商务英语阅读3学习通超星期末考试答案章节答案2024年

商务英语阅读3学习通超星期末考试章节答案2024年6.

LookingfornewsuppliersincountriesotherthanChinawouldbeagoodoptionforbigcompanieswithampleresources.

答案:对5.

Chinesesuppliersarecontenttoseerisingcostsbecauseinthiswaytheycanmakemoreprofits.

答案:错4.

ThefirstoptiontheauthorsuggeststomanufacturingmanagersistofindthepositiveaspectsinChina;that’swhathemeansbythe“newChina”.

答案:错3.

ItwouldbedangerousforsomemanagerstothinkthatChineseauthoritieswouldtrytoforcewagesandpricesdown.

答案:对2.

Increasingdemandforlaborleadstorisingwages,whichcauserisingcostsinChina.

答案:对RespondingtoCostIncreasesinChinaByJoshGreen

2008-11-19/companies-amp-executives/responding-cost-increases-china1.It’satoughtimetobeinthemanufacturingbusiness.Consumersarespendingless,thecostofmanufacturingisincreasing,andfinancingyourwaythroughthesedifficulttimesispracticallyimpossible.AtPanjiva,wecallthisstateofaffairs,“TheGreatSqueeze”–becausecompaniesarefindingthemselvessqueezedbyseveralforcesostensiblybeyondtheircontrol.Undoubtedly,somecompanieswillnotsurviveTheGreatSqueeze–mostlikelythosethatemploytheDeerinHeadlightsstrategy:doingnothinginthefaceofdanger.Incontrast,survivorswilltakeaggressiveactiontoaddressthemanageableaspectsofTheGreatSqueeze.Thisarticlewillexploreoneofthesemanageableaspects–theincreasingcostofmanufacturing,particularlyinChina.CostIncreasesinChinaareNotTemporary2.Bynow,mostsupplychainmanagersarequitefamiliarwiththestorythatendsinhighermanufacturingcosts.BecauseeveryonedecidedtomanufactureinChina,thedemandforlaborincreased,leadingtorisingwages,whichforcedfactoriestoraisetheirprices(i.e.,yourcosts).Thegoodnewsisthatyou'renotaloneinconfrontingrisingcostsinChina.Infact,therisingcostofdoingbusinessinChinaisthemostcommoncomplaintIhearfromsourcingexecutives.And,thereareactionsyoucantaketokeepcostsundercontrol.I'llcomebacktothisinamoment,but,first,letmeaddressaverydangerouslineofthinking--thatpriceincreasesinChinaaretemporary.3.AcommonmisconceptionisthattheChineseauthoritieswilllikelytakeactionifthecostofdoingbusinessinChinacontinuestorise.Manythink(orhope)thatthegovernmentwillworktokeepwagesandpricesundercontrolinanefforttomaintainthegrowthoftheirexistingexportindustries.4.However,evidencesuggeststheChineseauthoritiesaretolerating--and,insomecases,encouraging--theseincreases.Authoritieshaveraisedtheminimumwagerepeatedly,ostensiblysothatpeoplecancopewiththerisingcostoflivingassociatedwithfoodandfuel.Moreover,Chineseauthoritieshavebeentakingsignificantstepstoencourageunionization.WhywouldChineseauthoritiesbecomfortablewiththesestepswhichwillultimatelyresultinhighercostsofdoingbusiness?DavidBarboza,a

NewYorkTimesreporter,offeredaconvincingexplanationwhenhewrotethattheauthoritiesare"nolongercontenttobethehomeoflow-skilled,low-cost,low-marginmanufacturing"andaretryingtomoveChinesecompanies"upthevaluechain".Bottomline:don'tbetagainstcontinuedincreasesinthecostofdoingbusinessinChina.StrategiesforContainingCosts5.Soifyouareconvinced,asIam,thatcostincreasesinChinaare

not

temporary,thereareseveraloptionsavailable,eachwithitsprosandcons,toaddressthisaspectoftheGreatSqueeze.Determiningwhichisrightforyourbusinessrequiresathoroughunderstandingoftheprosandconsofeach--aswellasanhonestassessmentofyourcompany'sspecificcircumstances.First,let'sreviewtheoptions:(1)Identifythe"NewChina"forYourIndustry6.Thereisnoshortageofcountriesseekingtobethe"NewChina,"byofferinglowerwagelabor.Whichcountriesshouldbeonyourshortlist?Theanswerisindustryspecific,becausealow-costlaborpoolisonlyvaluabletoyouifithastheskillsyourequire.Forexample,intheapparelindustry,VietnamandCambodiaaretwofrequentlyevaluatedoptions.(2)ChinaistheNewChina7.IncreasesinwageshavebeenmostsignificantintheSouthernandcoastalregionsofChina.InNorthernandinlandChina,thereremainsavastpooloflowwagelabor.Manycompaniesarelookingtosuppliersintheseregionsasanoptionforkeepingcostsundercontrol.(3)LeverageYourSuppliers'Networks8.YoursuppliersinSouthernChinaarejustasconcernedasyouareaboutrisingcosts.Inanefforttokeepcostsundercontrol,theyarelikelyworkingwith--orcurrentlysearchingfor--subcontractingpartnersinotherregionswithinChinaoroutsideofthecountry.Therefore,youmaybeabletoworkthroughyourexistingsupplierstokeepcostsdown.ChoosingtheStrategythat'sRightforYou9.Whichstrategyisrightforyou?Itdependsonhowlargetheresourcesatyourdisposalare,andhowquicklyyouneedtolowercosts.10.Thefirststrategy--lookingtonewgeographies--requiresasignificantfinancialandresearchinvestment.First,you'llneedtogettoknowthecustomsandregulationsthatcomewithdoingbusinessinthenewgeography.Second,suppliersinnewgeographieswillnothavethesamecapabilitiesasthesuppliersyou'veusedto-date.Soyou'llneedtoworkwiththesenewsupplierstobuildtheircapabilitiesandhavepatiencewhentheinevitablehiccupsoccur.Youwilllikelynotseethebenefitsofworkinginthesenewgeographiesforsometime.Therefore,thisstrategyisbestlefttobiggercompanieswhohaveampleresourcesandthepatiencetowaitforthepayoff.11.Thesecondstrategy--lookingtonewregionsinChina--requiresthesametypeofinvestment,intermsofmoneyandtime,withoneexception--thereisnolearningcurveforcustomsandregulations.However,youwillwanttoinvestigatetheadministrativelandscapeinnewgeographies,becausegovernmentauthoritiesareofferinglotsofincentivestocompaniesthatventureintonewregionswithinChina.Again,thisstrategyisbestlefttobiggercompanies.12.Thethirdstrategy--leveragingyourexistingsuppliers'networks--requirestwothingstobetrue.First,yoursuppliersneedtoberesourcefulandconnected.Second,youneedtobecomfortablewithyoursuppliersworkingwithsubcontractors.Alotofbigcompaniesarerightlyconcernedabouttherisksthatcomewithsubcontracting(forinstance,theriskthatsubcontractorswillnotliveuptothecompany'sstandardsforsocialresponsibility),andsothisstrategymaynotbeappropriateforthem.However,leveragingyoursuppliers'networksrequiresverylittleinthewayofresourcesandthereforemaybeperfectforsmallerorganizations.13.Eachstrategyrequiressomethingfromyou:ataminimum,flexibility,and,intwocases,significantinvestmentofmoneyandtime.However,thegoodnewsisthis--thereisanalternativetotheDeerinHeadlightsstrategy.YouCANcontrolcostsand,insodoing,helpyourcompanyavoiddeathviaTheGreatSqueeze.

Exercises:I.ReadingComprehension:Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)basedonwhatyouhavereadinthepassage.1.

Inthistoughtimeofmanufacturingbusiness,onlythosewhotakeaggressiveactionstoaddressproblemswillsurvive.

2.Increasingdemandforlaborleadstorisingwages,whichcauserisingcostsinChina.

3.ItwouldbedangerousforsomemanagerstothinkthatChineseauthoritieswouldtrytoforcewagesandpricesdown.4.ThefirstoptiontheauthorsuggeststomanufacturingmanagersistofindthepositiveaspectsinChina;that’swhathemeansbythe“newChina”.

5.Chinesesuppliersarecontenttoseerisingcostsbecauseinthiswaytheycanmakemoreprofits.

6.LookingfornewsuppliersincountriesotherthanChinawouldbeagoodoptionforbigcompanieswithampleresources.

7.MovingintothemiddleandwesternpartofChinatoreducecostscanbeaverygoodoptionforsmallercompanies.

答案:对incentives

答案:激励措施regulations

答案:法规subcontracting

答案:分包valuechain

答案:价值链margin

答案:毛利润minimumwage

答案:最低工资标准sourcing

答案:外包II.Terms:Translatethefollowing

termsintoChinese.

supplychain

答案:供应链I.GiveasimpledefinitiontothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.engaging

2.compelling

3.traffic

4.conversion

5.stayabreastof

6.inprint

答案:omitted6.

Of

course,

in

the

case

of

Asia,

it

might

be

possible

to

use

the

existing

dollar

pegs

as

the

basis

for

determining

future

rates.

答案:conversion5.

In

the

interview,

Crittenden

said

the

Citigroup

has

no

need

to

raise

more

capital

now.

答案:compelling3.

current

rates,

rate

changes

and

all

promotions,

current

facilities,

services,

hours

of

operation,

etc.

答案:Stayabreastof2.

MasterCard

initially

blamed

problems

with

its

website

on

heavy

and

said

that

its

payment

services

were

unaffected.

答案:traffic1.Many

ads

today

are

deliberately

oblique:

they

have

an

story

line,

but

it

is

hard

to

tell

what

they

are

trying

to

sell.

答案:engagingover-investment

答案:过渡投资cheapmoney

答案:低息贷款foreigndirectinvestment

答案:外国直接投资“South–South”investment

答案:南南投资Commercialbanks

答案:商业银行Eurozone

答案:欧元区Cross-bordercapitalflows

答案:跨境资本流动emergingmarkets

答案:新兴市场slowdown

答案:经济放缓corporateandgovernmentbonds

答案:公司债券和政府债券equity-marketcapitalization

答案:股票市值bubble

答案:泡沫equityindexes

答案:股票指数TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).capitalmarkets

答案:货币市场I.GiveasimpledefinitiontothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.beckoning

2.interpretation

3.affluence

4.appeal

5.spectrum

6.backfire

7.replicate

8.internship

答案:Omitted.8.Whereany

customs

operations

are

involved,

the

GeneralAdministration

of

Customs

shallbe

responsible

forthe

.

答案:interpretation7.MittRomney

is

the

only

"full-

"

conservative;

atleast,

he

claims

tobe.

答案:spectrum6.But,

increasing

will

bring

with

ita

desire

for

more

freedom.

答案:affluence5.

She

has

recently

completed

an

at

GoldmanSachs,the

American

investmentbank,

and

with

Lehman

Brothers,in

London.

答案:internship4.

However,

being

closely

affiliated

with

your

own

government

can

also

,

if

the

regime

inthehost

nation

falls

out

withit.

答案:backfire3.

Studies

done

at

the

time

showed

such

a

vehicle

was

technically

feasible,

was

fairly

easy

to

manufacture

and

had

commercial

.

答案:appeal2.

China

is

trying

to

that

model

in

mature

markets,

albeit

not

in

the

form

of

development

assistance.

答案:replicateII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.Anentirelynewera,theeraofknowledgeeconomy,is

uson.

答案:beckoningover-investmetn

答案:过度投资stimulus

答案:经济刺激inflation

答案:通货膨胀realestatebubble

答案:房地产泡沫interestrates

答案:利率FederalReserve

答案:美联储hardlanding

答案:硬着陆governmentbonds

答案:政府债券Citigroup

答案:花旗银行LehmanBrothers

答案:雷曼兄弟centralbanks

答案:央行TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).easymoneypolicies

答案:宽松的货币政策I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

embattled

2.

downright

3.

turnoverrate

4.

outplacement

5.

vie

6.

tenure

7.

dismiss

8.

vent

答案:Omitted.8.That

forced

usto

layoff

about

1,

000

people,

and

we

setup

an

service

within

ourown

company.

答案:outplacement7.

Auto

giants

for

China'sgreen

car

market.

答案:vie6.

Male

job

ishigher

than

female

in

every

education

category.

答案:turnoverrate5.

He

gave

to

his

anger

by

swearing

loudly.

答案:vent4.Senior

executives

are

required

to

hold

their

stocks

throughout

their

and

forseveral

years

later.

答案:tenure3.

They

should

inject

some

much-needed

confidence

into

the

currency

and

into

an

people.

答案:embattled2.He

said

defenselawyers

would

seek

to

the

charges.

答案:dismissII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.Thedatalastweekwere

disappointing--theoppositeofwhatpeoplehadhopedtosee.

答案:downrightbalancesheet

答案:资产负债表liabilities

答案:负债pensionfund

答案:养老金taxpayer

答案:纳税人leverage

答案:杠杆作用maturitymismatch

答案:期限错配trustcompany

答案:信托公司asset

答案:资产shadowbanking

答案:影子银行业务TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).financialcrisis

答案:金融危机I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

commission

2.

loot

3.

civilservant

4.

rebuff

答案:Omitted.4.

As

a

,heorshe

should

take

civilians’interests

as

top

priority

rather

than

hisown

benefits.

答案:civilservant3.AGoogle

spokesman

said

the

company

continued

"to

work

cooperatively

with

the

European

".

答案:Commission2.

Most

pirates

did

not

kill

people

because

they

were

only

interested

in

the

.

答案:lootII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.Facts

are

the

most

powerful

to

rumormongers.

答案:rebuffdiscount

答案:折扣tablet

答案:平板电脑smartphone

答案:智能手机QRcodes

答案:二维码property

答案:不动产TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).customized

答案:定制的I.GiveasimpledefinitiontothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

anachronistic

2.

veto

3.

stark

4.

pulpit

5.

gabfest

答案:omitted.5.

It

has

become

a

constant

refrain

at

U.

N.

headquarters

that

theSecurity

Councilis

.

答案:anachronistic4.Zhao

says

the

peaceful

natureof

Zheng

He's

voyages

show

that,

in

contrast

totheWest's

rise,

China

is

notanexpansionist

culture.

答案:stark3.Itwas

always

going

to

be

easier

foraUS

president

toclimbintothe

when

Washington

felt

secure

in

its

hegemony.

答案:pulpit2.Afterall,

the

involving

senior

Congressional

leaders

from

both

parties

lasted

well

over

six

hours,

with

no

tangible

results.

答案:gabfestII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.

1.PresidentObamahassaidhewould

thelegislationifitwereeventuallypassed.

答案:vetohighlytraffickedwebsite

答案:高访问量网站returnoninvestment

答案:投资回报率brochure

答案:宣传册targetmarketing

答案:目标市场营销TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).directmail

答案:直邮I.GiveasimpledefinitiontothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

multilateral

2.

sovereign

3.

skepticism

4.

shun

5.

predominantly

6.

inauguration

7.

feasibility

8.

tactfully

答案:Omitted.8."The

crisis

is

not

over

yet,

"

he

said,

adding

that

growth

would

come

from

emerging

markets.

答案:predominantly7.Instead,

you'll

have

time

to

test

boththe

of

your

business

idea

and

the

practicality

of

you

running

sucha

business.

答案:feasibility6.Bringing

the

issue

under

discussions

isnotconducive

to

the

settlement

of

the

dispute,

but

will

only

complicate

the

matter.

答案:multilateral5.The

president

said

in

his

he

would

carry

outhis

campaign

commitment.

答案:inauguration4.He

said

he

was

pleased

to

note

that

Greece

wascoming

out

of

the

shadow

ofa

debt

crisis.

答案:sovereign3.But

just

because

a

bubble

might

be

brewing

in,

say,

China,

it

doesnot

mean

investors

should

the

country.

答案:shun2.The

Chinese

government's

stated

ambitionof

turning

the

country

into

a

global

R&D

center

has

aroused

afair

bit

of

.

答案:skepticismII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.

1.ThenewCEOcalledapressconferenceand

laidtheblameatthefeetofthepreviousCEO.

答案:tactfullyturnoverrate

答案:员工流动率downturn

答案:经济下滑LaborContractLaw

答案:劳动合同法talentissue

答案:人才问题double-digit

答案:两位数的logistics

答案:物流recruitment

答案:招聘payrolling

答案:工资名单humanresources

答案:人力资源privateequity

答案:私募股权venturecapital

答案:风险资本intellectualpropertyright

答案:知识产权subsidy

答案:补贴TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).taxbreaks

答案:减免税/税收优惠I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

piracy

2.

knockoff

3.

petition

4.

scrap

5.

punitive

6.

succumbto

答案:Omitted.6.A

bankruptcy

may

be

filed

either

by

the

debtor

or

bytheir

creditors

requesting

areceiving

order.

答案:petition4.Cutting

the

deficit

would

force

her

to

some

ofthesocial

promises

she

had

made

to

voters.

答案:scrap3.TheUS

could

impose

tariffs

of

upto

100%

on

some

countries'

exports.

答案:punitive2.I’m

a

great

salesman.

I

could

sell

a

Windows2000toBillGates.

答案:knockoffII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.You

can

either

your

emotions;

or

you

can

stand

up,

fight,andjustgofor

whatever

will

make

you

happy.

答案:succumbtocompetitiveadvantage

答案:竞争优势customerservice

答案:客户服务weakdollar

答案:疲软的美元masscustomization

答案:大众定制customizedproducts

答案:定制产品niche

答案:缝隙市场/利基市场invertory

答案:库存shippingprice

答案:海运价格exporttax

答案:出口税TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).contractmanufacturer

答案:合约制造商I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

grim

2.

stem

3.

bipartisan

4.

anti-dumping

5.

blatantly

6.

proponent

7.

scenario

8.

legitimate

答案:Omitted.8.Atleast

by

this

one

measure,

stocks

are

nolonger

overvalued.

答案:blatantly7.

"This

was

an

orchestrated

case

of

deliberate

taxevasion,

and

not

tax

planning,"

he

said.

答案:legitimate6.

Such

a

could

force

Australia

intoa

hardlanding

that

would

be

likely

to

prolong

and

deepen

a

downturn.

答案:scenario5.Notsurprisingly,

China'scentral

bank

is

the

main

internal

of

reform.

答案:proponent4.

The

measures

are

meant

to

the

tide

of

illegal

immigration.

答案:stem3.

The

figure

is

likely

to

be

,

showing

an

economy

that

grew

barely,

if

atall.

答案:grim2.

Hopes

fora

compromiseonhealthcareappeartobefading.

答案:bipartisanII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.

hasbecome

thebest

of

contemporary

means

oftrade

barriers.

答案:Anti-dumpingintellectualproperty

答案:知识产权licensor

答案:许可方licensee

答案:被许可方license

答案:许可证royalties

答案:专利费monopoly

答案:垄断patent

答案:专利tradesecrets

答案:商业机密proprietary

答案:知识产权的acquisition

答案:收购outsourcing

答案:外包know-how

答案:技术诀窍in-house

答案:在公司内部TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).R&D

答案:研发I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

grip

2.

brash

3.

concede

4.

stagnate

5.

complacent

6.

icon

7.

lingering

8.

grail

9.

myriad

答案:Omitted.9.Something

of

the

same

mood

is

starting

to

the

EuropeanUnion.

答案:grip8.Even

those

who

advocate

real

estate

investing

thatyou

need

the

right

circumstances

before

youtaketheplunge.

答案:concede7.It

was

the

holy

of

investors.

答案:grail6.

One

ofthe

first

things

you

learn

withe-commerce

is

to

deal

with

files.

答案:myriad5.

Google's

border-straddling

scale

and

its

ambitions

raise

alarms

withsome

European

politicians.

答案:brash4.A

well-thought

logo

design

can

effectively

use

a

simple

to

leave

a

deep

enough

impression

for

the

public.

答案:icon3.Our

countries

havebeen

,

particularly

since

joining

the

EU.

答案:complacent2.Japanese

stocks

are

back

in

vogue,

atleast

for

now,

despite

worries

over

dismaleconomic

prospects

and

thestrong

yen.

答案:lingeringII.Choosethebestword(fromthewordslistedabove)foreachblank.1.If

theeconomy

remains

,the

Bank

will

probably

beslow

to

remove

theliquidity.

答案:stagnantWealthcondensation

答案:财富聚集FDI

答案:对外直接投资InternationalMonetaryFund

答案:国际货币基金组织globalization

答案:全球化TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese(theunderlinedtermsinthetext).Ginicoefficient

答案:基尼系数I.Giveasimpledefinition(whichyouthinkisthemostimportant)tothefollowingvocabularyinEnglish.1.

champion

2.

cluster

3.

backlash

4.

reckon

5.

conduit

6.

watchdog

7.

windup/waɪnd/

答案:Omitted.7.

The

local

industrial

is

usually

the

result

ofthe

fragmentation

ofthe

global

value

chain.

答案:cluster6.

Some

people

thatthe

debt

position

of

many

rich

countries

is

now

unsustainable