Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件 高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.

Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.ThedogwaseatingacakewhenIreachedhome.英语三大从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句作主语作宾语作表语作同位语时间、地点、条件、原因、比较、目的、结果、让步、方式状语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句04040302201定语从句大分类关系词CONTENTS定语05特殊情况和解题步骤CHAPTERONE定语修饰名词或代词的词，短语或句子叫定语。定语可前置，也可后置。(短前长后)abeautifulgirlanappletreeareadingroomabookonthedeskaninterestingbookaboyrunninginthestreet

abrokenheartaboycalledTom

thefirststudenttoentertheclassroom

Iknowaboywhoiscool.Luffyisacoolboy.Luffyisaboywithahat.Luffyisaboywhoiscool.1.作用：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的2.分类：形容词、名词，代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子3.表示：汉语中常用‘……的’表示4.位置：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语定语CHAPTERTWO定语从句1.定义：一个句子跟在一个名词或代词（先行词）后进行修饰限定（对词句进行补充、修饰、限定，进而使原句内容更完整）2.语法成分：整个句子中做定语的成分3.位置：只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后定语从句（也称形容词性从句）1.这两名同学是朋友。2.这两名同学正站着。1.Thetwostudentsarefriends.2.Thetwostudentsarestanding.

3.Thetwostudentswhoarestandingarefriends.定语从句主语谓语Thetwostudents

whoarestandingarefriends.先行词关系词定语从句:修饰名词或代词的句子。1.TheboyrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.2.TheboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisPeter.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的词3.Whattheboywantstodoistorunontheplayground.

×√×先行词+关系词+从句在从句中充当句子成分（主/宾/定/表/状）名词或代词关系代词和关系副词缺少主/宾/定/表/状语，但必须有谓语。

ThegirlisbehindthetreeisMary.thegirlwho/thatCHAPTERTHREE分类1)限定性定语从句对先行词有限定制约作用，不能被省略，否则句意不完整Imetsomeonewhosaidheknowsyou.2)非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，可省略。有逗号隔开Thehouse,whichIbought,hasalovelygarden.

①Doyouknowtheprofessorwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?②Englishisanimportantsubject,whicheverystudentshouldstudywell.区别1.形式不同非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。2.关系词不同that不用于非限制性；在限制性从句中，关系词作宾语有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句，关系词一律不省略。①Sheisthenewstudent(whom/who/that)Iwanttointroducetoyou.②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.③Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoshowallhislovefor.1.Thecar,______weboughtlastmonth,isverynice.2.Thisisthecar

_________weboughtlastmonth.3.Thewoman_________________wewillmeetattheairportisanexpert.4.ButSarah,___________hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

whichwhich/thatwho/whom/that/略whoCHAPTERFOUR关系词关系词只指代人只指代事物人、物皆可指地点指时间指原因who，whomwhichthat,whose,aswherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词作从句中的主语、宾语、定语、表语作从句的状语在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略可以☞人和物作定语修饰名词whose+名词牢记：what不用来引导定语从句定语一.关系代词引导的定语从句1.指物时①Howdoyoulikethefilmwhich/thatwasshownlastSunday?②Howdoyoulikethefilm(which/that)wesawlastSunday？③Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.2.指人时：①Doyouknowtheboywho/thatismydeskmate?②Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.③Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.1.关系副词when，表示时间①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Thereareoccasionswhenyoumustnotrefuse.2.关系副词where，表示地点①Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.③Dancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.④Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.二.关系副词引导的定语从句3.关系副词why（=forwhich）先行词是表原因的名词reason①Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.②Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tshowup.③Shedidn’ttellmethereasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.①Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtogether.②Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.

①Thisistheparkwhich/thattheyvisitedlastyear.

②Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedlastyear.①Idon'tbelievethereason(that/which)hegaveme.②Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.1.“介词+关系代词which/whom”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。2.常用的介词有in，on，about，from，for，with，to，at，of，without3.介词的来源①定语从句中动词、形容词与介词的习惯搭配

②根据先行词和介词的习惯搭配③根据句子意思表达的需要三.介词加关系代词引导的定语从句(1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thisisasubjectaboutwhichwemightargueforalongwhile.(2)看先行词与介词的搭配习惯①Ontheblackboardtheteacherwroteasentence,themeaningofwhichIdon’tunderstand.②I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichshesaidgoodbyetome.(3)考查根据句意确定介词①Iamlookingformyglasses,withoutwhichIcan’twatchTVclearly.②Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.CHAPTERFIVE特殊情况和解题步骤1.只用that2.只用which3.注意主谓一致只用that不用which1.先行词是被序数词/形容词最高级修饰Thefirstthing

thatyoushoulddoiscallthepolicerightaway.2.先行词是被不定代词修饰（all,little,few,much,everthing,anything）All

thatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.先行词是/被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修饰Theonlything

thatshecoulddowastoaskthepoliceforhelp.4.先行词既包括人又包括物Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonandthings

thatupsetus.5.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句Whichofthebooks

thatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?只用which1.引导非限定性定语从句Football,which

isaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld.2.关系代词有介词Thisisthehousein

whichMoYanoncelived.3.先行词本身就是thatThatwhichyoutoldhimiswhatwewanttoknow.4.句中包含两个定语从句时，一句用that,另一句用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen.只用who不用that的情况1.先行词是指人的不定代词（one;ones;anyone;noone;nobody;anybody;none;all）Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.2.therebe句型，先行词☞人Thereisayoundmanwhowantstoseeyou.3.先行词是☞人的thoseThosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.注意主谓一致1.定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数通常与先行词的数保持一致①Thestudentswhowerereferredtojustnowwereallfromthesamevillage.②I,whoamyourmother,isnotapersonthatiseasytocheat.2.在“oneof+复数名词…”后面，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthathavedrawnlotsofvisitors.3.在“theonly/theveryoneof+复数名词…”后面，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。TheGreatWallistheonly(one)ofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.解定语从句三步骤一找：找出先行词；二带：把先行词带入定语从句中，组成正确的句子；三选择：考虑各种情况，确定关系词。1.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.2.Heknewtheteacher_______________wemetyesterday.3.Isawawoman_________bagwasstolen.4.Theday_____________ImarriedwasJune6,2004.5.Thehotel______________westayedwasn’tclean.6.Thereason______________I’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.that/whichamachinetheteacherwho/whom/that/略whoseawomanthedayonthedayawoman'sonwhich=whenthehotelinthehotelinwhich=whereforthereasonwhich=why用正确的关系词填空(I)1.Hisfatherworksinafactory__________makesTVsets.2.Hisfatherworksinafa