2023-2024学年陕西省安康市高二上学期开学考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省安康市2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anactor.B.Amagazine.C.Amovie.2.Whatdidthewomanlovedrinkingasakid?A.Softdrinks.B.Tea.C.Milk.3.HowwillthespeakersgettotheForestZoo?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.4.Whatisthemangoingtodointhesummervacation?A.Dosomehousework.B.Visithisformerclassmates.C.Watchmovies.5.Howmightthegirlfeelintheend?A.Confident.B.Relieved.C.Annoyed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whichstreetisthemanlookingfor?A.BridgeStreet.B.GaryStreet.C.ThirdStreet.7.Whatshouldthemandofirst?A.Turnright.B.Turnleft.C.DoaU-turn.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone.B.Atthewoman’shouse.C.Ataparty.9.WhenwillthespeakersgotoLosAngeles?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.10.WhatwillthemandonextTuesday?A.Takeaninterview.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Seeamovie.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Friends.12.What’sMary’sdisadvantage?A.Sheiscareless.B.Sheneverworksovertime.C.Shelacksworkingexperience.13.WhatdoweknowaboutBob?A.He’shardtogetalongwith.B.He’sacollegestudent.C.Hehasjuststartedwork.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howistheman’sbusinessnow?A.Great.B.Justso-so.C.Terrible.15.Howmanyofficesdoesthemanhavenow?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.16.WheredoesthemanplantoopenupanofficeinOctober?A.InHongKong.B.InSingapore.C.InBeijing.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Ahostess.B.Aprofessor.C.Atourguide.18.WhatdoGermansthinkofkitchenknivespresentedasgifts?A.Traditional.B.Unlucky.C.Friendly.19.WhichofthefollowingisanItaliancustom?A.Giftsareexchangedwithincompanies.B.Thewitchgivesgiftstoadults.C.Weddingguests“buy”thegroom’stieslices.20.WhatisanappropriategiftforabusinessmeetinginAustralia?A.Acoffeecup.B.AT-shirt.C.Abaseballcap.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearemanyclassicalculturesinChina.Allofthemhaveaverylonghistory.Hereweintroducefourofthem.ChineseHandwritingChinesehandwritingisaspecialarttoAsiancultures.Brushhandwritingismuchlovedaroundtheworld.WangXizhiisveryfamousforhishandwriting.HemadeagreatdifferencetothedevelopmentofChinesehandwriting.ChineseFolkMusicChinesefolkmusichasalonghistory.ItisconnectedwithChineseancientstories.Oneoftheclassics,Shijing,includessomefolksongsin15differentareasfromtheWestZhouDynastytotheSpringandAutumnPeriod.TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.ChinesePaintingChinesepaintingisoneoftheoldesttraditionalpaintingformsintheworld.MostoftheChinesepaintingsinancientChinaweredoneonpaperorsilk.TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,figures(人物),flowersandbirds.Thepaintingsshowdifferentfeaturesduringthedifferenthistoricalperiods.WeiqiWeiqi,called“yi”inancientChina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryofover3,000years.Thegamecanbetreatedasthebeginningofallancientchessgames.ItwasintroducedtoKoreaabout2,000yearsagoandwaspopularamongthehigherclasses.1.The__________isatraditionalChineseinstrument.A.piano B.violin C.pipa D.guitar2.Chinesepaintingincludesthefollowingexcept__________.A.mountainsandwater B.figuresC.flowersandbirds D.dogs3.Whatdoweknowaboutweiqifromthepassage?A.Itisagamebetweentwopeople.B.ItisonlypopularinChina.C.Ithasahistoryofover2,000years.D.ItwasintroducedtoKoreaabout3,000yearsago.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的书法、民乐、绘画以及围棋等四种经典传统文化。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ChineseFolkMusic部分中的“TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.(中国传统乐器有古琴、古筝、琵琶、二胡、箫等。)”可知，琵琶是中国传统乐器。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ChinesePainting部分中的“TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,figures(人物),flowersandbirds.(中国传统绘画包括山水、人物、花鸟。)”可知，中国传统绘画中没有狗。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Weiqi小标题下“Weiqi,called“yi”inancientchina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryofover3,000yeas.(围棋，在中国古代被称为“弈”，是一种有3000多年历史的两个玩家之间的智力棋盘游戏。)”可知，围棋是一种两个玩家之间的益智游戏，由此可知，它是一种两个人之间的游戏。故选A项。BLastnightatwork,agirlcameinandsatatthebar.Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.Aftereatingforafewminutes,sheaskedmeforanapkin(餐巾)andapen.Isawherwritingonthenapkinbutdidn’tthinkanythingofit.WhenIturnedaround,shewasgone.AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanotethatread,“Todaymarksmy14thdayofchemo(化疗)alongwithmy26thbirthday.Life’sbeengoodtomesofar,andIthinkIwillpassmyluckontosomeoneelse.Haveagreatnight!”Ihaveneverbeensotouchedbyastrangerinmyentirelife.About3monthsago,myownmotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer,sothishitveryclosetohome.Havingjustwitnessedmymothercompletedherfirst5-weekcycleofchemo,Iknowthepainandexhaustionthisyoungwomanisfeeling.Ontopofthechemo,shewasselflessenoughonherownbirthdaythatshegaveastrangeragift.ThisyoungwomanhascompletelytouchedmysoulandhasaffectedmylifeinawaythatIwillneverforget.Ihopetoseeheragainoneday,soIcantellherhowmuchherrandomactofkindnesshastouchedmeandfinallychangedmylife.ThankyouforbeingsuchabeautifulpersonandIpraythatyougetwell.Thankyouformakingtheworldabetterplace.4.Theauthormightworkasa______.A.singer B.doctor C.cook D.waitress5.Howdidthegirlofferherkindness?A.Bygivingsomeeconomicsupporttosomeoneinneed.B.Byofferingfreechemotosomeoneelse.C.Bybuyingadinnerforsomeoneelse.D.Bywritingaletterfullofkindness.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitveryclosetohome”inParagraph3mean?A.Tomakesomebodygohome.B.Toknowsomebody’saddress.C.Tohaveastrongeffectonsomebody.D.Tosendfoodtosomebody’shome.7.Whydoestheauthorwanttoseethegirlagain?A.Tothankherforthemoneysheleft.B.Totellherwhateffectshehasontheauthor.C.Totellhersheisverybeautiful.D.Towishhergoodluckingettingwell.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了身为服务员的作者在工作时，无意中接受了陌生女孩的善良，从而深受感动的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.(她要了一杯水和一份菜单，最后点了一个培根芝士汉堡，在我的餐厅大概要12美元。)”以及第二段第四句“AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanote.(当我去清理她的盘子时，我注意到她留下了一张100美元的钞票和一张便条。)”可知，作者是一家餐厅的服务员。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.(她要了一杯水和一份菜单，最后点了一个培根芝士汉堡，在我的餐厅大概要12美元。)”以及根据第二段第四、五、六句“AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanotethatread,“Todaymarksmy14thdayofchemo(化疗)alongwithmy26thbirthday.Life’sbeengoodtomesofar,andIthinkIwillpassmyluckontosomeoneelse.Haveagreatnight!”(当我去清理她的盘子时，我注意到她留下了一张100美元的钞票和一张纸条，上面写着：“今天是我化疗的第14天，也是我26岁的生日。到目前为止，生活一直对我很好，我想我会把我的运气传给别人。祝你晚上愉快！”)”可知，女孩吃饭需要12美元，但是她留下了100美元作为礼物给陌生人。女孩给需要帮助的人一些经济支持。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段前两句“Ihaveneverbeensotouchedbyastrangerinmyentirelife.About3monthsago,myownmotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer,sothishitveryclosetohome.(我这辈子还从没被陌生人这么感动过。大约3个月前，我的母亲被诊断出肺癌，所以这件事hitveryclosetohome.。)”可知，首先，作者从未如此被陌生人感动过。其次，作者因为女孩的行为想到了自己的母亲也正经历病痛，所以触动很大。由此可推知划线短语为“对作者触动很大”。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Ihopetoseeheragainoneday,soIcantellherhowmuchherrandomactofkindnesshastouchedmeandfinallychangedmylife.(我希望有一天能再见到她，这样我就可以告诉她，她随意的善举是如何打动了我，并最终改变了我的生活。)”可知，作者因为女孩的随意善举生活有了变化，由此可知，作者想再次见到女孩时告诉她，她对作者产生的影响。故选B。CTechnologyiseverywhere.Almostallofuscarrysomepieceoftechnologywithuseverytime.It’struetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.However,scientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak-otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingwithouttechnology?Tostartwith,youcouldlearnanewskill.Therearehundredsofpossibilities:crafts(工艺),cooking,learningamusicalinstrumentoranewsport.Maybeyou’vealwayswantedtolearntocookforyourfamily,buthaven’thadtime?Perhapsyoufeellikelearninghowtoknit(编织),soyoucanhaveanewsweaterfortheautumn?Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew—andperhapsitwillleadtoanexcitingchanceinthefuture.Ifyoujustwanttorelax,whynotgotoabeach?Takealongyourfavoritebookandrelaxonthesand,orgoforawalkalongthecoastline.Ifyoudon’tlivenearabeach,youcouldgotoyourlocalpark.Whynottakealongapicnic,ortryanddiscoversomeofthelocalwildlife?Littlethings,likechallengingyourselftocompleteacrosswordoraSudoku,areagreatplacetostart.Youcouldevenfollowthelatestfashion:adultcoloringbooks!Coloringisamazing,anditcanbeanicewaytoescapefromthepressureofmodernlife!Whateveryouchoosetodowithyoursummer,trysomethingnew!Youmightsurpriseyourselfandfindahiddentalentwithinyou;youmightmakenewfriendsalongtheway.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslyswitchingchannels,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.8.Accordingtoscientists,usingtechnologycontinuouslymay________.A.makepeoplelivelonger B.solvemanysocialproblemsC.providepeoplewithmorefreetime D.haveabadeffectonpeople’shealth9.Whatissuggestedinthesecondparagraph?A.Learningsomethingnew. B.Takingexcitingchances.C.Makingalivingbyknitting. D.Gettingtogetherwiththefamily.10.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSudoku?A.It’sagreattouristattraction. B.It’sachallenginggame.C.It’sanewfashionshow. D.It’sabookaboutcoloring.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MakeMoreNewFriends B.FollowtheLatestFashionC.MakePlansforSummerHolidays D.TakeaBreakfromTechnology〖答案〗8.D9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。持续使用科技会对人们的健康有不良影响，文章针对这一现象，介绍了一些与科技无关的活动，呼吁大家应从科技使用中休息一下。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’struetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.However,scientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak-otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.”（说科技让我们的生活更容易是真的。然而，科学家们表示，我们需要让自己休息一下，否则我们将面临发展成数百个健康问题的风险。）可知，科学家认为持续使用科技会对人们的健康有不良影响。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew—andperhapsitwillleadtoanexcitingchanceinthefuture.”（你可以利用你的空闲时间学习一些新东西——也许这将为你的未来带来一个令人兴奋的机会。）可知，第二段建议我们学习一些新东西。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Littlethings,likechallengingyourselftocompleteacrosswordoraSudoku,areagreatplacetostart.”（一些小事情，比如挑战自己完成填字游戏或Sudoku，都是一个很好的开始。）可推测，Sudoku与crossword（填字游戏）均为具有挑战性的小游戏。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingwithouttechnology?”（有了这些空闲时间，为什么不好好利用，做一些与科技无关的事情呢？）及文章最后一段“Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslyswitchingchannels,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.”（下次当你发现自己漫无目的地切换频道时，想想你还能把时间花在什么事情上。）并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了一些与科技无关的活动，呼吁大家应从科技使用中休息一下，因此，TakeaBreakfromTechnology（从科技中休息一下）适合作为本文最佳标题。故选D项。DThetraditionofgivinggiftsdidn’tstartwiththemodernholidayswecelebrate.Manyancientculturescelebratedholidayswiththeexchangeofgifts.Peoplewholovetogivegiftsoftencan’twaituntilit’stimefortherecipientstoopentheirgifts.Ifyou’veeverbeengivenagift,youknowthatpartofthefunisthecuriositythatbuildsasyouwonderwhatthegiftis.Thewishtohidetheidentityofagiftuntiljusttherightmomentledpeopletowrapgiftslong,longago.Historiansbelievedwrappinggiftsinpaperprobablystartednotlongafterpaperwasinventedthousandsofyearsago.Wrappingpaperlikewhatweusetoday,though,isamuchmorerecentinvention.Morethan100yearsago,giftswereusuallywrappedinheavybrownpaper.Beforethat,clothwasoftenused.Thetechnologytomass-producewrappingpaperdidn’tcomealonguntiltheearly1900s.ThefirstAmericangiftwrapcompany—Hy-SillManufacturingInc.—wasfoundedbyEliHymanandMorrisSilvermanin1903.Itwasn’taseasytowrappresentsbackthenasitistoday,though,becauseadhesivetape(胶带)wasn’tinventeduntil1930.Overtheyears,wrappingpaperhasdevelopedintowhatweseeinstoreseachholidayseason.ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.Tocutdownonthiswaste,somepeoplecarefullyunwrappresents,sothatthewrappingpapercanbereused.Othershavestartedtousereusablegiftbagsinsteadofwrappingpaper.12.Whatistheinterestingpartofpeoplegivingagift?A.Hidingtheirgiftsandtheirfeelings.B.Givingtherecipientsasurprise.C.Lettingtherecipientsopengiftsatonce.D.Followingacentury-oldtradition.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Peopledidn’tknowwrappingpaperuntil1903.B.Heavybrownpaperhasbeenusedtowrapgiftsfor100years.C.Technologymadewrappingpaperwidelyavailable.D.Adhesivetapewasfirstcreatedbygiftwrapcompanies.14.Whatdoscientistsworryabout?A.Thefutureofreusablegiftbags.B.ThewasteproducedbyAmericans.C.Wrappingpaper’sinfluenceontheenvironment.D.People’sadmirationforwrappingpaper.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Thepopularityofwrappinggifts.B.Thestartofwrappinggiftsinpaper.C.Theproblemscausedbywrappingpaper.D.Thestorybehindwrappingpaper.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者从节日期间每人都会送礼物引入话题，介绍了包装纸的由来和发展以及带来的环境污染等背后的故事。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Ifyou’veeverbeengivenagift,youknowthatpartofthefunisthecuriositythatbuildsasyouwonderwhatthegiftis.(如果你曾经收到过一份礼物，你就会知道其中的一部分乐趣是当你想知道礼物是什么时产生的好奇心。)”可知，当人们收到礼物时，其中的一部分乐趣就是好奇心带来的惊喜，所以人们送礼物的有趣之处在于引起他的好奇心，给他一个惊喜。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Thetechnologytomass-producewrappingpaperdidn’tcomealonguntiltheearly1900s.(大规模生产包装纸的技术直到20世纪初才出现。)”可知，大规模的生产包装纸技术使得包装纸被广泛使用。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.(但科学家表示，仅美国在节日期间就会多产生500万吨垃圾，其中大部分来自包装纸和购物袋。)”可知，科学家担心包装纸会带给环境压力。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“Historiansbelievedwrappinggiftsinpaperprobablystartednotlongafterpaperwasinventedthousandsofyearsago.(历史学家认为，用纸包装礼物可能是在几千年前纸被发明后不久开始的。)”可知，讲述了包装纸的由来和发展。再结合最后一段第二句“ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.(但科学家表示，仅美国在节日期间就会多产生500万吨垃圾，其中大部分来自包装纸和购物袋。)”可知，包装纸会带来很多垃圾。所以，本文主要介绍了包装纸的由来和发展以及带来的环境污染等背后的故事。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peopleallneedfriendsbecausenobodywantstobelonely.Afriendcanhelpyouingoodandbadtimes.You’vemadefriendssincechildhood.___16___Herearesomesignstotellyouifyourfriendisatruefriend.AlwaysbehonestHonestyisimportanttokeepyourfriendshipalive.Atruefriendalwaystellsyouthetruth.Itmaybehardsometimesbutlyingcandestroyyourfriendship.___17___AlwaysbethereforyouTherearealwaystimesinyourlifewhenyouhaveproblemsordifficulties.Atruefriendwillalwayshavetimetolistentoyourproblemsandgiveadvice.___18___Butthefactthatyourfriendhastimetolistenshowshecaresforyou.Yourfriendisnotatruefriendifhecannevermaketimeforyouwhenyouareintrouble.___19___Atruefriendwillalwaysshowrespecttoyourideaswhetherheagreesornot.Yourtruefriendmaysaynotoyoubutneverinsiststhatheiscorrect.Atruefriendsetslimitswithyoubecausehecaresforyouandyourrelationshipwithhim.Theselimitsarealsoasymbolofrespectforyouasitcanhelpmaintainyourfriendship.Alwaysbeunderstanding___20___Wearealldifferentpeopleandweallmakemistakes.Atruefriendisalwaysforgivingandunderstandingbecausehedoesn’twanttotaketheriskoflosinghisbestfriend.A.AlwaysberespectfulB.AlwaysbesupportiveC.However,youmaystillnotknowwhoyourtruefriendsare.D.Hemaynotbeabletoofferawayofsolvingyourproblems.E.Hecanalwayshelpyousolveyourproblemsasquicklyaspossible.F.Itispossiblethatsomeproblemswillcomeupbetweenyouandyourfriend.G.Itisimportantthatyourfriendspeakshonestlyandnevertellsliesormakesupstories.〖答案〗16.C17.G18.D19.A20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些真正朋友所具有的品质。【16题详析】根据上文“You’vemadefriendssincechildhood.(你从小就有很多朋友)”以及后文“Herearesomesignstotellyouifyourfriendisatruefriend.(这里有一些迹象可以告诉你，你的朋友是否是真正的朋友)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出不知道谁是真正的朋友，引出后文的方法。故C选项“然而，你可能仍然不知道谁是你真正的朋友”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“Honestyisimportanttokeepyourfriendshipalive.Atruefriendalwaystellsyouthetruth.Itmaybehardsometimesbutlyingcandestroyyourfriendship.(诚实对保持友谊很重要。一个真正的朋友总是告诉你真相。有时可能很难，但谎言会毁掉你们的友谊)”可知，上文提到了诚实的重要性，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文继续说明朋友的诚实。故G选项“重要的是，你的朋友说话诚实，从不说谎或编造故事”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“Atruefriendwillalwayshavetimetolistentoyourproblemsandgiveadvice.(真正的朋友总是有时间倾听你的问题，给你建议)”以及后文“Butthefactthatyourfriendhastimetolistenshowshecaresforyou.Yourfriendisnotatruefriendifhecannevermaketimeforyouwhenyouareintrouble.(但事实上，你的朋友有时间倾听，这表明他关心你。如果你的朋友在你有困难的时候都不能抽出时间来陪你，那他就不是真正的朋友)”可知，后文提到重要的是朋友花时间倾听，表明很关心自己，可推测本句是在说明朋友可能有时无法提供解决你问题的建议。故D选项“他可能无法提供解决你问题的方法”符合语境，故选D。【19题详析】空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容“Atruefriendwillalwaysshowrespecttoyourideaswhetherheagreesornot.Yourtruefriendmaysaynotoyoubutneverinsiststhatheiscorrect.Atruefriendsetslimitswithyoubecausehecaresforyouandyourrelationshipwithhim.Theselimitsarealsoasymbolofrespectforyouasitcanhelpmaintainyourfriendship.(一个真正的朋友总是会尊重你的想法，不管他是否同意。真正的朋友可能会对你说不，但从不坚持自己是对的。真正的朋友会给你设限，因为他关心你以及你们之间的关系。这些限制也是对你的尊重的象征，因为这有助于维持你们的友谊)”可知，本段的主旨是朋友之间也要始终保持尊重对方。故A选项“始终保持尊重”符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】根据后文“Wearealldifferentpeopleandweallmakemistakes.Atruefriendisalwaysforgivingandunderstandingbecausehedoesn’twanttotaketheriskoflosinghisbestfriend.(我们都是不同的人，我们都会犯错误。真正的朋友总是宽容和理解的，因为他不想冒失去他最好的朋友的风险)”可知，后文提到了都会犯错误，可见朋友之间也会出现问题。故F选项“你和你的朋友之间可能会出现一些问题”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ClimbingTaishaninChinaItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.Itis___21___toascendtothetop.Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhoursandvisitorscan___22___totakeacablecarhalfway.Forthousandsofyears,Taishanhasbeenasourceof___23___forpoetsandthinkers.Themountainisintheeast,andinChinesecultureeastisregardedasa(n)___24___directionbecausethatiswherethesunandmoonrise.___25___,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe___26___:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.”His___27___expressthephilosophicalideathatthehigheryouclimb,thegreateryour___28___.Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,until___29___Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.Ofcourse,Confuciuswouldn’thave____30____acablecar,butIwasn’tConfucius.Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.Thatwasenoughofa____31____experienceforme.Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.topositionourselvesforthe____32____.FromJadeEmperorPeak,sittingamonghundredsofothers,wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.Afterbreakfast,we____33____foraboutfivehoursdownthemountainandthroughPeachBlossomValley,beautifulwaterfallsandpoolsofwater.Thegreenplantsupthe____34____madeforapicturesqueclimb,andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight.Itwaspeaceful,allowingmeto____35____thegreatervisionfromthetop.21.A.tired B.rewarding C.easy D.challenging22.A.refuse B.choose C.learn D.pretend23.A.inspiration B.entertainment C.happiness D.information24.A.unexpected B.lifelike C.sacred D.right25.A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore26.A.peak B.foot C.rock D.village27.A.means B.words C.works D.intentions28.A.pressure B.weight C.vision D.contribution29.A.luckily B.suddenly C.fortunately D.finally30.A.taken B.invented C.owned D.described31.A.diving B.climbing C.cycling D.sailing32.A.rainbow B.daybreak C.sunrise D.sunset33.A.flew B.drove C.ran D.hiked34.A.mountain B.fence C.path D.kitchen35.A.change B.enjoy C.miss D.clarify〖答案〗21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者攀登中国泰山的经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：登顶很有挑战性。A.tired疲倦的；B.rewarding值得的；C.easy容易的；D.challenging富于挑战性的。根据上文“ItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.”及常识可知，攀登泰山是一项具有挑战性的活动。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全程步行需要3到7个小时，游客可以选择中途乘坐缆车。A.refuse拒绝；B.choose选择；C.learn学习；D.pretend假装。根据上文“Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhours”及空后“takeacablecarhalfway”可知，登山有两种方式，游客也可以选择中途乘坐缆车。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几千年来，泰山一直是诗人和思想家灵感的源泉。A.inspiration灵感；B.entertainment娱乐；C.happiness快乐；D.information信息。根据空后“poetsandthinkers”可知，泰山一直是诗人和思想家灵感的源泉。故选A。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：泰山也被称为东岳，而在中国文化中，东方被认为是一个神圣的方向，因为太阳和月亮从那里升起。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.lifelike栩栩如生的；C.sacred神圣的；D.right正确的。根据下文“______,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.”可知，东方被认为是一个神圣的方向。故选C。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，泰山是五岳中最受尊敬的。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否者；D.Therefore因此。前后句意存在因果关系，therefore符合语境。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孔子有一次登上山顶，在山顶上感慨：“登泰山而小天下。”A.peak山顶；B.foot山脚；C.rock岩石；D.village村庄。根据上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountain”可知，此处指在山顶上感慨。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话表达了一种哲学思想，即：你爬得越高，你的视野就越开阔。A.means方法；B.words话；C.works作品；D.intentions目的。根据上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe_____:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.””可知，此处指孔子说的话。故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话表达了一种哲学思想，即：你爬得越高，你的视野就越开阔。A.pressure压力；B.weight重力；C.vision视野；D.contribution贡献。根据语境及常识可知，你爬得越高，你的视野就越开阔。故选C。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，爬得越高，看到的台阶就越多，直到最后我走到了通往缆车站的台阶上。A.luckily幸运地；B.suddenly突然；C.fortunately幸运地；D.finally最后。根据上文“Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,”及空后“Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.”可知，最后我选择去坐缆车上山。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，孔子不会乘坐缆车，但我不是孔子。A.taken乘坐（交通工具）；B.invented发明；C.owned拥有；D.described描述。根据空后“acablecar”可知，此处指乘坐缆车。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一次足够难忘的登山经历了。A.diving跳水运动；B.climbing登山；C.cycling骑自行车；D.sailing帆船运动。根据上文“Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.”及语境可知，此处指登山经历。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：早上，我们凌晨4点起床，准备迎接日出。A.rainbow彩虹；B.daybreak黎明；C.sunrise日出；D.sunset日落。根据上文“Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.”及下文“wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.”可知，我们早起去看日出。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早餐后，我们徒步下山约五个小时，穿过桃花谷、美丽的瀑布和水池。A.flew飞；B.drove开车；C.ran跑；D.hiked徒步旅行。根据下文“foraboutfivehoursdownthemountainandthroughPeachBlossomValley,beautifulwaterfallsandpoolsofwater.”和“andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight.”可知，我们是徒步下山的。故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小径上的绿色植物构成了一次风景如画的攀登，第二天的山谷徒步旅行对我来说是最精彩的。A.mountain山；B.fence栅栏；C.path小径；D.kitchen厨房。根据下文“andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight”可知，我们是徒步下山的，此处指小径上的绿色植物。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这里很平静，让我可以从高处欣赏更广阔的视野。A.change改变；B.enjoy欣赏；C.miss错过；D.clarify澄清。根据空后“thegreatervisionfromthetop”可知，此处指从高处欣赏更广阔的视野。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AspeopleacrossthecountrywatchedthelaunchofChina’sShenzhou-14spaceshipclosely,____36____penfloatinginthecapsule(太空舱)____37____(catch)theattentionofmanypeople.ThepenwasproducedbyShaoguanShengyiStationeryCo.,Ltd.,whichisapioneerin____38____(make)pensusedinouterspace.Thespacepenisdifferent____39____acommonpen.Acommonpencanneitherwithstandtheinfluenceandvibration(震动)experiencedbythespaceshipduringrocketlaunch(发射)norwrite____40____(proper)inanenvironmentofouterspace:Thepen____41____(have)aheadmadeofspecialmaterialstomakeitpossibletowriteinouterspace.Theinkwithinthepenisalsoaspecialliquidwithhighviscosity(黏性),makingwritingsticktosurfacescloselyinsteadofflyingoffasdangerous____42____(drop).What’smore,thehead____43____islesssharpthantheheadofanormalpencanbesafelyusedinthecabin.Aspacependevelopedbythecompany____44____(send)intospaceaboardtheShenzhen-10spacecraftin2013,makingChinathe_____45_____(two)countryintheworldabletoindependentlyproduceapenusableinspace.〖答案〗36.a37.caught38.making39.from40.properly41.has42.drops43.which/that44.wassent45.second【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国生产的太空笔的情况。【36题详析】考查冠词。句意：当全国人民密切关注中国神舟14号宇宙飞船的发射时，一只漂浮在太空舱里的钢笔引起了许多人的注意。pen为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。【37题详析】考查时态。句意：当全国人民密切关注中国神舟14号宇宙飞船的发射时，一只漂浮在太空舱里的钢笔引起了许多人的注意。描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词catch应用一般过去时。故填caught。【38题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支笔是由韶关圣艺文具有限公司生产的，该公司是生产外太空用笔的先驱。作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填making。【39题详析】考查介词。句意：太空笔不同于普通的钢笔。短语bedifferentfrom表示“不同于”。故填from。【40题详析】考查副词。句意：一支普通的笔既不能承受宇宙飞船在火箭发射过程中所经历的影响和振动，也不能在外太空环境中正常书写：这种笔的笔头由特殊材料制成，使其能够在外太空书写。修饰动词write应用副词properly，作状语。故填properly。【41题详析】考查时态。句意：一支普通的笔既不能承受宇宙飞船在火箭发射过程中所经历的影响和振动，也不能在外太空环境中正常书写：这种笔的笔头由特殊材料制成，使其能够在外太空书写。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为pen，谓语动词have用第三人称单数形式。故填has。【42题详析】考查名词的数。句意：钢笔内的墨水也是一种特殊的高粘度液体，使书写紧密地粘在表面，而不是像危险的液滴一样飞出去。drop为可数名词，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填drops。【43题详析】考查定语从句。句意：更重要的