Anestimated85collegesinAmericaarenowconnectedtoseniorlivingcommunities.Withmorethan10,000babyboomers(生育高峰期出生的人)inAmericaturning65everyday,theopportunityforalternativeformsofretirementislarge.Comparedwithpreviousgenerations,boomersarewealthy,educatedandpicky.Theywanttoremainactiveandnotlockedaway.Thesewishescanallbemetonauniversitycampus.Foruniversities,welcomingpensioners(领退休金者)canmakesensetoo.Nationally,undergraduateenrolmentdroppedfromover18min2010tobelow16min2022.Asforwhattodowiththeextraspace,thesmartestones,AndrewCarleatGeorgetownUniversitysays,provideacontinuumofcare—includingfortheverylaststageoflife.“Thecharityistheicingonthecake,”hesaysofthepotentialthatresidentswillincludeuniversitiesintheirwills.1.Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopic?A.Byraisingaquestion. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byofferinganexplanation. D.Bygivingadescription.2.Whyareuniversityretirementcommunitieswell-received?A.Theyprovidefreemedicalcar B.Theyhavevariousresearchfacilities.C.Theyallows