牛津译林版八年级上册第八单元知识点

8AUnit8知识点Who

will

mop

up

the

water

if

I

go

home

without

you?

mopn.拖把Iusedamoptosopupthespilledwater.我用拖把把泼出的水擦干。mopv.用拖把擦干净mop

up“把....拖干净”。它的宾语如果是代词，则代词必须放在up前。The

floor

is

wet,

Mop

it

up,

Bill.

地板湿了。比尔，把它拖干净。3）up

adv

完全地

mop

up

/

eat

up

/clean

up

/use

up

翻译：他正在擦地板。Earthquakekillsthousandsofpeople.thousandsof成千上万的，数以千计的。表示概数。类似的结构还有hundredsof,millionsof。表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要要用复数，而且要后接介词of，然后才能接名词。Thesunwasshining.Thousandsofpeoplewerelyingonthebeach.阳光灿烂，数以千计的人躺在海滩上。Hiscoatisworthhundredsofdollars.他的大衣值好几百美元。当hundred,thousand,million与具体数字连用时，习惯上用单数，而且也不后接介词of。Hewaspreparedtopaytwomillion.他愿意支付200万。注意：但是，当这些词后面的名词有了the,these,those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us,them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词of。Aboutthreehundredofthemhaveleftthere.他们当中约有300人离开了那儿。例题：ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof3.At

first，I

felt

a

slight

shake.

1）shaken.“摇动，震动”；Herefusedmyrequestwithashakeofhishead.他头一摇拒绝了我的要求。2）v.“摇动，震动；发抖”Can

I

shake

hands

with

you?

我可以与你握个手吗？翻译：我们第一次遇见某人时，通常握手。4.Outside,

people

were

running

in

all

directions

while

pieces

of

glass

and

bricks

were

falling

down.1）in

all

directions意为“四面八方”。You

father

walked

in

the

direction

of

the

post

office．你父亲朝邮局的方向走去了。2）directionn.方向；指导；用法说明；趋势；目标；管理Followthedirectionsthatyourdoctorgivesyou.根据医生给你的说明。3）directv.adj.直接的；笔直的；坦白的v.对准；指挥；指示；命令Keepproductawayfromdirectsunlightandstoreinadrycoolplace.置放在不受阳光直射,干燥通风的地方。词汇：Thethiefranintothissupermarket,sothepolicewentinthesamed_______tocatchhim.5.I

felt

nervous

and

my

heart

was

beating

fast.

1）beatv.打，击，敲；冲击He

beat

his

brother

for

lying.

他因为他的兄弟说谎而揍他。

2）beatv.打败，胜过Ifwedon'tprepareforthespeechcontest,theywillbeatus.如果这场演讲比赛我们不做好准备的话,他们就会打败我们。beat,win区别：win和beat都可用作及物动词．作“赢，战胜”讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同。win的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词，即race，match，game，competition，war，prize之类的词-beat的宾语则通常是比赛、竞争的对手，即人或球队的名词或代词。They

won

the

match

this

time.这次比赛他们赢了。

We

played

very

well,

and

we

beaten

them.

我们发挥得很好，打败了他们。例题：ItwillbeimpossibleZhangYining.A.winB.towinC.beatD.tobeat6.A

moment

of

fear

went

through

my

mind,

but

I

told

myself

to

calm

down

since

l

was

still

alive.1）mindn.意为“头脑；想法”；作动词，意为“介意，反对”，后接动名词作宾语。

We

changed

our

minds

at

last.

最后我们改变了主意。

Do

you

mind

my

sitting

here?

你介意我坐在这吗？

calm

down意为“镇定，平静下来”，宾语如果是代词，则必须放在中间。We

must

calm

him

down

now.

我们现在必须让他平静下来。

3）alive是live的形容词形式。但它只能作表语或宾语补足语，不可以作定语，与dead相对。

比较级

more

alive

最高级

most

alive

stay

alive仍活着;

活着He

found

himself

still

alive

after

the

accident.

It's

lucky.他发现他自己在事故后还活着。真是幸运。注意：alive,live,living，lively区别A．alive意为“活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。虽有死的可能，但还活着。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.他想让鱼活着。B．living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。Myfirstteacherisstillliving.我的启蒙老师仍健在。Englishisalivinglanguage.英语是活的语言。注意:living前加上the,表示类别，指“活着的人们”。living还可用于短语，例如:makealiving谋生。makea/one'slivingby+ing通过干……谋生C．live“活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。alivewire有电的电线alivefish一条活鱼。D．lively则意为“活泼的”，“活跃”，“充满生气的”，可作定语、表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。Jennyisalivelygirl.詹妮是个活泼的女孩。Everythingislivelyhere.这儿一切都生机勃勃。例题：用alive,living,live或lively的适当形式填空①---Areyourparentsstill______?---Yes,ofcourse.②Iwasshockedbya_______mouse.③Thesunaffectsall_______things.7.ThenI

heard

shouts

from

excited

people

.

1）shout

n.

呼喊；呼叫

Againandagaintheaudiencebrokeoutintoshoutsofapplause.听众中爆发出一阵阵高声的赞许声。2）v.

shout

at对....大喊

shout

loudly大声的喊3）excited修饰人，exciting修饰物

8.Timmywasasleepwhentheearthquakestarted.1）asleep,sleepy,sleep区别A．sleepn.&vi.睡觉,睡眠haveagoodsleep.好好睡一觉LastnightIsleepverywell.我昨天晚上睡得很好。B．sleeping是sleep的现在分词或动名词。作前置定语。thesleepingcar卧车车厢asleepingbag睡袋sleepingpills安眠药C．asleepadj.睡着的,作表语、宾语补足语,指状态。Hewastootiredandfellasleepatonce.他太累了，立刻就睡着了。D．sleepyadj.作表语,意为“瞌睡的、困倦的”;作前置定语,意为“寂静的”。Sheisalwayssleepy.她总是想睡觉。Hegoestobedverylateeveryday,soheoftenfeelssleepy.他每天睡得很迟，因此经常感到困乏。E．oversleep睡过头fallasleep入睡soundasleep.酣睡fastasleep睡得很熟2）when引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则。WhenhecomesI'lltellhimaboutit.他来的时候我将告诉他。例题1：Thegirlfeltso____thatshefell_______atthetable.A.sleepy;asleepB.sleepy;sleepyC.asleep;sleepyD.asleep;asleep例题2：---Linda,Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredthephone.---I’msorry.I________footballwithmyfriendsthen.A.playB.playedC.amplayingD.wasplaying9.People

were

trying

to

clear

the

snow

from

the

streets.1）clearadj.“清晰的，透明的”，clearly是它的副词形式；Likethesky,Ifeelmyheartisbecomingclear.像这片天空一样,我感到我的心灵也澄清了。2）v.“清除，打扫”。We

should

clear

up

the

park.

It's

too

dirty.

我们应把公园清扫干净。太脏了。clearup(v.+adv.)A．把…收拾整齐,打扫干净Shallweclearupbeforewegoout?我们是不是在出去前把东西收拾好?Pleaseclearupthelitterbeforeyouleavetheoffice.请你离开办公室前把这堆废纸杂物清理掉。B．治疗,治愈cure;becomecuredclearupThisskindiseasewillclearupinadayortwo.这种皮肤病一两天之内就会好的。C．处理,完成finishclearsthI'dliketoclearuptherestoftheworkwhichwaswaitingformeaftermyholiday.我喜欢把假期后要做的活一块干完。D．(天空)放晴brightenclearupAlthoughitisstillraining,i