专题04  语法-2023-2024学年六年级英语寒假专项提升（外研版三起）

2023-2024学年六班级英语寒假专项提升（外研版三起）专题四语法复习指引语法学问点一：方位介词我们常用到的方位介词有：at、in、on、above、over、below、under、beside、into、behind、between、nextto、near。1.at我们常用到的方位介词有：at、in、on、above、over、below、under、beside、into、behind、between、nextto、near。at通常指小一些的地方，或者所指范围不太明显。例如学校、家、角落等。例：Intheafternoon,hefinallyarrivedathome.他最终在下午的时候到家了。2.in●in的用法要多一些，首先一般用于较大的地名(方)前。例：IliveinBeijing.我住在北京。●其次in表示在内部例：Thereisaballinthebox.有一个球在盒子里。●除此之外，in还表示“在……范围之内”(是从属关系)。例：GuangdongliesinthesouthofChina.广东坐落于中国的南部。3.on、above、overon和above,over都表示在……上，区分是：●on是表面相互接触●而above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”●over是“在……正上方”例：1.Thereisanappleonthetable.桌上有一个苹果。2.Aplaneflewaboveourheads.一架飞机从我们头上飞过。3.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座桥。4.under、belowunder,below都是在……下方。under,below的区分：●under就是在物体下方，可以有接触，也可以垂直在下面。●但below是在物体下方，不肯定垂直在下面。例：1.Therearemanyflowersbelowthewindow.窗下有很多花。2.Thereisatoycarunderyourdesk.你的书桌下有一个玩具小汽车。5.betweenbetween在……之间(指两者)。例：Thebuildingstandsbetweentheparkandthesupermarket.那幢大楼位于公园和超市中间。6.behindbehind表示“在……后面”。例：Behindthebuildingstandsatalltree.大厦的后面有一棵高高的树。7.intointo进入例：Pleaseputthewaterintothebottle.请把水倒入到瓶子里。8.nextto,beside和near●nextto是在旁边、紧挨着；●beside表示在……近旁；●near在……四周，距离比前两者还要远一点。例：1.Thedeskisnexttothebed.那张书桌挨着床。2.Comeandsitbesideme.坐到我边上来。3.Myhomeisneartheschool.我的家离学校近。这里有一个简洁易懂的小chant,供大家参考!这里有一个简洁易懂的小chant,供大家参考!Bird,bird——inthetreeApple,apple——onthetreeBird,bird——intheskyBowl,bowl——inthebowlPlate,plate——ontheplatePhoto,photo——onthewallDoor,door——inthewall语法学问点二：Therebe句型Therebe句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必需依主语的变化而变化。(单数is复数are)例：Thereisatableintheroom.房间里有一张桌子。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.树上有很多鸟。一、Therebe句型的结构1.常见句型结构：(一)Thereis+单数可数+地点状语例：Thereisaruleronthedesk.书桌上有一把尺。(二)Thereare+复数主语+地点状语例：Therearefourapplesonthetree.树上有四个苹果。Therearesomeflowersinthepark.公园里有很多花。(三)thereis+不行数名词+地点状语(即使有some也是单数)例：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.瓶子里有一些水。(水是不行数名词)2.Therebe选择就近原则：Therebe句型的就近原则是Therebe句型中语法项目的重点考点。Therebe句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数打算。如：Thereisapen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.(解读：在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数apen,因此，be动词用单数is。)二、Therebe句型的疑问句及回答(一)Therebe句型的一般疑问句1.在“Thereis/are…”的一般疑问句中，要把Be动词放在there之前，并将句号变问号。(难点：句中消灭的some要改成any。)2.确定回答为：Yes,thereis/are.3.否定回答为：No,thereisn't/aren't.(二)Therebe句型的特殊疑问句Therebe句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?";当主语是物时，用"What's+介词短语?"。留意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式，回答时却要依据实际状况来打算。②对地点状语提问：提问地点用"Whereis/are+主语?"③对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：Howmany+复数名词+arethere+介词短语?Howmuch+不行数名词+isthere+介词短语?例：Howmanypeoplearethereinthepicture?Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?三、Therebe句型的否定形式否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，isnot=isn't;arenot=aren't但要留意的是句中假如消灭some则改成any.1.确定：Thereisaknifeinthekitchen.否定：Thereisnotaknifeinthekitchen.2.确定：Therearefiveapplesonthetree.否定：Therearenotfiveapplesonthetree.3.确定：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.否定：Thereisnotanywaterinthebottle.4.确定：Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree.否定：Therearenotanybirdssinginginthetree.语法学问点三：祈使句祈使句：用来表示下达命令、提出要求、建议和劝告的句子。说话的对象通常是其次人称you,习惯上常省略。祈使句的确定句谓语动词用原形，否定句一般用don't,never开头。确定祈使句句型1:动词let+第一、三人称宾格代词+V.例：Let'sgotoschool.让我们去上学吧。Letmetry.让我试一试。Lethimcomeupstairs.让他上楼吧。句型2:动词+其他部分例句：Pleaseopenthedoor.请开门。Turntopagetwo.请将书翻到其次页。Listentome.请听我讲。Stoptalking.别说话。否定祈使句(一般在句首加Don't.)1.Climbthetree,please.请爬树。(确定句)Don'tclimbthetree!不要爬树。(否定句)2.Openthedoor.打开门。(确定句)Don'topenthedoor.不要开门。(否定句)陈述句变祈使句1.Youcan'tmakefacesinclass.你不能在课堂上做鬼脸。Don'tmakefacesinclass.不要在课堂上做鬼脸。2.Youcan'treadinbed.你不要在床上看书。Don'treadinbed.不要在床上看书。真题回顾一、选择题。()1．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期中）Canyoutellmesomething______Americanfestival?A．at B．about C．on()2．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期中）Youcan______anotherstampnow.A．has B．having C．have()3．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期中）—What’syourhobby?—Myhobbyis______.A．takepictures B．takingpictures C．tookpictures()4．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期中）Wecan’tgotoChinatown,______it’snineo’clock.A．and B．but C．because()5．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期中）______thereanywaterinthebottle?A．Are B．Is C．Have()6．（22-23上·广东茂名·六班级统考期末）Here’smylibrary______.A．card B．acard C．cards()7．（22-23上·广东茂名·六班级统考期末）Lookatthephoto.Youare______yourroom.A．cleans B．cleaning C．clean()8．（22-23上·山西临汾·六班级统考期末）Damingsayshe________toyousoon.A．write B．willwrite C．writes()9．（22-23上·山西临汾·六班级统考期末）Mymother________manyphotosofmeyesterday.A．takes B．took C．take()10．（22-23上·山西临汾·六班级统考期末）Thereareflagsfrom________theworld.A．allaround B．allabout C．aroundall二、（22-23上·海南省直辖县级单位·六班级统考期末）从方框中选出下列句子的答语。A．Yes,Ido.B．MissZhang.C．Becauseshegotuplate.D．InChina.E．It’satrain.()11．Where’stheGreatWall?()12．Whywasshelate?()13．What’sthat?()14．WhoisyourEnglishteacher?()15．Doyoulikeplayinggames?三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。16．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）Heis(ride)hisbikeontheplaygroundnow.17．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）Elephantsuse(they)nosestodrinkwater.18．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）(have)JackgotabookaboutChina?19．（22-23上·山东德州·六班级校考期末）Amyshould(listen)carefullyinclass.20．（22-23上·山东德州·六班级校考期末）Max’shobbyis(ride)hisbicycle.21．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期末）Many(country)givepresentstotheUN.22．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期末）She(have)gotabeautifuldoll.Sheoftenplayswithit.23．（22-23上·山东潍坊·六班级统考期末）Lindacanswimverywell,so(swim)isherhobby.24．（22-23上·河南洛阳·五班级洛阳市其次外国语学校校联考期末）Animalsareourbestfriends.Let’stakecareof(they).25．（22-23上·河南洛阳·五班级洛阳市其次外国语学校校联考期末）Elephantseat(leaf).四、连词成句。26．（22-23上·山东聊城·六班级校考期末）want,Guilin,do,to,you,visit(?)27．（22-23上·山东聊城·六班级校考期末）postcards,from,are,these,China(.)28．（22-23上·山东德州·六班级校考期末）Shanghai,I,to,want,go,to(.)29．（22-23上·山东德州·六班级校考期末）eat,Pandas,twelve,a,hours,for,day(.)30．（22-23上·山东德州·六班级校考期末）you,Chinese,be,my,Can,friend(?)五、（22-23上·辽宁朝阳·六班级统考期末）依据句意，选择正确的图片，并翻译句子。A．

B．

C．

D．

E.()31．Bearsliketosleepinwinter.()32．Doyouoftenplaywithdolls?()33．ThisisthefamousChangjiangRiver.()34．HealsotookmanyphotosofSamandme.()35．Thesnakegetsfrightened.六、句型转换。36．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）Istherealetterforhim?(否定回答)37．（22-23上·河南平顶山·六班级统考期末）DoesyourfatherwanttogotoYan’an?(作确定回答)38．（22-23上·河南平顶山·六班级统考期末）HasLinglinggotastampfromChina?(作否定回答)39．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）Ioftendomyhomeworkafterschool.(把主语变为he)Heoftenhomeworkafterschool.40．（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）I’mgoingtoHainannextweekend.(对画线部分提问)areyounextweekend?七、（22-23上·河南周口·六班级统考期末）补全对话。A．Pleasehurry.A．Pleasehurry.B．Pleasebequiet.C．Howmuchisit?D．Whatareyougoingtodo?E．Hereisthemoney.Jack:John,Let’sgotothebookstore.John:OK!41Jack:I’mgoingtobuyabook.John:42Itwillcloseatfive.Atthebookstore.John:Look!Somanybooks.Seller:43John:Sorry!Jack:Ithinkthisbookisverygood.44Seller:It’stenyuan.Jack:45Seller:Thankyou.八、（22-23上·四川乐山·六班级统考期末）完形填空。Mr.Blackhastwo46.Oneisbigandtheotherissmall.Helikesthemverymuch.OnedayhisgoodfriendMr.Greencomesto47him.Hefindstherearetwoholes(洞)inthe48,abigholeandasmallone.Hesays,“Mydearfriend,whyaretheretwoholesinyourdoor?”“Toletmydogs49andout,”MrBlackanswers.“ButoneholeisOK.”sayshisfriend.“Howcanthebigdoggothrough(通过)the50hole?”Mr.Blackasks.()46．A．dogs B．cats()47．A．buy B．visit()48．A．door B．window()49．A．to B．in()50．A．small B．tall九、（22-23上·山东聊城·六班级校考期末）仿写。例：often/rideabike→Heoftenridesabike.51．never/playbasketball52．always/walktoschool十、（22-23上·河南平顶山·六班级统考期末）依据短文内容，推断下列句子正(T)误(F)。Thecleversquirrel(松鼠)Thereisalittlesquirrelinatree.Afoxcomesandseesher.Hewantstoeather.Hesays,“Yourfathercanclosehiseyesandjump.Canyou?”Thelittlesquirrelanswers,“Yes,Ican.”Shecloseshereyesandjumps.Shefalls(掉落)downfromthetree.Thefoxcatches(抓住)thelittlesquirrelandsays,“Haha!Icatchyou.Iwilleatyou.”“Waitaminute(一会儿).Letmeaskyouaquestion.Yourfatheralwayswasheshishandsbeforeheeats.Whataboutyou?”saysthelittlesquirrel.Thefoxanswers,“Metoo.”Whenthefoxputsdownthelittlesquirrel,thelittlesquirrelrunsuptothetreequickly.“Haha!Goodbye,MrFox.”()53．Thestoryisaboutafoxandalittlesquirrel.()54．Thefoxfindsthesquirrelinahole.()55．Thefoxwantstoeatthesquirrel.()56．Thesquirrelissafe(平安的)atlast.()57．Thefoxiscleverer(更聪慧的)thanthesquirrel.提升训练一、选择题。(

)1．Thelightisred.Please________.A．don’tcross B．cross C．walk(

)2．TheWestLakeisinHangzhou.It’sinthe________ofChina.A．west B．east C．north(

)3．Pleasewrite_______meandwecanbefriends.A．for B．to C．at(

)4．They_______onFlagDay.A．singsong B．singsongs C．singssong(

)5．—HowbigisBeijing?—Beijing_______gotabouttwentymillionpeople.A．is B．has C．have(

)6．What_______they_______onThanksgivingDay?A．do;doing B．do;do C．doing;do(

)7．Simoncan’t_______books.A．reads B．read C．reading(

)8．Haveyougot_______dolls?A．some B．any C．a(

)9．Youcanspeakvery_____English.A．best B．well C．good(

)10．—Whoisshe?—______ismyfriend.______nameisSarah.A．She;She B．She;Her C．Her;She二、选词填空。11．Canyou(are/be)myChinesepenfriend?12．OnThanksgivingDay,wesay“thankyou”(for/at)ourfamilyandfriends.13．Haveyougot(some/any)stampsfromCanada?14．There(are/is)Chinesedancing.15．Beijinghasgotabouttwenty(million/millions)people.16．Pandaseatfortwelve(hours/hour)aday.17．Look!Jackis(eat/eating)anapplethere.18．Here(is/are)aknifeandfork.19．Theylike(sleep/sleeping)inwinter.20．Linglingcan’twrite(in/with)French.三、选出相对应的答句。A．HehasgotaChinesedragonkite.B．IliveinNewYork.C．No,Ihaven’t.D．AbookaboutChina.E．Flyingkites.(

)21．Whatbookhaveyougot?(

)22．What’syourhobby?(

)23．HaveyougotaletterfromNewYork?(

)24．Wheredoyoulive?(

)25．WhathasDaminggot?四、请为句中划线单词选择正确的汉语意思。A．故事

B．国家

C．舞蹈

D．听起来

E.竞赛(

)26．TheUSisabigcountry.(

)27．ThereisChinesedancing.(

)28．Weallgotoseethedragonboatrace.(

)29．Thatsoundsnice. (

)30．IcanwritestoryinEnglish.五、连词成句。31．in,America,NewYork,the,is,of,east(.)32．a,map,big,What,China,of(!)33．tell,about,the,Wall,Great,me,more(.)34．me,this,about,tell,more,place(.)35．presents,we,and,give,cards,send(.)六、句型转换。36．MyfatherisinBeijingwithhisfriend.(对画线部分提问)inBeijingwithhisfriend?37．I’vegotsomebooksfromChina.(改为一般疑问句)38．CollectingdollsisJane’shobby.(改为一般疑问句)39．Theschoolisintheeast.(改为否定句)40．Walkonthegrass.(改为否定句)onthegrass!七、依据短文内容，补全对话。A．Istakingphotosyourhobby?A．Istakingphotosyourhobby?B．Whatareyoudoing?C．Doyouoftenplaywithdolls?D．Whereisit?E．Howlongisit?A:Hi,Sam.41B:Hi,Jack.I’mlookingatmyphotos.A:Whatalotofphotos!42B:Yes,itis.Iliketakingphotos.Pleaselookatthisone.It’sgotapictureoftheGreatWallonit.A:CanyoutellmemoreabouttheGreatWall?43B:It’smorethantwentythousandkilometreslong.A:It’sreallylong.Andlookatthisone.Youareplayingwithdolls.44B:Notveryoften.A:Lookatthisone.Whatabigbuilding!B:Yes,it’stheUNbuilding.A:45B:It’sinNewYork.八、阅读短文，选出正确的答案。Ihaveapenfriend.HernameisAnna.ShelivesinCanada.Canadaisaverybigcountryandshelivesinthewest.Annaisabeautifulgirl.Shehasgotlongcurly(卷曲的)yellowhairandtwobigblueeyes.Shelikesdancingandpainting.Shehasgotabrother.Theydon’tlivenearanyschools,sotheirmotherteachesthemathome.Theyhaveclassesinthemorning.Theyoftengoswimmingandridetheirhorsesintheafternoon.Anna’sfavouriteanimalispandas.She’sgotlotsofpicturesofpandas,butshedoesn’tseethem.ShewantstovisitSichuanandseethepandasnextyear.(

)46．Annaisa_______girl.A．American B．Canadian C．Chinese(

)47．Annahasgot_______hair.A．black B．yellow C．blue(

)48．Annalikes_______.A．dancing B．painting C．BothAandB(

)49．Annastudies_______.A．athome B．atschool C．atthepark(

)50．Annawantstoseepandas_______.A．Tomorrow B．nextyear C．nextmonth九、看图，仿按例句写对话。例：—Do