高考语法复习专题七谓语的时态语态

20XX届高考语法复习专题七谓语的时态语态高考重点考查谓语的10种时态：谓语的时态主动语态的构成被动语态的构成一般现在时be动词：其他动词：一般过去时be动词：其他动词：一般将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时将来进行时现在完成进行时复习指南：经常考的时态：一般现在时、一般过去时较常考的时态：一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时较少考的时态：现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时不常考的时态：将来进行时、现在完成进行时一、一般现在时1.意义：表示①目前经常性、习惯性的动作；②现在的状态；③普遍事实或客观真理。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：today,everyday,usually等（注意：现在的动作或状态）eg:(1)Iamastudent.Youareadoctor.Heisateacher.(2)Igetupatsixeveryday.Hegetsupathalfpastfiveeverymorning.高考链接：①(2015湖南卷)Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccess_______________(be)asumofsmalleffortsmadeeverydayandoften_______________(take)yearstoachieve.②(2016河北调研)HighschoollifeintheUSisalmostasstressfulanddemandingasitisinChina.InUShighschool,everything___________________(record)andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.③改错：(2016河北调研)SonowadaystheyusemobilephonesandtheInternetinstead.Thischangeincommunicationhavegoodeffectsonourworksandlife.二、一般过去时1.意义：表示过去发生的（经常性）动作或存在的状态。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：yesterday,lastyear,ago,in1990等eg:(1)Isawhimintheparkanhourago.(2)Hisbikewasstolenyesterday.高考链接：①(2013福建卷)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,___________________(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.②改错：(2016山西期中)Afterheleaveshighschool,hewenttoauniversitytostudylaw....AfterreadingascreenplayofLegendsoftheFall,heattractedbytherole.三、一般将来时1.意义：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：tomorrow,soon,nextweek,beforelong,inthreedays等eg:(1)HewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.(2)Asurveywillbecarriedoutnextweek.高考链接：①(2016辽宁质检)Accordingtotheletter,fromnowontheChanZuckerbergInitiative_______________(help)torealize“humanpotential”and“equalityforallchildreninthenextgeneration”.②改错：(2016山西二模)Truefriendshipwon’tbeweakeningbydistance.四、现在完成时1.意义：表示过去发生的动作持续到现在或对现在造成的影响。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：常考：since,for,sofar,upto/tillnow,“in/overthelast/past+一段时间”等句型：Itisthefirst/second/...timethat+现在完成时少考：never,ever,already,before,recentlyeg:(1)Ihaven’tseenhersincesheleftthehometown.(2)Itisthefirsttimethathehasseenthemovie.高考链接：①(2016广西期末)Sofar,research___________________(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep.②改错：(2016沈阳期中)Sincemychildhood,librarieshadplayedanimportantroleinmylife.五、过去完成时1.意义：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作，即“过去的过去”。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.常考点：（1）表示过去的过去（常用于主从句）eg:Thetrain___________________(leave)whenwearrivedatthestation.（2）表示对过去的虚拟（退一步原则）eg:(2012广东高考)Hewalkedinasifhe___________________(buy)theschool.（3）句型或固定用法：①Itwasthefirst/second/...timethat+过去完成时②hardly...when...,nosooner...than...表示“一...就...”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。eg:Nosoonerhadwereachedhomethanitbegantorain.③by+表过去的时间状语，句子用过去完成时eg:Bytheendoflastmonth,I___________________(read)10books.高考链接：①(2016湖北期中)Sometimelater,aftertheirfatherhaddied,thesonsstartedtospendlonghoursworkinginthefields.Theythoughttheirfather_________________(bury)atreasureintheground.②(2016重庆期中)Bythistimetheclerk___________________(return)withthesocks.Placingapairupontheboy’sfeet,shethenpurchasedhimapairofshoes.六、现在进行时1.意义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.构成（主动语态）：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：now,atthismoment或句首有look,listen等eg:(1)Heisplayingbasketballnow.(2)Listen!Someoneissinging.高考链接：①(2016河南期中)Theyarehopingtoplanthalfofthetreestodayandthey___________________(look)forvolunteerstocomealongandhelp.②改错：(名师原创卷)Yearsago,Ireceivedagiftfrommyfriendonmybirthdaywhowasnowlivingfaraway.七、过去进行时1.意义：表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。2.构成（主动语态）：_______________________________________________3.时间状语：atthattime,atthatmoment,thistimeyesterday等句型：was/weredoing...when...正在做某事，这时（突然）...eg: ①He___________________(write)aletterwhenIcamein.②He___________________(read)aninterestingbookthistimeyesterday.八、过去将来时1.意义：表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作。2.构成：主动语态：_______________________________________________被动语态：_______________________________________________3.提示：常用于宾语从句，判断的依据是要有过去的“动作”，而不是时间。eg:Hesaidthathe___________________(come)backthenextday.九、将来进行时1.意义：表示将来某时将正在进行的动作。2.构成：_______________________________________________3.提示：时间状语常是“将来的具体某一时间”。eg:(1)He___________________(work)intheofficeateighttomorrowmorning.(2)I___________________(wait)forthemwhentheyarriveattheairport.十、现在完成进行时1.意义：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调该动作仍在进行。2.构成：_______________________________________________3.对比： Ihavemadeacake.我做了一个蛋糕。（强调结果）Ihavebeenmakingacake.我一直在做蛋糕。（强调动作仍在进行）高考链接：改错：(2016河北期末)Recently,thesituationhaschangedsomewhatbecausesomanypeoplehavebeenspenttheirholidaysabroadandlearningtoappreciateunfamiliardishes.高考链接单句语法填空1.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I_______________(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.2.(2016全国Ⅱ卷)Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseofachievement.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow_______________(be)oftenacceptable.3.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand_______________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.4.(2015全国Ⅰ卷)ItwasraininglightlywhenI_______________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.5.(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Thiscycle_______________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenight.6.(2014全国Ⅱ卷)Aboyonabike_______________(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.7.(2016江西摸底)ShepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandIwasfinally___________________(accept).8.(2016黑龙江期中)SoWooSing___________________(strike)theboyintheglass,butheonlyhurthisownhandandwentcryingtohisfather.9.(2016沈阳期中)Oneday,auniversitystudent___________________(step)outofhisofficewithapileofbooks.Hecomplainedabouttheprofessor.10.(2016山西期末)ThereasonforthisisthatBritain’ssupermarkets___________________(experience)hugechangesinthepastdecade.11.(2016山东模拟)MartinMueller,acomputingscienceprofessor,___________________(work)onGoprogramsfor30years.12.(2016山西联考)ItisestimatedthatmorethanathirdofallworktripsinCopenhagen___________________(carry)outonabike.13.(2016石家庄模考)Agroupofdogs___________________(know)as“TherapyDogs”.Thesedogsarefamilypetswithspecialtraining.14.(2016郑州二测)Thisopeningledtoacave,sotheydecidedtohavealookaroundit.Thewallsofthecave___________________(cover)withancientart.15.(名师原创卷)Plovdiv’shistory___________________(date)backto6000BC.16.(名师原创卷)Iamatimetraveller.AtthemomentI___________________(talk)toyoufromtheDarkAges,wherescienceandtechnologyhasbeenforgotten.17.(名师原创卷)SowhenI___________________(inform)thatmycomputercouldn’tbefixed,Iwassad!18.(名师原创卷)Untilnow,manypeople___________________(see)Minions.No.Nottherecentmovie,butthevillageinEnglandwiththesamename.19.(名师原创卷)WorldHelloDay___________________(found)in1973byBrianandMichaelMcCormack,inresponsetotheconflictbetweenEgyptandIsrael.20.(名师原创卷)Pragueisoneofthegreatestcitiesintheworld.Onceyougetthere,you___________________(find)anaffordablehotelroomeasily.二、单句改错（每句一处错误）1.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.2.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Atfirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.3.(2015全国Ⅰ卷)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.4.(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.5.(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.6.(2014全国Ⅱ卷)Therearethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomuchhomework.7.(2014全国Ⅱ卷)Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsofflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.8.(2013全国Ⅰ卷)Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.9.(2016浙江卷)Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.10.(2016江西摸底)Ourlifetodayhasmanyproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsarepollution.11.(2016江西摸底)Factoriesmustcleanourwastewaterbeforeitthrownaway.12.(2016云南调研)Lastterm,ImakelittleeffortonmyEnglish,somygradeswerenotsatisfying.13.(2016黑龙江期中)TheForbiddenCity,whichwasbuiltatthebeginningoftheMingDynasty,hadundergoneextensiverenovationsoverthepast10years.14.(2016沈阳期中)Itnotonlydevelopedmyabilitytoread,butalsohelpmemakeacontributiontosociety.15.(2016湖北期末)NotonlydiditimprovedtheirspokenEnglish,butalsoitbroughtthemmuchfun.16.(2016福建模拟)Since2002theSzigetFestivalhadbeenrunningeveryyearinBudapest.Itlastsforaweek.17.(2