山西中医药大学《大学英语》2016-2017学年期末试考试卷

山西中医药大学2016-2017学年第一学期英语期末试卷注意：1、请考生仔细检查试卷，如有错、漏、破烂现象请及时报告监考老师更换。2、请将答案填写到答题卡指定位置，试卷答题无效。3、请考生勾选考生诚信考试承诺。4、考试时间：120分钟。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atabank.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.D.Atabusstop.2.A.2cents.B.15cents.C.25cents.D.50cents.3.A.Theirwork.B.Theirstudy.C.Thecitylife.D.Theweather.4.A.Satisfied.B.Sorry.C.Shocked.D.Frightened.5.A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thechildren.D.Theman.6.A.Quiet.B.Opposite.C.Talkative.D.Interesting.7.A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Customsofficialandpassenger.D.Shopassistantandcustomer.8.A.Closethewindow.B.Packtheirclothes.C.Lockthesuitcase.D.Telephoneforataxi.9.A.Hehasnevertakenabushere.B.Hehimselfisastrangerhere.C.Hehasneverheardoftheplace.D.Hedoesn’tlikethewoman.10.A.Thewomanhasfinishedherproject.B.Thewomaniswillingtohelptheman.C.ThewomanwillletBobchatwiththeman.D.Thewomanislosingpatiencewiththeman.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Visitinghisteachersanddoingshopping.B.Collectinghispictures.C.Buyinghisflightticket.D.Wanderingaboutintheairportbuilding.12.A.Shirts.B.Gloves.C.Toys.D.Aclock.13.A.Helefthissuitcaseintheairportbuilding.B.Hecouldn’tenjoythebeautyoftheevening.C.Hewassuspectedasaterroristandtakentoanairlineoffice.D.Heintendedtovisitmoreteachersandbuymorepresents.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingreport.14.A.Smuggling(走私)cases.B.Theftcases.C.Murderingcases.D.Robberycases.15.A.Smugglingbaggage.B.Cigarettes.C.Rawmaterials.D.Mechanicalequipment.16.A.Thenumberofsmugglingcasesdeclinedlastyear.B.Thesituationofthefightagainstsmugglingremainsserious.C.ThebiggestcasehappenedinShenzhen.D.Thefiguresofsmugglingcasesforthisyeararesurprising.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.Thecaseofthewoman’stoothache:Oneofherteethhasbeen17.Thedentist’sdecision:To18thebadtooth.Thewoman’sintention:To19thebadtooth.Thefunctionoftheinjection:Tohelpdeadenthe20.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Whydidn’tthewomangotouniversity?Shehadto21forherfamily.What’stheoccupationthewomanhasinatradecompany?Sheisa22.Whydoesthewomanwantanewjob?Shewantstoget23.Whatshouldthewomandoifsheleavesthepresentjob?Shemustgive24.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.25.ItwasprettycoldlastThursdaywhenweweretakingthefinalexam.ButIwasdressedit,soIdidn’tmind.A.inB.withC.forD.on26.Astheworldchangesfasterthanever,ourgreatestconcernismakingsurethatofthesechangesdousharm.A.anyB.someC.neitherD.none27.Acupuncture(针刺疗法)isatreducingbackpainmedicines,accordingtoresearchers.A.twiceaseffective;asB.astwiceeffective;thanC.effectiveastwice;asD.twiceeffectiveas;than28.Atthemeeting,moststudentsdisagreedwiththedirector’sproposal,?A.didtheyB.didn’ttheyC.diditD.didn’tit29.“Amanwhofaultwithothersisnotperfecthimself,forhehasnotimetomakeaself-criticism.”SaidBuddha.A.alwaysfoundB.isalwaysfindingC.hasalwaysfoundD.hadalwaysfound30.Atalkshowisatelevisionprogramwhereoneperson(oragroupofpeople)willdiscussvarioustopicsbyahost.A.raisingB.toraiseC.raisedD.raise31.“Youforwhatyouhavedone!”thebossthreatenedoneoftheofficeworkers.A.couldbepunishedB.shallbepunishedC.willhavebeenpunishedD.shallhavebeenpunished32.DearMom,IwonderifyoueverknewhowmuchIappreciatedyougavemeeventhoughIoftensimplysaid,“ThanksMom.”A.allwhichB.allthatC.inthatD.forthat33.Ireallydon’tlikemaths,Ifindhislecturesinteresting.A.AsB.SinceC.OnceD.While34.Williamssaysthatfriendswithyourroommateisagoodplacetostartintermsofmakingfriendsinanewplace.A.becameB.becomeC.havingbecomeD.becoming35.Dadtoldme,“Nothingisimpossibleyouwantitbadlyenoughandgoafterithardenough.”A.unlessB.ifC.becauseD.until36.IsitnormalthatinSeptemberhotelsnearuniversitiesareovercrowded,manyparentsfromadistancenowheretostaybuttosleepontheplayground?A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leave37.DoyouknowthatAustraliawasasamatteroffactusedtobealandforprisoners?A.whereB.whatC.whichD.that38.Wewaitedandwaited.wehadbeenlookingforwardto.A.ThencamethehourB.ThendidthehourcomeC.CamethenthehourD.Camethehourthen39.“Itseemsasifthere’vebeenalotofstrongearthquakesthisyear.Andno,it’snotasignaltheplanetiscomingapartattheseams(缝隙).”Scientistssay.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.which40.Toahighschoolstudent,goingtouniversitymeansanewleafbeforehimandbeingindependentisthestartingpoint.A.tobeturnedB.beingturnedC.tohavebeenturnedD.turnedSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.aspectsF.traditionalB.extendedG.continuedC.constructingH.simplyD.unfortunatelyI.basedE.instanceJ.unitsIn1791theFrenchnation,inthemidstofarevolution,wishedtobreakwiththepast,especiallywiththose41ofitwhichtheyconsideredillogicalanduseless.Oneofthosewasthe42systemofweightsandmeasuresinuse.Notonlywasthesystemclearlycomplicated,butitalsovariedwidelyfromplacetoplace.SotheFrenchspentalargeamountoftimeandeffortsregulatinganewsystem.In43thenewsystem,theFrenchbeganbysettingupaunitofdistanceequaltoonefortymillionthpartoftheearth’scircumference(周长).But44latermeasurementsshowedthattheunitdesignedwasnotexactlythatpart,butthey45touseit.(TodaytheunitisdefinedsimplyasthedistancebetweentwomarksonametalbarkeptinsuburbofParis).Theunitisthemeterandthesystemofmeasurements46onthisunitisthemetric(米制的)system,thesystemtodayusedbyscientistsallovertheworld.Themetricsystemisbuiltin47often,GreekprefixesshowingmultiplesandLatinprefixesshowingfractions.TheGreekshadnowordforanumberlargerthantenthousandandtheRomanshadnoneforanumberlargerthanonethousand,butthesystemwas48byusinglessspecificwords;for49megameter(onemillionmeters)comesfromaGreekwordthatmeanssimply“large”.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Childrenmodelthemselveslargelyontheirparents.Theydosomainlythroughidentification.Childrenidentifywithaparentwhentheybelievetheyhavethequalitiesandfeelingsthatare50ofthatparent.Thethingsparentsdoandsay—andthe51theydoandsaytothem—thereforestronglyinfluenceachild’s52.However,parentsmustatalltimes53likethetypeofpersontheywanttheirchildtobecome.Aparent’sactions54affecttheself-imagethatachildforms55identification.Childrenwhoseemainlypositivequalitiesintheirparentswilllikelylearntoseethemselvesina56way.Childrenwhoobservechiefly57qualitiesintheirparentswillhavedifficultyseeingpositivequalitiesinthemselves.Childrenmay58theirself-image,however,astheybecomeincreasingly59bypeergroupstandards.Isolatedevents,evendramaticones,donotnecessarilyhavea60effectonachild’sbehavior.Childreninterpretsucheventsaccordingtotheirestablished61andprevioustraining.Childrenwhoknowtheyarelovedcan,forexample,acceptthedivorceoftheirparent’soraparent’searly62.Butifchildrenfeelunloved,theymayinterpretsucheventsasa63ofrejectionorpunishment.Inthesameway,allchildrenarenotinfluencedatallbytoysandgames,readingmatter,andtelevisionprograms.Asinthecaseofadramaticchangeinfamilyrelations,the64ofanactivityorexperiencedependsonhowthechildinterpretsit.50.A.informativeB.characteristicC.comprehensiveD.individual51.A.gestureB.expressionC.wayD.extent52.A.behaviorB.wordsC.moodD.reactions53.A.behaveB.belongC.becomeD.follow54.A.regardlessB.neverthelessC.alsoD.anyhow55.A.despiteB.besidesC.includingD.through56.A.peculiarB.positiveC.particularD.similar57.A.negativeB.cheerfulC.variousD.complex58.A.reconstructB.regulateC.surviveD.continue59.A.dominatedB.influencedC.controlledD.occupied60.A.temporaryB.progressiveC.short-termD.permanent61.A.performancesB.attitudesC.argumentsD.achievements62.A.deathB.rewardsC.suggestionD.teaching63.A.signB.symbolC.signalD.model64.A.resultB.effectC.scaleD.causeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ItwasThanksgivingmorningandinthecrowdedkitchenofmysmallhomeIwasbusypreparingthetraditionalThanksgivingturkeywhenthedoorbellrang.Iopenedthefrontdoorandsawtwosmallchildreninragshuddlingtogetheronthetopstep.“Anyoldpapers,lady?”askedoneofthem.Iwasbusy.Iwantedtosay“no”untilIlookeddownattheirfeet.Theywerewearingthinlittlesandals,wetwithheavysnow.“ComeinandI’llmakeyouacupofhotcocoa.”Theywalkedoverandsatdownatthetable.Theirwetsandalsleftmarksuponthefloor.Iservedthemcocoaandbreadwithjamtofightagainstthecoldoutside.ThenIwentbacktothekitchenandstartedagainonmyhouseholdbudget.Thesilenceinthefrontroomstruckme.Ilookedin.Thegirlheldtheemptycupinherhands,lookingatit.Theboyaskedinaflatvoice,“Lady,areyourich?”Ilookedatmyshabbyslipcovers.Thegirlputhercupbackinitssaucercarefullyandsaid,“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”Hervoicewashungrywithaneedthatnoamountoffoodcouldsupply.Theyleftafterthat,holdingtheirbundlesofpapersagainstthewind.Theyhadn’tsaid“Thankyou.”Theydidn’tneedto.TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.Plainbluechinacupsandsaucerswereonlyworthfivepence.Buttheymatched.Itastedthepotatoesandstirredthemeatsoup.Potatoesandbrownmeatsoup,aroofoverourheads,myhusbandwithagoodsteadyjob—thesematched,too.Imovedthechairsbackfromthefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddyprintsofsmallsandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile,Ithought,justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.65.Whydidthewriterletthechildrenin?A.Sheshowedgreatpityonthem.B.Shehadoldpaperstosell.C.ShewantedtoinvitethemtoherThanksgivingfeast.D.Shewantedthemtoseehowrichshewas.66.Thegirlthoughtthewriterwasrichperhapsbecause.A.shesawthatthelady’sroomwascomfortableB.shesawthecupsmatchedthesaucersC.thewriter’sslipcoverswereverynewD.thewriterwaspreparingabigmealwhileshewastoohungry67.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatwhetheryouarerichdependson.A.howmuchmoneyyouhavehadB.howyoufeelaboutyourlifeC.howyouhavehelpedothersD.whatjobyourhusbandisdoing68.Thewriterleftthemuddyprintsofsmallsandalsonthefloorforawhileto.A.showherhusbandthatsomeonehadcomeB.remindherthatshehadhelpedtwochildrenC.remindherthatshewasveryrichintheneighborhoodD.remindherhowlifeshouldbe(B)Incaseofanaccidentorafireonaschoolbus,thisiswhatyouwillneedtoknow.Don’tworry;theseruleswillbepracticedtwiceayearatyourschool.Thedriverwillreviewwithyouallthesafetyrulesofridingaschoolbusandexplaintoyouwhereallthedangerouszonesarearoundaschoolbus.Payattentionandobeyyourdriverandyouwillalwaysbesafe.Thedriverwillshowyoualltheemergencyequipment,likethefireextinguisher,theaxe,thefirstaidtoolsandthetwo-wayradio.Payattentionandtrytorememberwheretheyareandhowtheyareused.Thedriverwillradioinandhaveherdispatcher(调度员)call911ifitisneeded.Youmayneedtohelpthedriverifsheisinjured.Thisiswhythedriverwillteachyouhowtousethetwo-wayradio.Thedriverwillalsoshowyouwheretheemergencywindowsarelocatedandhowtheyopen.Nowthedriverwillshowyouhowtoevacuatethebusfromthebackdoorincaseofanemergency.STAYCALM.DONOTPUSHORSHOVE,ANDHAVEYOURHANDSFREE.Studentsinthebackseatswillleavefirst.Thedriverwillhaveassignedtwostudentstostandatthebackdoortohelpyou.Extendyourarms,bendyourknees,makesurethetwostudentsonthegroundareholdingyourarms,anddon’tjumptotheground.Onceyouareoutofthebus,youwillgototheget-togetherarea,andwaitforyourdriver.69.ThedriverwillshowyouallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.dangerouszonesontheschoolbusB.thefirstaidtoolsontheschoolbusC.theemergencywindowsontheschoolbusD.thetwo-wayradio70.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Buscompaniesareresponsibleforstudents’practicingsafetyrulesonaschoolbus.B.Thedriverisalsoaschoolteacher.C.Studentsmayneedtohelpthedriverincaseofanaccidentonaschoolbus.D.Studentsshouldjumpoutofthebusassoonasanaccidenthappens.71.Thearticleisa(n).A.essayB.descriptionC.explanationD.argument(C)Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsawardleadershiptooneorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment（招聘）.Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproducedependableevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,practicallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.Researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingsofasocialgroup’smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtodecreasetensionandconflictamongthem.Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveothersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhorestrictattainment(达到)ofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.72.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.D.Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups.73.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofagroupmaynotbeaneffectiveoneinanothergroup.B.Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.C.Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.D.Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.74.Inmentioning“naturalleaders”inthesecondparagraph,theauthorismakingthepointthat.A.fewpeoplequalifyas“naturalleaders”B.thereisnoproofthat“naturalleaders”existC.“naturalleaders”areeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroupD.“naturalleaders”shareasimilarsetofcharacteristics75.Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson.A.ensuringharmoniousrelationshipsB.sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembersC.identifyingnewleadersD.achievingagoalSectionCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.A.CornDollies.B.Celebrationsinchurches.C.Abigmealcalledaharvestsupper.D.ThanksgivingceremoniesandcelebrationsinEngland.E.HistoryofHarvestFestival.F.WhenisHarvestFestival?76.InEngland,wehavegiventhanksforsuccessfulharvestssincepagantimes.Wecelebratethisdaybysinging,prayinganddecoratingourchurcheswithbasketsoffruitandfoodinafestivalknownas“HarvestFestival”,usuallyduringthemonthofSeptember.HarvestFestivalremindsChristiansofallthegoodthingsGodgivesthem.Thismakesthemwanttosharewithotherswhoarenotsofortunate.77.HarvestfestivalsaretraditionallyheldonorneartheSundayoftheHarvestMoon.ThismoonisthefullmoonwhichfallsinthemonthofSeptember,atoraroundthetimeoftheAutumnalEquinox,aboutSept.23.UnliketheUSAandCanada,theUKdoesnothaveanationalholidayforHarvestFestival.78.HarvestFestivalusedtobecelebratedatthebeginningoftheHarvestseasonon1stAugustandwascalledLammas,meaning“loafMass”.Farmersmadeloavesofbreadfromthenewwheatcropandgavethemtotheirlocalchurch.TheywerethenusedastheCommunionbreadduringaspecialmassthankingGodfortheharvest.ThecustomendedwhenHenryVIIIbrokeawayfromtheCatholicChurch,andnowadayswehaveharvestfestivalsattheendoftheseason.79.ThetraditionofcelebratingHarvestFestivalinchurchesasweknowittodaybeganin1843,whentheReverendRobertHawkerinvitedparishionerstoaspecialthanksgivingservicefortheharvestathischurchatMorwenstowinCornwall.Victorianhymnssuchas“Weploughthefieldsandscatter”,“Comeyethankfulpeople,come”and“Allthingsbrightandbeautiful”helpedpopularisehisideaofharvestfestivalandspreadtheannualcustomofdecoratingchurcheswithhome-grownproducefortheHarvestFestivalservice.80.Themakingofcorndolliesgoesbackmanythousandsofyears.ItwasaPagancustomandevolvedfromthebeliefsofthecorngrowingpeoplewhobelievedintheCornSpirit.CorndolliesweremadeatHarvesttimefromthelastsheafofcorncut.TheCornSpiritwassupposedtoliveorberebornintheplaitedstrawornamentorcorndollandwaskeptuntilthefollowingspringtoensureagoodharvest.Thecorndollyoftenhadaplaceofhonourattheharvestbanquettable.SectionDDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTWELVEWORDS.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimport