专题08谓语动词的时态和语态-2024年中考英语真题题源解密（原卷版）

专题08谓语动词的时态和语态江苏中考英语对谓语动词的考查集中在单项选择题、填空题和短文填空题。考查重点包括谓语动词的时态和语态。本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理谓语动词的用法，以帮助同学们高效复习。考点考向考法/命题角度谓语动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态谓语动词的基本时态谓语动词的语态一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和含情态动词的被动语态。►考向一谓语动词的时态1．（2023·江苏淮安）—SuHai,whatwillyoudofortheingFather’sDay?—I________abeautifulcardformyfather.A．design B．designed C．willdesign D．wasdesigning【答案】C【详解】句意：——苏海，在即将到来的父亲节你会做什么？——我将为我父亲设计一张漂亮的卡片。考查时态。根据“fortheingFather’sDay”可知动作还未发生，用一般将来时willdo。故选C。2．（2023·江苏常州）We________onthecountrysideroadwhenasuddenstormhit,sowemadeourwayback.A．jogged B．werejogging C．havejogged D．willjog【答案】B【详解】句意：我们在乡间小路上慢跑时，突然刮起了暴风雨，于是我们往回走。考查时态。根据“whenasuddenstormhit”可知是当暴风雨时，正在慢跑，用过去进行时was/weredoing。故选B。3．（2023·江苏镇江）TeawasborninChinaover4,000yearsago.Nowit________partofpeople’slifearoundtheworld.A．became B．hasbee C．wasbeing D．bee【答案】B【详解】句意：茶起源于4000多年前的中国。现在它已经成为世界各地人们生活的一部分。考查动词时态。根据“TeawasborninChinaover4,000yearsago.”结合语境可知，茶现在已经成为世界各地人们生活的一部分，所以此处应用现在完成时have/hasdone，故选B。4．（2023·江苏扬州）I________ChinaforthreemonthsandthisisthefirsttimeI’vetriedonhanfu.A．havegoneto B．havebeento C．havearrivedin D．havebeenin【答案】D【详解】句意：我来中国三个月了，这是我第一次穿汉服。考查动词短语。havegoneto去了（而且现在还在）某地；havebeento去过了（而现在没在）某地；havearrivedin已经到了，短暂性动词；havebeenin（现在）在某地。根据“forthreemonths”可知，应是在中国三个月了，且应与延续性动词连用，故选D。谓语动词的时态时态含义结构时间状语一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。am/is/are或其他动词的一般现在时形式usually,always,often,everyday等一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。was/were或其他动词的过去式形式yesterday,in1992,lastyear,threedaysago等现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。am/is/are+动词ing形式now,atthemoment等一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。begoingto/will+动词原形tomorrow,nextweek，inthefuture等过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。was/were+动词ing形式at2:00yesterday，atthistimeyesterday，while/when，then/atthattime/atthatmoment；whenmyfathergothome现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态has/have+动词的过去分词形式since，for，sofar，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，inthelast/pastfewyears考点1：一般现在时注意：1.在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时。常用的标志词有：if，unless，assoonas，when，not…until…，before。如：You’llbelateforschoolifyoudon’ttakeataxi.如果不搭计程车，你上学就迟到了考点二：一般过去时考点三：现在进行时注意：1e，go，leave，arrive，begin，start，fly，move等表示位置移动的动词，常用进行时表示将来。如：Look!Busising.看！车就要来了。IamleavingforShanghai.我将出发去上海。2.be+介词/副词，也可表示正在进行的动作。如：Heisatwork.=Heisworking.他正在工作。考点四：一般将来时考点五：过去进行时考点六：现在完成时注意：1.与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，howlong。2.常用的现在完成时的句型结构（1）Ithasbeen/It’s+时间段+since+过去时从句/过去的时间如：Ithasbeen/It’sthreeyearssincewemeteachotherlasttime.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。►考向二谓语动词的语态5．（2023·江苏镇江）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuyicbooks.A．use B．isused C．used D．wasused【答案】D【详解】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocketmoney和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“WhenIwasapupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。6．（2023·江苏徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving【答案】A【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。7．（2023·江苏连云港）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A．plant B．willplant C．areplanted D．willbeplanted【答案】D【详解】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。考查一般将来时被动语态。主语moretrees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合nextyear可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态willbedone的结构，故选D。谓语动词的语态1.概念：英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，理解为“被……”。2.结构：被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者，只强调突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。【易错警示】难点（1）：动词短语变成被动语态时，要保持完整，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。如：Theoldaretakengoodcareofintheoldpeople’shome.老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好。难点（2）：省略to的动词不定式，在被动语态中要还原to。难点（3）：不用被动语态的词，常见的有：1.五感官三变化两发生：look，smell，taste，feel，sound，bee，get，turn，happen，takeplace。如：Theflowerssmellnice.花闻起来很香。（不能用aresmelt）GreatchangestookplaceinChina.中国发生了巨大变化。（不能用weretakenplace）2.eout，belongto，breakout，spread，appear，disappear也不用被动语态。如：TheCDcameoutyesterday.这个CD昨天就发行了。（不能用waseout）3.某些可以和“well，easily，smoothly”连用的不及物动词，且主语是物体，不用被动语态。这类词有：read，write，draw，wash，clean，cook，sell，lock，open，cut。如：Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。（不能用iswritten）Thiskindofshirtsellsverywell.这款裙子卖得很好。（不能用issold）难点（4）：一些易混淆的被动语态用法1.havesth.done=havesb.dosth.请别人做某事如：IhavemyTVrepaired.=IhavesomeonerepairmyTV.我请人修电视。2.Itissaidthat…/Itisbelievedthat…/Itisreportedthat…据说/据认为/据报道如：It’ssaidthatthelibraryhasalonghistory.据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。3.grow表示种植时，有被动语态；grow表示成长，生长时，没有被动语态。如：RiceisgrowninthesouthofChina.水稻种植在中国南方。Ricegrowswellthisyear.水稻今年长得很好。（不能用isgrown）4.sth.need/requiredoing=sth.need/requiretobedone需要/要求做某事如：Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.花需要浇水。难点（5）：带双宾语的动词变被动语态：A谓语动词的时态8．（2023·江苏宿迁·校联考一模）—Mum,whereisDad?—He________toChengduonbusinessandhe’llbebacknextweek.A．hasgone B．isgoing C．went D．goes9．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）—IwonderifJohn________nextyear’stalentshow.—Ihavenoidea.ButIthinkifhe________hisclassproject,hewill.A．joins;finishes B．joinsin;willfinishC．takespartin;finishes D．willtakepartin;finishes10．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）—AreyougoingtowatchtheingshowinWandaPlaza?—Sure.IwillgotherethisSaturdayunlesstheshow________.A．willbecancelled B．iscancelled C．willcancel D．cancels11．（2023·江苏宿迁·校联考三模）—Hey,Kitty!Why________youetothecinemawithusyesterday?—Sorry.I________aninterestingbookcalledThreeBodyProblematthattimeyesterday.A．not;wasreading B．don’t;wasreading C．didn’t;wasreading D．not;read12．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）—Shallwemeetatthezoogateat8a.m.?—Infactweneedn’t.It________until9a.m.A．doesn’topen B．opens C．didn’topen D．opened13．（2023·江苏南京·校考一模）—TomhasgonetoShanghaiforatrip.—Oh,Ididn’tknow.When________?A．hasheleft B．washeleaving C．didheleave D．willheleave14．（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）—Hurry!Hurry!I’mafraidthefilm_______forawhile.—Watchyourstep!Safetyalwaysesfirst.A．wason B．hasbegun C．began D．hasbeenon15．（2023·江苏徐州·统考三模）Ourschool________abigfootballfieldnearthelibrary.Nowwecanplayhappilythere.A．builds B．willbuild C．isbuilding D．hasbuilt16．（2023·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考三模）MonthsagoIranandKSAwereinagreementthatthey________alongwitheachother.A．got B．get C．weregetting D．wouldget17．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Inthepastfewmonths,alotofforeignleaders________interviewswithPresidentXiJinping.ItmeansthatChinaisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleintheworld.A．had B．arehaving C．havehad D．willhave18．（2023·江苏常州·校考二模）Ourcountry________greatchangesinthepast75yearsanditisnolonger________itusedtobe.A．wentthrough;what B．hasgonethrough;that C．experienced;that D．hasexperienced;what19．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考三模）—Whatareyousavingmoneyfor?—Father’sDayisaroundthecorner.I________agiftformyfather.A．bought B．havebought C．wasbuying D．amgoingtobuy20．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）—Jack,whyareyousolate?I________hereforonehour.—Itcan’tbeworse.WhenIwasabouttogoout,Igotacallfrommyboss.A．waited B．wait C．havewaited D．waswaiting21．（2023·江苏扬州·校考二模）—HasyourfatherebackfromShanghai?—Yes.He______thereforaboutonemonthtotakecareofmygrandfatherinhospital.A．hasstayed B．stays C．willstay D．stayed22．（2023·江苏南京·南京外国语学校仙林分校校考三模）Theweatherischangeablethesedays.Itrainyandcloudyinthepastfewdays.Ihopethattomorrowwillbeasunnyday.A．willbe B．is C．hasbeen D．was23．（2023·江苏连云港·校考二模）—Haveyouvisitedthe2023GardenEXPOinLianyungang?—Notyet.I________thewholedayyesterday.A．work B．worked C．wasworking D．hasworked24．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）—Rememberthefirsttimewemet?—Alwaysinmymind!You________anovelcalledTreasureIsland.A．read B．haveread C．arereading D．werereading25．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）—Shirley,shallwewatchthefilmBorntoFlythisweekend?—I’mafraidnot.I________ittwiceandthestoryofChinesepilotsreallytouchedme.A．watch B．watched C．waswatching D．havewatched26．（2023·江苏常州·统考一模）Severalmeninblack________whenthepolicecameintotherestaurant.A．weredrinking B．havedrunk C．drank D．aredrinking27．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）—________didyouruncleleaveforthecapitalofDenmark?—Letmesee.He________fornearly2months.A．When;hasleft B．Howlong;hasbeenawayC．Howlong;hasleft D．When;hasbeenaway28．（2023·江苏淮安·校联考三模）Youhadbettergooverwhatyouhavelearntasoftenaspossibleoryou________iteasily.A．forgot B．forgets C．willforget D．isforgetting29．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmFullRiverRed?—Wonderful.ItwasthebestmovieI________duringthewinterholiday.A．havewatched B．watched C．watch D．waswatching30．（2023·江苏连云港·统考二模）Everyyear,Samuel________aDIYpresenttohisfatheronFather’sDay.A．willsend B．sends C．willbesent D．issentB谓语动词的语态31．（2023·江苏南通·校考三模）—It’ssaidthatscientistsarenowdoingresearchonsearice.—Great!Ifrice______insaltywater,China’sfoodsupplywillsurelyrisegreatly.A．willplant B．plant C．willbeplanted D．isplanted32．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）It’ssaidhernameinthenewlypublishedarticlenextmonth.A．mentions B．ismentioned C．willmention D．willbementioned33．（2023·江苏徐州·统考三模）TheMonkeyKingisaChinesecartoonhero.Today,he________bypeopleofallages.A．willlove B．wasloved C．isloved D．willbeloved34．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Accordingtothesurvey,about800,000newenergyvehicles（车辆）madeinChina________toforeigncountriesbytheendof2023.A．willsell B．aresold C．willbesold D．sell35．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Tomwillemailhisprojectplantoyouassoonasit________tomorrow.A．hasfinished B．isfinished C．finishes D．willbefinished36．（2023·江苏南京·南师附中树人学校校考三模）Thereisarayofhopethatpeoplemissingattheseaafterthestormlastnight________alive.A．werefound B．arefound C．found D．willbefound37．（2023·江苏泰州·校考三模）—TheEntranceExamsforthehighschoolising,I’msostressed!—Don’tworry.Nothingwillbedifficultifmoretime________onthem.A．willspend B．willbespent C．isspent D．spends38．（2023·江苏扬州·校考三模）Janespendshalfofherpocketmoneyonbooks.Therest________forfutureuse.A．saved B．aresaved C．issaved D．wassaved39．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）InEnglishclass,morechances________tostudentstolearnfromeachotheringroups.A．offer B．willoffer C．areoffering D．areoffered40．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考三模）Lastyear,MrZhang________toaschoolinthecountrysidetoteachEnglish.A．wassent B．hassent C．willbesent D．issent41．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）Oxfam,aninternationalcharity,________intheUKin1942tohelppeopleinhunger.A．setup B．wassetup C．tookup D．wastakenup42．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考三模）—Wow!Allthebreadinthisstore________.—Yes.Thebreadtherealways________.A．sellsout;tasteswell B．sellsout;istastedgoodC．issoldout;istastedwell D．issoldout;tastesgood43．（2023·江苏盐城·校考二模）Threemorenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．willbuild B．isbuilt C．build D．willbebuilt44．（2023·江苏泰州·统考二模）—Howexciting!The19thAsianGames________inHangzhouinSeptember2023.—