第2讲主题阅读与写作之语言学习-2023年中考英语一轮复习培优全-1

第2讲主题阅读与写作之语言学习【知识梳理1】教学建议：要求学生在限定时间6分钟内完成阅读；让学生之间相互对答案；鼓励学生自己解释和别人答案不同的题目以便老师了解学生的解题思路及错误原因；让错误较多的学生总结错误原因及注意事项。如何快速找主旨句如何快速找主旨句一、如何快速找主旨句1，注意文首： 开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释，支撑或者发展主题句所表达的主题思想是最常见的演绎法写作方式。2，注意首尾呼应： 为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时候再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方法也较常见。但是，前后表达主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或者发展的意思。3，注意文尾： 在表述细节后，归纳要点，印象，结论建议或者结果，以概括主题，这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。4，无主题句： 有时主题句可以隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句。必须根据稳重中所提供的实施细节来进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。5，标志词： Onthewhole,inshort,therefore… Iagreewiththeopinionthat… Givenallthesepointsabove,Iwouldsupporttheideathat… Forallthereasonsmentionedabove,Iwouldprefer…常见的主旨大意题的考查形式：Thetextismainlyabout____.Themainidea/Thegeneralidea/Themainpurposeis______.What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelast/xxparagraph?Whatwouldbethebesttitle/headlineforthetext?Thisarticlemainlytellsaboutthestoryof____.Whatisthetopicofthetext?Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis____.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphdiscuss?Theparagraph(passage)dealswith_____.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?【讲解】务必反复强调，让学生熟悉这些考察形式二、解题技巧1、整体思路1).先看问题，看是否有和主旨相关的题目，了解题目类别和提问方式。2).再看文章首尾和各段开头，找出主题句或通过浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨。3).以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。4)、这类题目需要对文章有整体性的把握，建议最后做2、分类解析1)文章或者某段落的主旨大意——主题句定位法即通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句。主题呈现的方式：【例题精讲】1、开门见山式：主题句出现在文首。Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutpetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.Otherssaythatpetitionisbad，thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.题目：Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout？A.petitionhelpstosetupselfrespect.B.Opinionsaboutpetitionaredifferentamongpeople.C.petitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.D.Failuresarenecessaryexperienceinpetition.【讲解】答案：B.让学生先自己找找主题句，然后让其在文中划出来，并问为什么。如果划错了，要指出学生思维上出现的问题，并告诉学生主题句的特征，即什么样的句子才符合主题句的特征。2、藏头露尾式：主题句出现在文尾OntheInternet,wecanreadnewsathomeandabroadandgetasmuchinformationaswecan.WeoftensendemailsormaketelephonecallstoourfamiliesaswellastoourfriendsbyInternet.What’smore,wecangotoschoolonthenet,readalotofbooksandeventeachourselvesforeignlanguages.Wealsoenjoymusic,watchballmatchesonthenetandplayputergames.Withthehelpofthenet,wecandoshoppingevenwithoutleavingourhomes.TheInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.题目：What’sthemainideaofthepassage？

A.KeepawayfromtheInternet.

B.Surfthenet.

C.TheInternetisplayinganimportantpartinourdailylife.

D.WecanentertainourselvesontheInternet.【讲解】答案：C.帮助学生分析主题句之前的那些句子的作用，这些句子往往是举例子，摆事实，而对其的总结就是主题句，这是属于演绎归纳的写作形式。3．首尾呼应式在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点出主题。值得注意的是，前后两个主题句不是简单的重复，再次出现的主题句往往是前面主题句的进一步引申或发展。Lacrosse(曲棍球)isapopularsportinCanada.TheIndiansinCanadainventedit.Theyusedittotrainforwar.TheyinventedthisgamebeforeColumbusarrivedintheNewWorld.Peopleplaylacrosseoutdoors.Thelacrossefieldissevenmeterslong.Ateachendofthefieldthereisagoal.Thegoalis…TherearemanylacrosseclubsandlacrosseteamsalloverCanada.EverynightCanadianscanwatchthelacrossegamesonTVorlistentothelacrossegamesovertheradio.AtonetimelacrossewasthenationalsummersportinCanada.TodayitisstillpopularwithCanadians.题目：Thepassageismainlyabout.A.HowtoPlayLacrosseB.LacrosseinCanadaC.TheHistoryofLacrosseD.Lacrosse—APopularGameinCanada【讲解】答案：B.4．抛砖引玉式文章的开头只是提出一个问题或者貌似正确的观点，而真正的主题则是通过对问题的解析和引申，或是通过责问和驳论的方式导出主题。Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments－mostlyforentertainmentpurposes－isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,mostzoosremain“collections”ofinteresting“things”ratherthanprotectivehabitats(栖息地)…Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,butvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehavior,intelligence,orbeautyActually,wewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.题目：Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage？A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.【讲解】答案：B.借用此题来强化学生对一些重要标点符号和关联词的敏感度，破折号，冒号后面的句子往往是对前一句的解释，或者是作者真正的观点表达。But，therefore，等关联词后的句子也往往是作者的真正观点。5．藏龙卧虎式即主题句隐含在全文当中，没有明确的主题句。具体方法是：首先弄清楚各个段落讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，寻找共同点,然后加以归纳形成主题。Handshaking,thoughaEuropeanpracticeisoftenseeninbigcitiesofChina.NobodyknowsexactlywhenthepracticestartedinEurope.ItissaidthatlonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmed(无武器的)handstoeachotherasasignofgoodwill.Astimewentonandtradeincitiesgrewrapidly,peopleincitiesbegantoclapeachother’shandstomakeadealortoreachanagreement.Thispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorleavingeachother.“Let’sshake(hands)onit”sometimesmeansagreementreached.题目：Thisparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.wherehandshakingwasfirstpracticedB.howhandshakingcameaboutC.abouttherelationshipbetweenhandshakingandtradeD.aboutthepracticeofhandshakingbothinEuropeandinChina答案：B2、选择最好的标题——选帽原则像帽子一样，大小合适才行。另外，标题要简洁、突出、新颖。标题是文章的点睛之笔，所以它还要具有醒目的特点，能吸引读者。Hewishestheholidayseasonwouldendalready.Hisbackaches,hisredsuitfeelslikeaspacesuit,hischeekshavegonetightfromsmilingfor12hours…Thequestionsfromchildrenthesedaysareharderthanever.Now,withthousandsofchildrenexpectingafatherormotherservinginIraqorAfghanistan,thequestionsareasheartbreakingastheyareunanswerable.Forexample,“CanyoupleasebringDaddyhomefromthewarintimeforChristmasmorning？”Santasalsohaveaprettygoodchanceofgettingsued(指控)…题目：Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A．Christmas:NotaGoodFestivalforSantasB．IsSantaClausReallyAlive？C．AChristmasStoryD．WhatDoesSantaClausDoforChildren？答案：AChoosethebestanswer.ManypeoplealwayssaythatlisteningtospokenEnglishistoohardforthem.Butifyoudon’tunderstandwhatpeoplearesaying,howcanyoutalkwiththem?Itmaybedifficult,butlearningbylisteningisnecessary.Itcanbedone.Asweknow,differentpeoplehavedifferentpronunciationsofthesameword.StandardpronunciationisimportantforEnglishspeakingaswellasforlistening.InChina,peoplefromoneareamaynotunderstandwhatpeoplefromanotherareaaresayingbecauseofthedifferentChinesedialects.StandardChinesepronunciationcanhelppeoplefromdifferentplacesunderstandeachothereasily.ItisthesamewithEnglish.Ifyourpronunciationisnotstandard,itisashardforotherpeopletounderstandyouasitisforyoutounderstandthem.IfyouwanttolearnhowtolistentoEnglish,thefollowingwaysarehelpful.YoucanalsowatchEnglishlanguagefilms,listentoEnglishradioandTVprograms.Trytolisteneveryday,evenifonlyforafewminutes.Atfirstyoumayunderstandfewwords.Don’tgiveup.Justlisten.RemembertoreadandspeakEnglisheveryday.Itwillhelpyoutolistenbetter.SpendanhourreadingEnglisheverydayandfinallyyouwillnoticethatyouaremakingprogress.TalktoEnglishspeakingforeignersasoftenaspossible.Foreignerswillspeakmoreslowlywithyou,usesimplewords,andusebodylanguagetohelpyouunderstandthem.Don’tbeafraidtotalktothem.Theywon’tmindbecausetheymayhavemoretroublemakingthemselvesunderstoodinChinese.1.ManyEnglishlanguagelearnersthink_________istoodifficultforthem.A:readingEnglish B:speakingEnglishC:listeningtoEnglish D:writinginEnglish2.StandardEnglishpronunciationisimportantbecause_________.A:ithelpedpeoplefromdifferentplacesunderstandeachotherbetterB:peoplearefromdifferentareasC:peoplearefromdifferentcountriesD:ithelpspeoplelearnEnglishmoreeasily3._________,andyou’llunderstandmorewords.A.UsesimpleEnglishwords B.UsebodylanguagesC.ListentoEnglisheveryday D.Speakmoreslowlywithforeigners4.__________whenwetalkwithforeigners.A:Don’tbeshy B:Don’tbesilentC:Don’tmakemistakes D:Don’ttalkaboutanythingexceptweather5._________Englisheverydaywillhelpyoutolistenbetter.A:Reading B:Speaking C:Talkingtoforeignersin D:Alltheabove.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A:ListeningtoEnglishisnotsodifficult.B:Weshouldlistentothetapesforonlyafewminutes.C:StandardChineseisnotsoimportantasstandardEnglish.D:TheforeignershavealotoftroubleinlisteningtoChinese,too.keys:CACADD首字母填空解题技巧【知识梳理2】首字母填空解题技巧首字母填空解题技巧：1、解题方法之通读全文,通读是为了知道这篇文章讲什么，了解大意后才能做题。首填选篇第一句一般不设空，并且一般会给出主题，所以一定要细读首句。此外，这一步骤不要花太多时间，跳过空格与生词，要快速阅读。2、解题方法之感情线索,体会作者的语气与用词的感情色彩，是理解文章的一个重要方面，无论是做完型还是阅读，都是用的到的方法。3、解题方法之逻辑关系,逻辑关系是全文的脉络，也是理解文章最重要和最容易成为障碍的地方。阅读时养成随手圈划逻辑关系词的习惯，是提高理解文章能力的很好方法.4、解题方法之联系上下文,有不少提示答案的关键信息，就出现在前后句甚至同句中，所以一定要关注近身。（就近原则)。5、解题方法之固定搭配.注意事项之复查：名词检查单复数动词检查时态、语态、主谓一致形容词、副词检查比较级和最高级连词检查逻辑代词检查人称、数、格介词检查固定搭配和习惯用法【例题精讲】=4\*ROMANIV.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandpletethepassage.LearningChinesemayseemdifficulttoforeignersoutsideChina.l1totheyoungpeople.Daisyhass2upanonlinelearningwebsitetoteachthelanguagetoasmanypeopleaspossible,allovertheworld.WithChina'sfastdevelopmentintheworld,Daisythinksitimportantforpeopletolearnthelanguagesoonerratherthanlater.DaisyhaslearnedPutonghuas3theageoffive.Twoyearsago,aftershedecidedtopassonwhatshehadlearned,shecameupwiththeideaforthewebsite,kidschineseclub.Shesaid,“PeopleareafraidtolearnPutonghua.Oneofthemainreasonsisthattheythinkit’sani4languagetolearn,butIhavehadfundoingit.AndIhopewhatIhavedoneiseasyandfun.”Hero5aseriesoflessons,whicharevideosofDaisyteachingagroupofstudentsontopicsfromgreetingsandnumberstoChineseculture.Daisy’swebsitehaswonthesupportofsomeimportantpersons—theteenagersaysshehasreceivedaletterpraisingherworkfromGordonBrown,whoistheBritishPrimeMinister.Shesaid,“IwrotetohimandtoldhimwhatIwasdoingandgotaletterb6.HesaidthatwhatIwasdoingwasar7goodidea.Ithoughtitwasamazing.Iwasexcitedthatsomeonesoimportantwassupportingwhatweweredoing.”language back7.really=5\*ROMANV．Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.Ireallylikereadingandwritingshortstories.Thesestoriesareusuallyabout6to20pageslongwhichf1onaninterestingperson,aproblemwhichthepersonhad,andwhathappenedwhenthepersontriedtosolvetheproblem.Allsocietiesseemtohaveanoralstorytellingtraditioninwhichpeoplemett2totelleachothershortstories,andinwhichparentstoldtheirchildrenstoriesatbedtime.ThiswascertainlytrueinEngland,inIndia,inKenya,inMexicoandinJapan.WasittrueinChinatoo?Inmanycountries,oralstorytellingisstillimportant,butinmostcountriesnow,storiesarewrittendownandp3inbooks.MyfavoritecollectionofshortstoriesisabookcalledTheStoryGiantbyBrianPatteninwhichagiantknowsallthestoriesintheworlde4one.Ifhedoesn’tfindthelaststoryhe’lldie.Inthebook,hegetsfourchildrenfromdifferentpartsoftheworldtotellhimstoriesinthehopethathewillfindthelaststorysohecanstaya5andpasstheworld’sstoriesonforever.Doyouthinkhefindsthelaststory?Ialsolikereadingnovels.OneofmyfavoritenovelsiscalledLifeofPi.ItiswrittenbyaCanadiancalledYannMartel,andisaboutanIndianboywhospendsalongtimeatseaafterashipwreck(海难)a6____withnobodybutatiger.Whataboutyou?Doyouhaveafavoritenovel?Notmanypeoplereadplaysthesedays,butmanypeoplestillenjoywatchingthematthetheatreorontelevision.Perhapsthel7popularformofliterature(文学)ispoetry.Thisisbecausemanypoemsareverydifficulttounderstand,andoftenseemtobewrittenandreadbyverycleverpeople.IwishIcouldwritepoemswhichanybodycanunderstand.1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________KEYS:1.focus2.together3.published/printed4.except5.alive6.alone7.Least一、阅读单选Isthereaconnectionbetweenmusicandlanguage?Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisyes:Musichelpsdevelopcertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.AstudyfromNorthwesternUniversityshowsthatplayingamusicalinstrumentcanimproveaperson’shearingability.Asapartofthestudy,twogroupsofpeoplelistenedtoapersontalkinginanoisyroom.Thepeopleinthefirstgroupweremusicians,whilethoseinthesecondgrouphadnomusicaltraining.Themusicianswerefoundtobeabletohearthetalkingpersonmoreclearly.“Musicianshearbetter,”saysstudyleaderNinaKraus,“becausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.”Forexample,whentheviolinistsplayinanorehestra(管弦乐队),theymustlistencloselytowhattheyareplayingandignoretheothersounds.Inthisway,musicianscanhearcertainsoundsbetter,eveninaroomwithlotsofnoise.GotfriedSehlaug,adoctoratHarvardMedicalSchool,workswithstroke(中风)patients.Becauseoftheirillness,thesepeoplecannotsaytheirnames,addressorotherinformation.However,theycanstillsing.Dr.Schlaugwassurprisedtofindsingingwordshelpedhispatientsfinallyspeak.Whydoesthiswork?Schlaugisn’tsure.Musicseemstobeabletomakedifferentpartsofthebrainactive,includingthebadparts.Insomeway,thishelpspatientsusethosepartsofthebrainagain.Somusicisnotonlyenjoyable,butalsogoodforusinmanyotherways.“Playinganinstrumentorsinging,”saysNinaKraus,“canhelpusdobetterinschoolandkeepourbrainsharpaswegetolder.”1．What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?A．Listeningtoapeopleinanoisyroomcanimproveaperson’shearingability.B．Sayinghisnameandaddressoftencanimproveaperson’shearingability.C．Playingamusicalinstrumentcanimproveaperson’shearingability.D．Listeningtodifferentkindsofsongscanimproveaperson’shearingability.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignore”probablymean?A．hearof B．lookdownupon C．paynoattentionto D．lookout3．HowcanDr.Schlaughelphisstrokepatientsspeak?A．Byplayingmusicforthem.B．Bygettingthemtosingwords.C．Byteachingthemtoplayinstruments.D．Byjoiningthebadpartsoftheirbrain.4．WhichisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Musiccanmakethebrainactive.B．Singingcanhelpkeepourbrainsharp.C．NinaKrausdoesn’tagreewiththestudyresultofNorthwesternUniversity.D．Musicisgoodforpeople.5．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．WaysofPlayingMusic B．WaystoMakeBrainsActiveC．MusicandLanguageAbilities D．TreatingStrokePatientsAssomeonewho’sbeenstudyingEnglishformanyyears,youmightthinkyouknowtheEnglishlanguageprettywell.ButifyouoverheardaBritishpersonsay,“ABillyletsomebeesandhoneyinmysherbet(冰冻果露)lastnight,”wouldyouunderstandwhathemeant?Probablynot,butmanynative(本土的)speakersmaynotknowwhatthispersonwassayingeither.TheexampleabovewasasentencethataLondontaxidrivermightsaytoanothermemberofhisorhertribe.InplainEnglish,thesentencewouldbe,“Acustomerleftsomemoneyinmytaxilastnight.”So,whatexactlyismeantby“tribe”?ArecentarticleontheBBCCulturewebsitepointedoutthatnearlyallofusareapartofatribe.Thisisagroupthatdefines(定义)whoweareandevenhowwespeak.Andwitheachtribeesitsown“secretlanguage”,astheBBCcalledit.Ifyouworkinacertainindustry—education,forexample,youmayuseslang(俚语)wordsthatonlyotherpeoplewhoworkinthatindustrywouldunderstand.Orifyouliveinacertaincity,youmightuseaslangwordtodescribealandmarkinthecity,thatonlylocalswouldunderstand.Thesesocalledsecretlanguageseachhavetheirownfascinatinghistory.IntheUS,forexample,theunderground“ballroom”(舞厅)tribeof1970sand80sNewYorkCityanditslanguagewasshowedinthe2018FXshowPose.Thesesecretwordsdon’talwaysstaywithintheirtribes,however.Wordsfrommanytribes,especiallymusicalculturessuchasrapandhiphop,oftenenterpeople’severydayvocabulary.Forexample,thephrase“tohavebeer”—meaning“tobeinaconflict(冲突)”—wasmadepopularbyUSrappers.Today,it’swidelyusedbynativeEnglishspeakersallovertheworld.AsBBCreporterSusieDentwrote,“Weareallsurroundedbyamazingsecretlanguages,fullofhistoryandstoriesandinjokes.Andonethingiscertain:ourtribalconversationswillneverrunout.”6．Theexampleatthebeginningofthetextismainlyused________.A．toprovethatEnglishisreallyhardforpeopletolearn.B．toexplaintothereaderswhatthemeaningof“tribe”isC．toteachreadershowtomunicatewithtaxidriversD．toshowthelanguagesoftribesarehardtounderstand7．Accordingtothispassage,whatdoes“tribe”referto?A．Allmembersofafamily. B．Workersinacertainpany.C．Agrouporclassofpeople. D．Peoplelivinginthesamecity.8．Whatcanweknowabout“secretlanguages”?A．Theymostlycamefromdifferentkindsofmusicalcultures.B．Somewordsfromthemarepopularineverydayconversation.C．TheyfirststartedinNewYorkCityinthe1970sand1980s.D．Theyhavefailedtobeepopularamongyoungpeople.9．WhatisDent’sattitudetowardsthefutureof“secretlanguages”?A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Uninterested. D．Doubtful.二、短文首字母填空根据首字母提示用适当的词完成短文。InBritain,childrenbeginlearningFrenchinjuniorschool.Childrenspendanhouraweekl___10___thelanguage.SomeschoolsevengoonaschooltriptoFrancetopracticespeaking.Whenchildrenreachhighschool,theycontinuetheirF___11___studies.TheyaregiventhechancetolearnGermanaswell.Incertainschools,childrenalsolearnLatin.Thislanguageisnolongerspoken,butmanyEnglishwordsandstructuresc___12___fromit.HavingagoodknowledgeofLatinh___13___improveyourEnglish.MostchildreninBritishdonotfeellikelearninglanguagesbecauseE___14___hasbeetheinternationallanguage,theythinktheywillhavenodifficultymunicatingwithothers.LearningEnglishcanbedifficultorinteresting.Itdependsonh___15___youaredoingit.Tobeginwith,readasmuchasyoucaninEnglish.FromcartoonstoBritishliterature,anythingisOK.Ifyouwishtoimproveyourself,youhavetochoosesomethingthatcanp___16___youwithachallenge.Sorenewyourlibrarycard,chooseyourfavoriteEnglishmagazinesorgoonline.UnderstandingBritishorAmericanc___17___canalsobeapartoflanguagelearning.Theexpressionsorsituationscanbeunderstoodandrememberedb___18___ifyouknowacoupleofpatterns,booksorpoems.Whereandhow,youmightask.Therearesomem___19___ofdoingthis.YoucanstartyourownbloginEnglishaboutyourhobby,travelexperiencesoranythingthatmakesyouinterested.Ifyoudon’twanttowrite,readotherpeople’sblogsorarticlesinEnglishandgivesomer___20___whenyouhaveyourownideas.Youcanalsotrytofindanonlinemunitythathasthesameinterestasyou.InthismunityyoucanshareyourthoughtsinEnglish.Thisusuallys___21___tobethemostdifficultpart,butyouhavetochallengeyourself.IfyouhavethechancetouseEnglish,don’tl___22___it.Finally,neverforgetthepowerofrelaxation.Asthesayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”Youdon’talwayshavetof___23___yourselftostudyifyouaretired.Youcanlistentosomemusicorwatchamovie.It’salsoagoodideatokeepc____24____contactwithnatureandgoouttobreathemorefreshairafterahardday’swork.Itdoesn’tsoundtoodifficult,doesit?三、话题作文25．请根据以下题目，写一篇小议论文，阐述学习英语的重要性，文中包含至少3条学英语的原因，至少3条学英语的方法。要求：(1)文章过渡衔接自然，语言规范，字迹工整。(2)100词左右。(3)文中不要出现真实的人名、校名和地名。WhyandhowshouldwelearnEnglish?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、材料作文26．假设你是李华，你们学校正在对本校学生英语学习情况进行同学们对英语教学的建议。请按下表提示，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你的英语学习情况以及你对老师教学的建议。项目内容你对英语的认识1.英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言；2.英语有助于了解世界上不同的文化；……你目前的英语水平1.能用英语与同学进行简单的交流；2.喜欢演讲，去年在校演讲比赛中获奖；……你英语学习中存在的问题1.不能正确地运用语法规则；2.写作中有时候不能清楚地表达自己；……你对英语教学的建议……（考生自己发挥，至少写一点）注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；2.必须包括表格中所有相关信息，可适当发挥，使全文连贯、通顺；3.文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。IamLiHua._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwishourschoolwillconsidermyadvice.参考答案：1．C2．C3．B4．C5．C【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐和语言能力之间的联系，音乐有助于培养大脑的某种语言能力。1．段落大意题。根据“playingamusicalinstrumentcanimproveaperson’shearingability.”以及通读第二段可知，本段主要阐述演奏乐器可以提高一个人的听力。故选C。2．词句猜测题。根据“Forexample,whentheviolinistsplayinanorehestra(管弦乐队),theymustlistencloselytowhattheyareplayingandignoretheothersounds.”以及“musicianscanhearcertainsoundsbetter,eveninaroomwithlotsofnoise.”可知，音乐家可以更好地听到某些声音，必须要认真聆听所演奏的音乐，而要忽略掉其他声音。可推测出“ignore”意为“忽视，不在意”。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据“Dr.Schlaugwassurprisedtofindsingingwordshelpedhispatientsfinallyspeak.”可知，Dr.Schlaug通过让病人唱歌词帮助中风病人开口说话。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据“‘Playinganinstrumentorsinging,’saysNinaKraus,‘canhelpusdobetterinschoolandkeepourbrainsharpaswegetolder.’”可知，NinaKraus是同意西北大学的研究结果的。故选C。5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了音乐和语言能力之间的联系，音乐有助于培养大脑的某种语言能力。C选项“音乐与语言能力”最适合作本文标题。故选C。6．D7．C8．B9．A【导语】本文主要讲述的是BBC文化网站最近的一篇文章指出，几乎我们所有人都是一个群体的一部分。这个群体定义了我们是谁，甚至我们如何说话，每个群体都有自己的“秘密语言”。6．细节理解题。根据短文第一段“wouldyouunderstandwhathemeant?Probablynot,butmanynative(本土的)speakersmaynotknowwhatthispersonwassayingeither.”可知，文章开头举的这个例子，很多以英语为母语的人可能也不知道什么意思，由此可见，一个群体中所说的语言是非常难以理解的。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据短文第三段“So,whatexactlyismeantby“tribe”?ArecentarticleontheBBCCulturewebsitepointedoutthatnearlyallofusareapartofatribe.Thisisagroupthatdefines(定义)whoweareandevenhowwespeak.”可知，“tribe”指的是我们所处的一个群体，它定义了我们是谁、如何说话。故选C。8．细节理解题。根据第六段“Thesesecretwordsdon’talwaysstaywithintheirtribes,however.Wordsfrommanytribes,especiallymusicalculturessuchasrapandhiphop,oftenenterpeople’severydayvocabulary.”可知，许多“秘密语言”并不总是留在他们的部落内。来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。故选B。9．推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，SusieDent写道，“我们都被神奇的秘密语言包围着，充满了历史、故事和笑话。有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束。”由此可知，他对这种“秘密语言”的未来是充满自信的。故选A。10．learning11．French12．e13．helps14．English【分析】短文简单地介绍英国孩子学习外语的情况。10．句意：孩子们每周花一个小时学这种语言。考查固定搭配。spend“花费”，常用结构：spendsometimedoingsth.“花费……（时间）做某事”。根据上文及首字母提示可知，此空填learning，“学习”，动名词。故答案为learning。11．句意：当他们读到高中，他们继续学习法语。考查专有名词。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此空填French，“法语”，专有名词，首字母大写，且其前用零冠词。故答案为French。12．句意：人们不再说这种语言，但是许多英语词汇和结构来源于这种语言。考查动词短语。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此空填e，与from构成动词短语，与befrom同义，“源自，来自”。句子主语为复数，所以谓语动词用原形。故答案为e。13．句意：精通拉丁语有助于提高你的英语水平。考查主谓一致。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此空填helps，“帮助”。动名词短语“havingagoodknowledgeofLatin”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为helps。14．句意：……因为英语已成为国际语言……考查专有名词。根据下文及首字母提示可知，此空填English，“英语”，专有名词，首字母大写，且其前用零冠词。故答案为English。15．(h)ow16．(p)rovide17．(c)ulture18．(b)etter19．(m)ethods20．(r)eviews21．(s)eems22．(l)ose23．(f)orce24．(c)lose【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些学好英语的方法。15．句意：这取决于你是怎么做的。根据下文“Tobeginwith…Finally”可知，此处指的是学英语到底是难还是有趣，取决于你怎么做。根据首字母h及句意提示，空格处应填意为“怎么样”的how，符合句意，故填(h)ow。16．句意：你必须选择一些能给你带来挑战的东西。根据下文“Sorenewyourlibrarycard,chooseyourfavoriteEnglishmagazinesorgoonline”可知，要学好英语，就要选择一些能给你带来挑战的东西。providesb.withsth.意为“向某人提供某物”，符合句意，且位于情态动词can之后，故动词provide应用原形。故填(p)rovide。17．句意：了解英美文化也是语言学习的一部分。根据下文“apartoflanguagelearning”可知，了解英美文化也是语言学习的一部分。根据首字母c及句意提示，空格处应填意为“文化”的culture，符合句意，故填(c)ulture。18．句意：你就能更好地理解和记忆这些表达或情景。根据下文“ifyouknowacoupleofpatterns,booksorpoems”可知，如果你知道一些模式、书籍或诗歌，你就能更好地理解和记忆这些表达或情景。根据首字母b及句意提示，空格处应填意为“更好的”better，符合句意，故填(b)etter。19．句意：有一些方法可以做到这一点。根据上文“Whereandhow,youmightask”可知，此处是指有一些方法可以做到这一点。根据首字母m及句意提示，空格处应填意为“方法”的method，空格前为some，故method应用复数形式，故填(m)ethods。20．句意：当你有自己的想法时，可以发表一些评论。根据上文“Ifyoudon’twanttowrite,readotherpeople’sblogsorarticlesinEnglish”可知，如果不想写，可以读别人的英语博客和文章，当你有自己的想法时，可以发表一些评论。根据首字母r及句意提示，空格处应填意为“评论”的review，空格前为some，故review应用复数形式，故填(r)eviews。21．句意：这似乎是最困难的部分。根据上文“InthismunityyoucanshareyourthoughtsinEnglish”可知，此处指的是用英语分享自己的想法看上去似乎是最困难的部分。seemtobe意为“好像是……”，空格前为Thisusually，句子应用一般现在时