2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十二Unit4MeetingthemuseUsinglanguage含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGE十一Unit4UsinglanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1.Itissaidthattraditionalschoolsarechallenged(challenge)byalternativeschools.2.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotswept(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,whereitremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.3.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed(disappoint).4.Mytaskistoclean(clean)theclassroomthisafternoon.

5.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.

6.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstayingconnected(connect).7.Thechildrenwillgetconfused(confuse)ifaskedtolearntoomuchatatime.8.Pleaseremainseated(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.9.Wegotalittlesunburnt(sunburn),butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn’tmind.10.Thespeechwassoinspiring(inspire)thattheywereallexcited.Ⅱ.选词填空1.Iwasverysurprisedtohearthathegotbadlyinjuredinamotorcaraccident.(injure,injured)2.Lucywasdressedinill-fittingmannishclothes;herhairwaswet;herfacewasdirty.(dressed,dressing)3.TheWHOchiefsays,“TheperformanceoftheChinesepeopleinfightingagainstCOVID-19isencouraging.”(encouraged,encouraging)4.Combinatorialtheoryiswidelyregardedasthemostdelightfulbranchofmathematics.(delighted,delightful)5.Ifindstampcollectingveryrelaxingandittakesmymindoffmywork.(relaxed,relaxing)6.Bosswasannoyedtofindthatcoffeewasnotready.(annoyed,annoying)7.Headdedthisexplanationbecauseofhiswife’spuzzledlook.(puzzled,puzzling)8.Thesurprisedlookinhisfacesuggestedthathehadn’tbeentoldthetruthbefore.(surprised,surprising)9.It’sdifficulttopumpfactsandfiguresintotiredstudents.(tired,tiring)10.Asthestormwasapproaching,thefishermenwerethreatenedbydangersofthemostperilousnature.(threatened,threatening)Ⅰ.阅读理解When45-year-oldRandyPauschwasdiagnosedwithpancreatic(胰腺的)cancer,hechosetofocusonlivingratherthandying.AsacomputerscienceprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,Pauschwasaskedtodelivera“lastlecture”.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.TheonlydifferenceinPausch’scaseisthatPauschreallywasdying,butitonlymotivatedhimmore.Hedeliveredhislastlecture,“ReallyAchievingYourChildhoodDreams”onSept.18,2007.Pauschbeganbysharingseveralofhisboyhooddreams,someofwhichhehadachievedandtheothershehadn’t.Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,laughterandgratitude,honesty,character.Pausch’slastlecturereceivedagreatdealofpraiseandattention.ItbecameacrazyYouTubehit,andinOctober2007,hepresentedanabridged(删节的)versiononTheOprahWinfreyShow.Heturnedthelectureintoabookbythesamename,whichquicklybecameabest-seller.Readersweredeeplymovedbythebook’srepresentationofPausch’slifelongphilosophyandthewayitrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.PauschpassedawayonJuly25,2008,buthisvoicelivesonintherecordedlectureandhisbook.Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲解并描述了身患胰腺癌的兰迪·波许教授做最终的演讲,激励我们不要放弃自己的幻想。1.WhywasPauschaskedtogivehis“lastlecture”?A.Toteachthestudents.B.Tomakehimhaveabetterhead.C.Tocurehiscancer.D.Toachievehisdream.【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据第一段可知,波许被要求做一次最终的演讲是为了与学生们共享世俗的才智,也就是为了教化学生们,故A项正确。2.WhatwasPausch’slecturemainlyabout?A.Hisprivatelifeinboyhood.B.Havingdreamsandgoodvalues.C.Thereasonforhissuccess.D.Theexperiencelearnedfromothers.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知,波许在演讲中讲解并描述了拥有幻想的重要性以及通过追求幻想学到的努力、诚恳、乐观和感恩等,也就是说他的演讲主要是关于拥有幻想和良好的价值观,故B项正确。3.WhichofthefollowingmotivatedPauschmost?A.Hisdreams.B.Hischildren.C.Hiswork. D.Hisstudents.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“itrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren”可知,波许的三个孩子给他的动力最大,故B项正确。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.KeeponDreamingB.TheMeaningofLifeC.MotivationfromLifeD.GivetheLastLecture【解析】选A。标题归纳题。依据文章内容,特殊是最终一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.”可知,本文讲解并描述了身患胰腺癌的波许教授做一次最终的演讲,激励我们不要放弃自己的幻想,故A项正确。【方法技巧】文章标题形式的主旨大意难度在于被选选项肯定要具有高度的概括性,因此抓住主题句的关键词很重要,例如本篇第4题,依据最终一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams”可知,本文讲解并描述了身患胰腺癌的波许教授做一次最终的演讲激励我们不要放弃自己的幻想,因此文章标题肯定要体现出坚持幻想,故A项(坚持幻想)最能概括出文章内容。Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Byhand,hecreatesworlds1._________castlesflyintheskyandprincessesprotecttheEarth.HayaoMiyazakiisoftencalled“Japan’sWaltDisney”and2._________(think)tobetheworld’sgreatestlivinganimatorbymany.OnNov.8of2014,theanimationmasterwashonoredwithaLifetimeAchievementOscaratGovernorsAwards.TheGovernorsAwardhasbeen3._________annualeventsince2009,andusedtobepartoftheAcademyAwardsceremony.4._________(produce)classicssuchasMyNeighborTotoroandtheoscar-winningSpiritedAwayduringhispastfive-decadecareer,Miyazaki5._________(win)theheartsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.6._________(fortune)forhisfans,Miyazakiannouncedhisretirementin2013.Butthereissomegoodnews.InaninterviewwithTheAssociatedPress,hesaidheplannedtocontinuemakinganimation7._________hedied.Miyazakiadmittedthatitwouldbe8._________(challenge)forhimtomakelongmovies.Butheisturningtoanimatedshortsinstead.Sowhatistheanimationhe’s9._________(current)workingon?It’saboutsamurai(武士)inthe16thcentury,wearingfullarmor(盔甲),battlingitoutwitheachother.

That’ssomething10._________Miyazakifanstolookforwardto.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了常被称为“日本的华特·迪士尼”,被很多人认为是世界上最宏大的在世动画师宫崎骏。1.【解析】where。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词worlds,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词where。故填where。2.【解析】thought。考查动词时态语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且依据上文HayaoMiyazakiisoftencalled“Japan’sWaltDisney”and可知此处应填过去分词。故填thought。3.【解析】an。考查冠词。event为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且annual为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。4.【解析】Producing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知produce在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语Miyazaki构成主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Producing。5.【解析】haswon。考查动词时态。句意:在过去50年的职业生涯中,宫崎骏制作了《龙猫》和奥斯卡获奖影片《千与千寻》等经典影片,赢得了全世界数百万人的心。依据上文duringhispastfive-decadecareer可知此处应用现在完成时,主语为Miyazaki,助动词用has。故填haswon。6.【解析】Unfortunately。考查副词。修饰后文整个句子应用副词unfortunately,作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Unfortunately。7.【解析】until。考查连接词。句意:在接受美联社采访时,他说他安排接着制作动画直到去世。此处为时间状语从句,表示“直到……”应用until。故填until。8.【解析】challenging。考查形容词。依据上文itwouldbe可知,应填形容词challenging作表语,表示“挑战的”。故填challenging。9.【解析】currently。考查副词。修饰后文动词work应用副词currently,表示“目前”。故填currently。10.【解析】for。考查介词。句意:对于宫崎骏迷们来说,这是他们所期盼的。结合句意此处表示“对于”应用介词for。故填for。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·日照高二检测)For28seniorslivinginisolation(隔离)sinceMarch17,2024,attheTresFigueirashomeinRioGrandeinBrazil,Mother’sDaycameandwentwithoutanyvisitors.Thelovingstaffnoticedtheir1wereatanall-timelow.Thatwasbecausetheirfriendsandlovedonescouldn’t2theminperson.

But,thecarehomehas3acreativesolution,allowingseniorstoconnectwiththeirlovedoneswhilestillkeepingthemsafefrom4.

“Wenoticedthatourseniorresidentswerefeeling5,”RubiaSantos,thecarehome’sadministratortoldCNN.“Wethoughttheywouldbemuchhappierifwefoundawayforthemto6theirrelatives.”

Sotheyputtheirheadstogetherandcreatedthe“hugtunnel”.Madeofthickplasticsheeting,thehugtunnelhasarmholesfor7andresidentstowraptheirarmsaroundthepersonstandingontheother8.

Theplastichasarmholesatthreedifferent9toaccommodatechildrenandthosein10.

Itgivespeopletheopportunitytofeelthe11ofhumancontactwithoutriskingcominginto12withthecoronavirus.

The13camefromavideoshowingawomanintheUShugginghermotherusingaplasticcurtainwitharmenclosures(环绕)inthebackyard.

Itiscatchingfirearoundtheworld,14elderlyfolkswiththeirlovedonesinthemostheartwarmingway.Loveis15.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲解并描述了巴西一家养老院搭建“拥抱通道”,帮助老人们解决新冠疫情期间由于缺乏亲人的关怀而引起的心情低落问题。1.A.emotions B.pressuresC.spirits D.tempers【解析】选C。依据上文可知28位独居的老人在母亲节这天没有任何访客,所以心情低落。表示“心情低落”的短语为lowspirits。故选C。2.A.interview B.tendC.love D.visit【解析】选D。句意:那是因为他们的挚友和亲人不能亲自去探望他们。依据上文可知老人因为没有挚友和亲人来探望(visit)他们而心情低落,故选D。3.A.putupwith B.comeupwithC.caughtupwith D.keptupwith【解析】选B。putupwith忍受;comeupwith想出;caughtupwith入迷;keptupwith赶上。依据后文宾语acreativesolution可知是“想出(comeupwith)”一个创建性的解决方案。故选B。4.A.infection B.influenceC.damage D.embarrassment【解析】选A。句意:但是,养老院想出了一个创建性的解决方案,允许老年人与他们所爱的人联系,同时还能保证他们的平安,不被感染。依据第一段中For28seniorslivinginisolation可知隔离就是为了不受到感染。故选A。5.A.anxious B.gladC.sad D.regretful【解析】选C。句意:养老院的管理员RubiaSantos告知CNN:“我们留意到我们的老年居民都很难受。”依据第一段中wereatanall-timelow可知管理人员留意到老人们心情低落,都很难受。故选C。6.A.accompany B.patC.kiss D.hug【解析】选D。句意:“我们认为,假如我们能找到方法让他们拥抱自己的亲人,他们会更快乐。”依据后文Sotheyputtheirheadstogetherandcreatedthe“hugtunnel”.可知是想方法让老人和亲人拥抱。故选D。7.A.gardeners B.leadersC.visitors D.travelers【解析】选C。句意:拥抱隧道由厚的塑料薄膜制成,上面有手臂孔,访客和居民可以用手臂环绕站在另一边的人。依据后文andresidents可知是指访客和居民可以拥抱彼此。故选C。8.A.endB.sideC.edgeD.hand【解析】选B。依据上文的描述,老人们的家人前来探视,他们和老人之间隔着一层塑料薄膜,薄膜两侧的人们可以隔着塑料薄膜拥抱,故选B。9.A.weights B.heights C.angles D.degrees【解析】选B。句意:这种塑料臂上有三个不同高度的孔,以适应儿童和坐轮椅的人。依据后文accommodatechildrenandthosein可知为了适应不同人的身高,这种塑料臂上有三个不同高度的孔。故选B。10.A.wheelchairs B.bedsC.cars D.prison【解析】选A。依据文章背景可知故事发生在养老院,最有可能是指坐在轮椅上的人,其他选项不符合语境。故选A。11.A.enthusiasm B.effectC.warmth D.courage【解析】选C。句意:它让人们有机会在不接触冠状病毒的状况下感受与人接触的暖和。依据后文ofhumancontact可知是指感受与人接触的暖和。故选C。12.A.contact B.forceC.power D.use【解析】选A。依据后文withthecoronavirus可知是指接触冠状病毒,comeintocontactwith“接触”。故选A。13.A.project B.idea C.step D.move【解析】选B。句意:这一想法来自一段视频,视频中,一位美国女子在后院中用带扶手的塑料帘子拥抱她的母亲。依据其次段中acreativesolution可知本句是在说明“拥抱通道”这个想法的来源。故选B。14.A.combining B.communicatingC.comforting D.connecting【解析】选D。combining结合;communicating沟通;comforting劝慰;connecting连接。依据其次段中allowingseniorstoconnectwiththeirlovedones可知“拥抱通道”用最暖和的方式把老人和他们的亲人联系起来。故选D。15.A.bouncing B.rewardingC.sharp D.limitless【解析】选D。结合文章内容可知,即使是在隔离的状况下,人们也想出了“拥抱通道”的方法,来暖和彼此,说明爱是没有限制的。故选D。【补偿训练】(2024·东营高二检测)Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletopredictlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilometerarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge,itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法),whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,transferringlightnin