由关系副词引导的定语从句（精讲精练） 原卷版

2/2由关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句先行词关系副词在从句中的作用与“介词＋关系代词”的关系表示时间的名词：time,day,year等。when作时间状语＝at/in/on/duringwhich表示地点、场所的名词：park,place,country,house等。where作地点状语＝in/at/to/onwhich表示原因的名词：thereasonwhy作原因状语＝forwhich1.when，表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day,hour,year等。e.g.July4thisthedaywhenAmericanscelebratetheirindependence.(7月4日是美国人庆祝独立的日子。)2.where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表永她点的名词，如place，factory,house,village等。e.g.Thecitywherehelivesisverybeautiful.(他居住的城市非常美丽。)3.why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason这个词。e.g.ThatisthereasonwhyIdidn'tgototheparty.(那就是我没有去参加派对的原因。)I.关系副词wherewhere表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，factory,house,village等。将1.2两句话连成一句：1.Thehotelwasveryclean(那家旅馆很干净。)2Westayedatthehotel.(我呆在那家旅馆。)Thehotelwherewestayedwasveryclean.where在从句中代替atthehotel,作地点状语【误区提示】当行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which,不用关系副词Where)当Position，Point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当光行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同的角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。II.关系副词whenwhen表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day,hour,year等。I'llneverforgetthetimewhenwefirstmet.(我永远不会忘记我们第一次相遇时的情景）【误区提示】当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，则用when引导；若关系词在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语，则用that或which引导。Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that/which作spent的宾语)III.关系副词whywhy表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason这个词。ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasthatIworkedhard.(我获得一份工作的原因是我工作努力。)why在从句中代替reason，作原因状语可以用关系代词表述Thereason(that)/forwhichIgotajobwasthatlworkedhard.【误区提示】若替代先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或者宾语，则用that/which引导定语从句。Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that,不用why)专项训练一、单项选择1．Itwasinthevillage____________helived____________wemetbychance.A．that;that B．that;where C．where;that D．where;where2．Hasthedoctoreverencounteredacase____hewasunabletocurethepatient____theirlong-standingillness?A．that;of B．when;with C．inwhich;with D．where;of3．Adults,____overlyconcernedwithfameandfortune,sometimesfailtoseethejoyinsimplethings____childrendonot.A．unless;but B．when;where C．although;and D．evenif;unless4．_________wasknowntousallthatJohnfellintothecondition_________hisheartdisqualifiedhimformilitaryservice.A．As;which B．What;that C．It;where D．It;that5．Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A．which;and B．and;which C．that;where D．and;where6．Doesanyoneknowthereason______herefusedtosignthedocument?A．why B．which C．that D．who7．Facedwithmanydilemmasshehadtomakehardchoices,LinQiaozhialwaysputothersfirst.A．as B．that C．where D．when8．Plantsgetthenutritionfromthesoil______theygrow.A．what B．which C．that D．where9．TheSpaceCampisaneducationalcamp______childrencanlearnaboutspacetravelandhavelunchwithanastronaut.A．how B．where C．that D．as10．Mymothercanalwayscreateapleasantfamilyatmosphere________allmemberscareforeachother.A．which B．when C．where D．that11．StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A．that B．where C．why D．which12．Finning,atypeoffishing________sharksarecaughtandtheirfinscutoff,killsmillionsofsharkseveryyear.A．that B．which C．where D．when13．GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinXi’an—thecity________onceIworkedfortenyearsisnolonger________itwas.A．that;what B．inwhich;that C．where;what D．/;that14．Itwasinthisimportantcompetition________Igotsecondplace________Irealizedmyhardworkindeedchangedmycareerpath.A．when;that B．where;thatC．where;when D．that;where15．—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber’s______Igo.It’sonly15.A．which B．that C．who D．where二、语法填空16．Manycountriesaresettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.17．I’llneverforgetthedayIwonthefirstprizeinthe100-metreraceinschool.18．Thereusedtobearestaurantthisstorestands—Brady’srestaurant.19．Gonearethedayssurgerymeantcuttingapatientopen.Modernmedicineoffersdoctorslessinvasivetoolstooperateondisease-strickenbodies.20．Hetoldusthedayshewasyoungweregone.21．ThisisthelasttimeI’llgiveyoualesson.22．Thereasonhewaslatewasunclear.23．Thisisthereasonhewaslateforthemeeting.24．Creatinganatmospherestudentsfeelfreetoexpressthemselvesisabigchallengeforusteachers.25．Thisisthehousetheinventorlived.26．Wehavecometothepointeveryonehasdifferentopinions.27．Winterwasanawesometimeancientpeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind.28．Theyhavebuiltaparkinglotneartheneighborhood,thereisachargeforparking.29．Theymadearesolutiontogoonahiketoaplacetherewasneithernoisenorpollution.30．Asyoucansee,thereasonI'mheretotellthestoryis31．Iwon’tforgetthethreeyearsIlivedonthefarmwithfarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.32．Theteachertriestocreateanatmospherethestudentslikestudying.33．Thereisnosimpleanswer,isoftenthecaseinscience.34．Disney,moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewfilmcompany.35．Seaice,polarbearsspendmuchoftheirlives,ismeltingfasterthanexpertspredicteditwould.36．Snowfellinthepolarregions,itdidn’tmeltbutcollectedtogreatdepths.37．Onemajorbreakthroughcamein1990,theHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunched.38．Thefinalproofcamewhenanenormousshipyard(discover)inNanjing,thefleethadbeenbuilt.39．Morenature-centredtouristattractions,manandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpacted.三、翻译40．史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。(非限制性定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________41．我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你住的城市开会。（where引导定语从句）(汉译英)_________________________________________________