2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature泛读知识细解码学案外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit5Revealingnature1．seedn．种子，籽→seedlessadj.无籽的2．evolvev．进化→evolutionn．进化3．suspectv．猜想，怀疑，觉得→suspectedadj.被怀疑的4．generatev．产生，创建→generationn．产生distantadj.遥远的；久远的；不同的；恍惚的1．Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory. 久远的2．Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown. 不同的3．Therewasadistantlookinhereyes；hermindwasobviouslyonsomethingelse. 恍惚的WordsandPhrases学问要点1distantadj.遥远的(教材P50)Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．“贝格尔号”船长须要聘请一个人，此人能“有机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。[例]Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.从电话里听起来帕特特别冷淡和疏远。[学问拓展](1)be(＋距离)distantfromsth. 离某物(……)远(2)distancen. 距离atadistance 隔一段距离；距离稍远inthedistance 在远处at/fromadistanceof... 在/从……远的地方keepsb.atadistance 对……冷淡；与……疏远distanceoneselffrom 使远离；使疏远[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromadistance(distant)oftwomiles，whilemineistenmilesdistantfromhishouse.②Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetres，sowegotlost.③Hethrewthestonewithallhisstrengthanditfellintoapondinthedistance(在远处)．[小片段填空]Wecanseethewaterfallinthedistance，whosesoundcanbeheardatadistanceoftwomiles.Itlooksquitebeautifulfromadistance，Ithink.我们可以望见远处的瀑布，它的声音在两英里远的地方就能听见。我认为从远处看它很美丽。学问要点2answerthecall响应号召(教材P50)Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.来应聘的人不是船长的首选。[例]Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.这个年轻人响应号召，参军保卫祖国。[学问拓展]answerthephone/acall 接听电话answerthedoor 开门，应门answercriticism/charges/accusation 就指责/指控/指责等作出回应answeraneed 满意需求answeradescription 与描述相符[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Ikeptringingthebell，butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.②Amananswering(answer)thepolice'sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.③Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?有人指责你们的政府没有为无家可归的人供应任何帮助，你对此有何回应？学问要点3beadisgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事(教材P50)What'smore，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”．更有甚者，他最近收到了父亲的一封信，信中预言他将是“他和全家的耻辱”。[例]Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.他是这家医院的耻辱和尴尬。[学问拓展](1)disgracev． 使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱；使名誉扫地； 使失势；使失去地位(2)indisgrace 很不讨人喜爱bringdisgraceon 使……蒙羞thereisnodisgraceindoingsth. 做某事不丢脸[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①MumtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.②Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.③Therewasnodisgraceinfinishing(finish)fourth.④Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.你是医学界的耻辱。学问要点4leadto引起，导致；通向(教材P50)Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.尽管如此，他在这艘船上的冒险经验将导致有史以来最重要的科学发觉之一。[例]Excuseme，doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?请问，这条路通向火车站吗？[学问拓展]leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事leadsb.to/into... 领着某人去/进入……leadahappylife 过着华蜜的生活inthelead 领先，处于首位takethelead 带头[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.②Thestudentswereledintothemuseum，mostofthemwithanotebook.③Theyleadabusyandcolourfullifeonthecampus.④Itisreportedthatthediscoveryofnewevidencehadledtothethiefbeingcaught．据报道，新证据的发觉导致小偷被抓住。学问要点5inquestion正被探讨的；有疑问，不确定(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist，fascinatedbyrocks，plantsandanimals.所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯·达尔文，是一位地质学家和博物学家，对岩石、植物和动物都着迷。[例]Inmyopinion，you'dbetterkeepyourdistancefromthemaninquestion.依我看，你最好离那个被探讨的人远一点。[学问拓展]outofquestion(＝withoutquestion) 没问题outofthequestion 不行能，无法接受[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Herversionofeventswasacceptedwithoutquestion.②Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.③Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion．今年再度出国旅行是绝不行能的。学问要点6becrowdedwith堆满，挤满(教材P51)AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间后，他船上的房间里塞满了他收集的动植物样本。[例]Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。[学问拓展]crowdedadj. 拥挤的crowdn．&v. 人群/拥挤；聚集acrowdof/crowdsof... 一大群……，很多crowdin(onsb.) 涌上(心头)，涌入(脑海)crowdintoone'smind 涌上某人的心头crowdinto... 大批涌入(狭小的空间)[即学即练]单句语法填空/一句多译①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.②Thismorning，thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.④他突然有了一个想法：建设另一条高速马路就能解决问题。a．Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.b．Athoughtcrowdedinonhimthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.[名师点津]crowd可用作名词，译作“人群，大众”，在句中作主语时，谓语动词接单数或复数对待均可，thecrowd“老百姓，大众”。学问要点7(教材P51)Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?或许动物是随着适应环境的改变而进化的？(1)evolvev．进化；发展[例]Eachschoolmustevolveitsownwayofworking.每个学校必需形成自己的办学方式。[学问拓展](1)evolvefrom 从……进化；从……渐渐形成evolveinto 渐渐演化，逐步发展(2)evolutionn. 进化(论)；演化[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Heisinterestedintheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputeroverthepast30years.②Allinall，atleastatthisstage，it'sunlikelythatonlinelearningwillevolveintothedominantformofeducation.③TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheroom.这种想法是从我在房间里发觉的一幅画得到启发的。(2)adaptto适应，适合[例]Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.我们必需通过持续不断的学习来适应新改变。[学问拓展](1)adapt...to... 使……适应或适合……adapt...from... 依据……改编或改写adapt...for... 改编或改作……之用(2)adaptableadj. 能适应的，适应性强的adaptationn. 改编(本)，改造；适应[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.②HaveyouwatchedtheTVseriesadaptedfromhisnovelofthesamename?③Mike，MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.④Isuggestedhe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建议他应当使自己适应新的环境。学问要点8suspectv．猜想，怀疑，觉得(教材P51)Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.达尔文认为这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿。[例]Heistheprimesuspectinthecase.他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。[学问拓展]suspectthat... 认为/猜想/觉得……suspectsb.tobe... 怀疑某人是……suspectsb.of(doing)sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Whathesaidsoundedreasonable，butIsuspectedittobe(be)alie.②Thedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.③Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingstolenthemoney?你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？SentencePattern重点句式so...that...句型(教材P51)ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.但是达尔文的科学探讨特别令人信服，结果越来越多的人起先信任他的理论。句式分析：句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。[例]Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他气得说不出话。[学问拓展]so＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词＋that...,形容词＋a（n）＋单数名词＋that...,many/much/few/little（少的）＋名词＋that...))sucheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(a（n）＋形容词＋单数名词＋that...,形容词＋复数可数名词/不行数名词＋that...))[即学即练]单句语法填空/一句多译①ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.②TheshopsellssuchexpensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothingthere.③Hegavemesolittletimethatitwasimpossibleformetofinishtheworkontime.④他是这样好的人，我们不能怪他。a．He'ssuchagoodpersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.b．He'ssogoodapersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.(教材P51)WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835，Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies，butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.[分析]本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句，but后面是一个强调句，强调主语thebirds。[译文]1835年，当“贝格尔号”到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了很多新物种，但最令他感爱好的是鸟类。教材高考1.Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．(2024·天津卷)Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers，hand­helddevices，orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.2.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments？(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Agroupofsea­dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.3.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Togrowcrops，youhavetolearnhowtosowtheseeds(seed)．2．Theycollectseveralbloodsamples(sample)foranalysisatanationallaboratory.3．Thekeynotespeechisabouttheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputer.4．Itwassuspected(suspect)thathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.5．Thestonetoolsindicatetheearlyculturalcapabilitiesofourhumanancestors(ancestor)．6．Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(generate)．7．TheswimmerwassenthomefromtheOlympicsindisgrace.8．Thetraditionalcrosstalkhasalonghistory，dating(date)backtotheQinDynasty.9．Thechildrenwatched，fascinated(fascinate)，asthepicturebegantoappear.10．Itwasinasmallvillageinthesouththathespenthischildhood.Ⅱ.短语填空answerthecall，beadisgrace，beginwith，leadto，ofalltime，becrowdedwith，besimilarto，lookfor，accordingto，beregardedas1．NotonlyisyourmarkinEnglishadisgrace，butyouhaveevenfailedinmathematics.2．Heisregardedasthemostsuccessfulmusicianofmoderntimes.3．Airports，railwaystationsandlong­distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturners.4．Hesaiddroughthadledtoseverecropfailureforthesecondyearrunning.5．Asasayinggoes，ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswiththefirststep.6．Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.7．RobertoBaggiowassettobecomeoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime．8．Letussupposeanotherplanetwithconditionsissimilartothoseontheearth.9．Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan，thefirstconcertwillbeonTuesdayevening.10．Youmusthavefallenasleep，becauseittookyoualongtimetoanswerthecall．Ⅲ.课文语法填空AsayoungmanCharlesDarwinwasregardedas1.adisgracetohimselfandhisfamily.H