高考总复习英语（人教版）教师用书选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors

Unit5Meetingyourancestors[话题单词]1．primitiveadj. 原始的2．civilizationn. 文明3．ancientadj. 古代的4．dynastyn. 朝代5．historiann. 历史学家6．ruinsn. 废墟7．racialadj. 种族的8．hardshipn. 苦难9．ancestorn. 祖先10．replacev. 取代[话题短语]1．culturalrelics文化遗产2．inhistory历史上3．ignorethetradition忽视传统4．historicrelics历史遗产5．culturaldifferences/gap文化差异6．liveon继续存在7．datebackto/datefrom追溯到8．have/possessahistoryof有……的历史9．treasureeverymomentyouhave珍惜你拥有的每一刻10．cherishtoday珍视今天[话题佳句]1．Wehumanbeingshaveamonancestor.我们人类拥有一个共同的祖先。2．Somerecordsofancientcivilizationwerediscoveredrecently.最近发现了一些古代文明的纪录。3．Fromancienttimesourforefathershavelaboured，livedandmultipliedonthisland.自古以来，我们的祖先就劳动、生息、繁衍在这块土地上。[佳作背诵]假如你是Joe，你的美国朋友Chris目前在北京学习汉语，他对中国传统文化非常感兴趣。本周五下午你校将要举办一个文化讲座，请你根据以下提示给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加。1．农业大学张教授讲解中国茶文化的历史和传播；2．讲座后有交流和品茶活动；3．你将陪同Chris并帮其翻译讲解。[佳作欣赏]HiChris，Goodnews！TherewillbealectureinourschoolthisFridayafternoon.ProfessorZhangfromUniversityofAgriculturewilltellusaboutthehistoryandspreadofChinesetea.Thiswillbefollowedbyateapartyandyoucantastedifferentkindsofteawhilechattingwithteachersandstudentsofourschool.Iwonderifyouwanttoparticipateinit.Don’tworryaboutthelanguage.I’llbewithyouandexplainwhatyoudon’tunderstand.Ifyoudonothaveanypriorappointmentthen，Iamlookingforwardtoyouring.Yours，Joe一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用1．核心词汇①interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔②assumevt.假定；设想assumptionn．假定；假设③arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留④starvationn．挨饿；饿死starvevi.挨饿；饿死⑤accuracyn．精确；准确accurateadj.准确的；精确的⑥messyadj.凌乱的；脏的messn．凌乱；脏⑦analysisn．分析analysespl.analysevt.分析⑧significancen．意义；重要性significantadj.重要的⑨divisionn．分割；分配；分界线dividev．分割；划分；分配⑩sharpadj.尖的；锋利的sharpenvt.(使)锋利sharpenern．磨具；削具2．常考词汇①alternativen．可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的②deletevt.删；删除③acceleratevi.&vt.加速；促进④categoryn．种类；类别；范畴⑤academyn．学院；学会用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Aputeranalysis(analyse)blindlyparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks，rankingthembysimilarity.(2017·江苏卷)2．Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomical(天文的；极大的)incidents.Butalternative(alternative)explanationsarehardtofind.(2017·江苏卷)3．Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceis_not_interrupted(notinterrupt)tooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)4．ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshow，whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvation(starve)inthewild.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)5．OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificant(significance)increaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage，withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas.(2016·天津卷)6．Thegroundhogstilldidn’thaveaproblemwithmescratching(scratch)herback，andIgotanidea.(2015·四川卷)7．Youneedtolearnhowtosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also，youneedtochecktheaccuracy(accurate)ofit.(2015·湖南卷)8．Incolonies(群体)thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillions，theyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivision(divide)oflabor.(2015·安徽卷)❶－cy名词后缀(表示“……的性质；……的状态”)高频词速记①accuracy正确，准确(度)；精确②efficiency效率；效能③emergency紧急情况④fluency流畅，流利⑤frequency屡次，频率，频繁⑥privacy隐退，隐避，隐居⑦tendency倾向，趋势❷情感态度族群①relief解除，减轻②relieve使脱离，解脱③relax放松④relaxed放松的⑤mood心情⑥hesitate犹豫⑦exhausting使筋疲力尽的⑧guilty有罪的，犯了错误的⑨calm平静的，使平静⑩envy羡慕，忌妒⑪jealous妒忌的，吃醋的⑫sympathy同情⑬takeiteasy不要紧张❸condemn相关词荟萃①condemnvt.谴责②accuse/chargevt.起诉③scoldvt.责骂④criticizevt.批评⑤punishvt.惩罚❹“fort”家族①fortn．舒适②fortableadj.舒适的③fortablyadv.舒适地④unfortableadj.不舒服的⑤unfortablyadv.不舒服地❺fortune相关词一览(1)①fortunen．运气②fortunateadj.幸运的③fortunatelyadv.幸运地④unfortunateadj.不幸的⑤unfortunatelyadv.不幸地(2)①luckn．运气②luckyadj.幸运的③luckilyadv.幸运地④unluckyadj.不幸的⑤unluckilyadv.不幸地二．重点短语→识记·思考·运用1．动词短语①cutup切碎②lookahead向前看；为将来打算③datebackto追溯到……④keepout关在门外；不准入内⑤befedupwith受够了；饱受；厌烦⑥beawareof知道2．其他形式①regardlessof不管；不顾②atmost至多；最多用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1．Regardless_ofyourchoiceofcourse，you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.(2016·天津卷)2．Iwouldn’tliketoworktogetherwithhim，Iam_fed_up_withhislazinessandcarelessness.3．Wheneverweareintrouble，wemustlook_aheadandencourageourselves.4．Chinesecurrencycandate_back_totwothousandyearsago.5．Cut_upthemeatbeforeyouputthemintothepot.❶with＋名词“……地”速记①withrelief放心地②withcaution小心地③withcertainty确切地④withcourage勇敢地⑤withconfidence自信地❷“厌烦，讨厌”一族速记①betiredof厌烦于②beboredof厌倦于③besickof讨厌④disgust使厌烦⑤annoying厌烦的⑥troublesome厌烦的❸“be＋adj.＋to”结构小结①besuperiorto比……优越/年长②beseniorto...比……年长/资历深③bejuniorto...比……年轻/资历浅④beinferiorto...次于……；不如……⑤besimilarto与……相似⑥befamiliarto为……所熟悉三．佳句选粹——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.Yes，indeed，asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾是一个很大浅水湖的一部分。句中as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如”。正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover，”as_the_old_saying_goes.2.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”。今年春节全家能团圆就好了！If_only_the_whole_family_could_be_unitedduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear！3.Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。onlytodosth.“不料；结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。Hehurriedtothetheatre，only_to_be_toldthattheticketshadbeensoldout.alternativeadj.供选择的；其他的n．可能的选择；选择对象(1)analternativeto……的替代品havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事there’snoalternative...……别无选择(2)alternativeenergy替代能源；新能源alternativefuel代用燃料；可替代燃料alternativemethod替代的方法①(教材原句)Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?你能想出我们今天使用的替代品吗？表示“别无选择，只得……”的表达方式还有：havenochoicebuttodo；can’tchoosebutdo；can’t(help)butdo；candonothingbutdo②Hehadnoalternativebutto_admit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hehadnochoicebutto_admit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecoulddonothingbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecouldnotchoosebutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecouldnothelpbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.他除了承认他错了别无选择。interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止(1)interruptsb./sth.(withsth.)(因某事)打断某人/某事(2)interruptionn．打扰；插嘴；阻断物withoutinterruption连续地；不断地①(教材原句)I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?对不起，打断了你的讲话，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？②Tradebetweenthetwocountrieswas_interrupted(interrupt)bythewar.两国之间的贸易被战争中断了。③Shehaskeptupphysicaltrainingforseveralyearswithoutinterruption(interrupt)．她坚持体育锻炼，多年来从未间断。assumev．假定；设想；假装；承担(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假设某人/某事为,Itisassumedthat...……被认为))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(assumptionn.假定；假设,makeanassumption认为，假定,ontheassumptionthat假定))(3)assumingthat...假设/假定……①(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。②Assuming(assume)thattheproposalisaccepted，whenarewegoingtogetthemoney?假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？③(2016·江苏卷)Inartcriticism，youmustassume(assumption)theartisthasasecretmessagehiddenwithinthework.在艺术评议中，你一定要设想艺术家作品中隐含的信息。significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义(1)beofsignificance/help＝besignificant/helpful有意义/帮助beofnosignificance无意义/不重要beoflittlesignificance不太重要(2)significantadj.重要的①(教材原句)Hisuniversitywasawareofthesignificanceofhiswork.他所在的大学知道他的工作的重要性。②Inmyopinion，itisamatterofgreatsignificance.依我看来，这是一个非常重要的问题。③单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)UNESCOrecentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance(significant),anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.regardlessof不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)(1)regardlessof不顾；不管regardlessofthefactthat...不顾……的事实inspiteof＝despite虽然，尽管(2)asregards＝regarding＝in/withregardto关于，至于regardingprep.关于；至于(3)regard...as...把……当作……①(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。②(2016·天津卷)Regardless(regard)ofyourchoiceofcourse，you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.不管你选什么课程，你都会快捷高效地发展你的语言能力。(1)regardlessof...强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，而despite和inspiteof有“尽管……但是”之意。(2)regardlessof后可跟whether、what引导的从句，而inspiteof和despite后不可接从句。③Hesayswhathethinks，regardlessofotherpeople’sfeelings(feel)．他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到……(1)datefrom/backto追溯到；始于；自……至今(后接表过去的时间)todate迄今为止uptodate最新的；现代的outofdate过时的；废弃的make/haveadatewithsb.与某人约定某个时间；与某人约会set/fixadate(forsth.)确定一个日期(子)①(教材原句)AlltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinSanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktobetween3,000and5,000yearsago.所有物品都来自于三星堆遗址，它们能追溯到3000至5000年前。②Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthetower，whichdates(date)backto/fromasearlyas800yearsago.每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。datebackto和datefrom一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。③Thisisanoldbuildingdating(date)backto/fromthe16thcentury.这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。fedupwith受够了；饱受；厌烦(1)feedsb./sth.on/withsth.用……喂……fedup吃得过饱，极其厌倦feedsth.tosb./sth.喂……给……feedonsth.(动物)以……为食，靠……活feedup养肥；使厌倦(2)betiredof厌烦……①(教材原句