牛津译林七年级语法总结

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载7A语法总结一般现在时第一，动词be的三变化amisare.我（I）用am,你（you）用are,is用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are句型结构：肯定句：主语+am\is\are…Itisafootball.否定句：主语+am\is\are+not…Itisnotafootball.一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+其他？Isitafootball?回答Yes,itis.No,itisn’t特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are+主语+其他？What’syourname?用be动词的适当形式填空1、She________mycousin.Hername_______LiJie.2、TomandI________goodfriends3、What_____thisinEnglish？It______abook4、________youJack?Yes,I_______5、What________those?They______hisnotebooks.第二，行为动词的一般现在时行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他）当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it）时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记;主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es添；基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。行为动词的一般现在时的变化否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他Idon’tlikebread.Hedoesn’toftenplayfootball.一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Iam/No,IamnotDoesheoftenplayfootball?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？Whendoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolatseveno’clock.动词的三单形式的变化：动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加SS,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es词尾若是字母o,加上-es不用愁。词尾是“辅音字母+y”,先变y为i,后边再加-es巩固练习：用动词的适当形式填空1.Ilike____________(swim).2.He_________(read)Englisheveryday.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.Mymother________(like)______(go)shopping.6.Ican________(draw)manybeautifulpictures.7.She_________(make)amodelplane.8.Doyou________(like)_________(run)?9.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump)?10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?11.Theteachers________(like)___________(dance).12.Theteacher________(like)____________(dance).13.Thestudents___________(speak)Englishinclass.14.Thestudent_________(speak)Chineseafterclass.15.Let's____________andplayfootball.(go)二、人称代词人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Giveittome.

Let’sgo(let’s=letus)人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit三、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Isthisyourbook?No,，itisn’t，it’shers(herbook)Thispenismine.巩固练习：1.__________ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit__________.(she)2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry._________isintheeastofAsia.(its)3.Whatdayis__________today?—__________isThursday.(its)4.WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof____.(we)5.Iownabluebike.Theredoneisn’t__________.(I)6.Thesenewhousesaresonice.__________areveryexpensive.(them)7.Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didn’t__________?(them)LingLingisagirl.____studiesinaprimaryschool.______brotherliveswith____andhelps____with______lessons.(she)9.Mikeismyclassmate.____isgoodatEnglish.(his)10.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto____?(she)11.What’stheweatherliketoday?____iscloudy.(its)12.Iateall____sandwichesyesterday.(I)CanIhaveoneof____?(you)13.Georgehaslost____(his)pen.AskMaryif(是否)shewilllendhim____.(she)14.JackhasadogandsohaveI.____(he)dogand____(I)hadafight(打架).15.Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof____(he)四，介词in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”，还有时间段，年、月、季节；On指特定的某一天，日期，星期和具体的节日At用在时刻前，还有正午，午夜和表示一段时间的节日巩固练习：

Children

get

gifts

____

Christmas

and

____

their

birthdays.

A.

on;

on

B.

at;

on

C.

in;

in

D.

in;

on

2.----There

is

nothing

____tomorrow

afternoon,

is

there?

-----No.

We

can

have

a

game

of

table

tennis.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

out

D.

up

3.

A

lot

of

students

in

our

school

were

born____March,

1981.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

on

D.

since

4.

He

suddenly

returned____

a

rainy

night.

A.

on

B.

at

C.

in

D.

during

5.

My

grandfather

was

born____Oct.

10,

1935.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

of

6.

The

train

is

starting___five

minutes.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

for

D.still

7.

Mike

does

his

exercises

____

seven

_____

the

evening.

A.

on;

to

B.

at;

in

C.

by;

of

D.

at;

on

Children

wake

up

very

early____the

morning

of

Christmas

Day.

A.

in

B.

on

C.

for

D.

at

9.

____

a

cold

winter

morning,

I

met

her

in

the

street.

A.

In

B.

On

C.

At

D.

For

10

.It

happened

to

be

very

cold____

the

morning

of

our

sports

meeting.

A.

at

B.

on

C.

with

D.

of

11.

Why

did

you

get

up

so

early

___

this

morning.

A.

on

B.

/

C.

at

D.

in

12.

He

went

to

Shanghai___

September

3rd,

1991

and

came

back___

a

cold

morning

last

year.

A.

in;

on

B.

on;

in

C.

on;

on

D.

in;

in

13.

Lucy

was

born____

the

night

of

May

12,

1984.

.

...

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

to

14.

Mrs.

Brown

came

to

China

____

1996A.on

B.

of

C.

to,

D.

in

15

___

the

morning

of

November

20,

1915,

the

workers

came

to

Chicago

to

show

their

mourning

of

Joe

Hill.

A.

On

B.

In

C.

On

D.

At五、频度副词从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never.对频率副词提问要用howoften巩固练习：1.-DoesAliceoftenworkuntil2a.m.?-No,she________does.A.nearlyB.certainlyC.seldomD.always2.–Ididn’tknowyoutakeabustoschool.-Oh,I______takeabus,butitissnowingtoday.A.hardlyB.neverC.sometimesD.usually3.-Wereyouoftenlateforschoollastterm,Tom?-No,_______.Igottoschoolearlyeveryday.A.AlwaysB.UsuallyC.SometimesD.Never4.–Howoftendoyougotoaconcert?-_______ever.I’mnotinterestedinthatatall.A.UsuallyB.HardlyC.Almost5.-Johnsingssowell.Hasheeverbeentrained?-No.Helearnsallbyhimself.He________goestoanytrainingclass.A.usuallyB.oftenC.neverD.even6.–MissGaoisverypopularwithherstudents.-Yes.Herclassesare______livelyandinteresting.A.seldomB.neverC.sometimesD.always7.Wearegoingtohaveaparty________nextweek.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes8.Sandyissocarefulthatshe________makesmistakesinherhomework.A.usuallyB.seldomC.oftenD.Always9.—Pleasedrive______whenyoupassaschool.—OK.A.nearlyB.earlyC.slowlyD.really10.—HaveyoueverbeentoDisneyland?—No,______.IhopeIcangotherenextyear.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often11.—Howoftendothestudentsplaysports?A.TwiceadayB.SincelastnightC.FortwohoursD.Amonthago12.IplaybasketballeverydaybecauseIwanttoplayas______asYaoMing.A.wellB.betterC.best13.Mikehurthisbackseriouslyandcan_____getoutofbedwithouthelp.A.quicklyB.easilyC.nearlyD.hardly14.—Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitaniclastnight?—No,Igotothecinema.Theticketsaretooexpensive.hardlyB.nearlyC.stillD.Only15.—Howoftendoyouexercise?—ever.BecauseIamverybusywithmywork.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.Almost六、特殊疑问句语法：特殊疑问句定义：特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头结构：特殊疑问句的基本结构疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词特殊疑问词分类：疑问代词有：what（什么）,which（哪一个）,who（谁）,whose（谁的）疑问副词有：where（哪里）,when（什么时候）,why（为什么）,how（怎么样）疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成疑问词短语，如：whattime（什么时间）,whatcolour（什么颜色）,howmany（多少）,howmuch（多少，多少钱）howlong（多长）,howoften（多久一次）,howold（几岁）,howtall（多高）巩固练习：Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.____________________________________________________Sheismyteacher.____________________________________________________Itismycoat.____________________________________________________Igetupatsix.____________________________________________________IamfromHubei.____________________________________________________IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.____________________________________________________7.TheyboyunderthetreeisJack.____________________________________________________8.TheyellowcatisSammy?____________________________________________________9.Therearesixboxesonthedesk?____________________________________________________10.Itiswindy._____________________________________________________11.Therearesixboxesonthedesk?____________________________________________________12.Mybagisred.______________________________________________________13.ThebookisLiHua’s.______________________________________________________15.Theyarefiveyuan.______________________________________________________八，冠词的用法定冠词a，an的用法元音因素前用“an”anhour一个小时ausefulbook一本有用的书巩固练习：1.

I

read

______story.

It

is

______interesting

story.

A.

a,

an

B.

a,

a

C.

the,

the

D.

/,

an

Britain

is

__

European

country

and

China

is

___

Asian

country.

A.

an,

an

B.

a,

a

C.

a,

an

D.

an,

a

3.

______China

is

_____

old

country

with

_____

long

history.

A.

The,

an,

a

B.

The,

a,

a

C.

/,

an,

the

D.

/,

an,

a

4.

_____elephant

is

bigger

than

______

horse.

A.

/,

/

B.

an,

a

C.

An,

a

D.

/,

the

5.

We

always

have

______rice

for

______lunch.

A.

/,

/

B.

the,

/

C.

/,

a

D.

the,

the

It

took

me

______

hour

and

_____

half

to

finish

______

work.

A.

a,

a,

a

B.

an,

a,

a

C.

an,

a,

the

D.

an,

a,

/

7.

______

doctor

told

me

to

take

______

medicine

three

times

______day,

stay

in

_____bed,

then

I

would

be

better

soon.

A.

/,

a,

a,

the

B.

A,

the,

the,

/

C.

The,

the,

a,

/

D.

A,

/,

a,

/

There

is

____

picture

on

____

wall.

I

like

____

picture

very

much.

A.

a,

the,

the

B.

a,

the,

a

C.

the,

a,

a

D.

a,

an,

the

9.

January

is

______first

month

of

the

year.

A.

a

B.

/

C.

an

D.

the

10.

Shut

_____door,

please.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D./

11.

Einstein

won

_____

Nobel

Prize

in

Physics

in

1921.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

12.

What

____

fine

day

it

is

today!

Let's

go

to

the

Summer

Palace.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

I

like

music,

but

I

don't

like

____

music

of

that

TV

play.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

14.

____

girl

over

there

is

____

English

teacher.

A.

The,

an

B.

A,

/

C.

The,

/

D.

A,

a

15.

It's

____

exciting

way

to

shop

on

the

Net.

A.

a

B.

an

C.

the

D.

/

七，不定代词的运用Some用于肯定句any用于一般疑问句和否定句巩固练习：用some和any填空.

I

have

_____________good

friends

in

my

class.

Is

there

____________water

in

the

bottle

?

Do

you

have

____________________money

?

They

don’t

have

______________time

to

go

there.

There

are

________________cakes

on

the

table.I

don’t

have

__________________milk

for

breakfast.

Does

he

have

______________brothers

or

sisters

?There

aren’t

_____________pictures

on

the

wall.

9.Can

I

ask

____________________questions

?

10.

Are

there

________flowers

in

you

classroom

?

No,

there

aren’t

_________.

11.

We

have

____________apples,

but

we

don’t

have

____________pears.

12.

Is

there

__________orange

juice

in

the

fridge

?

Yes,

there

is

____________.

13.

I

can

speak

____________English,

but

I

can’t

speak

___________Russian.

14.

Do

they

have

____________color

pencil

?

No,

they

don’t

have

___________.

15.

There

isn’t

____________meat

at

home.

I

must

go

and

buy

____________.

Thereis+可数名词单数/不可数名词Thereare+可数名词复数形式巩固练习：There______anyriceinthebowl.A.areB.IsC.isn’tD.aren’t2.There______manyapplesonthetreelastyear.A.havebeenB.wereC.areD.is3.There______afilmtomorrowevening.A.willhaveB.haveC.isgoingtobeD.has4.Thereissomemilkinthebottle,______?A.isn’tthereB.aren’tthereC.isn’titD.arethere5.howmanyboys______thereintheClassOne?A.beB.isC.areD.am6.There______alotofgoodnewsintoday’snewspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.There______pencil-box,andsomeflowersonthedesk.A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome8.There______anappleandtenbananasinthebasket.A.areB.isC.hasD.have9.______anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?A.IsthereB.ArethereC.HasD.Have10.Thereislittlewaterntheglass,______?A.isn’tthereB.isn’titC.isitD.isthere11.Whatdidyouseeinthebasketthen?There______abottleoforangeandsomeoranges.A.isB.areC.wasD.were12.______isthereonthetable?A.HowmanyapplesB.HowmuchbreadC.HowmuchbreadsD.Howmanyfood.There______somethingwrongwithourclassroom.A.areB.hasC.isD.haveThereissome______onthetable.A.appleB.orangeC.cakeD.sandwich15.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,______?A.isn’tthereB.isn’titC.isitD.isthere八、现在进行时1.定义：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。2.标志词：(1)时间状语now、atthemoment(2)句前有提示词look、listen、lookat…3.谓语动词的构成：be+动词-ing4.动词-ing的构成规则规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwashcatchwatchwashingcatchingwatching以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ingmaketakeridemakingtakingriding以重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾的动词，双写末尾辅音，再加-ingsitputgetsittingputtinggetting以ie结尾的动词，先把ie变成y再加-inglietiedielyingtyingdying注意：see-seeingdraw-drawinglisten-listening现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记，动词后缀-ing。直接加、去e加、双写加。还有一点要注意ie要用y来替。现在进行时用法口诀主语在前be在后，现在分词跟着走，其他成分不可丢。变一般很简单，把be提到句子前，否定句也不难，be后要把not添。还有一点要注意，动作提问doing替。巩固练习：1._____friend'smaking______akite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his2.Isthewoman