2025版新教材高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价5必修第一册UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS含解析新人教版

PAGE课时质量评价(五)必修第一册UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空A(2024·江西临川九校联考)AftercollegeIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworld,soIbecameavolunteerteacherand1.________(send)toNamibia.Honestly,myfirstchoicewasn'tAfrica,butnowIamextremelygratefulthatIhadthechance.Sowithagroupof2.________(equal)eageryounggraduates,Iwentonmyjourney.Schoolswerequitebare,andthestudents3.________(have)tiringdays,walkingseveralmilestogettoschooloftenbarefoot.Despitetheirmountains4.________workathome,few5.________(possession)andlittleopportunity,thesechildrenwerejoyful,whichIadmired.This6.________(be)myfirsttimelivingabroadinadifferentculture,simplygettingusedtothelivingconditionswas7.________bigadjustment.Ihadnoelectricity,runningwater,phoneorInternet.Imaginetherewasnoairconditioningataplace8.________thetemperatureoftengoesbeyond38degreesCelsius!Sometimesitwasjusttoohottomove.However,Icouldendeachdaywitha9.________(glory)Africansunset.Andatnight,Ihadalight­pollution­freeviewoftheentireMilkyWay.BeforeNamibia,IhadneverthoughtIwouldsurviveinsuchanenvironment.Myexperienceawakenedmetonotonlythelimitations10.________(place)onourselves,butalsoouramazingabilitytoadapt.Steppingoutofyourcomfortzoneinanotherculturewillcertainlymakeyourlifeworthwhile.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者高校毕业后到非洲当志愿老师的经验以及作者的感悟。1.wassent考查时态和语态。依据语境可知，主语I和send为被动关系，且此处讲解并描述过去发生的故事应运用一般过去时，故填wassent。2.equally考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词，故填equally。3.had考查时态。叙述过去发生的事，此处应运用一般过去时，故填had。4.of考查介词。mountainsof...为固定短语，意为“大堆……”，故填of。5.possessions考查名词单复数。possession一般用复数形式，表示“财产；全部物”，由空前的few可知填possessions。6.being考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，分句之间无连词，且两个分句有各自的(逻辑)主语，此处应为独立主格结构，设空处用非谓语动词形式，故填being。7.a考查冠词。adjustment可作可数名词，此处泛指“一个很大的调整”，应运用不定冠词，且big以辅音音素开头，故填a。8.where考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，故填where。9.glorious考查形容词。此处应运用形容词修饰名词短语，故填glorious。10.placed考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰limitations，且limitations和place为逻辑上的被动关系，故填placed。BHurricaneKatrinawasoneofthedeadliesthurricanesevertohittheUnitedStates.About1,833peoplediedinthehurricaneandthefloodsthat1.________(follow)inlateAugust2005,andmillionsofotherswereleft2.________(home)alongtheGulfCoastandinNewOrleans.Katrinaformedabout200milessoutheastoftheBahamasonAug.23,2005.Bythetimeitmade3.________(it)waytosouthernFloridaonAug.25,KatrinawasjustaCategoryOnehurricane.Whileitcausedsomefloodsandtwodeathsduringitsfirstlandfall,itappearedtobejustanotherhurricaneinan4.________(act)hurricaneseason.5.________(surprising),KatrinastrengthenedintoaCategoryFivehurricaneonAug.28,withwinds6.________(blow)atabout280kph.TheNationalGuardwascalledintohelppeopleleavedangerousareas.ThousandslookedforshelterintheNewOrleansConventionCentre,7.________wasextremelycrowded.Governmentofficialshavetriedtolearnfromthedisasterandcarriedoutbetterenvironmentalandcommunicationplans.TheArmyCorpsofEngineershasrebuiltthelevee(堤坝)system,makingit8.________(high).ThecityofNewOrleanshasimprovedpeople'saccess9.________disasterinformation.Forexample,theyhave10.________emailandtextmessagesystemcalledNolaReadythat13,000peoplehavesignedupfor.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2005年在美国新奥尔良市发生的超级飓风卡特里娜给当地人带来的巨大苦痛。1.followed考查时态。此处叙述的是2005年发生的事情，要运用一般过去时。2.homeless考查形容词。所填的词作主语补足语，对主语millionsofothers进行补充说明，所以用homeless。3.its考查代词。短语makeone'swayto意为“前往……”，此处运用its代替主语it。4.active考查形容词。所填的词作定语修饰名词hurricaneseason，所以用形容词形式。5.Surprisingly考查副词。所填的词作状语修饰整个句子，所以用副词形式。6.blowing考查非谓语动词。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构。当宾语和作宾语补足语的动词构成主动关系的时候，要运用动词­ing形式作宾语补足语。7.which考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词theNewOrleansConventionCentre，在句中作主语。8.higher考查比较级。本句运用比较级表示与过去相比，现在的堤坝更高，故填higher。9.to考查介词。haveaccessto...意为“有权进入，可以运用”，是固定搭配。10.an考查冠词。此处泛指一个邮件和短信系统，email以元音音素开头，故填an。Ⅱ.依据提示补全句子1.噪音好像是从楼下传过来的。(asif)It_seems_as_ifthenoisecomesfromdownstairs.2.由于种种缘由，很多学生已养成了熬夜的习惯，这对他们的健康有很坏的影响。(effect)Forvariousreasons,manystudentshavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate,whichhas_a_bad_effect_on_their_health.3.为了保持健康，他给自己定了一个规则——晚饭后漫步。(makeit＋n.＋todo...)Tokeepfit,hemakes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walkaftersupper.4.为何你不让他留意到你因病得太厉害而不能接着工作呢？(too...to...)Whydon'tyoubringittohisattentionthatyouare_too_ill_to_go_on_working?5.全部的店员都很难相处，这对你们的声誉极其有害。(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo...)Alltheshopassistantsare_hard_to_get_along_with,_whichdoesgreatharmtoyourreputation.B组·实力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·山东日照联考)RescueworkersandthousandsofvolunteersarenottheonlyoneswhohavewonheartsandmindsfortheirheroiceffortsinthesearchforsurvivorsafterTuesday'spowerfulearthquakeinMexico.Fifteendogsfromthenavy'scanine(军犬)unithaveassistedthisweekintherescueeffortsatthesitesofcollapsedbuildingsacrossMexicoCity,wheremorethan50peoplehavebeenpulledalivefromtheruins.OfthecanineheroesnoneismorefamousorlovedthanFrida,asix­year­oldwhiteLabradorwhoinherdistinguishedservicehaswonpraiseforherabilitytodetectpeoplewhohavebeentrappedbyvariousnaturaldisasters.Overheradmirablecareershehasfound52peopleincluding12survivorsinMexicoandotherLatinAmericancountries.Thisweek,FridaandEvilandEcho—twoBelgianShepherdsthathavealsobeenspeciallytrainedforrescueefforts—weresenttothesiteofthecollapsedEnriqueRebsamenSchoolinsouthernMexicoCity.Equippedwithgoggles(护目镜)thatprotecthereyesfromdustandsmoke,bootstopreventdamagetoherpawswhilesheclimbsoverroughruins,Fridatooktoherworklookingovereverypartoftheruins.“IfFridadetectsthepresenceofasurvivor,sheistrainedtobarktoalertrescueworkers,butifshedetectsacorpse,shestopssuddenlybeforeproceeding，”herhandlerexplained.Elevenchildrenwererescuedfromtheruinsattheschool,butthistimehumanrescueworkersratherthanthedogsweretheoneswholocatedthem.However,thathasn'tstoppedFridafrombecomingasocialmediastarandreachinganewleveloffamethisweek.VideosandothersocialmediapoststhathighlighttheworkofFridaandherimpressiverecordsofdetectingpeopletrappedbynaturaldisastersspreadquicklyonline.Whileshehasyettodetectanyonetrappedintheruinsthisweek,sheandotherrescuedogsarecontinuingtoworktirelessly,searchingthroughspacesthathumanscannotreach.Withthepossibilitythattherearestillpeopletrappedalive,timewilltellwhethersheaddstoherrescuerecords.1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SevereEarthquakesinMexicoB.UndertakingRescueWorkC.PeopleWaitingforRescueD.SpecialRescuersinMexico2.WhatmakesFridaasocialmediastar?A.Herrescuerecordsandtirelesswork.B.Hercooperationwiththerescueteam.C.Hercoolappearancewithsomespecialdevices.D.Herabilitytosearchspacesbeyondhumans'reach.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“corpse”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Anarticleofclothing.B.Anunconsciousanimal.C.Adeadperson.D.Aspecialsignal.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.FridawillachievenothingB.FridawillprobablyworkmiraclesC.moredogswillbesenttotheareaD.therestoftherescuewillbedonebydogs【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了在墨西哥发生剧烈地震后，来自海军军犬队的十五条军犬参加了救援工作，其中Frida获得了大量关注。1.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，在墨西哥发生剧烈地震后，并不是只有救援人员和成千上万的志愿者参加了救援行动，来自海军军犬队的十五条军犬也参加了救援工作。故选D。2.A细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“VideosandothersocialmediapoststhathighlighttheworkofFridaandherimpressiverecordsofdetectingpeopletrappedbynaturaldisastersspreadquicklyonline.”可知，使Frida成为社交媒体明星的是它的营救记录和孜孜不倦的工作，故选A。3.C词义揣测题。依据画线词前的“thepresenceofasurvivor”和转折连词but可推断画线词corpse与survivor意义相反，其意思为“尸体”，故选C。4.B推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Whileshehasyettodetectanyonetrappedintheruinsthisweek,sheandotherrescuedogsarecontinuingtoworktirelessly,searchingthroughspacesthathumanscannotreach.”可知，Frida可能会创建奇迹，故选B。Ⅱ.七选五HowtoManageHolidayStressAstheholidayseasonapproaches,Iencouragemypatientstoaskthemselvesiftheglassishalffullorhalfempty.Howwemanagetheholidaysmayhaveasmuchtodowithourexpectationsasourresources.1Yourneighboursarethrowingaholidayparty,andthey'veaskedyoutomakeallofthedesserts.2Whileyoufeelveryoverwhelmed,youfeelasenseofobligation(义务)topleaseothers.Insituationslikethese,Iadvisemypatientstotakeastepbackandrememberthatthey'renotsupermen.Don'tlet“supposedtodo”taketheplaceofwhatyouwouldliketodo.Toreducepressure,trytokeepyourlifesimplebytalkingwithfamilymembersorfriendsbeforemakingdecisions.3Italsohelpstogetpreparedforsomeproblems.Thisgoesbacktomanagingexpectations.Preparefortheunexpectedandknowthatsomeproblemsarepossiblesuchastrafficorforgettingapresentforafamilymember.4Theholidayscanalsobeatimeofyearthatbringsunpleasantmemoriessuchassadeventsoranniversaries.Forsomewhohaveexperiencedabuse,holidayactivitiescanleadtounpleasantmemories.5Makethemostofthem.Lookforeasy,socialandcomfortingwaystocelebrate.Gettogetherwithfamilyandfriendstobakewhilelisteningtogreatmusicortohelpyoungerchildrenmakecraftsfortheirpresentswhilewatchinganoldmovie.Theseactivitiescanreducestressandcanalsobeeasyonyourbudget.A.Rememberthattheholidaysareasshortaslife.B.Itisnotagoodideatogiveintoothers'requests.C.Itisimportanttoberealisticaboutwhatyouwant.D.Butyouwanttospendtimewithyourfamilybaking.E.Spareyourtimewithyourfamilyduringtheholiday.F.Thiswillhelpyoutospendtheholidayswhatyouwant.G.Mostimportantly,don'tblameyourselfforwhatgoeswrong.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。随着假日的到来，有些人感到惊慌担心，如何才能开心地度过假期呢？作者在文中给我们提出了建议。1.C上一句谈到如何度假与自己的实际状况有关，C项“对自己想要什么实事求是是很重要的”说明白这个道理。空前的“ourexpectations”与C项中的“whatyouwant”对应。2.D上一句中的“邻居让你做全部的甜点”及下文的“尽管你感到特殊不知所措，但你觉得自己有义务去取悦别人”示意着“在假期，你也有自己想做的事情”。故选D。3.F依据本段首句的“Insituationslikethese”可知，作者提出了应对的建议，做确定之前与家人、挚友交谈，这可以帮助你用自己想要的方式度假。故选F。4.G上文谈到可能会有一些不开心的事情出现，与G项中的“whatgoeswrong”对应。5.A下文谈到要充分利用假期，好好享受假期，说明“假期就像生命一样短暂”，故选A。Ⅲ.完形填空Ishallneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquaketookplace.Itwasabout5o'clockintheafternoonandIwas1tomydaughter'sschool.Ourplanwastogo2together.I'dstoppedata3togetsomefreshfruit.Weliketohavesomefruittoeat4ourswim.Iwasdrivingalongahighroadontheway.5myroadwasanotherroadwhichwasbuiltlikea6.IwashungrysoIputthebagofapples7meandstartedtoeatone.8Isawthecarsinfrontofmestartto9fromsidetoside.Thenmycarstartedtoshake!Ididn'tknowwhatwashappening.Perhapssomethinghad10wrongwithmycar.IdrovealittlemoreslowlyandthenI11thecarandatthesamemomenttheroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme.Ifoundmyselfinthe13.Icouldn'tmove.MylegsandfeetwerehurtingbadlyandIcouldn'tmovethem.Allroundmewas14，butabovemeIcouldhearshoutsandalotofnoise.ThenImemorisedwhathadhappened.Ihadbeen15anearthquake.1.A.driving B.leadingC.walking D.running2.A.shopping B.dancingC.swimming D.sightseeing3.A.farm B.shopC.park D.school4.A.after B.duringC.since D.once5.A.Under B.AlongC.Over D.Beside6.A.bridge B.roofC.cover D.top7.A.under B.alongC.inside D.beside8.A.Finally B.ActuallyC.Suddenly D.Slowly9.A.move B.rollC.burst D.jump10.A.been B.brokenC.gone D.done11.A.parked B.startedC.moved D.stopped12.A.put B.ranC.fell D.jumped13.A.dark B.afternoonC.sun D.car14.A.noisy B.dustyC.quiet D.bloody15.A.on B.atC.by D.in【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者在去女儿学校的路上遇到地震的情形。1.A依据下文中的“Iwasdriving...”可知，“我”正开着车。2.C依据下文中的“ourswim”可知，“我们”安排一起去游泳。3.B依据下文中的“getsomefreshfruit”可知，在一家商店那里停车去买些簇新水果。4.A“我们”喜爱游泳后吃些水果。5.C依据下文中的“theroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme”可知，在道路上还有一条道路。6.A由下文可知，发生了地震，路塌了，砸到了“我”的车，由此可知“我”开车走的路上方应当是一条像桥一样的道路。7.D“我”饿了，因此把那袋苹果放在“我”旁边。8.C突然“我”望见前面的汽车起先左右摇摆。suddenly“突然”，符合语境。9.A汽车在路上左右摇摆。10.C依据上文中的“Thenmycarstartedtoshake！”可知，作者认为可能自己的车出了故障。11.D“我”把车速放慢，然后停了下来。12.C依据上文中的“5myroadwasanotherroadwhichwasbuiltlikea...”可知，上面的道路掉了下来。fall“掉落”，符合语境。13.A依据上文中的“...theroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme.”可推断出“我”被埋在了路下，因此“我”发觉自己处于黑暗之中。14.C依据下文可知“我”四周特别宁静。quiet“宁静的”。15.D依据第一句“Ishallneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquaketookplace.”可知，“我”遇到了地震。Ⅳ.语法填空Despitemanylawsandnationalparkstoprotecttigers,theirhabitatscontinuetobedestroyedandtheyarestillhunted.1.(sad),tigersareamongthemostendangeredspeciesintheworldnowadays.Altogether,therearenomorethan5,000tigers2.(leave)inthewild.Somethinkthatthetigerisalreadytothepointof3.(die)outinthewild.Therearemanyreasons4.this,likehabitatlossandhunting.Overtheyears,anumberofsteps5.(take)tohelppreservethetigerpopulation.TheWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)protectswildlifeandhabitats.TodayWC