热点05阅读理解之名著阅读-2023年中考英语专练(原卷版)

热点05阅读理解之名著阅读热点（解析版）（建议用时：30分钟）阅读理解题命题旨在考查学生通过阅读，来获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的能力，包括归纳概括题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等），词义猜想题等。所选题材涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理、科学技术等方面，体裁丰富如记叙文、说明文、新闻报道、广告通知、操作说明、表格型等。

一、通读全⽂，抓两个重点：1、看⾸段(主题句、核⼼概念常在第⼀段，常在⾸段出题)。2、其他各段的段⾸和段尾句。(其他部分略读，有重点的读)⼆、抓住中⼼，⽤⼀分半时间思考3个问题：1、⽂章叙述的主要内容是什么?2、⽂章中有⽆提到核⼼概念?3、作者的⼤致态度是什么?三、仔细审题，返回原⽂。(仔细看题⼲，把每道题和原⽂的某处建⽴联系，挂起钩等）1、定位原则通常是由题⼲出发，使⽤寻找关键词定位原则。(关键词：⼤写字母、地名、时间、数字等)。2、⾃然段定位原则：出题的顺序与⾏⽂的顺序是基本⼀致的，⼀般每段对应⼀题。要树⽴定位意识，每⼀题、每⼀选项都要回到原⽂中某⼀处定位。3、题⼲返回原⽂：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的关键词，把选项定位到原⽂的某处⽐较，重叠选项，选出答案。4、逆向推理原则：检查时要给你自己选⼀个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由。名著阅读、医疗科技、艺人直播带货，环境保护等请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。一、2022年盐城市中考英语阅读理解Hewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinaboatandhehadgoneeighty﹣fourdaysnowwithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafish，theboy'sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowexactlyandfinallysalao，whichistheworstformofunlucky，andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmaneineachdaywithhisboatemptyandbealwayswentdowntohelphimcarryfishingtools.Theoldmanwasthinwithdeepwrinkles（皱纹）inthebackofhisneck.Hishandshadthedeepscars（疤）fromdealingwithheavyfish.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolourastheseaandwerecheerfulandfullofconfidence."Santiago，"theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedfromthebankwheretheboatwaspulledup."Icouldgowithyouagain.We'vemadesomemoney."Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim."No."theoldmansaid."You'rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem.""Butrememberhowyouwenteighty﹣sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.""Iremember，"theoldmansaid."Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly.""Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto.""Iknow."theoldmansaid."Iquiteunderstandthat.""Hehasn'tmuchfaith（信念）.""No."theoldmansaid."Butwehave.Haven'twe？""Yes."theboysaid."CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe'lltakethefishingtoolshome？""Whynot？"theoldmansaid."Betweenfishermen."TheysatontheTerraceandmanyofthefishermenmadefunoftheoldmanandhewasnotangry.Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn'tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea，theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.HowmanydaysdidtheoldmangofishingwiththeboyaccordingtoParagraph1？A.Forty.B.Forty﹣four.C.Eighty﹣four.D.Eighty﹣seven.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"referto？A.Theboywouldleavehimsoonerorlater.B.Theboyhadtolistentohisparentsandlefthim.C.Hecouldn'tcatchfishbecausehewastooold.D.Hecouldn'tsucceedwithouttheboy'ssupport.3.Whatistherightorderofthestoryabouttheboyinthepassage？①Theoldmancaughtsomebigfishwiththeboy.②Theoldmantaughttheboyhowtofishonthesea.③Theboywantedtogofishingwiththeoldmanagain.④Theboyhelpedtheoldmantakethefishingtoolshome.A.①④③②B.②①③④C.②③④①D.③④①②4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphofthestory？A.Theoldmanlikedtomakefunofotherfishermen.B.Theoldmanoftenprovidedbeerforotherfishermen.C.Allfishermenlaughedattheoldmanexcepttheboy.D.Somefishermenfeltsadfortheoldmanandtriedtohelphim.5.Fromthestorywecanknowthattheoldmanwas_________.A.amanwhooftenshowedoffB.amanwhonevergaveupC.amanwhosometimesgotangryD.amanwhoseldomstayedcalm二、2021年扬州市树人中学一模阅读理解Idecidedtoexploretheislandandsetoffcautiously（谨慎地）sothatIwasnotattacked.Ifoundaroadwithtracksofhumanfeetaswellasofcowsandhorses.Suddenly，Isawsomestrangedisgustingcreatures（生物）withlonghair.Theyweredirtyandsmelly.Theywantedtoattackme，butsuddenlyallofthemranawaywhenagreyhorsecameclose.Later，anotherlargehorsearrivedandtheybegantalkingaboutme.TheymadehorseysoundswhichwereonlyunderstoodbythemselvesandkeptcheckingmeandtouchingmyclothesandbodyIheardtheword"Yahoo"intheirconversationagainandagain.Icouldrememberthatthesehorseswerereallyintelligent（聪明）astheymunicatedinalogical（合乎逻辑的）manner.Thehorsesshowedthattheywantedtotakemesomewhere.SoIfollowedthemtoalargewoodenbuilding.Tomysurprise，thereweren'tanyhumansbuthorsesinside.Again，whentheyspokeaboutme，theword"Yahoo"wasrepeatedmanytimes.Onehorsetookmeoutside.Heretherewerethreeofthesmellycreatureswhotriedtoattackmeearlier.ThehorseputmeneatthecreaturesandIrealizedthatitwantedtoparemewiththem.AtfirstIfeltinsulted（侮辱的）tobeparedwiththesedirtyones.ButwhenIlookedcloser，Idiscoveredthattheywereexactlylikeme_______.ThecreaturesweretheYahoos，whichmeanhumanslikeme.However，whatthehorsesdidn'tunderstandwaswhyIwassosimilartothemhorses.EvenIdidn'twanttoassociate（混在一起）withthesecreatures.IimmediatelyunderstoodthatIpreferredthepanyofhorses.WhatdidIthinkofthehorses？A.Theyweredirtyandsmelly.B.Theywereafraidofme.C.Theywereintelligentenoughtomunicatewitheachother.D.Theywantedtokillmeforfood.2.Whatdoestheword"disgusting"meaninthepassage？A.horribleB.gentleC.intelligentD.wonderful3.Whichofthefollowingsentenceissuitablefortheblank？A.Thesecreatureswouldbeattackedbythehorses.B.Thecreaturesandthehorsesweresurelythesame.C.Thesedirtyandsmellycreaturesweremyownkind.D.Thehorseswouldprotectmefromattacks.4.WhydidIsay"Ipreferredthepanyofhorses"？A.Becausethenumberofhorseswerelargerthanthoseoftheothercreatures.B.Becausesomehorseswouldlookaftertheyounginagentleway.C.Becausethehorsesaremoregood﹣lookingthantheothercreatures.D.BecausehorsesaremoreintelligentandIfeltsafertostaywiththem.三、2022年无锡市东林教育集团九年级期末英语阅读理解Itisdark.Holmes，LestradeandImovetowardsthehouse."Let'swaithere，"Holmessays."Wecanhidebehindtheserocks.Watson，gotothehouseandseewhattheyaredoing.Makesuretheydon'tseeyou."Ihidebehindawall.IcanseeMr.StapletonandSirHenrysittingatatable.Then，Stapletonleavestheroomandwalkstoashedintheyard.Heopensthedoorandthereisastrangenoisefrominside.Afteraminutehelocksthedoorandgoesbackintothehouse.IhurrybacktoreporteverythingtoLestradeandHolmes.Thereisnowathickwhitefogoverthemoor."Thefogisgettingthicker，"saysHolmes."Thisisveryserious﹣SirHenrymustgohomesoon."Suddenly，wehearfootsteps.TheygetcloserandweseeSirHenrywalkingtowardsusthroughthefog.Then，wehearsomething.Aterribleanimalappears.Itisahugeblackhound.Thereisfireingfromitsmouthanditshugeeyesareglowing.ThehoundrunsafterSirHenry.HolmesandIbothfireourguns.Wehititbutthehounddoesn'tstop.ItjumpsonSirHenryandpusheshimtotheground.Holmespointshisgunandshootsthehoundfivetimes.Thegianthoundisdead.SirHenryislyingonthepath.Werumtohimandfindheisalive.Iputmyhandonthehound'sglowingfaceandfindmyownfingersglowinthedark."Phosphorous（含磷的），"Isay.WewalktowardsMerripitHousetosearchforStapleton.Inthehousewedon'tfindhim，butwefindMrs.Stapletontiedupinabedroom.Weuntieher.WhensheknowsSirHenryisaliveandthehoundisdead，shecries，"ThankGod!""Nowwehaveproof，weneedStapleton."saysHolmes.Whendidthestoryhappen？A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.D.Intheafternoon.2.WhatdoesWatsonseeStapletondointheyard？A.Hetakesthehoundforawalkintheyard.B.Helooksaroundthemoorwithatelescope.C.HedrinksandtalkswithSirHenryhappily.D.Heopensasheddoorandlocksitagainsoon.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"referto？A.SirHenryandthehound.B.SirHenry'sfootsteps.C.MrStapletonandthehound.D.MrStapleton'sfootsteps.4.Whatdoyouthinkwillhappennextinthenovel？A.Mr.StapletonwilltellHolmeswhathehasdone.B.SirHenrywillbeindangerafterreturninghome.C.Mrs.StapletonwilltakeustosearchforStapleton.D.HolmeswilltalkabouttheBaskervillecaseatonce.四、2022年盐城市大丰区中考英语一模阅读理解Whatmakesagoodreader？YoucanfindtheanswerinReadersClub.Today，wehavesomebooksforyou.eandjointhefun!TheOldManandtheSeawonthePulitzerPrizeforfictionin1953.Ayearlater，HemingwaywontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.TheOldManandtheSeaisgenerallyconsideredbymanytobehisgreatestachievement.Theleadingcharacterinthisbookisapersonwhocanfacedifficultiesandnevergiveup.Hardback（精装本）￥21.70Paperback（简装本）￥16.00Heart，writtenbyEdmondoDeAmicisfromItaly，isadiaryofanItalianboyEric.Inhisdiary，hewritesaboutthegreatestloveintheworld：loveforthenation，forthesociety，andalsoteachers'love，classmates'love，parents'love，children'slove.Hardback￥27.20Paperback￥16.40PeterPan，createdbyScottishnovelistandplaywrightJ.M.Barrie.PeterPanisayoungboywhocanflyandnevergrowsup.Hespendshisnever﹣endingchildhoodhavingadventures（冒险）onthemythicalislandofNeverlandastheleaderoftheLostBoys，playinghappilywithchildrenbothinsideandoutsideNeverland.Hardback￥22.70Paperback￥14.60CelebrityBiography，alsoknownas"ThreeGiants"，writtenbyRomainRolland，aboutthreegreatmenindifferentfields：Beethoven，MichelangeloandLeoTolstoy.Theyallsufferedalotinbodyandspirit，butneverlostconfidence.Hardback￥26.20Paperback￥15.80Clubmemberswillgetadiscount（折扣）of10%forhardbackbooksand20%forpaperbackbooks.Ifyoubuyanyofthetwohardbackbooks，e﹣bookswillbefreeforyou.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribethetopicofthebookHeart？A．Success.B．Love.C．Adventure.D．Fear.2.WhatcanwelearnfromthebooksTheOldManandtheSeaandCelebrityBiography？A．Thevalueofthefriendship.B．Theimportanceoflearning.C．Theadvantageoftheteamwork.D．Thespiritofnevergivingup.3.Asaclubmember，whichbookscanyoubuywith40yuantogetfreee﹣books？A．TwohardbackbooksHeartandCelebrityBiography.B．AhardbackbookHeartandapaperbackbookPeterPan.C．TwohardbackbooksTheOldManandtheSeaandPeterPan.D．TwopaperbackbooksTheOldManandtheSeaandCelebrityBiography.五、2022年泰州市中考英语阅读理解Ancientartdoesn'thavetobeboring.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringittolifebybining（融合）thebestoftheoldandthenew.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalWalkingintotheChinaPavilionatExpo2010inShanghai，peoplewereamazedbyseeingahugedigital（数码的）painting.Scientistsdigitised（数码化）thefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalbyChineseartistZhangZeduan.Theoriginal（原先的）paintingshowslifeduringtheNorthernSongperiodanditincludesmanydetailsofancientChinesecustoms，lifestylesandtechnology._____Farmersworkinthefields，sailorsmovearoundtheirboatsandpeopleeatanddobusinessinrestaurants.Partsofthebackgroundarealsoanimated（做成动画）.Youcanseethewindblowingthroughthetreesandacrossthewater.Theseanimationsperfectlybinemoderntechnologyandancientart.Digitaltechnologyallowstoday'sartiststoexpresstheirideasinwaysthatancientartistswouldnotbelievepossible.Techniquessuchasanimationand3Ddigitalprojection（投影）makeartealive.DunhuangCavePaintingsDunhuangCaves，whichareprotectedancienttreasuresintheGobidesertinNorthwestChina，arefilledwithpaintingsandsculptureswithlastingvalue.Thisartworkwascreatedoveraperiodofaround1，000years.Thegoodnewsisforartloverswhocannottravelandforthecaves.Scientistshavecreateda360﹣degree，3Ddigitalprojectionofthecaves，whichmakestheartworkealive.Thereisalsoafunction（功能）thatletsviewerszoominandenjoythepaintingsandsculpturesingreaterdetail.Digitisingancientartallowsustoexploretheancientpractices.Italsomakesthewholeworldunderstandtheartwhileprotectingtheoriginalartworksforthefuture.1.Fromthepassage，wecanknowthat__________.A.bothofthetwoartworksuse3DdigitalprojectionB.ancientartallowspeopletoexplorethemoderntechnologyC.peoplecan'tgotoDunhuangtoenjoypaintingsandsculpturesnowD.thedigitalpainting，AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalwascreatedbyZhangZeduan2.Whichsentencemaybethebesttofillinthe"_____"？A.Inthedigitalpainting，alotofthesedetailsareanimated.B.Inthedigitalpainting，alotofthesescenesarewellknown.C.Inthedigitalpainting，moredetailsoftheartcanbeenjoyed.D.Inthedigitalpainting，manydifferentstylesofartcanbeseen.3.Theunderlinedphrase"zoomin"means__________inChinese.A.使（镜头）抬高B.使（镜头）拉近C.使（镜头）俯视D.使（镜头）远离4.Fromthepassage，wecaninfer（推断）that_________.A.studyingancientartasmuchaspossibleisverynecessaryB.goodartmustbinemoderntechnologyandancientartC.protectingtheancientartworksismoreimportantthandevelopingtechnologyD.morevaluableancientartworkswillbeprotectedbetterwithtechnologyinthefuture5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage？A.EnjoyingAncientArtB.ProtectingModernTechnologyC.DigitisingAncientArtD.UnderstandingModernTechnology六、2023年中考英语模拟考试阅读理解1China'sShenzhou﹣13crewmembers，ZhaiZhigang，WangYapingandYeGuangfulivestreamed（直播）thefirstsciencelecturefromthecountry'sspacestationonThursday，December9，2021，whichamazedmanystudentsontheearth.Allcrewmembersgreetedstudents，teachersandotherparticipantswhenthelecturestarted.Theyshowedviewershowtheylivedandworkedinsidethespacestation，whichcurrentlyincludesacoremodule（核心舱），aspacecraftandtworoboticcargospaceships.Theastronautsshowedtheirexerciseequipmentandaspeciallydesignedpacesuitandconducteddemonstrations（演示）onphysicalphenomena（现象）inmicrogravity，suchas"disappearingbuoyancy（浮力）"anda"waterball".Ye，whoisonhisfirstspaceflight，showedhowherotated（旋转）hisbodyintheweightlessenvironment.Theastronautsalsoansweredquestionsfromstudentsduringthelecture.TensofmillionsofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsacrossChinawatchedthetelevisedeventhostedbytheChinaMannedSpaceAgency，theMinistryofEducationandothergovernmentdepartments.ItwasthefirstlectureoftheTiangongClass，China'sfirstextraterrestrial（外显的）lectureseriestopopularizepacescience.Morelectureswillbeheldbasedonthecountry'smannedspaceflightsandwillalsobepresentedbyChineseastronauts.theMannedSpaceAgencysaid.Suchactivitiesaimtospreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsandsparkenthusiasm（热情）forscienceamongyoungpeople.ShiYi，aphysicsteacherfromTianjin，saidthespacelecturewasaneye﹣openingexperiencethatwoulddevelopstudents'interestinscience.WangYishan，afifth﹣gradestudentattheBeijingNo.101MiddleSchool，said，"Theastronauts'experimentsreallyinterestedandsurprisedme.Ihavegreatinterestinspaceflightandwouldliketotakepantinourcountry'sspaceexplorationprograminthefuture."VincentWongWai﹣shing，headmasterofHongkong'sPuiKiuCollege，saidtheeventgaveHongKongstudentsachancetomunicatewiththeastronautswhiledevelopingtheirinterestinspaceandscience."Italsohelpedtostrengthentheirsenseofnationalidentity（民族认同）astheysawtherapidprogressofourcountry'sspacetechnology，"hesaid.1..Whatisthespacestationmadeupofatpresent？A.Acoremodule，aspacecraftandtworoboticcargospaceships.B.Acoremodule，awaterball，andtworoboticcargospaceshipsC.Acoremodule，aspacecraftandaspeciallydesignedspacesuit.D.Aexerciseequipment，awaterballanddisappearingbuoyancy2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"microgravity"inParagraph3meaninChinese？A.微软 B.微循环 C.微生物 D.微重力3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthepurposeofholdingmorelecturesonChina'smannedspaceflight？①Itwillspreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflights.②Itwillamazestudentsontheearth.③Itwillignitestudents'interestinscience.④Itwillsparkenthusiasmforscienceamongyoungpeople.A.①②③B.①②③④C.①③④D.②③④4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Thespacelecturereducedstudents'interestinscienceandastronauts.B.HongKongstudentswouldliketotakepartinspaceexplorationprograminthefuture.C.TheeventgaveVincentWongWai﹣shingachancetomunicatewiththeastronaut.D.TheeventisoneofChina'sfirstextraterrestriallectureseries.七、2023年中考英语模拟考试阅读理解2ThemusicbandColdplayistakingactionstoprotecttheenvironment.Thisincludesusingtheirfans'energytohelpprovideelectricityfortheirperformances.Inthisway，theyuseelectricitywithoutaddingcarbongases（碳气体）totheair.ThebandhopestocuttheamountofCO2givenoutbyitsbusinessactivitiesby50percent.TheColdplaystarshaveaddedspecialdancefloorsandenergy﹣storingbicyclestotheirlatestworldtourperformance.Thepurposeistogetfanstohelpproduceelectric