新高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题16 形容词和副词 -第16讲 -形容词和副词（讲）（学生版）

2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）第16讲—形容词和副词【复习概览】在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识核心素养在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识核心素养形容词和副词语言能力语法知识形容词和副词语言能力语法知识1.单句填空2.语篇填空1.单句填空2.语篇填空3.单句翻译4.书面表达生活实践和学习探索情境高考评价生活实践和学习探索情境高考评价关键能力必备知识（）关键能力必备知识（）【命题分析】一、命题要求形容词和副词考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：词形转换、形容词作定语、表语、副词作状语等。二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空；2.完形填空3.书面表达。形容词和副词在语法填空中是必考点。2022年形容词和副词一定考，让学生掌握这个考点是必要的。【基础巩固】知识点：形容词和副词重难点知识：考点1形容词、副词的比较级【典例】1.【2021·英语全国甲卷】Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat45．(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!2.【2021·全国新高考I卷】Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the59．(hot)thespring!3.【2021·浙江1月】Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside,including______(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【方法指导】1．比较级的修饰语常见的有rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，alot，alittle，agreatdeal，byfar，abit等。2．比较级＋than...“比……更”；less...than“不如……”。3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级“越……，越……”。4．the＋比较级＋of(the)＋名词/代词“(两者中)较……的”。【变式】【变式】1[2019·上海卷]shebelievesstudentsarelearningautomaticityfasterwithkeyboardsthanwithhandwriting:studentsarelearninghowtotypewithoutlookingatthekeysat______（early）ages,andtotypefasterthantheycouldwrite,grantingthemextratimetothinkaboutwordchoiceorsentencestructure.【变式】2（2021·山东高三一模）—It’sreportedthatFuxinghigh-speedtraincango___________350kmanhour.A．sofastas B．asfastas C．asfasteras D．fastthan考点2形容词、副词的最高级【典例】1.【四川省遂宁市2021届高三零诊】Brazil,the_________(large)countryinSouthAmerica,isfamousfortheAmazonrainforestandsoccer.Butonthehottestdays,peopletravelthereforanotherreason–theCarnival.2.【河南省顶尖名校2021届高三联考】The________(much)importantthingistotakeasimpleconcept.Iftheconceptistoodifficult,itwillbedifficultforchildrentofinishthatexperiment.【方法指导】1．三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。2．最高级的修饰语常见的有序数词，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notreally，notquite，nothinglike等。3．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。4．thelast表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。【变式】TheMetropolitanMuseumofArtisoneoftheworld’s(large)artmuseums.

考点3倍数表达法【典例】①ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethreetimesasbigasthepresentone.为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。②Smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth，killingseventimesmorepeopleeachyearthantrafficaccidents.吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于交通事故的7倍多。③Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的4倍大。④Thepriceistentimeswhatitnormallyisandtotallybeyondthereachofordinarypeople.这个价格是平时的10倍，一般人根本买不起。【方法指导】表示倍数的几个句型1．倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...2．倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...3．倍数＋the＋性质名词(size/length/height等)＋of...4．The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋what从句5．The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋that/thoseof...考点4形容词作状语①Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher，thelittlegirlranbackhome，happyandsatisfied.被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩非常高兴，满足地跑回了家。②Helpless，wewatchedourhomedestroyedbeforeoureyes.我们束手无策，只能眼睁睁地看着自己的家园被毁掉。③Scaredandalone，JoshuaonedaymakesfriendswithalittlemousehecallsBethlehemwhobecomeshisclosestfriend.由于害怕和孤独，一天Joshua和一只被他叫作Bethlehem的小老鼠成为朋友，之后那只小老鼠成为了他最亲密的朋友。【方法指南】形容词作状语表示原因、伴随、结果等，表示主语的状态和特征，不能表示动作的方式。考点5词形转换【典例】1.【2021·全国甲】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir50．(day)routines.2.【2021·全国新高考I卷】Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill58．(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!3.【2021·全国新高考I卷】Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus60．(astonish).4.【2021·浙江1月】Everyonewasso________(friend)andlike-mindedthatitwasveryeasytofeelathome.5.【2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（八省联考）】Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureout_______（difference）waystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.6.【2021·浙江1月高考】But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed________(sharp).【方法指南】形容词和副词的相互转化是高考语法填空中考查最频繁的考点，考生要认真总结新课标中有词形转换的词，将它们背熟。【变式】1.【2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（八省联考）】Whilemanyofyourtrustedrelativesandpeers(同龄人)mayhavevery_______(value)advicethatcanhelpyoutomakethedecision,finallythechoiceisyoursandyoursalone.2.【2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（八省联考）】Onlyyoucanfullyrealizewhichaspectsofacollegewillmakeyoutrulyhappyand______(satisfy),sokeepthatatthefrontofyourmind.【关键能力】◆形容词和副词与语法填空在语法填空中，形容词和副词相关的词类变换以及形容词和副词的比较等级考查较为频繁。[典题试做]用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Thetitlewillbe________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.2．Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks________(regular)．3．Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich__________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.4．Chinesescientists________(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.5．Shewasavery________(care)mother.6．Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，he's________(rely)．7．IhavealwaysenjoyedalltheeventsyouorganizedandIhopetoattend________(many)inthecomingyears.[应对策略]1．作表语(系动词之后)、定语(修饰名词)或宾语补足语(表性质状态)时，通常用形容词形式。注意常考动词分词的形容词化，其形容词的形式有：－ing结尾的和－ed结尾的两种。2．若括号中所给的是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较等级或最高级；注意than或比较级的修饰词等标志性词或上下文中暗含的比较；其次还要注意一些特殊句式，如：the＋比较级，the＋比较级，“否定词(can't/couldn't)＋比较级”表示最高级等。◆书面表达中形容词和副词易错点聚焦1．搭配错误，如：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(误Judgingfromhissadlyface...,正Judgingfromhissadface...))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(误Li