Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单词讲解课件高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit2

MoralsandVirtuesWordsandExpressionsmoral

['mɒrəl]adj.道德的;道义上的n.品行;道德;寓意moralkidnapping 道德绑架Themoralof……的道德教训/寓意morallyadv.道德上;有道德地;确实地反：immoraladj.不道德的;邪恶的

virtue['vɜːtʃuː]:n.高尚的道德;美德;优秀品质byvirtueof凭借=bymeansofvirtuallyadv.事实上，几乎dilemma[dɪ'lemə]

n.进退两难的境地;困境beinadilemma处于困境中Putsbintoa

dilemma使某人陷入困境Getoutofthedilemma摆脱进退两难的境地Facethedilemmaabout/of…面对……困境Moraldilemma道德困境他们试图摆脱这个困境。Theytrytogetoutofthedilemma.faint

[feɪnt]

v.昏倒;晕厥adj.不清楚的;微弱的afaintsmile淡淡一笑afaintlight微弱的光Afainthope一丝希望faintmemory模糊的记忆她的病还有一点点希望可以治愈。Thereisstillafainthopethatshemaybecured.carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关近似：helpoutcarryout实施；履行；执行carryondoing/with继续；参与她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了艰难时光。Herencouragementandsupportcarriedmethroughdifficulttimes.marriage

['mærɪdʒ] n.结婚;婚姻marryv.结婚married adj.已婚的unmarriedadj.未婚的marrysb与某人结婚bemarried(tosb)（与……结婚）【表状态】getmarried(tosb)(与……结婚）【表动作】她嫁给了一个有钱人。Shemarriedarichperson.majority

[mə'dʒɒrəti]

n.大部分;大多数majoradj.主要的;v.主修；n.专业；主修课程minoradj.少数的（反义词）minority n.少数；少数民族themajorityof...大多数…(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）beinthemajority

占大部分/大多数Majorin主修……Themajorityofstudentslike

reading

books.他的专业是物理。Hismajorisphysics.Hemajorsinphysics.complain

[kəm'pleɪn]v.抱怨;埋怨;发牢骚complaint n.抱怨类似变化：weigh称重→weight重量;join连接→joint接头complain(tosb.)aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事=makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.complainabout/ofsth:抱怨;埋怨complain(tosb.)that+句子(向某人)抱怨……tuition[tju'ɪʃn]:n.(小组)教学;讲课;学费tuitionfees:学费fee[fiː]:n.专业服务费;报酬…入场费entrancefeetothemuseum.scholarship['skɒləʃɪp]:n.奖学金

scholar:n.学士，学者，

奖学金获得者respond

[rɪ'spɒnd] v.回答;回复;做出反应;回应responsen.反应;回答;回复respondtosb/sth对……对出反应/答复inresponseto为了回应；作为对……的回应make/give(no)responseto对……(不)做出反应/回答她没有回答我的问题,这使我非常生气。③She

,whichmademeveryangry.(response)

④She

,whichmademeveryangry.(respond)

madenoresponsetomyquestiondidn’trespondtomyquestionunion

['juːniən] n.协会;联合会;工会theStudents’Union学生会theEuropeanUnion欧盟Uniongivesstrength.团结就是力量。hire

['haɪə(r)] v.聘任;雇用;租用n.租借;租用反：firev.解雇hireacar租车hireout出租hiresbtodosth雇佣某人做某事physician

[fɪ'zɪʃn] n.医师;内科医生physicsn.物理physicistn.物理学家physicaladj.物理的；身体的doctor:n.医生

dentist:n.牙医

surgeonn.外科医生residentphysician:住院医师rejectionn.拒绝接受;否决同：refuse拒绝反：accept接受

rejectsb./sth:拒绝接受;不录用;拒收rejectdoingsth拒绝做某事

reject

['riːdʒekt] v.拒绝接受;不录用;拒收appoint

[ə'pɔɪnt] v.任命;委派appointmentn.任命；约定appointedadj.约定的的；指定的 appointsbas/tobe……任命某人为…… appointsbtodosth任命某人去做某事make/haveanappointmentwithsb.与某人预约/约会keep/breakan/theappointment守/违(爽)约他被任命为这个协会的主席。Hewasappointedas

chairmanoftheunion.clinic[‘klɪnɪk]:n.诊所;门诊部---attheclinic在诊所

clinical

adj.临床的；临床诊断的faraway['fɑːrəweɪ]:adj.遥远的=distant

faraway:在远处

inthedistance:在远处reunionn.聚会；团聚beingrejectedelect

[ɪ'lekt] v.选举;推选;决定election [ɪ'lekʃn] n.选举;推选electsb(as)……选举某人为……electtodosth决定做某事ageneralelection大选

他被选为新的领导人。Hewaselectedas

thenewleader.decade['dekeɪd]:n.十年;十年期inthepastdecade:在过去十年inthenextdecade:在下个十年tend

[tend]v.照顾;照料;倾向;趋于tendsb./sth.照料/照看某人/物tendtodosth 易于做某事;往往会发生某事tendencyn.趋势这位病人很容易昏倒，所以我们要耐心照顾她。Thispatient____________,soweshould_____her_________.人们年纪大时往往会发胖。Peopletendtogetfatwhentheygrowolder.tendstofainttendpatientlypublish

['pʌblɪʃ] v.发表(作品);出版publishern.出版者;出版商publicationn.出版物saving

['seɪvɪŋ] n.节省物;节省;节约(pl.)储蓄金;存款

savev.救助；节省saveone’slife救某人的命savemoney省钱staff[stɑːf]:n.员工;全体职员

Thestaff+动词单数/复数retirefrom...从……退休aretiredteacher一位退休教师retirefromoffice/service退职/退役retire

[rɪ'taɪə(r)] v.退休;退职;退出retiredadj.退休的，退役的；退隐的；retirementn.退休，退职由于健康状况不佳，他被迫退休。Hewasforcedtoretirebecauseofhisbadhealth.passive

['pæsɪv] adj.被动的;顺从的反：activeadj.主动的positiveadj.乐观的；积极的negativeadj.消极的；否定的principle['prɪnsəpl]

n.道德原则;法则;原则amanofprinciple有原则的人inprinciple原则上；理论上sticktotheprinciples坚持原则ThepassiveVoice被动语态scared

[skeəd] adj.害怕的;对…感到惊慌/恐惧的=afraid/frightened/terrified(adj)scaryadj.吓人的，恐怖的scare[skeə(r)] v.惊吓;使害伯bescaredofsth.害怕某物bescaredofdoingsth.害怕做某事bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事bescaredtodeath吓得要死bescaredthat...害怕……sharp

[ʃɑːp]adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的归纳拓展：

asharptongue说话刻薄

besharpwith对……说话刻薄

asharpsenseofhumour很强的幽默感asuddensharppain突然的剧痛asharpcontrast鲜明对比sharpeyes明锐的视力

词语积累：(1)sharplyadv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地;(2)sharpenvt.(使)变得锋利ansharpincrease我们见证了国家的飞速发展。We

have

witnessed

the

sharp

development

of

our

country.insurance

[ɪn'ʃʊərəns]:n.保险;保险业insurev.投保；为……提供保险ensurev.确保；保证aninsurancecompany保险公司accidentinsurance意外保险energetic[ˌenə'dʒetɪk]:adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的energy

[ˈenədʒɪ]:n.精力;力量;能源befullofenergy:精力充沛

havetheenergytodosth有精力做某人replace

[rɪ'pleɪs] v.接替;取代;更换该厂用机器代替了大部分的工人。Thefactoryreplacedmostofitsworkerswithrobots.replacementn.代替，更换replacedadj.被替换的replaceAwith/byB用B代替Ataketheplaceof…/takeone’splace代替；取代（动词短语可作谓语）inplaceof...代替……（介词短语,不可单独作谓语）

Youcanusecheeseinplaceof/insteadofbutterinsomerecipes.关于“replace”的总结：代替replacetaketheplaceofinplaceofinsteadof在一些菜谱里你可以用芝士来替代黄油accident

['æksɪdənt] n.事故;车祸;失事byaccident偶然地；不小心=bymistake无意的bydesign=onpurpose有意地,故意地accidentaladj意外的;偶然的accidentallyadv.意外地，偶然地那个老妇人不小心拖走了我的手推车。Theoldwomandraggedmycartbyaccident.operation

[ˌɒpə‘reɪʃn]

n.手术；企业；经营operatev.操作;使用;动手术operatorn.操作员;经营者cooperationn.合作put...intooperation实施;使...运转operateonsb给某人做手术=do/performanoperationonsbwhisper

['wɪspə(r)]vi.悄声说;耳语;低语n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传whisper(sth)tosb向某人低声说某事whisperaboutsth嘀咕某事inawhisper低声地;悄声地他正在睡觉，所以你最好低声说话。Heissleeping,soyou’dbetterspeakinawhisper.

midnight['mɪdnaɪt]

n.子夜;午夜atmidnight在午夜atdawn在黎明atdusk在黄昏burnthemidnightoil挑灯夜战；熬夜import

['ɪmpɔːt] n.进口;进口商品 [ɪm'pɔːt]v.进口;引进export

['ekspɔːt]n.出口;出口商品[ɪk'spɔːt]v.出口;输出lap[læp]:n.(坐着时的)大腿部;(跑道等的)一圈bitev.(bit--bitten)咬;叮;蜇n.咬;(咬下的)一口bebittenby…:对…着迷;热衷于，被....咬lip[lip]:n.嘴唇

biteone’slip

竭力忍住不说话;抑制情感的流露pole[pəʊl]:n.(行星的)极;磁极;杆子;电极;柱子;棍;杖

theNorth/SouthPole

北极/南极fishingpole钓鱼竿assist [ə'sɪst] v.帮助;援助assistancen.帮助;援助 assistantn.助手;助理;副手assistsbtodo/indoingsth帮助某人做某事assistsbwith/insth在某方面帮助某人cometoone’sassistance援助某人withtheassistance/helpof...在……的帮助下我乐意帮助你学习这门外语。Iamwillingtoassistyoutolearntheforeignlanguage.

我们将不遗余力地协助他解决这个问题。Wewillsparenoeffortstoassisthiminsolvingthisproblem.词语积累：aseniorassistant高级助理apersonalassistant私人助理ashopassistant店员passaway 去世passsbsth=passsthtosb把某物递给某人passby经过;(时间)过去passdown把...流传下去，强调下一代passon传递passout分发;分配;昏倒passthrough经过；路过passup放弃;错过(机会等)chairmann.主席;主持人;董事长

presidentn.总统;国家主席;校长;院长;董事长;行长diev.死亡/death

n.死;死亡/dead

adj.死的/deadlyadj.致命的/dyinga.濒死的memory

['meməri]

n.记忆力;回忆inmemoryof 作为对…的纪念（=inhonorof）haveagood/badmemory(for)记忆力好/差memorizev.记忆为了纪念他母亲,他设立了一个教育基金。Hesetupaneducationalfundinmemoryofhismother.拓展：insearchof寻找infavourof赞同,支持intermsof就……而言waitress['weɪtrəs]:n.(餐馆的)女服务员;女侍者waiter:n.男服务员;男侍者actor:n.男演员--actress:n.女演员host:n.男主人--hostess:n.女主人

pregnant['preɡnənt]:adj.怀孕的;妊娠的bepregnantwith…:怀上...givebirthto…:生(孩子/动物)

chain[tʃeɪn]:n.一连串(人或事);链子;链条achainof一连串的;一系列的

achainofsupermarkets=asupermarketchain:连锁超市setoffaseriesofchainreaction

引起一系列的连锁反应

disguise

[dɪs'ɡaɪz] v.装扮;假扮;掩盖n.伪装木兰女扮男装。Mulandisguisedherselfasaman.in

disguise伪装;假装;乔装打扮

disguisesb.as…将某人伪装成……spill[spɪl] v.(spilt/spilled,spilt/spilled)(使)洒出;(使)溢出Don’tcryoverthespiltmilk.覆水难收tear

[tɪə(r)] n.眼泪;泪水burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然大哭起来

bebathedintears泪流满面

bemovedtotears 感动得流泪beclosetotears 快流泪了intears 流着泪；含着泪

holdbackonestears强忍住泪水我告诉他们这一消息时，他们都快要哭出来了。TheywereclosetotearswhenItoldthemthenews.

despair[dɪ'speə(r)] n.绝望v.绝望;感到无望indespair处于绝望中desperateadj.绝望的harm

[hɑːm] n./v.伤害;损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的beofgreatharm危害极大的dosb/sthharm=doharmtosb/sth对某人/物有害beharmfulto对……有害Thereisnoharm(in)doingsth做某事无害处熬夜对我们的健康有害。Stayinguplatedoesharmtoourhealth.

(1)agreatdealof＋n.[U]大量的……(2)agreatdeal大量，非常❶尽管困难重重，我付出的努力和她给予的鼓励最终帮我渡过难关。Despite/Inspiteofagreatdealofhardship,myeffortsaswellasherencouragementcarriedmethroughatlast.❷Heha