2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）

2022学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写考生号和姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Shepreferstostayhome.B.Sheacceptstheman’sadvice.C.Shewantstodosomethingelse.D.Shedoesn’tlikealongwalk.2.A.Heneedsashowerurgently.B.Hedoesn’tneedanything.C.Hewantstodrinksomething.D.Heisn’tsweatingatthemoment.3.A.Shepreferstoeatout.B.Sheisnothungryatall.C.Shehasalottodointhekitchen.D.Shewantstomaketheirownfood.4.A.Skatingistoohardtolearn.B.Thewomanshouldquitskating.C.Skatingisn’ttoohardforhim.D.Thewomanshouldkeeptrying.5.A.Giveupthegame.B.Makeanewplan.C.Havetoughtraining.D.Avoidtheopponent.6.A.Hedoesn’tliketherole.B.Helacksconfidence.C.Heneedstoknowtherolewell.D.Heshouldremembereveryword.7.A.Thefoodtastesdifferently.B.Themanshouldseeadifferentview.C.Thefoodisworththeprice.D.Thepricesonthemenuareridiculous.8.A.Apastoverseasexperience.B.Acomputergame.C.Acomingvacationplan.D.Animaginarysituation.9.A.Practicethepresentation.B.Simplifythepresentation.C.Leaveoutthemiddlepart.D.Askformoretimeforthepresentation.10.A.Hewillleavethebikeoutside.B.Thebikeneedstoberepaired.C.Hedoesn’tneedthebikeanymore.D.Thebikeisingoodcondition.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingspeech.11.A.StudentsofWestSideSchool.B.TheWestSideSchoolartteacher.C.AuthorityofWestSideSchool.D.TheCaliforniangovernment.12.A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.13.A.Theunexpectedcharmofart.B.Aprojectbeneficialtostudents.C.Gratitudefromthehotlinecallers.D.Messagesfromkidsmakedifferences.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingspeech.14.A.Birds’physicalcharacteristics.B.Themigratingpatternsofbirds.C.Thesizeofbirdpopulation.D.Thebehaviorofmigratingbirds.15.A.Theybecometiredoftheirpartners.B.Theycan’treachhomeatthesametime.C.Theyarelikelytofindnewmates.D.Theyhaveconflictsduringtheflight.16.A.Theyareabletokeeppacewiththeirpartners.B.Theymigrateshorterdistancesthanotherbirds.C.Theydonothavetomigrateforfood.D.Theyhavelittlechancetomeetnewmates.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Thethemeistoohardtounderstand.B.Thesoundistoofrightening.C.Theopeningimagesaretooviolent.D.Thelanguageisunacceptable.18.A.Thedialect.B.Theconversation.C.Thebackground.D.Theplot.19.A.Itmakesthebookunusual.B.Itmakesthecharactersvivid.C.Itmakesthedialogueshumorous.D.Itmakesthebookeasytoread.20.A.Thefilmisofficiallyprohibitedtochildrenbecauseofviolenceinit.B.Thewomanfindsthatthefilmismoreinterestingthanthebook.C.Themanbelievesthefilmisfairlypricedandrecommendsseeingit.D.Themanhasnegativecommentsbothonthebookandthefilm.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Humanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationforover20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceivefreshtreats___1___resupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themore___2___maylosenutrients.Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechance___3___(taste)eachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers___4___(raise)inspace.PlantHabitat-04wasoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratory___5___pepperstookmuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplantsthere.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepeppers___6___(harvest)onFriday.Whenthevegetableswerereadytoeat,theastronautsalsocompletedasensoryassessment.Theyratedtheflavor,color,appearance,andtasteoftheproducetosee___7___thelaborovertheirgreensprovedfruitfulasasupplementtoprepackagedspacefood.Freshgreens,likepeppers,provideagreatsourceofkeynutrients,whichareessentialtohumanbodies.Freshgreensalsohavepsychologicalbenefits.Theycanhelptokeepmorale(士气)andprovideasenseofnormalcy(正常)onmissions___8___alltheconditionsaredistinctivelydifferentfromtheearth.Freshgreensmakealong-durationmission___9___(bearable)byprovidingatasteofhome.Lookingtothefuture,theplantexperimentshavethepotentialtosignificantlyimpactthesustainabilityofspaceexploration.They____10____,oneday,provideafoodsourceforlong-termhabitationofMarsandotherplanets.【答案】1.from##through2.it3.totaste4.raised5.because##as##since##for6.wereharvested7.whether##if8.where9.morebearable10.can##may##could##might【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自2015年以来，宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物，并有机会品尝每一种。周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植的辣椒。【1题详解】考查介词。句意：他们的食物是包装好的，尽管有时宇航员会从（通过）补给任务中获得新鲜的食物。表示“从……中”或“通过”应用介词from或through。故填from/through。【2题详解】考查代词。句意：包装食品储存的时间越长，其营养损失就越大。此处指代上文packagedfood，应用代词it。故填it。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自2015年以来，宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物，并有机会品尝每一种。名词chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故填totaste。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植的辣椒。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语thefirstchilipeppers构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表被动和完成。故填raised。【5题详解】考查状语从句。句意：“植物栖息地-04”是轨道实验室中最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because/as/since/for。故填because/as/since/for。【6题详解】考查时态语态。句意：经过四个月的生长，这些辣椒于周五收获。主语peppers与谓语harvest构成被动关系，且根据后文onFriday可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填wereharvested。【7题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当这些蔬菜可以吃的时候，宇航员还完成了一个感官评估。他们对这些蔬菜的味道、颜色、外观和味道进行打分，看看这些蔬菜作为预先包装的太空食品的补充是否有益。引导宾语从句，从句表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。【8题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们可以帮助保持士气，并在所有条件与地球截然不同的任务中提供一种正常的感觉。定语从句修饰先行词missions，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。【9题详解】考查比较级。句意：新鲜的蔬菜提供了一种家的味道，使长期的任务更容易忍受。表示“更容易忍受”应用比较级，故填morebearable。【10题详解】考查情态动词。句意：有一天，它们可以/可能为火星和其他行星的长期居住提供食物来源。后跟动词原形，结合句意表示“可能”、“可以”应用情态动词can/may/could/might。故填can/may/could/might。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.contentB.overextendC.developD.innovateE.pursuedF.topGsurfaceH.addictionI.emergeJ.cloudK.licensedOnTikTok,“Self-care”has28.2billionviews,whilethehashtag(主题标签)canbefoundonover66millionInstagramposts.Also,booksaboutself-careoften___11___manypeople’sshoppinglists.Onthe___12___,itmakescompletesense.Whowouldn’tliketheideaofmakingoneselffeelbetterandtakingcareoftheirmind,bodyandsoul?Yet,wehavetobecarefulnottoviewself-careasacure-allsolutiontoourproblems.Self-care____13____withoutawarenessofyourspecificneedsandconsistent(一致的)evaluationcancauseemotional,financial,mentalandphysicalconsequences.AccordingtoZishanKhan,apsychologistwithMindpathHealth,self-carecanleadtoapersonbecomingfrustratedwhenmetwithaseaofsuggestions,which___14___everywherefrompodcaststoself-helpbooks.“So,don’tallowwhatotherssuggestto____15____yourinternalvoice,”saysKhan.“Self-carecanonlybenefitapersonifit’sconsistentwiththeirgoalsandvalues.”Khanfurtheremphasizesthedangerofuncontrolledphysically-centeredself-careadvice,suchasfrominfluencers.“Their___16___oftenoverlyfocusesonbeautyandimprovingone’slooks.Thiscanunintentionallyleadtobodyimageconcernandthusactuallyworsenone’smentalhealth,”shesays.Anotherdangercancomewhenself-careactionsreachthelevelof___17___,saysMelissaBoudin,apsychologistofChoosingTherapy.“Whenyouspendalargeamountoftimethinkingaboutorpracticingacertainself-carebehavior,thismaybethatself-carehasgonefrombeneficialtoharmful,”shesays,usingtheexampleofself-carethroughhealthyeatingandthengoingsofarasto____18____aneatingdisorder.LenaSuarez-Angelino,a(n)____19____clinicalsocialworker,hasrecommendedcreatingalistofactivitiesthatmakeyoufeelbetterbutdon’t____20____you.Worthwhileandbeneficialself-caremayincludeanythingfromtimewithlovedonestowalking.Whileself-careisimportant,itshouldnotbeoverdone.【答案】11.F12.G13.E14.I15.J16.A17.H18.C19.K20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家指出，自我护理可能会导致一个人在遇到从播客到自助书籍等无处不在的建议时感到沮丧。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：此外，关于自我护理的书籍经常名列许多人的购物清单之首。结合句意表示“名列……之首”可知应填动词top，根据often可知为一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故填top。故选F。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：从表面上看，这完全有道理。结合句意表示“从表面上看”可知应填名词surface，作宾语。故填surface。故选G。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：在没有意识到自己的具体需求和一致评估的情况下进行自我护理，可能会造成情绪、经济、心理和身体上的后果。结合句意表示“追求”可知应填动词pursue，与Self-care构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作后置定语。故填pursued。故选E。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：据心理健康心理学家ZishanKhan说，自我护理可能会导致一个人在遇到从播客到自助书籍等无处不在的建议时感到沮丧。结合句意表示“出现”可知应填动词emerge，作从句谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，先行词为suggestions，谓语用原形。故填emerge。故选I。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：Khan说：“所以，不要让其他人的建议蒙蔽了你的内心。”结合句意表示“蒙蔽”可知应填动词cloud，且为短语allowsth.todosth.。故填cloud。故选J。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：它们的内容往往过于关注美丽和改善一个人的容貌。结合句意表示“内容”可知应填名词content，作主语，故填content。故选A。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：选择治疗的心理学家MelissaBoudin说，当自我护理行为达到上瘾的程度时，另一个危险就会出现。结合句意表示“上瘾”可知应填名词addiction，作宾语。故填addiction。故选H。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：“当你花大量时间思考或实践某种自我保健行为时，这可能是自我保健已经从有益变为有害，”她说，以通过健康饮食进行自我保健为例，然后发展到饮食失调。结合句意表示“发展”可知应填动词develop，此处作用不定式作结果状语，空处填动词原形。故填develop。故选C。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：LenaSuarez-Angelino是一名执业临床社会工作者，她建议创建一个活动清单，让你感觉更好，但又不会让你过度劳累。结合句意表示“得到许可的”可知应填形容词licensed，作定语。故填licensed。故选K。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：LenaSuarez-Angelino是一名执业临床社会工作者，她建议创建一个活动清单，让你感觉更好，但又不会让你过度劳累。结合句意表示“过度劳累”可知应填动词overextend，don’t后接动词原形。故填overextend。故选B。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whatwillyoudowhenyouarehungry?Ofcourse,anyonewouldgoandgrabsomethingtoeat.Andthen,whatdeterminesthe___21___offoodyoutakein?Youmaynotberightifyouransweristhedegreeofhunger.Theconventionalconceptthat____22____isthekeyfactorisopentochallenge.Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintake(摄入)areinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesour____23____needforenergy.Someofthefactorsincludeoureating____24____andourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.Studieshaveshownthat____25____eating,forinstance,eatingwhilewatchingTV,orasimilardistraction,canincreasebothhungerandfoodconsumption.Evensimple____26____clues,likeplatesizeandlighting,havebeenshowntoaffectconsumption.Anewstudysuggestedthatourshort-term____27____alsomayplayaroleinappetite.Severalhoursafterameal,people’shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey’deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey’dseeninfrontofthem—____28____,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.Thisdifferencesuggeststhattherecallofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerinfluenceonour___29___thantheactualsizeofthemeal,saysJeffreyM.Brunstrom,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol.Thesefindingsagreewiththeearlierresearchthatsuggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimes______30______ourbody’sresponsetothefooditself.Ina2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwo______31______occasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones(荷尔蒙),dependingonwhethertheshake’s______32______saiditcontained620or140calories.Moreover,theparticipantsreportedfeeling______33______whentheythoughtthey’dconsumedahigher-caloriesshake.Whatdoesthismeantooureatinghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltocheatourselvesintoeatingless,thenewfindingsdohighlightthebenifitoffocusingonourfood,avoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.Theso-calledmindful-eatingstrategiescanfightagainst______34______whileweareeating.By______35______mindfuleatingtechniques,youhavetheopportunitytochangeyourcurrenteatinghabitsbybecomingmoreself-awareandintunetoyourbody’shungercues.21.A.quality B.amount C.nutrient D.variety22.A.deliciousness B.hunger C.nutrition D.flavor23.A.occasional B.potential C.external D.biological24.A.environment B.content C.time D.ability25.A.habitual B.purposeful C.unfocused D.absorbed26.A.optional B.visual C.hidden D.flexible27.A.vacancy B.hunger C.supply D.memory28.A.inotherwords B.asawhole C.byallmeans D.allinall29.A.motive B.growth C.appetite D.health30.A.advocate B.trick C.justify D.enhance31.A.identical B.alternative C.dependent D.separate32.A.label B.function C.usage D.material33.A.wiser B.healthier C.happier D.fuller34.A.distress B.waste C.distraction D.fullness35.A.employing B.perceiving C.clarifying D.assuming【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了影响食物摄入量的因素以及饮食策略。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，是什么决定了你摄入的食物量？A.quality质量；B.amount数量；C.nutrient营养物质；D.variety类别。根据第3空所在的“Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintake(摄入)areinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesour3needforenergy.”可知，此处讨论的是事物的摄入量，故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：饥饿是关键因素的传统观念是可以挑战的。A.deliciousness美味；B.hunger饥饿；C.nutrition营养；D.flavor味道。根据前文的“Youmaynotberightifyouransweristhedegreeofhunger.”(如果你的答案是饥饿的程度，那么你可能是不对的)可知，传统的观念认为饥饿是影响食物摄入量的关键因素，故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，越来越多的研究表明，我们的食欲和食物摄入量除了我们对能量的生理需求外，还受到许多因素的影响。A.occasional偶然的；B.potential潜在的；C.external外部的；D.biological生理的。此处的需求指的是饥饿，这是人的一种生理需求，故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一些因素包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。A.environment环境；B.content内容；C.time时间；D.ability能力。根据第5空的“Studieshaveshownthat5eating,forinstance,eatingwhilewatchingTV,orasimilardistraction,canincreasebothhungerandfoodconsumption.”(研究表明，饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。)可知，此处指的是饮食环境会影响食物摄入量，故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，不集中注意力的饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。A.habitual习惯的；B.purposeful故意的；C.unfocused心不在焉的；D.absorbed全神贯注的。根据“eatingwhilewatchingTV”可知，此处指的是不集中注意力地吃饭，故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是简单的视觉线索，如盘子大小和照明，也被证明会影响消费。A.optional选择的；B.visual视觉的；C.hidden隐藏的；D.flexible灵活的。根据“likeplatesizeandlighting”可知，这些指的是视觉影响，故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，我们的短期记忆也可能在食欲中发挥作用。A.vacancy空缺；B.hunger饥饿；C.supply供给；D.memory记忆。根据第8空的“howmuchtheyrememberedeating”可知，此处指的是短期记忆的影响，故选D项。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：饭后几个小时，人们的饥饿程度不是通过他们吃了多少来预测的，而是通过他们已经看到面前有多少食物来预测的——换句话说，就是他们记得吃了多少。A.inotherwords换句话说；B.asawhole作为整体；C.byallmeans千方百计；D.allinall总而言之。根据句意可知，后半句是对前句的解释说明，“换句话说”，故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布里斯托尔大学实验心理学教授杰弗里·M·布伦斯特罗姆说，这种差异表明，记起上一顿饭对我们的食欲的影响可能比实际饭量更大。A.motive动机；B.growth成长；C.appetite胃口；D.health健康。本文主要谈论对饭量，即胃口的影响因素，故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现与早期的研究一致，早期的研究表明，我们对食物的感知有时会欺骗我们身体对食物本身的反应。A.advocate倡议；B.trick欺骗；C.justify为……辩解、说明；D.enhance巩固。根据后文的“peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwooccasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones”可知，此处指的是我们对事物的感知带来的欺骗性，故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在2011年的一项研究中，在两个不同的场合喝同一杯380卡路里的奶昔的人产生了不同水平的饥饿相关激素,这取决于奶昔的标签上说它含有620卡路里还是140卡路里。A.identical同样的；B.alternative可供选择的；C.dependent依赖的；D.separate分隔的。根据语境可知，这是一个对比实验，在不同的场合喝同样的食物，符合实验逻辑，故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.label标签；B.function功能；C.usage用途；D.material材料。根据常识可知，食物的卡路里数量一般标记在标签上，故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，参与者报告说，当他们认为自己摄入了更高热量的奶昔时，会感到更饱。A.wiser更明智的；B.healthier更健康的；C.happier更开心的；D.fuller更饱的。根据前文提到欺骗性可知，当参与者认为自己吃了更高热量的食物时，会觉得更饱，这正是欺骗性的一种体现，故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所谓的正念饮食策略可以在我们吃饭时对抗分心。A.distress忧虑、悲伤；B.waste废物；C.distraction分散注意力；D.fullness饱。根据前文提到的不集中注意力的饮食会增加饮食消耗可知，我们需要对抗这种饮食中的分心来控制食物摄入量，故选C项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过使用注意饮食的技巧，你有机会通过变得更加自我意识和适应身体的饥饿提示来改变你目前的饮食习惯。A.employing雇佣，运用；B.perceiving感知；C.clarifying澄清；D.assuming假定。根据“mindfuleatingtechniques”可知，此处指的是采用正念饮食策略，故选A项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)WhenIstepoutontothedeck,IdefinitelyfeeltheArcticchill.That’snotsurprising.I’magoodhundredmilesinsidetheArcticCircle;infact,youcan’tgetmuchfarthernorthandstillbeinSweden.ThisisAbiskoMountainStation,perhapsthecrownjeweloftheSwedishmountainlodges(小屋).I’mbackforasecondtimetothisremote,scenicspot.LastAutumn,aheavysnowstormtrappedmeinmytentfordaysandeventuallyforcedmetogotothestation,acomfortableplace.IdiscoveredadifferentsidetoAbisko.Peoplecomehereformanyreasons–sometohike,sometoclimb,sometocross-countryski.Butthere’syetanotherentirelydifferentattractionhere.Lookingoutfromthedeckofthetrainstation,aboveahugelake,intheupperskyoftheNorthPole,theAurora,asweoftenrefertothenorthernlight,mixedwithgreenandred,wasgivingoffghostlylight,rollingacrossthedarknightsky.TheAuroramaybeoldhattothosewholivethisfarnorth,butfortherestofusitisanunforgettableexperience.Thelightshereweresoappealingtouswequicklyforgotthediscomfortofthecold.OneoftheattractionsinAbiskoistheTornetrask.It’sahugelake,whichextendsmorethan70kilometreslongjustnorthofthestation,createsanunusualweatherphenomenonthatkeepstheskiesabovethestationclearevenwhenfogorcloudsblanketmostofnorthernSweden.Theskyinthisareaismostlyclearallyeararound.AbiskohasalottooffertomakeitanidealplacetoviewtheAurora.Itisfarfromanycitylights.ThestationoperatesaskilifttothetopofNuoljaPeak,morethan3,000feethigh.Forthefirsttimethisyear,acafeatthetopofthemountainhasbeenturnedintoaviewingplatformfortheNorthernLights,calledtheAuroraSkyStation.Also,thestationpostsforecastseachnightofexpectedAuroraactivity,collectedfromscientificobservationsarrivingviacomputer,sovisitorsmaychoosethebestviewingtime.36.Whatwasthereasonfortheauthor’sfirstvisittothelodge?A.HewentthereinsearchoftheAurora. B.Heneededequipmenttokeephimwarm.C.Hewasforcedtherebytheweather. D.Hehadtomakehisfoodsupplythere.37.Thephrase“oldhat”in3rdparagraphprobablymean“________”.A.severeandstruggling B.familiarandunexcitingC.strangeandshocking D.mysteriousandadventurous38.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTafactorthatmakesAbiskoanidealplacetoviewtheAurora?A.Thereisamountainviewingplatform. B.Weatherforecastsareavailable.C.Therearenocitylightsnearby. D.Thereisacaféshopthere.39.Theauthor’soverallopinionofAbiskoisthat________.A.despitethesevereweather,it’sanimpressiveplaceB.peoplehaveoverestimateditspopularityC.it’snotaspopularasitdeservestobeD.thecoldweatherworsenstheAuroraviewingexperiencethere【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典的阿比斯科，那是一个观赏极光的理想地点。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ThisisAbiskoMountainStation,perhapsthecrownjeweloftheSwedishmountainlodges(小屋).(这是阿比斯科山站，也许是瑞典山小屋中皇冠上的明珠)”及第二段中的“LastAutumn,aheavysnowstormtrappedmeinmytentfordaysandeventuallyforcedmetogotothestation,acomfortableplace.IdiscoveredadifferentsidetoAbisko.(去年秋天,一场暴风雪困在我帐篷数日,最终迫使我去车站,一个舒适的地方。我发现了阿比斯科的另一面)”可推知，作者第一次去小屋，因为他是被天气逼到那里的。故选C。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“butfortherestofusitisanunforgettableexperience.Thelightshereweresoappealingtouswequicklyforgotthediscomfortofthecold.(但对我们其他人来说，这是一次难忘的经历。这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”可知，上下文存在转折关系。由此推知，极光对于那些生活在遥远北方的人来说可能已经很熟悉了、不再有吸引力。由此可知，划线词组oldhat与familiarandunexciting(熟悉而乏味)意思接近。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AbiskohasalottooffertomakeitanidealplacetoviewtheAurora.Itisfarfromanycitylights.ThestationoperatesaskilifttothetopofNuoljaPeak,morethan3,000feethigh.Forthefirsttimethisyear,acafeatthetopofthemountainhasbeenturnedintoaviewingplatformfortheNorthernLights,calledtheAuroraSkyStation.Also,thestationpostsforecastseachnightofexpectedAuroraactivity,collectedfromscientificobservationsarrivingviacomputer,sovisitorsmaychoosethebestviewingtime.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点。它远离任何城市的灯光。该车站设有一条滑雪缆车，可直达3000多英尺高的诺奥尔加峰。今年，山顶上的一家咖啡馆首次被改造成北极光的观景台，被称为极光天空站。此外，气象站每天晚上都会发布预计极光活动的预测，这些预测是通过计算机收集的科学观测数据，因此游客可以选择最佳观赏时间)”可知，“阿比斯科有一家咖啡馆”不是使阿比斯科成为观赏极光的理想地点的因素。故选D。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’mbackforasecondtimetothisremote,scenicspot.(这是我第二次回到这个偏僻的风景区)”，第三段中的“Thelightshereweresoappealingtouswequicklyforgotthediscomfortofthecold.(这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”及最后一段中的“AbiskohasalottooffertomakeitanidealplacetoviewtheAurora.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点)”可推知，作者对阿比斯科的总体看法是，尽管天气恶劣，但这是一个令人印象深刻的地方。故选A。(B)(Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.)FourtypesoflearnersTypeALearnerPeopleinthisgroupadaptobservationsintocomplexbutlogicaltheories.Theythinkproblemsthroughinalogicalway.Theytendtobeperfectionistswhowon’tresteasyuntileverythingisreasonable.Theyliketoanalyzeandarekeenonbasicprinciplesandtheories.Theypaygreatattentiontologic,soquestionstheyfrequentlyaskare:“________________”,and“Howdoesthisgowiththat?”.Theytendtobeobjective,approachingproblemsinaconsistentlylogicalmanner.Thisistheir“mentalset”andtheyrejectanythingthatconflictswithit.Theyprefertomaximizecertaintyandfeeluncomfortablewithsubjectivejudgements.TypeBLearnerThesepeoplearekeenontryingoutideas,theoriesandtechniquestoseeiftheyworkinpractice.Theypositivelysearchoutnewideasandtakethefirstopportunitytoexperimentwithapplications.Theywanttotryoutthenewideasinthecoursesinpractice.Theyalsotendtobeimpatientwithrandomdiscussions,andtheirattentionsoonbeginstowanderiftheyfeeltheyaregoingroundincircles.Theyarepractical,downtoearthandlikemakingpracticaldecisionsandsolvingproblems.Theyseeproblemsandopportunitiesasachallenge,andtheirphilosophyis:“Thereisalwaysabetterway”and“Ifitworks,it’sgood”.TypeCLearnerPeopleinthisgroupinvolvethemselvesfullyinnewexperiences.Theyareopen-minded,andthistendstomakethementhusiasticaboutanythingnew.Theirphilosophyis:“I’lltryanythingonce”,sotheytendtoactfirstandconsidertheconsequencesafterwards.Theirdaysarefilledwithactivities.Assoonastheexcitementfromoneactivityhasdieddowntheyarebusylookingforthenext,astheyareonlyinterestedingainingnewexperiencesbutareboredwithcarryingouttheirplansandtheylackperseverance.Theyconstantlyinvolvethemselveswithothersbut,indoingso,theyseektocenterallactivitiesaroundthemselves.TypeDLearnerTheycollectdata,bothfirst-handandfromothers,andprefertothinkaboutitthoroughlybeforecomingtoaconclusion.Thethoroughcollectionandanalysisofdataaboutexperiencesandeventsiswhatcountssotheytendtopostponemakingdefinitivejudgmentsforaslongaspossible.Theirphilosophyistobecautious.Theyliketoconsiderallpossibleanglesbeforemakingamove,andwillbereluctanttobecomeinvolvedinactivitiesthatothersputforwardwithouthavingcarefullyconsideredthelikelyoutcome.40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblankinthefirstparagraph?A.Doweneedmoreexperiments? B.Doyouunderstandme?C.Doyoubelievethetheory? D.Doesitmakesense?41.SupposeJohnisapersonwithfreshideasandwillingtocheckeverythingouttoseewhathappens.WhichtypeoflearnerisJohn?A.TypeALearner B.TypeBLearnerC.TypeCLearner D.TypeDLearner42WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTypeDlearner?A.Theyarekeenonmakingimmediateconclusion.B.Theirconclusioncomesafterdataanalysis.C.Theyoutlineapossibleoutcomebeforetakinganactivity.D.Theyprefernottogiveouttheirviewpointsrandomly.【答案】40.D41.B42.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种类型的学习者。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据设空处上文“Theypaygreatattentiontologic,soquestionstheyfrequentlyaskare(他们非常注重逻辑，所以他们经常问的问题是)”及下文“Howdoesthisgowiththat?(这个和那个怎么搭配？)”可知，A型学习者注重逻辑分析及实用性。由此推知，Doesitmakesense?(这有意义吗？)属于A型学习者会问的问题，可以放在第一段的空白处。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据TypeBLearner部分中的“Thesepeoplearekeenontryingoutideas,theoriesandtechniquestoseeiftheyworkinpractice.Theypositivelysearchoutnewideasandtakethefirstopportunitytoexperimentwithapplications.Theywanttotryoutthenewideasinthecoursesinpractice.(这些人热衷于尝试想法、理论和技术，看看它们在实践中是否有效。他们积极地寻找新的想法，并抓住第一个机会进行应用实验。他们想在实践中试验课程中的新思想)”可知，假设约翰是一个有新想法的人，他愿意检查每件事，看看会发生什么，那么约翰属于B型学习者。故选B。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据TypeDLearner部分的“Theycollectdata,bothfirst-handandfromothers,andprefertothinkaboutitthoroughlybeforecomingtoaconclusion.Thethoroughcollectionandanalysisofdataaboutexperiencesandeventsiswhatcountssotheytendtopostponemakingdefinitivejudgmentsforaslongaspossible.Theirphilosophyistobecautious.(他们收集第一手和他人的数据，更喜欢在得出结论之前仔细思考。对经历和事件的数据进行彻底的收集和分析是最重要的，所以他们倾向于尽可能地推迟做出明确的判断。他们的哲学是谨慎)”可知，D型学习者非常谨慎。由此可知，“他们热衷于立即作出结论”的表述不正确。故选A。(C)Inrecentyears,alotof“businessthinking”bookshavebeenpublished,allofwhichsearchfornewanswersonhowtoruno