四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters常考点

单选题1、—Tomorrow

is

Teachers’

Day.

What

is

your

surprise

for

our

English

teacher?—The

first

thing

________

I

will

do

is

to

make

an

English

card

for

her.A．whoB．whichC．whoseD．that答案：D考查定语从句。句意：——明天是教师节。你给我们的英语老师什么惊喜？——我要做的第一件事是给她做一张英语卡。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是thing，被序数词first修饰，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，只用关系代词that。故选D项。2、From

monuments

________define

history,

to

towering

skyscrapers,

to

a

little

red

lighthouse

under

a

huge

suspension

bridge,

you’ll

be

treated

to

spectacular

views.A．whenB．thatC．whereD．whose答案：B考查定语从句。句意：从定义历史的纪念碑，到高耸的摩天大楼，到巨大吊桥下的红色小灯塔，您将看到壮观的景色。此处为定语从句修饰先行词monuments，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故选B。3、He

bought

a

new

building

_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．whose答案：D考查定语从句。句意：他买了一幢新楼，它的顶部和周围其他的不同。句中包含定语从句，先行词是building，_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作top的定语，指楼的顶部，用关系代词whose引导。故选D。4、We

study

in

a

classroom

______

windows

face

to

the

south.A．whoseB．whichC．whereD．that答案：A考查定语从句。句意：我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句，先行词为a

classroom，关系词在从句中充当定语成分，表示the

classroom's，应用whose。故选A项。5、Matter

is

anything

______.A．that

take

up

space

and

have

weightB．which

take

up

space

and

have

weightC．that

takes

up

space

and

has

weightD．those

take

up

space

and

have

weight答案：C考查定语从句。句意：物质是任何占据空间并有重量的东西。分析句子结构可知，anything后跟定语从句，anything是不定代词，其后的关系代词只能用that不能用which，因此排除选项B和D，that指代先行词anything，是不定代词，由is可知，句子时态是一般现在时，因此其后谓语动词用第三人称单数，因此空格处是that

takes

up

space

and

has

weight，故选C。6、The

house,

___________I

bought

last

year,

needs

to

be

repaired.A．whichB．whereC．thatD．when答案：A考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我去年买的房子需要修理。分析句子结构可知，非限制性定语从句当中缺少宾语，先行词是the

house，所以应用关系代词which来引导。故选A。7、After

several

______

to

climb

Qomolangma,

he

finally

reached

the

top

of

it.A．attemptsB．attacksC．chaptersD．disasters答案：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几次攀登珠峰的尝试，他终于登上了山顶。A.

attempts尝试；B.

attacks攻击；C.

chapters(书的)章，篇，回；D.

disasters灾难。根据后文“he

finally

reached

the

top

of

it”可知，他最终到达顶峰，所以应该是经过几次尝试了。故选A项。8、As

a

respected

zoological

institution,

SeaWorld

not

only

________,

rehabilitates

and

returns

to

nature

hundreds

of

wild

animals

every

year

but

also

generously

________

conservation

and

scientific

research.A．rescues

…

focuses

onB．rescues

…

fundsC．releases

…

focuses

onD．releases

…

funds答案：B考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个受人尊敬的动物学机构，海洋世界不仅每年拯救、治疗数百种野生动物，让它们回归自然，而且还慷慨资助动物保护和科学研究。rescue搭救，解救；release释放，解放；focus

on集中精力于；fund资助。分析句子可知，第一空“解救，治疗和放回自然”符合逻辑顺序，因此填rescue；第二空，根据空前generously可知，此空填拨款，资助。故选B项。9、The

new

law

has

come

into

______________

and

it

will

surely

______________

the

industry

of

the

country.A．affect;

effectB．effect;

effectC．affect;

affectD．effect;

affect答案：D考查effect和affect的用法。句意：新法律已经生效，它肯定会影响这个国家的工业。come

into

effect为固定搭配，意为＂生效，开始实施＂；affect＂影响＂；effect作名词讲时，表示＂作用，影响＂；作动词讲时，表示＂实现＂。第二空助动词will后用动词原形affect，根据句意和分析句子成分可知，D项正确。故选D。10、The

man

________

coat

is

black

is

waiting

at

the

gate.A．who’sB．whoseC．thatD．of

which答案：B考查定语从句。句意：穿黑色外套的那个人正在门口等着。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是man，关系词在从句中作定语，和coat是所属关系，应用whose引导。故选B项。11、The

prize

will

go

to

the

writer

________story

shows

the

most

imagination.A．thatB．whichC．whoseD．who答案：C考查定语从句。句意：该奖将授予故事表现出最丰富想象力的作家。分析句子可知，

writer为先行词，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故选C项。12、We

sell

a

lot

of

products

abroad

and

the

opportunity

to

open-up

markets

in

regions

________

we

don’t

currently

sell

a

lot

to

is

a

great

one.A．whereB．thatC．whatD．when答案：B考查定语从句。句意：我们在海外销售了很多产品，在目前销量不大的地区打开市场的机会非常大。空处引导定语从句，先行词regions，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that引导。故选B。13、Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation,

especially

________

containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States

is

a

difficult

thing.

A．whichB．oneC．thatD．it答案：B考查不定代词。句意：要了解一个国家的文化习惯，尤其是像美国这样一个集成了多种文化国家的文化，是很困难的。A.

which指代物；B.

one一个；C.

that指代人或物；D.

it它。通过句子结构判断，整句话中只有一个谓语动词is，所以不能使用从句的引导词，排除A和C，同时it指代的是同类同物，表示特指，不符合题意。整个句子的主语是Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation，one作为同位语，泛指前文提到的一个国家的文化习惯。后面的containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States是对one进行修饰，使用的是现在分词作后置定语。故选B。14、The

only

thing________can

be

done

is

to

stop

them

from

going

there.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．who答案：A考查定语从句。句意：唯一能做的就是阻止他们去那里。分析句子结构，________can

be

done是一个定语从句，修饰先行词The

only

thing，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，当先行词被the

only修饰时，用that不用which，故选A。15、This

is

the

first

birthday

gift

________

I

received.

I’ve

kept

it

many

years.A．whichB．thatC．whoD．what答案：B考查定语从句。句意：这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我已经保存了很多年了。空处引导定语从句，在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词gift被序数词first修饰，所以应用关系代词that。故选B。16、With

more

and

more

forests

_______,

we

must

take

action

to

protect

our

earth.A．destroyingB．destroyedC．to

destroyD．are

destroyed答案：B考查过去分词。句意：随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，我们必须采取行动去保护我们的地球。空格处是with的复合结构中的宾补，由于宾补和宾语

forests

是被动关系，因此要用过去分词。故选B。17、During

the

pandemic,

all

patients

and

their

families,

without

________,

must

carry

their

ID

card

and

show

their

health

QR

code

before

entering

the

hospital.A．permissionB．effortC．exceptionD．access答案：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疾病大流行期间，所有患者及其家属，无一例外，在进入医院前都必须携带身份证并出示健康二维码。A.

permission许可；B.

effort努力；C.

exception例外；D.

access通道。根据句意和句中“all

patients

and

their

families”可知，句中强调的是所有患者及其家属，无一例外，“exception”意为“例外”，名词词性，“without

exception”意为“无一例外”。故选C项。18、Sophia

Scott

started

a

free

tutoring

service

to

help

anyone

________

had

difficulty

catching

up.A．whoseB．thatC．whomD．who答案：D考查定语从句。句意：索菲亚·斯科特开始了一项免费辅导服务，帮助赶上有困难的人。句中先行词为anyone，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选D。

19、Those

______

achieve

great

things

are

the

ones

willing

to

be

scared

but

not

scared

off.A．whatB．whoC．whichD．whom答案：B考查定语从句。句意：那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Those指人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故选B。20、People

________

interest

is

exploring

the

relationship

between

art

and

science

will

enjoy

Singapore’s

ArtScience

Museum.A．WhoB．whichC．whomD．whose答案：D考查定语从句。句意：有兴趣探索艺术与科学之间关系的人将参观新加坡艺术科学博物馆。分析句子可知，people为先行词，作定语从句interest的定语，关系代词为whose。故选D项。完成句子21、在紧急情况下，我们应该保持镇静，这点至关重要。We

should

______________

in

case

of

emergency,

which

matters

much.答案：calm

ourselves

down考查固定短语。固定短语：calm

down

冷静下来；根据汉语提示，本句主语为we，宾语也是说我们，所以宾语用ourselves，据此可知，空白处填calm

ourselves

down，故填calm

ourselves

down。22、After

the

terrible

earthquake,

the

homeless

need___________________.可怕的地震过后，无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水，还需要合适的住所。答案：not

only

food

and

water

but

also

proper

shelter考查并列连词和名词。根据句意，空处应用并列连词“not

only…but

also”并列名词“食物和水”food

and

water（不可数名词）和名词短语“合适的住所”proper

shelter（此处shelter为抽象名词，不可数）。故填not

only

food

and

water

but

also

proper

shelter。23、狗把骨头埋在花园里。The

dog

had

__________________

in

the

garden.答案：buried

its

bone考查时态。根据汉语提示可知，“埋在”译为“bury”在句子中作谓语动词。跟句子主语the

dog是主动关系，与空格前的had构成过去完成时，所以谓语结构为had

buried。“骨头”译为“bone”，又根据句意可知，此处指“它的骨头”，故在bone前加上形容词性物主代词its。故填buried

its

bone。24、只有那些有很多共同之处的人才能相处得好。Only

those

_________________________________

can

get

along

well.答案：who

have

much/a

lot

in

common考查定语从句。结合汉语提示可知，此处为含有who引导的定语从句，其内容为“那些有很多共同之处的人”，分析可知，those为先行词，在从句中作主语，所以空处为用关系代词who引导的定语从句。表示“有很多共同之处”用have

much/a

lot

in

common，故填who

have

much/a

lot

in

common。25、The

economy

is

beginning

to_________（复苏）.

(根据汉语意思完成句子)答案：revive考查非谓语动词。句意：经济开始复苏。revive意为“复苏”，分析句子结构，begin

to

do为固定用法，意为“开始做”，设空出需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式作宾语。故填revive。26、多达100,000人观看了这场拳击赛。________________

100,000

people

watched

the

boxing

game.答案：As

many

as考查固定短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要翻译“多达”，且修饰可数名词people，应用固定短语as

many

as。位于句首首字母大写。故填As

many

as。27、去年他饱受饥寒交迫之苦。He________

________

________

________

________cold

and

hunger

last

year.答案：

suffered

a

great

deal

from考查短语。表示“受……之苦”短语为suffer

from；“饱受”表示程度，用a

great

deal修饰。根据last

year可知，此事是去年发生，用一般过去时。故填suffered

a

great

deal

from。28、随时都有急诊服务，并提供医疗咨询。The

emergency

services

were

____________

with

medical

advice.答案：on

hand考查固定短语。根据句意可知此处需要表达“随时，在手边”，是固定短语on

hand。故填on

hand。29、一句多译令全世界震惊的是，这架飞机起飞几分钟后就坠毁了。1

.________

was

that

the

plane

crashed

just

minutes

after

take-off.

（主语从句）2

.The

plane

crashed

just

minutes

after

take-off,

________.（定语从句）答案：

What

shocked

the

world

which

shocked

the

world1

.考查主语从句。“令……震惊”应该翻译为shock，根据要求用主语从句翻译“令某人……是”，应该用连接代词what引导这个主语从句；根据后面的was，主语从句应该用过去时。故翻译为What

shocked

the

world。2

.考查定语从句。“令……震惊”应该翻译为shock，根据要求用定语从句翻译“飞机坠毁”这件事“令世界震惊”，要用一个关系代词代指逗号前的“飞机坠毁”这件事，并且引导非限制性定语从句，只能用which；根据前面主句的时态是一般过去时，从句应该用一般过去时。故翻译为which

shocked

the

world。30、这位老妇人在儿子去世后遭受了巨大的痛苦。The

old

lady________

________

________after

her

son

died.答案：

suffered

great

pain考查时态、形容词和名词。结合从句谓语died可知，本句时态用一般过去时，表示“遭受”可用动词suffer，且用动词的过去式形式suffered；表示“巨大的”可用形容词great作定语；表示“痛苦”可用名词pain作宾语。故答案为①suffered②great③pain。语法填空31、Our

life

is

becoming

better

and

better

while

in

some

countries

there

are

still

some

people___________(suffer)from

hunger.

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：suffering考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的生活变得越来越好了，然而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受着饥饿。分析句子可知，此处应用动词非谓语形式作定语，空处与逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语，故应用suffering。故填suffering。32、He

got

up

late

and

hurried

to

his

office,

________

(leave)

the

breakfast

untouched.

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：leaving考查现在分词做状语。句意：他起得很晚，匆匆赶到办公室，早餐还没动。固定短语：leave

sth.undone某事没有被做。分析句子可知，本句的谓语为get

up和hurry，所以动词leave要用非谓语，主语he和leave为主谓关系，所以leave用现在分词作结果状语，表示理所应当的结果。故填leaving。33、He

said

they

did

not

want

war-but

if

attacked

they

would

fight

to

the

_______(die).

(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：death考查名词。句意：他说他们不想要战争——但如果受到攻击，他们会战斗到死。分析句子，设空处应该使用die的名词death作宾语，抽象概念，不可数。故填death。34、Around

540

million

people__________(affect)

by

second­hand

smoke,

which

causes

100，000

deaths

per

year．(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：are

affected考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：大约5.4亿人受到二手烟的影响，每年造成10万人死亡。根据时间状语per

year和空后by

secondhand

smoke可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态：be

done，主语是复数people，所以空处be动词需用are。故填are

affected。35、We

chose

to

buy

the

house

________window

faces

south.

(用适当的词填空)答案：whose考查定语从句。句意：我们决定买那座窗户朝南的房子。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the

house，关系词与window是所属关系，在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。根据句意，故填whose。36、Today

the

number

of

people

learning

English

in

China_______(

increase

)

rapidly.

（用单词适当形式填空）答案：is

increasing考查时态。句意：当今，在中国，学习英语的人数正在迅速增加。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语Today可知描述的是现在正在发生的事情，所以用现在进行时态，主语the

number

为单三人称，结合主谓一致可知答案为is

increasing。37、Two

of

the

authors

of

the

review

also

made

a

study

published

in

2014

________

showed

a

mere

five

to

10

minutes

a

day

of

running

reduced

the

risk

of

heart

disease

and

earl