专题17九下Units1-2（知识梳理常考易错点归纳强化提升练）-2024年中考英语一轮复习

专题17九下Units12（知识梳理+常考易错点归纳+强化提升练）（解析版）掌握12单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。一、词汇1.重点单词的含义及用法：raising升起；watchtheraisingofthenatinalflag观看升国旗仪式；lie(laylainlying)位于，躺；attraction旅游胜地；hangvt.垂下，悬挂；takeup占据（空间或者时间）;population人口；cuttheflightshort缩短航班；receivetheordertodosth收到命令做某事；apairofchopstick一双筷子；wonder奇迹；inventor发明家;explorer探险家；pilot’slicence飞行员执照；managetodosth.设法做某事；forthefirsttime第一次；inspace在太空中；forfurtherresearch为了进一步的研究；beintroducedinto”被引入，传入”2.易混词辨析：tiring和tired的区分；inthemiddleof和inthecenterof的区分；hearof听说；hearfromsb收到某人的来信；jointhenavy加入海军；serveasapilot做飞行员；onone’swaybackto...”在某人返回...的途中”；outofcontrol“失去控制”；togetherwith”和...一起”；theprideof”...的骄傲”；beproudof”以..为自豪”；beallowedtodosth“被允许做某事”；dieofhunger死于饥饿二、句型1.Itiswellworthavisit.2.Thelakeisverybigittakesupthreequartersofthearea.3.It’stiringtoclimbthesteps.4.Hebecameinterestedinflyingwhenhetookhisfirstflightattheageofsix.5.Itrunsforover6,000kilometersacrossnorthernChina,withwatchtowerseveryfewhundredmeters.6.However,ontheirwaybacktotheEarth,thespacecraftbeganspinningoutofcontrol.7.On20July1969,Armstrongbecamethefirstmantowalkonthemoon.8.Hewastheprideofthewholeworld.三、重点语法Unit1Unit2代词it的用法初中六种时态综合讲解it作人称代词的用法it作非人称代词的用法it作形式主语和形式宾语一般现在时和一般将来时现在进行时和过去进行时一般过去时和现在完成时Unit1重点词汇和句型(1)Ittiringtoclimbthestepsandmyfeethurt.step用作名词，表示“台阶、阶梯、步骤”。Thefirststepisverybasic.Weshouldtakestepstopreventthewar.【拓展】step的相关短语stepbystep逐步地 takesteps采取措施 Wehadbetterkeepmoving.hadbetterdosth.表示“最好做某事”，表示劝告、建议或者愿望，否定形式是在hadbetter后面加上not。例如：You’dbetterhavearest.You’dbetternotmissthelastbus.例题：You’dbetter___A___askoldgrandmaforhelpbecausehermemoryisgettingpoorernow.A.not B.don’t C.notto D.tonot（3）TheemperorsoftheMingandQingdynastiesusedtolivethere.usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事”，暗含“现在不再”之意，后接动词原形，疑问形式可以直接将used提到句首，或者借助助动词did；否定式可以直接在used后面加not，或者用didn’t。【辨析】be/getusedtodoingsth.,usedtodosth.与beusedtodosth.be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事HisfatherisusedtowatchingTVbeforesupper.usedtodosth.过去经常做某事Theboyusedtoplayputergames.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Moreandmorewoodisusedtomakepaper.例题：Mymotherissogenerousthatsheisusedto____providing__（提供）herhelptopeopleinneed.（4）Manytouristsliketogatherthereearlyinthemorningtowatchtheraisingofthenationalflag.辨析：rise与raiserise不及物动词意为“升起，上升”Thewaterintheriverroseaftertheheavyrain.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.raise及物动词意为“提高，筹集，抬高，举起”Theworkerwantthebosstoraisetheirwages.Theteacherasksustoraiseourhandsifwehavequestions.Weshouldtryourbesttoraisemoremoneyforthepoorfamily.例题：whenhisbookwaspublished,itraisedtheinterestofmanyreaders.（5）Itisoneofthewondersoftheworld.wonder作名词，意为“奇迹”，常用的句型有：It’snowonderthat...意为“难怪……”。It’snowonderthattheywon’te.【拓展】wonder用作及物动词，意为“想知道，对……好奇”，常见的用法有：=1\*GB3①后接who,what,why,where,when,how,which引导的宾语从句。Shewonderedwhatthechildwasdoing.=2\*GB3②后接if和whether引导的宾语从句。Shewonderedwhetheryouwerefreethatmorning.例题：WeallknowtheGreatWallisoneofthe__wonders__(somethingthatfillsyouwithsurprise)oftheworld.（6）ItliesonthetwosidesoftheLijiangRiver.动词lie表示“躺、位于、撒谎”lie（躺、位于）—lay（过去式）—lain（过去分词）lying（现在分词）lie（撒谎）—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）lying（现在分词）lay（放置、下蛋）—laid（过去式）—laid（过去分词）laying（现在分词）（7）Thelakeisverybigittakesupthreequartersofthearea.=1\*GB3①takeup意为“占据空间、占用时间”。Hehastakenupapositioninthecentreoftheroom.IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandIwouldn’twanttotakeuptoomuchofyourtime.例题：Jackisadishonestboy.Healways___D___someexcusesfordoingsomethingwrong.A.picksup B.givesupC.takesup D.makesup=2\*GB3②quarter作名词，意为“四分之一”。Threequartersofthestudentsareboys.（8）Therearemanytonelionsoneithersideofit.either表示“两者中的任何一个”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，起其后可接of短语。YoucaneonSaturdayorSunday.EitherisOKforme.Wecan'tcaremuchforwhattoeat.Eitherofthetwowilldo.例题：IthinkthefilmCocoisthebestin2017.__C______myparents______Iamwillingtowatchitagain.both;andB.neither;norC.either;orD.neither;of（9）Theyprovideahighlevelofservice.service作名词，意为“服务”，动词形式为serve。Weallplainaboutthepoorservicesofthehotel.Childrenmustbeeducatedtoservetheircountrywhentheygrowup.例题：Thenewflyovers(立交桥)closetoourschoolwillbeinservice(服务)nextyear.（10）overonebillion,thesecondlargestpopulationintheworld.population表示“人口”，是集合名词，对人口数量提问时，用what而不用howmany/much。population若作主语，强调整体概念时，谓语用单数形式，强调个体时，谓语用复数形式。What’sthepopulationinChinanow?Thepopulationofthissmalltownisthreethousand.Morethanonefifthofthepopulationofthecountryareover60yearsold.例题：Itissaidthatover50percentofChina’spopulation____D_____workinginthecitiesin2013,sotherearefewerandfewerpeopleonthefarmnow.A.are B.is C.wasD.were（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）61.Withthe________(develop)ofthesociety,moreandmorepeopledevotetheirenergytocharity.【答案】development【解析】句意：随着社会的发展，越来越多的人将精力投入到慈善事业中。空格位于“the”和“of”之间，用名词形式development“发展”，固定短语withthedevelopmentof“随着……的发展”。故填development。（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）46.Followthesesmall________,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth!【答案】steps【解析】句意：按照这些小步骤，您可以为地球带来巨大的改变！“these”后跟名词复数，备选词steps“步骤”符合语境。故填steps。一、单项填空()1.Themooncakesaredelicious.I’dliketoeat_______thirdonebecause_______secondoneistoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a()2.—Yourwatchisquitenice.Wheredidyoubuy_______?—InSwiss.Doyouwanttohave_______likethis?A.it;oneB.it;itC.one;itD.one;one()3.—Whyareyouso_______,Lisa?—Oh,it’svery_______toclimbthehillstepbystep.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring()4.It_______thathergrandmadied_______cancer.A.issaid;ofB.issaid;fromC.said;toD.says;for()5.NeilArmstrong,thefirstman_______onthemoon,passedawayonAugust25,2012.A.walkingB.walkedC.towalkD.towalking()6.Inthemiddleofthestudents_______ourmathsteacher.A.isB.areC.beD.tobe()7.Weallthink_______impolitetofool_______littlechildren.A.that;soB.that;suchC.it;soD.it;such()8.Jayisfamous_______asinger_______hissongs.A.as;asB.for;forC.for;asD.as;for()9.Readinginbedisbadforeyes,_______?A.isitB.isn’titC.isreadingD.isn’treading()10._______ofthelandinthatplace_______coveredwithsandandrocks.A.Twofifths;isB.Threeeighth;isC.Threequarters;areD.Twothird;are()11.ThepopulationofChina_______over1.3billionandChinahasabiggerpopulationthan_______intheworld.A.is;anycountryB.is;anyothercountryC.are;theothercountriesD.are;anyothercountries()12.—Whowascallingyou_______thephonejustnow?—_______wasmycousin.A.in;ThisB.on;ThisC.in;ItD.on;It()13.—HowcanIgetonwellwithothers,Mom?—Trytosmiletoothers,boy.Thatwillmake_______much_______.A.them;easierB.them;moreeasyC.it;easyD.it;easier()14.Lookingaround,hefound_______wasnochairintheroomforhimto_______.A.there;sitonitB.it;sitonitC.there;sitonD.it;siton()15.—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.—Sure._______?A.WhathelpB.WhatisthisC.What’sitD.Whatdoyouwant【答案】15CABAC610ADDBA1115BDDCC二、单词的适当形式变化1.Theyoungmanclimbedthewooden_______________(台阶)andrangthebell.2.Moreandmoreforeignersareusedtousing_______________(筷子)now.3.Look!Therearemanykindsofkitesinthesky.Theyareindifferentcoloursand_______________(形状).4.Wouldyouliketoknowmoreabout_______________(日本的)history? 5.Youcantake_______________(两者之一)ofthetwotoycarsandleavetheotherforyourbrother.6.TheGreatWallisoneofgreat_______________(奇迹)oftheworld.7.Haveyoubeentoanyinteresting_______________(庙会)thatweredifferentfromthetraditionalones?8.Hewasusedto_______________(悬挂)hisclothesinthesamewardrobe.8.It’s_______________(amazed)thattheboywasabletosolvethemathsproblemsoquickly.10.Wearequitepleasedwiththegood_______________(serve)inthenewrestaurant.11._______________(cross)thelakeisa17holebridge.12.Therewillbeaheavyraininthe_______________(east)partofChinatomorrow.13.Theparkis_______________(main)madeupofseveralhillsandalake.【答案】steps2.chopsticks3.shapes4.Japanese5.either6.wonders7.fairs8.hanging9.amazing10.service11.Across12.eastern13.mainlyUnit2重点词汇和句型Whodoyouthinkisthegreatestpersoninhistory,Eddie?doyouthink在句中作插入语，意为“你认为”，它后面的部分常用陈述语序。插入语一般是对一句话作适当的附加解释，若将其去掉，对整个句子并无多大影响。若把插入语提到句子的前面，它就会成为主要部分，而原来的主要部分则成为一个从句。例如：你认为她什么时候会回来？Whendoyouthinkshewillbeback?(doyouthink为插入语)Doyouthinkwhenshewillbeback?(doyouthink为主句)例题：Couldyoutellme___A____?A.whatdoyouthinkyourfatherwillgivetoyouinyouringbirthdayB.ifhehasleftforBeijingfor2monthsC.whichflooryoulivewithyourparentsD.WhentheChinesepapercuttingmadeHe’saninventor.Heinventedmyfavouritefood.invent作动词，意为“发明、创造”，其名词形式为inventor“发明者”和invention“发明物”。Canyoutellmewhoinventedthetelephone?Healwaystriedtoinventsomethingnew.例题：Canyoutellmewho____invented____(designedandcreated)thetelephone?Armstrongjoinedthenavyin1949andservedasapilotforthreeyears.=1\*GB3①join+组织/团体，表示“加入到某个组织中并成为其中一员”。Hejoinedthearmyin1990.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplejointheswimmingclubtobuildtheirbodies.=2\*GB3②join+sb.(insth.)表示“加入到某些人当中去”。Wouldyouliketojoinusintheputergame?=3\*GB3③joinin表示参加某种活动，相当于takepartin。Collegestudentsjoininmanyactivitiesafterclass.(4)Armstrongreceivedtheordertocuttheflightshort.order意为“命令”，可以用作名词或者动词。IfyoumakeanymorenoiseI’llorderyououtoftheroom.【拓展】order名词或者动词，意为“订单，订货”。Thisisanorderforfivehundredbags.order名词，意为“次序，顺序”。Pleaseputthemintherightorder.cut短语：cutdown：意为“砍伐，砍倒，缩短”cutoff:切除，割掉，剪下cutout:裁剪cutup:切碎例题：ThedoctortoldmethatIhadto__C____alcoholotherwiseIwouldgetintotroublecutinB.cutoffC.cutoutD.cutupTogetherwithBuzzAldrin,helandedthespacecraftApolloontheMoon.land可以用作及物动词，表示“使着陆、使登录”；用作不及物动词，表示“着陆、落下、跌下”。TheaeroplanelandedusattheairportinBarcelona.Theplanewilllandanhourlater.Abookfellfromtheshelfandlandedonmyhead.(6)Hewastheprideofthewholeworld.pride表示“骄傲”，takepridein“对……感到骄傲”，相当于beproudof。Themanisproudofhispastachievements.=Themantakesprideinhispastachievements.例题：Ithinkitishis_____proudest___(pride)momentthathehaseverhadbecausehehaswonfirstprize．Inthepast,peoplewashedtheirclothesbyhand.byhand表示“用手、手工的”。Thiscoatismadebyhand.DoyouknowtheGreatWallwasmadebyhand?【拓展】hand的相关短语givesb.ahand帮助某人 handinhand手拉手 shakehands(with)（与……）握手handin上交handout分发(8)marriedaFrenchscientistcalledPierreCuriein1895marry表示“结婚”时为及物动词，marrysb.表示“同某人结婚”，be/getmarriedtosb.“与某人结婚”，bemarried表示状态，可以延续；getmarried表示动作，不可以延续。Theladymarried/gotmarriedtothatmanin2011.Thecouplehavebeenmarriedforthreeyears.例题：—He’snotmarriedLaura,___A______?—__________.TheywillcelebratetheironeyearofmarriagethisSunday.A.hashe;Yes B.ishe;YesC.hashe;No D.ishe;No(9)ShealsopushedfortheuseofXraymachines,whicharenowwidelyusedinhospitals.widely表示抽象意义上的“宽”，意为“广泛地，普遍地”。Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.wide此处用作副词，意为“充分地”，表示实际意义上的“宽”。Thatmandiedwithhiseyesopenwide.wide还可用作形容词，意为“宽广的，宽阔的；……宽的”。Ourclassroomis10metreslongand8metreswide.happentofindanaturalhybridriceplantthathadmanyadvantagesoverothers.happen表示“发生”的时候，作不及物动词常用的结构为：sth.happenstosb.“某人发生了某事”；happentodosth.“碰巧做某事”。Anaccidenthappenedtohimyesterdayandnowhelayinhospital.Ifyouhappentotalktohim,havehimcallyou.(11)hasspentallhislifeontheresearchanddevelopmentofbetterriceplants.development作名词，意为“发展”，常见的短语是withthedevelopmentof意为“在……发展下，随着……的发展”。形容词为developing“发展中的”和developed“发达的”。Whatdoyouthinktoday’sdevelopmentswillmeanforhim?Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Americaisadevelopedcountry.例题：Thisyear’snewpolicyofthehighschoolrecruitment(招生)canleadtoabetterbalanceddevelopment(develop)ofeducation.（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）60.Morethan70percentoftheEarth’s________(theoutsideortoppartofsomething)iscoveredwithwater.【答案】surface【解析】句意：地球表面70%以上被水覆盖。“theoutsideortoppartofsomething”表示“表面”，用名词surface，根据“is”可知用单数。故填surface。（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）2.—Goodnews!TheChinesewomentabletennisteamwonagoldandasilveragain.—Great!Nomatterwhowinsthemedals,itisthe________ofourcountry.A.price B.pioneer C.pride D.pain【答案】C【解析】句意：——好消息！中国女子乒乓球队再次获得一金一银。——太棒了！无论谁赢得奖牌，都是我们国家的骄傲。考查名词辨析。price价格；pioneer先驱；pride骄傲；pain痛苦。根据“Nomatterwhowinsthemedals,itisthe...ofourcountry.”可知，无论谁获奖都是祖国的骄傲，故选C。（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）41.Thesingerwasalmost________(不知名的)inthiscountryuntilrecently.【答案】unknown【解析】句意：直到最近，这位歌手在这个国家几乎不为人知。unknown“不知名的”，在句中作表语，故填unknown。（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）34.TheTiangongspacestationisthe_________（骄傲）ofallChinese.【答案】pride【解析】句意：天宫空间站是所有中国人的骄傲。pride“骄傲”，在句中作表语，故填pride。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）53.—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?—A__________（飞行员）.【答案】pilot【解析】句意：——你长大了要做什么？——当飞行员。pilot“飞行员”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填pilot。（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）38.Foryourown_____________(safe),youshouldn’tclimbmountainsalone.【答案】safety（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）62.Audiobooks(有声读物)aresowelethatthenumberofthelistenersisincreasing________(rapid).【答案】rapidly【解析】句意：有声读物是如此受欢迎，听众的数量正在增加。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填rapidly。一、词汇填空1.Thetelephoneisawonderful____________(发明物)andithaschangedthewaywelive.2.Hefellinlovewitha____________(俄罗斯人)whenhetravelledinMoscow.3.Thewomantakesgreat____________(骄傲)inherchildren’ssuccess.4.SometimesourChineseteacherreadsherfavourite____________(章节)tous.5.Mydreamistobeea___________(飞行员)whenIgrowup.6.The______________(discover)ofAmericaformsthebeginningofanewperiod.7.Becauseofthenaturaldisaster,threehundredpeopleinthistowndiedof____________(hungry).8.JennyhasgonetoAustriafor____________(far)studiesinmusic.9.Readingalotofbooks______________(increase)yourvocabulary.10.Hybirdriceis______________(wide)plantedallovertheworld.11.Iknowtheyhavesuccessfullylandedonthe (表面）ofthemoon.12.Whathehasdonebringsusmany（优势)13.It’s(未知的）tousallwhetherthestoryofhisistrueornot14.Myfather(服役)asasoldiermanyyearsago.15.Columbuswasagreat(探险者）andhediscoveredAmerica16.Usuallythe(Africa)athletesarebetteratrunningthanthoseinAsia.17.Doyouknowthenamesofthefamousfemale (invent)?18IChinkwearethe (proud)ofourteachers.19.Weareveryamazedatthe(develop)ofsuchasmallcountry. 20..Thiskindofchairisfortableand (wide)usedbymanyyoungpeople.【答案】18invention、Russian、pride、chapters、pilot、discovery、hungry、further、917increases、widely、surface、advantages、unknown、severed、explorer、African、inventors、1920pride、development、widely二、单项选择()1.—Shestudiedmathsandphysicsin________university.—Yes.Shewassuch________unusualwomanscientist.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a()2.—Whatdoyouthink________Armstrongsofamous?—Hisexcellentservice.A.madeB.tomakeC.makingD.make()3.Shegotuptogetsomesleepingpillsbutfoundtherewas________leftathome.A.nothingB.noneC.somethingD.nobody()4.Wasitin1969________theAmericanspacemensucceeded________landingonthemoon?A.when;inB.when;/C.that;inD.that;with()5.China,________oneofthegreatfourcountrieswithancientcivilizations,isbest－known________itsgreatdevelopmentinallthefieldsovertheyears.A.as;asB.as;forC.for;asD.for;for()6.—Whatwouldsomestudentsliketodoafterfinishingtheireducation?—Theywouldliketostarttowork________theyneedn'tdependontheirparentspletely.A.assoonasB.sothatC.beforeD.while()7.________wonderfulnewsprogramwearewatching!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa()8.Thebornartistdevotedallthetimehehad________forsomethingbetterordifferent.A.searchB.searchedC.tosearchD.tosearching()9.MarieCurie________theuseofXraymachines,whicharenowwidelyusedinhospitals.A.putawayB.putoutC.pushedinD.pushedfor()10.It'sbrave________youtogotoaplacethat________unknowntohumans.A.of;/B.of;wasC.for;/D.for;were()11.—Hehardlycaughtthetrainyesterdayafternoon,________he?—________，becausehegotuplateandtherewastoomuchtrafficontheroad.A.did;Yes,hedidB.didn't;Yes,hedidC.did;No,hedidn'tD.didn't;No,hedidn't()12.Eachtimeamedal________awinner,themusicwasplayed.A.ispresentedtoB.presentedtoC.waspresentedtoD.waspresentedwith()13.Youneverknowhowmuchdifficultywehad________theproblem.Luckily,wemanagedtosolveitwithMrsWu'shelp.A.workingoutB.workoutC.workedoutD.toworkout()14.—ThankyouforhelpingmelookaftermycatwhileIwasaway.—________！A.WithpleasureB.It'smypleasureC.Itdoesn'tmatterD.Noproblem()15.—Doyouknow________thisafternoon?—I'mnotsure,butI'lltellyouassoonasshe________.A.whattimewillBettyarrive;arrivesB.whattimeBettywillarrive;willarriveC.whattimeBettywillarrive;arrivesD.whattimewillBettyarrive;willarrive【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.C5.B6.B7.C8.D9.D10.B11.C12.C13.A14.B15.C9BU1U2核心语法讲解一、代词it的用法1）、人称代词it指人it指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：Isitaboyoragirl?是男孩还是女孩?Thereisaknockonthedoor.Itmustbethepostman.有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’sme。2）、非人称代词it1.基本用法it作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：Itrainedalldayyesterday.昨天下了一天的雨。2.用于某些句型1）It’stimeforsth.该做某事了。2）It’stimeforsbtodosth.某人该干某事了。3）It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事4）It’sfirst(second)time+that从句.某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)5）It’s+时间段+since从句.自从……有一段时间了=Ithasbeen+一段时间+that从句6）It’s+时间段+before从句.过多长的时间才……7）It’sbelieved/reported/said/considered/that从句3.Itis+被强调部分+that...强调句ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet．

ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday．注意：被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday．

二、初中六种时态的讲解时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和状态。时态谓语动词形式例句一般现在时be动词、行为动词原形或第三人称单数形式1.Ilikesports.2.Helikessports.3.Sheisagoodteacher.一般过去时be动词、行为动词过去式Wehadagreattimeyesterday.一般将来时will/shall/begoingto+动词原形1.Theywillgotothecinemanextweek.2.Heisgoingtohaveapicnicwithhisfamilytomorrow.现在进行时am/is/are+动词的现在分词形式1.MyparentsarewatchingTVnow.2.Iamlookingformypurse.现在完成时have/has+动词的过去分词LilyhaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears.过去进行时was/were+动词的现在分词形式Weweretalkingloudlywhentheteachercamein.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别及常考点：1）、现在完成时的用法：(1)过去的动作对现在的影响。例：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(2)过去的动作持续到现在。例：IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.2）、现在完成时基本结构：have/has+done标志词:already,just,yet,ever,never,recently,inthepast3years,before,sofar/bynow,overtheyears,since+时间点/过去时态的句子,for+时间段等。3）、现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点：共同点：动作都在过去。不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。)例：①Ihaveinterviewedthefamouswriter.(我已经完成采访任务，我对他已经有所了解了。)②Iinterviewedthefamouswriteryesterday.(昨天我做的一件事，不涉及现在。)总结：观察第二句中有明显的一般过去时标志语“yesterday”,因此做题时最简单的判断就是找有无明显的一般过去时时间状语，如果有则选择一般过去时，没有的话要根据语境和上下文动词的时态判断过去发生的动作对现在有无影响，有影响选用现在完成时，没有影响选择一般过去时。4）、since和for的用法区别和联系用于描述一个发生在过去，并一直延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将来的动作。常和for和since连用。(1)since的用法A.since后可加时间点。例：WehavelearnedEnglishsincenearlythreeyearsago.B.since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时。例：IthasbeennineyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.(2)for的用法：for后加一段时间。例：Theyhaveworkedinthefactoryfortenmonths.(3)since和for用法的相互转换：for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago例：Theyhaveworkedinthefactorysincetenmonthsago./WehavelearnedEnglishfornearlythreeyears.【拓展】此外还有“Itis+段时间+since”的句型。例：IthasbeennineyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.=ItisnineyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.(4)对since和for的提问用howlong。例：HowlonghaveyoubeeninNanjing?Forthreeyears./Sincethreeyearsago.5）、have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin的区别have/hasbeento：曾经去过，强调以往的经历。例：TheoldmanhasbeentoEgyptwhenhewasyoung.have/hasgoneto：去了某地，强调还没有回来。例：Whereisyouruncle?Hehasgonetothesupermarket.have/hasbeenin：待在某地，住在某地。例：Mr.Smithhasbeeninthelabforovertenhours.6）、延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法(1)现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。例：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。误：Ihavealreadyborrowedthebookforovertwoweeks.正：Ihavealreadykeptthebookforovertwoweeks.(2)非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。如：e—behere；go—bethere;diebedead;borrowkeep;buyhave;joinbein(beamember);leavebeaway等。批注：非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，只是不能与一段时间连用。非延续性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin/startbeonebeheregobetherefinish/endbeoverdiebedeadjoinbein/beamemberofleavebeawayfromarrive/reachbeheregetmarriedbemarried一、根据句子意思及英语，汉语或首字母提示完成单词1ThomasEdisonwasoneofthegreatesti_______intheworld.2Ithinktheputeristhegreatesti______inhistory.3InChina,MarcoPolomaybethemostfamousI_______.4Mr.Wangsaidthathe______（发明）anewmachine.5Shewon’tgiveupeasily.She’sareal______（斗士）6Thetwoforeignstudentsare________（欧洲人）7The________(explore)toldtheboysabouthisadventuresintheArctic.8ThetallmanoverthereisaSouth_______(Africa).9Theprofessorisgivingatalkon_______(Russia)literature.10Theplane______(着陆)safelythoughitwasrainingheavily.11Wemust_____(服务)thepeopleheartandsoul.12Look!Themachineis______(快速旋转)allthetime.13Thesoldiersreceived_______(命令)tostartatonce.14Her______(脚步)arelightinordernottowakeherbabyup.15Don’tworry,wehaveeverythingunder_______(控制)16Theteacherwasveryhappybecauseallofhisstudentspassedthet_______.17.Davidwantstobea（飞行员）whenhegrowsup.18.HeisfromFrance.Heisa（欧洲人）.19.Intheolddays,manypeoplediedbecauseof（饥饿）.20.NeilArmstrongisthe_______（proud）ofthewholeworld.21.Iadmirethembecausetheyarenational_______（hero）.22.TheXraymachinesarenow_______（wide）usedinhospitals.【答案】1.inventors2.inventions3.Italian4.invented5.fighter6.Europeans7.explorer8.African9.Russian10.landedserve12.spinning13.order14.steps15.controltest17.pilot18.European19,hunger20,pride21,heroes22,widely二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.NowChineseis（wide）spokenthroughouttheworld.2.Doyouknowwhowasthemachine（control）by?3.Twothousandkilosofricesolvedtheproblemof________(hungry)forthesefarmers.4.It’sourdutytomakeacontributionto____________(make)agreenerworld．5.Withthe______________(develop)ofmoderneducation,ourcountryisbeinglarger.6.Iadmirethembecausetheyarenational____________（hero）.7.MarieCuriewasfamousforthe____________(discover)ofradium.8.Themanhasturnedouttobeoneofthegreatest（invent）.9.ThroughtheTVthescientistfoundthespacecraft_______(spin)outofcontrolatthattime.10.Humanshavedifficulty(explore)dangerousplaceslikeouterspace.【答案】widelycontrolledhungermakingdevelopmentheroesdiscoveryinventorspinningexploring三、单项选择1.Onmywaythemountainvillage,Ifoundthelocalhousesdifferentfromours.A.to B.by C.at D.in2.Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.willbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.Everything3.—Ifeelstressedfromtimetotime.Couldyouoffermesomesuggestions?—________sharingyourworrieswithyourparents?A.Whydon’tyou B.Howabout C.Whynot D.Couldyouplease4.—WouldyouliketowatchthefilmLostandLovetonight?—Sure.IstillwanttoseeitagainalthoughI________italready. A.watch B.willwatch C.waswatching D.havewatched5.—Lookattheslimladyinred.IsthatyourEnglishteacher?—No,it___________beher.ShehasgonetoEngland.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.maynot6.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVshow“I’maSinger”lastFriday?—Wonderful!Idon’tthinkIcanseea________one. A.bad B.worse C.good D.better7.It’smucheasierforustobeefriends________wesharesimilarinterests.A.unless B.when C.eventhough D.sothat8.—MayDayisingup.Haveyoudecided________?—I’mplanningtogoonatriptoHangzhou.A.whenyou’regoingtospendit B.howoftenareyougoingtospenditC.whereyou’regoingtospendit D.howareyougoingtospendit9.Thesenewtypesofenergyfromthesun,windandwaterc