全国统考2025届高考英语一轮复习练习选修9Units34课时作业含解析

PAGE二十九选修9Units3、4(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·衡水中学模拟)PigeonsinLondonhaveabadreputation.Somepeoplecallthemflyingrats.Andmanyblamethemforcausingpollutionwiththeirdroppings.Butnowthebirdsarebeingusedtofightanotherkindofpollutioninthiscityof8.5million.“Theproblemforairpollutionisthatit’sbeenlargelyignoredasanissueforalongtime,”saysAndreaLee,whoworksfortheLondon-basedenvironmentalorganizationClientEarth.“Peopledon’trealizehowbaditis,andhowitactuallyaffectstheirhealth.London’spoorairqualityislinkedtonearly10,000earlydeathsayear.”Leesays,citing(引用)areportreleasedbythecitymanagerlastyear.Ifpeoplewerebetterinformedaboutthepollutionthey’rebreathing,shesays,theycouldpressurethegovernmenttodosomethingaboutit.Nearby,onawindyhillinLondon’sRegent’sPark,anexperimentisunderwaythatcouldhelp—thefirstweekofflightsbythePigeonAirPatrol.ItallbeganwhenPierreDuquesnoy,thedirectorforDigitasLBi,amarketingfirm,wonaLondonDesignFestivalcontestlastyeartoshowhowaworldproblemcouldbesolvedusingTwitter.Duquesnoy,fromFrance,chosetheproblemofairpollution.“Basically,Irealizedhowimportanttheproblemwas,”hesays.“ButalsoIrealizedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmedidn’tknowanythingaboutit.”Duquesnoysayshewantstobettermeasurepollution,whileatthesametimemakingtheresultsaccessibletothepublicthroughTwitter.“So”,hewondered,“howcouldwegoacrossthecityquicklycollectingasmuchdataaspossible?”Droneswerehisfirstthought.Butit’sillegaltoflythemoverLondon.“ButpigeonscanflyaboveLondon,right?”hesays.“Theylive—actually,theyareLondonersaswell.So,yeah,Ithoughtaboutusingpigeonsequippedwithmobileapps.Andwecanusenotjuststreetpigeons,butracingpigeons,becausetheyflyprettyquicklyandprettylow.”SoitmightbetimeforLondonerstohavemorerespectfortheirpigeons.Thebirdsmayjustbehelpingtoimprovethequalityofthecity’sair.【文章大意】文章介绍了一个用鸽子监测伦敦空气质量的创意。1.WhatcanweinferaboutLondon’sairqualityfromParagraph2?A.Londonersareverysatisfiedwithit.B.Thegovernmentistryingtoimproveit.C.Londonersshouldpaymoreattentiontoit.D.Thegovernmenthasdonealottoimproveit.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据其次段中“Theproblemforairpollutionisthatit’sbeenlargelyignoredasanissueforalongtime,”以及Peopledon’trealizehowbaditis,andhowitactuallyaffectstheirhealth.由此推断出,伦敦人应当更关注伦敦的空气质量,故选C。2.DuquesnoyattendedtheLondonDesignFestivalto_______.

A.entertainLondonersB.solveaworldproblemC.designaproductforsaleD.protectanimalslikepigeons【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第三段中ItallbeganwhenPierreDuquesnoy,thedirectorforDigitasLBi,amarketingfirm,wonaLondonDesignFestivalcontestlastyeartoshowhowaworldproblemcouldbesolvedusingTwitter.可知,Duquesnoy参与伦敦设计节是为了解决一个世界性的问题,故选B。3.WhydidDuquesnoygiveupusingdronestoflyacrossLondon?A.Becausetheyaretooexpensive.B.Becausetheyflytooquickly.C.Becausetheyareforbidden.D.Becausetheyflytoohigh.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据第五段中Butit’sillegaltoflythemoverLondon.由此可知,最初,Duquesnoy想用无人机飞越伦敦监测空气质量,但是因为市内禁止无人机飞行,所以他放弃了这个想法,故选C。4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CleanairinLondonB.London’sdirtysecretC.London’snewpollutionfighterD.CausesofairpollutioninLondon【解析】选C。主旨大意题。依据第一段中Butnowthebirdsarebeingusedtofightanotherkindofpollutioninthiscityof8.5million.和最终一段SoitmightbetimeforLondonerstohavemorerespectfortheirpigeons.Thebirdsmayjustbehelpingtoimprovethequalityofthecity’sair.可知,这篇文章主要讲了Duquesnoy用鸽子监测伦敦空气质量,引起人们关注空气污染,鸽子成了伦敦新的环保战士,故选C。B(2024·长沙模拟)Lizard(蜥蜴)speciesmayalreadyhavedeclinedpastthepointofnoreturnintheworld.Whatisthereason?Risingtemperatures.Researchersestimatethatasmuchas40percentoflizardspeciesworldwidewilldieoutby2080.Theproblemisthattemperaturesinmanyregionswherelizardslivehavechangedtoofastfortheanimalstokeeppace.BarrySinervofromtheDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyattheUniversityofCaliforniainSantaCruz,alongwithcolleaguesfromacrosstheglobe,reachedthatconclusionbytakingcurrentdataonMexicanlizards.Theyalsoestimatedthat4percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.Thatnumbercouldjumpto20percentby2080ifcarbondioxidelevelsaren’tloweredtoreducewarming.Theteamlooked48speciesofSceloporuslizardat200sitesaroundMexico.Thesiteswerefirstsampledfrom1975to1995.By2010,researchcouldnotfindlizardsat12percentofthosesites.Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothelizardsthatlayeggs.“Live-bearershavelowerbodytemperaturesthatheightentheriskofdying,”Sinervosaidinastatement.“Wearewatchingthesespeciesdisappearbeforeoureyes.”Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.ManyMexicanlizardspeciesliveinhighaltitude“islands”,whereclimatechangehappensthefastest.Thelizardscannotadjustfastenoughtosurvive.Thescientistssaytheydonotthinktheanimalsarelikelytosavethemselvesjustbymovingsomewhereelseeither.“HowquicklycanEarth’slizardsadapttotherisingglobaltemperatures?That’stheimportantquestion,”Sinervosaidinapressrelease.“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”【文章大意】文章介绍了由于气温的上升,蜥蜴物种的数量可能已经下降到了不行逆转的地步。5.Whichofthefollowinglizardsfaceahigherriskofdyingout?A.Lizardsatlowaltitudes.B.Lizardsthatbeartheiryoung.C.Lizardsthatlayeggs.D.Lizardsinastableenvironment.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段中“Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothelizardsthatlayeggs.(探讨人员指出,与产卵的蜥蜴相比,生育幼崽的蜥蜴尤其面临灭亡的危急。)”可知,生育幼崽的蜥蜴面临更大的灭亡风险。故选B。6.AccordingtoBarrySinervoandhiscolleagues,_______.

A.theirconclusionisbasedoncurrentdataonvariouskindsoflizardsB.20percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwideC.theyareuncertainabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspeciesD.theyareseeinghighlandspeciesmovingdownward【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据文章第五段“Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.(探讨人员说,尽管目前的证据表明气候改变正在影响很多物种的栖息地范围,但气候改变将在多大程度上影响物种仍有很多不确定性。)”可知,BarrySinervo和他的同事们不确定气候改变会在多大程度上影响物种。故选C。7.Theuplandlizardsareaffectedgreatlybytheclimatechangebecauseof_______.

A.theirlivinghabitats’destructionB.theirlivingskillsC.highlandspeciesmovingdownwardD.theiradaptivecapacity【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”(我们看到低地物种正向高处迁移,渐渐地将高地物种赶出它们的栖息地。假如高地物种进化速度不够快,它们就会灭亡。)”可推断,气候改变对高地蜥蜴的影响很大,是因为生活环境的破坏。故选A。8.Thepurposeofthispassageisto_______.

A.provethatEarthisnotsuitableforlizardsB.warnthatlizardsmaydieoutquicklyduetotheclimatechangeC.explainwhynomorelizardswillbefoundby2080D.emphasizethatthehabitatoflizardsischanginggreatly【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了由于气温的上升,蜥蜴物种的数量可能已经下降到了不行逆转的地步。从而可以推断出,此文的目的是警告人们由于气候改变,蜥蜴可能会很快灭亡。故选B。【学问拓展】长难句分析Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies.分析:本句是一个复合句。句中although引导让步状语从句,从句中含有一个that引导的宾语从句;主句是therebe句型,howmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies为宾语从句。翻译:尽管目前的证据表明气候改变正在影响很多物种的栖息地范围,但气候改变将在多大程度上影响物种仍有很多不确定性。Ⅱ.阅读填句(2024·长沙模拟)Aremenabletodance?Well,ifIamanexample,thenno—Ihavetwoleftfeetandtakingtothedancefloorjustfillsmewithdread.Butofcourse,weknowthatmostofushavethepotentialtothrowsomeshapes,1

Ifyou’veeverwatchedfascinatingdanceshowsonTV,you’llknowthattherearemenwhohavegreatdexterityandfancyfootworkonthedancefloor.Theseprofessionaldancershavespentyearslearningandperformingballroomdancessuchasthewaltz,foxtrotandtango.2Accordingtoasurvey,overthreequartersofBritishmenhaveneverorrarelydanced.Itfoundthatoverathirdofmensurveyedwouldn’tshowofftheirskillsonthedancefloorbecausetheyweretooembarrassed.Andtenpercentsaidwhatputthemoffwasfearofbeingthecenterofattention,beingmadefunof,orbeingjudged.

Womenmaysaywehavetorelax,getonourfeetandjustletourselvesgo!3Butwhathelpsisacrowdeddancefloorwherethereissafetyinnumbers.Andaccordingtothesurvey,4Onemanquestionedsaid,“Idon’tthinkI’mverygoodatitandthereforeneedsomeDutchcouragetogetmeonthefloor.”

5Weneedtraining,weneedtopracticeandweneedtoloseourinhibitions.GarethDew,whotookpartinthesurvey,says,“Ithinktobeabletodanceyouneedtobeabletoletloose,beawareofyourbodyandgenerallybemorecomfortableinyourself.”Wouldyouagree?

A.Easiersaidthandone.B.manymenneedadrink.C.aslongaswearesmartenough.D.sowhatisitthat’sstoppingus?E.Solet’sfaceit,andmenjustneedhelp.F.menalwaysneedagreatdancingpartner.G.Butforamajorityofusmen,wearenotwillingtoparticipate.【文章大意】文章主要说明白男人能不能跳舞这个问题,分析了男性不情愿跳舞的缘由,以及要跳舞所须要的一些帮助。1.【解析】选D。结合上文“男人能跳舞吗?好吧,假如我是一个例子,那就不能——我笨手笨脚,跳起舞来让我充溢恐惊。但当然,我们知道我们大多数人都有潜力做出一些舞蹈动作”可知,上文提到大多数人有做一些舞蹈动作的潜力,故本句承接上文提出疑问是什么阻挡了男人跳舞,故D选项“那么是什么阻挡了我们?”符合语境,故选D。2.【解析】选G。依据上一段可知本段与上一段构成转折关系,主要是在说明男人不情愿跳舞的缘由,故G选项“但是对于我们大多数男人来说,我们不情愿参与。”符合语境,故选G。3.【解析】选A。依据上文“女人可能会说我们必需放松,站起来,释放自我!”以及后文“但有帮助的是一个拥挤的舞池,在那里人多平安”可知,上文提到女人说男人应当释放自我,去跳舞,后文则提到男人要借助拥挤的舞池来获得平安感,说明男人要跳舞这件事,说起来简单做起来却难。故A选项“说起来简单做起来难”符合语境,故选A。4.【解析】选B。依据上文“Andaccordingtothesurvey(依据调查)”以及后文“一名受访男性说:“我不认为我很擅长这个,因此须要一些酒后之勇来让我上场。”可知,本句是在说明调查内容,指出男人跳舞须要一些东西来给自己供应志气,故B选项“很多男人须要喝点东西”符合语境,故选B。5.【解析】选E。依据后文“我们须要训练,我们须要练习,我们须要摆脱束缚”可知,后文列举了男人跳舞须要的各种帮助,后文中weneed可对应到E选项中menjustneed。故E选项“所以让我们面对现实吧,男人只是须要帮助”符合语境,故选E。Ⅲ.书面表达(2024·常德模拟)假定你是李华,最近你发觉一款向中学生供应高校课程的应用程序。请你用英语写一封邮件,向你的交换生挚友Ann举荐这个程序。内容包括:1.应用程序的名称及课程设置;2.运用该应用程序的好处。留意:写作词数应为100左右。DearAnn,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考范文】DearAnn,IhaverecentlyfoundawonderfulappnamedPre-collegePrograms,whichisaimedathighschoolstudentswhowanttolearnmoreaboutcollegecourses.Theappofferscoursesonavarietyofsubjects,suchasspeech,literature,psychology,philosophy,history,biology,computerscience,physicsandmath.IamnowtakingacoursecalledYoungAdultLiteratureandItsReaders.Pre-collegeProgramsoffersusagreatopportunitytofindoutwhichfieldofstudywe’rereallyinterestedin,orwhatweshouldexpectinourcollege.Ihopethisappcanprovideyouwithanewlearningexperience.Yours,LiHua阅读理解Wearewhatweeat,andwhatweeatshowssomethingaboutwhatweareinreturn.Soitshouldn’tbeallthatsurprisingthathumansarenowapparentlyeatingplastic.AsmalltrialattheMedicalUniversityofViennafoundtinypiecesofitinthedigestive(消化的)systemsofpeoplefromeightdifferentcountries,includingtheUK.Thestudyinvolvedjusteightpeopleanddoesn’ttelluswhat,ifany,effecteatingplasticwashavingontheirbodies,whichmeansmoreresearchisneededbeforeweknowwhatanyofthisreallymeans.Wealreadyknewthatfishwereeatingplastic.Didwereallythinkitwouldn’treachbackuptothetopofthefoodchain,andthattheconsequencesofourownactionscouldn’treturntoaffectus?Doesitactuallymatter?Thisstudycan’tyetanswerthatquestion,becauseallittellsusisthatmicroplastics(微塑料)werefoundinhumanfaeces(粪便).Ifthey’rejustpassingthroughlikeunwelcomeguestsbeforebeingdrivenoutofthebody,thenperhapsthere’snodamagedone.Iftherewereevidenceofplasticsbeingabsorbedinourinternalorgans,thatcouldbeadangeroussign.Andsolvingplasticpollutionmustnotbedelayed.Solvingplasticpollutionisnotassimpleassomecampaignersmakeitsound.Changingfromplasticpackagingtoothermaterialswouldcauseotherenvironmentalproblems,forastart.Bottlingliquidsinglassratherthanplasticmakethemheavier,whichpotentiallymeansmoretripstotransportthem.Thereisareason,inshort,whywereliedsomuchonplasticinthefirstplace,andevenifitwerepossibletostopusingthestufftomorrow,itwouldtakeupto1,000yearsforsomeofwhat’sbeingproducedrightnowtodisappearcompletely.Butjustbecauseit’sdifficult,itdoesn’tmeanwecandonothing.Thereissomethingreallymadaboutasocietythatontheonehandisobsessedwiththequalityofthefoodweputinourmouths,butontheotherhandhappilyeatsitsowngarbage.Thewaronplastic,itseems,justgotpersonal.【文章大意】文章主要告知我们塑料污染已经很严峻了,甚至我们自己的身体也含有塑料垃圾。1.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudymentionedinthetext?A.ItinvolvedeightpeoplefromdifferentregionsoftheUK.B.Itrevealedthatfisheatingplastichasbadeffectsontheirbodies.C.Itfoundsmallplasticpiecesinmostpartsofpeople’sinternaltissues.D.Itdidn’tgiveclearconclusionsabouttheeffectsofeatingplastic.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段中Thestudyinvolvedjusteightpeopleanddoesn’ttelluswhat,ifany,effecteatingplasticwashavingontheirbodies,whichmeansmoreresearchisneededbeforeweknowwhatanyofthisreallymeans.可知,对于吃塑料食品的影响,该探讨并没有给出明确