重庆市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含答案）

重庆市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读理解Chinatown,lyinginDowntownL.A.nearthecity'sculturalcenter,isoneofL.A.'smostpopulartouristdestinations.Don'thesitatetoexploreeverycornerofthisamazingplace.AMECCAFORFOODInChinatown,amixofnewandoldrestaurantsmeetseveryone'sneeds.YoucanfinddimsumatOceanSeafoodandtastybanhmiatGoldenLakeEatery.ThecuisineinChinatowngoesbeyondAsianfood.PeoplearestillliningupforfriedchickenatHowlin'Ray's.EarlybirdsshouldstopbyPhilippeTheOriginal,alocalrestaurantthat'sbelovedforFrenchDipsandwiches,butalsoservesagoodclassicAmericanbreakfast.NightowlswillwanttoheadtoFullHouseSeafoodonHillStreet,whichisopenlateintothenight.CHINESEAMERICANMUSEUMFoodisfarfromtheonlyreasontovisitChinatown.PeopleinterestedinhistorywillwanttostarttheirtripattheChineseAmericanMuseum(CAM),lyingjustoutsideofChinatownatElPueblodeLosAngelesHistoricalMonument.ThemuseumishousedAntheGarnierBuilding,theoldestsurvivingChinesebuildinginamajorareaofCalifornia.CENTRALPLAZAAbigstatueofBruceLeehasbecomeamust-photographsiteinChinatown'sCentralPlaza.ThelatemartialartsstaroncehadastudioinChinatownat628W.CollegeSt.NearbyisDragonChasingPearl,whichwasoriginallypaintedonthewallin1941byTyrusWong,Theartist,whopassedawayinDecember2016atage106,wasfamousforhisworkinfilms,particularlyastheleadartistonDisney'sBambi.FESTIVALSChinatownhostsmanyparty-styleeventsthroughouttheyear,likethemusicandfoodtruckChinatownSummerNights,theyearlyMoonFestivalandthebiggestone,LunarNewYear!It'sreallyagoodplacetoexperienceL.A.'sculturaldiversity.1．WhichservesFrenchandAmericanfoodearlyinthemorning?A．OceanSeafood. B．GoldenLakeEatery.C．FullHouseSeafood. D．PhilippeTheOriginal.2．WhatcanwelearnabouttheCAM?A．ItistheoldestmuseuminCalifornia.B．ItissituatedinthecenterofChinatown.C．Ithashugeattractionforhistory-lovers.D．ItliesnearthefamousGarnierBuilding.3．WhatcanpeopledoinChinatown'sCentralPlaza?A．AdmireTyrusWong'swell-knownartwork.B．CommentonsomeDisneyfilmslikeBambi.C．VisitBruceLee'shouseat628W.CollegeSt.D．Takegrouppictureswithsomemartialartsstars.阅读理解Myheightembarrassedme!Oneofthegreatestlessonsmydadtaughtmewastobeatthejokerstothepunch.IfIamgoingtobeapunchline(笑柄),I'dratherbetheauthorofthejoke.Therewasalotofname-calling.Somecruel,somenot.IhaveblockedoutmuchofthecruelInjuniorhigh,awell-meaningacquaintancecalledmeStretch.Inuniversity,IwasShortlybroughtonmyselfwhenafriendsaid,"I'llseeyoushortly,"towhichIreplied,"Soundsgood,anddon'tcallmeShortly.Jokesandnicknamesaside,thereweresomerealchallengesasashortperson.Studieshaveshownshortmentendtomakelessmoneyonaverage.ThisiswhyIhatedin-personjobinterviews.Ialwaysfearedmyheightwouldcostmeanopportunity.Ialwaysfeltjudged,realornot.AsIgetolder,andobviouslywiser,itdoesn'tgettomeasmuch.Therearesomebenefitsofbeingshort.Ifindairplaneseatsspacious.Iamgoodathideandseek.Irarelybumpmyhead.WouldIstillwanttobetaller?Ofcourse.ButIwouldn'tbeme.IammebecauseI'mshort.AndIlikewhoIam.It'ssuchapartofmethatIcheeronfellowshortpeople.LionelMessiisthegreatestsoccerplayerofalltime(andevenhegetsmocked)BrunoMarsmaybetheoriginalshortking.Smallvictories.Idon'trememberwhenIbecameokaywithbeingshort.Butatsomepoint,likeIhavedonemyentirelife,thingsstartedlookingup.4．Whatdidthewriter'sfatheradvisehimtodoto,dealwithheight-relatedjokes?A．Ignorethemandstaysilent.B．Jokefirsttomanagesituations.C．Respondwithcalmandpeace.D．Seekhelpfromfamilyandfriends.5．Whydidthewriterdislikein-personjobinterviewsbefore?A．Hethoughtthey'dwastetoomuchtime.B．Heusedtoavoidtherealchallenges.C．Hemindedotherinterviewees'comments.D．Heworriedaboutbeingjudgedbyhisheight.6．Howdoesthewriterlikehisheightnow?A．Heacceptsitreadily. B．Ithasmadehimsmart.C．Itstillposeschallenges. D．Hethinkshe'stallenough.7．WhyareLionelMessiandBrunoMarsmentionedinparagraph5?A．Toconveyadmirationfortheirachievements.B．Toshowhowshortpeoplehandletheirheight.C．Todemonstrateshortpeoplecanachievesuccess.D．Tointroducechallengesshortpeoplemayface.阅读理解ThetopicofChina's"slashyouth"hasfueledheateddebateonsocialmediarecently,drawingattentiontothediversepursuitsoftheyoungergeneration.Theslashyouth,whichcouldalsobecalledslashersorslash-generationmeansthosewhorefusetobedefinedorboundbyjustonepersonalidentity.Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.Ratherthanmaterialcomforts,theypursuemeaningfulachievements.Astudyon"slashyouth"publishedintheChinaYouthResearchmagazineanalyzesthebackgroundofthisphenomenon:withpartofmodernsociety'sstructuredorganizationandstabilitynormsarebroken,flexiblelabormarketsandstructuralunemploymenthasemerged,eliminatingthesenseofjobsecurityoftheyoungpeopleinemployment.Youngpeoplealsofacethedilemmaofself-actualization,includingthesenseofpowerlessness,lostsenseofvalueandlackofself-identityintheprofession..whichforcesthemtore-findthemeaningofwork."The‘slashlife'showsthatoursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone'sselffulfillment,"saidShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.Theresearcheraddedthatagainstthebackgroundthatpeoplehavemultipleinterestsandarewillingtopayfortheseinterestsnowadays,the"slashlife"oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimationcultureaffectedthemarket.8．Whichistrueaboutthe.slashyouth?A．Tendingtopursuemeaningfulachievements.B．Enjoyingpostingthemselvesonsocialmedia.C．Adjustingthemselvestochallengesinlife.D．Refusingtoundertakemultiplecareers.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thesignificanceofflexiblelabormarkets.B．Reasonsfortheappearanceofslashyouth.C．Youngpeople'sinterestintheirprofession.D．Causesoflosingpoweramongtheyouth.10．WhatdoesShiYanrongthinkoftheslashlife?A．Itcangainpeople'sindependence.B．Itinspiresyoungpeople'screativity.C．Itcanpickupaneconomicgrowth.D．Itenablesyoungpeopletoearnhigh.11．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toprovidelatestcareerguidance.B．Tointroduceasocialphenomenon.C．Toanalyzeanewculturaldifference.D．Tohighlightauniquelifeexperience.阅读理解AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeosciencelastweekrevealedsoilsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-5lunarprobecontainedimpactglassbeads(珠子)thatheldwaterintheformofhydroxyl(氢),amoleculeconsistingofoneoxygenatomandonehydrogenatom.Hydroxylionisoneofthemostcommonionsfoundinwater.Theseglassbeadsarecreatedwhenmeteoroids(流星体)hitthemoon'ssurface,throwinguphotmoltendropletswhichthencoolandturnsolid.Theyfunctionlikeasponge,soakinguphydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayingakeyroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballsaresoubiquitousonthemoonresearchersestimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.Fordecades,scientiststhoughtthemoonwasbonedryuntildiscoveriesinrecentyearsrevealeditssoilcouldholdwater."Themoonpotentiallyholding270billionmetrictonsofwaterisquitesubstantial,thoughitpalesincomparisontotheamountofwaterintheEarth'soceans,"saidHuSen,aresearcherfromtheInstituteofGeologyandGeophysicsoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.Thesefindingsnotonlyprovideinsightontheorigins,storage,andtransportationofwateroncelestial(天空的)bodieswithoutatmospheres,buttheyalsomayprovehelpfulforplanningandbuildingasustainablehumanhabitatontheseplanets,headded.12．Whatdoglassbeadsonthemoon'ssurfacefunction?A．Asaspongetakinginhydrogenatoms.B．Asmeteoroidshittingthemoon'ssurface.C．Ashydroxylbeneaththelunarsurface.D．Asasourceofenergyforwatercycle.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ubiquitous"meaninparagraph.3?A．Rare. B．Common. C．Obvious. D．Energetic.14．Whatcouldbethepotentialsourcesofwateronthelunarsurface?A．WaterfromEarth. B．Waterfromthesun.C．Waterfromthestars. D．Waterfrommeteoroids.15．What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．TheKeyRoleofHydroxylinLunarB．NewDiscoveriesbasedonMoon'sC．GlassBeadsFoundonMoon'sSurfaceD．ScientistsDiscoverWaterReservoir二、第一部分阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Comfortfoodsaretypicallyenergy-dense,high-fat,andsweet,suchaschocolate,icecreamandFrenchfries.Theyprovidepleasureortemporarilymakeusfeelbetter.16．.Self-medication(自我治疗).Thereseemstobeaconsistentconnectionbetweennegativeemotionsandunhealthyfoods,aphenomenoncalledemotionaleating.Inabadmood,peoplearedrawntounhealthyfoods(sugaryandfatty)asacopingmechanism.17．.However,onestudyfoundthatalthoughcomfortfoodsprovidesomerelieffromnegativemoods,soaơotherfoodsoreveneatingnofoodatall.Theneedtobelong.Wetendtoassociatecertainfoodswithmembersofourfamily,socialgatheringsandpeopletakingcareofus.Sowhenwefeellonelywedesirethesefoodstogiveuscomfortandsecurity.18．.Forexample,foracollegestudentawayfromhomeforthefirsttime,comfortfoodsmayserveasareminderoffamilyorfriendsintimesofstressorisolation.Evidenceshowedthatpeoplewithpositivefamilyrelationshipsweremorelikelythanotherstoreachforcomfortingfoodsonthedayswhentheyfeltlonely.Specialoccasion.19．.Theexcusereflectsadilemma(窘境).Fromashort-termperspective,theindulgence(纵情享受)isthebestchoice;butfromalongtermperspective,healthyeatingisthebestchoice.Theidealsolutionistosomehowdoboth.20．.Ifthesituationcanbeframedasthe"lasttime",thenthedilemmadisappears,sincethepersoncansaytohimselfthatanewandbetterlifewillbegintomorrow.A.Thisisimpossible.exceptinonesituationB.ThisisbecausewefeelcomfortedwhenwearefullC.However,asitisideal,it'simpossibleformostpeopleDHerearesomefactorsthatcancontributetocomforteatingE.Incontrast,peopleinapositivemoodtendtochoosehealthyfoodsF.Wetendtogoforspecial.oftenunhealthy,foodsoncelebratoryoccasionsG.Namely,comfortfood'spowermaylieintheassociationsitcallstomind三、第二部分英语知识运用，第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fred,oneofmystudents,adoredplantsbutstruggledwithhisreading.Afterthemid-termtest,Fred's21．showednosignofimprovement.Untilthelastfewweeksoftheyear,whenwe22．thelifecycleofplants,Fredtotallychanged.I'dneverseenhimso23．intheclassroom.Asaclassproject,eachchildplantedasunflowerseedinoneofthecontainersand24．itsgrowth.Ididthiseveryyear,withvarying25．.Plantingtheseedswasexcitingformanyofthestudents,the26．partmuchlessso.Ittooktoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywatering,andmostkidslost27．andinterest.Asaresult,theyforgotto28．theirsunflowers-to-be.ButnotFred.Everyafternoon,Fredmadesureallthecontainerswere29．andnurtured.Bythelastweekofschool,the30．wereaboutfourinchestall,whichreally31．me.Inyearspast,fewseedssuccessfullyproducednewshoots.Andthosethatdidhadnevergottensotall.Butthesewere32．.ThesewereFred'ssunflowers.Thisiswhatitmeanstobea33．.Atthatmoment,IknewIdidn'thaveto34．Fred.I'dseenthatspecialseedplantedinsidehim.Otherswouldtoo.And,oneday,he'dstartto35．,matureandshine—justlikehissunflowers.21．A．intelligence B．image C．grade D．emotion22．A．changed B．studied C．completed D．disturbed23．A．attentive B．excited C．frustrated D．sleepy24．A．measured B．controlled C．maintained D．admired25．A．methods B．achievements C．savings D．results26．A．growing B．harvesting C．weeding D．picking27．A．chance B．courage C．patience D．way28．A．showoff B．carefor C．carryaway D．sellout29．A．filled B．watered C．cleaned D．repaired30．A．plants B．containers C．seeds D．shoots31．A．puzzled B．bothered C．benefited D．amazed32．A．similar B．different C．natural D．organic33．A．teacher B．flower C．follower D．teenager34．A．criticize B．praise C．concern D．blame35．A．bend B．explore C．respond D．develop四、第二部分英语知识运用，第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SwimmerZhangYufei36．(become)ahouseholdnameinChinaeversinceher200mbutterflygoldattheTokyoOlympics.Atthejust37．(cơnclude)FISUWorldUniversityGamesinChengdu,the25-year-oldnotonlyexpandedhermedalcollectionbutalsosetanewwomen's50mfreestyleFISUGamesrecord.Forher,38．(better)herownrecordis39．meaningfulthanwinninggoldmedals."BeforetheTokyoOlympicsin2021,Iwaschasingthe40．(world)topswimmersandtoppodiums(领奖台).ButaftertheTokyoGames41．Ireachedthehighestpodium,Ibecametheonebeingchasedbyothers,thetargetofothers.Nowthe42．(big)rival(对手),sometimes,isme,"shetoldChinaDaily.Withsuch43．mindset,theyoungswimmingstarisnowmoredeterminedthanever.AsfortheAsianGamesinHangzhou,Zhangsaidshe44．lookingforwardtohearingthecheersofthehomecrowdandwasaimingtowintheevent'sMostValuablePlayerawardandbreakthe100mbutterflyworldrecord."Isetagoal45．eachcompetition.AslongasIreachthatgoalandgainexperience,IcanacceptwhateverresultIget,"sheadded.五、第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)46．第一节假定你是李华，你计划在寒假期间读一些英语文章。请给你的外国朋友Ryan发一封电子邮件，请他给你推荐一些英文网站，内容包括：1.表达写信目的；2.告知你的兴趣；3.请他推荐网站。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRyan,Yours,LiHua47．第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IthappenedononeSundaymorningafewdaysago.WhenIwasabouttohavemyroutinecupofcoffeealongwithabagel,IrealizedthatIdidnothaveanybreadatall.IhavetoadmitthatIamunabletoenjoycoffeewithoutsomekindofbakedfood.Idecidedtorunouttobuysomething.However,allthestoreswereclosed,butone.Thatstoredidnothaveanyfreshpastries,andIendedupbuyingfourslicesofwheatbread.Iwasfrustratedfortworeasons:myfavouriteroutine-Sundaycoffeeruined,andthesaleswomanchargedme$3forfourslicesofbread.IreturnedtothebuildingwhereIlivedonthetenthfloor,steppedintotheelevator,pushedthebutton,andgotout.WhenIreachedmyapartmentandtriedtounlockthedoor,Icouldnotturnthekey.Imadeafewattemptsbutwithoutsuccess.Istartedbangingonthedoor,hopingtowakeupmydaughter.Iwasnotsuccessfulatthateither.Ican'texplainhowitcrossedmymindtocheckthenumberoftheapartment.Theapartmentnumberwascorrect,exceptforthefirstdigit:theapartmentwasontheninthfloor,notthetenth.IwasshockedtorealizethatIhadbeenbangingonsomebodyelse'sdoor.Istillthinkoverwhatmighthavehappenedifsomebodyhadopenedthedoorandwhatheorshewouldhavesaidtomeat8:00amonSundaymorning.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。Paragraph1Ifayounggirlhadopenedthedoorandsaid,Paragraph2AfterthisincidentsIrealizedthat

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。宣传了洛杉矶唐人街的各个主要打卡胜地和唐人街每年要举行的活动。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。1．细节理解题。根据EarlybirdsshouldstopbyPhilippeTheOriginal,alocalrestaurantthat'sbelovedforFrenchDipsandwiches,butalsoservesagoodclassicAmericanbreakfast.早起的鸟儿应该去PhilippeTheOriginal餐厅，这家当地的餐厅不仅提供法式蘸酱三明治，还提供经典的美式早餐。可知清早在PhilippeTheOriginal餐厅供应法国和美国食物；故答案为D。2．推理判断题。根据PeopleinterestedinhistorywillwanttostarttheirtripattheChineseAmericanMuseum(CAM),lyingjustoutsideofChinatownatElPueblodeLosAngelesHistoricalMonument.对历史感兴趣的人会想从中美博物馆(CAM)开始他们的旅程，它就在唐人街外的洛杉矶历史纪念碑附近。可知它对历史爱好者有着巨大的吸引力；故答案为C。3．细节理解题。根据NearbyisDragonChasingPearl,whichwasoriginallypaintedonthewallin1941byTyrusWong,附近是《逐龙珠》，这幅画最初是由TyrusWong于1941年画在墙上的。可知欣赏TyrusWong著名的艺术作品。故答案为A。【答案】4．B5．D6．A7．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了矮个子不必自卑，他们也可以成功。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。4．推理判断题。根据Myheightembarrassedme!Oneofthegreatestlessonsmydadtaughtmewastobeatthejokerstothe

punch.IfIamgoingtobeapunchline(笑柄),I'dratherbetheauthorofthejoke.我的身高使我难堪!我父亲教给我的最重要的一课就是先发制人。如果我要成为笑点，我宁愿成为笑话的作者。可知作者父亲建议他自己先开玩笑，才能控制局面；故答案为B。5．推理判断题。根据Studieshaveshownshortmentendtomakelessmoneyonaverage.ThisiswhyIhatedin-personjob

interviews.Ialwaysfearedmyheightwouldcostmeanopportunity.研究表明，平均而言，矮个男人赚的钱更少。这就是我讨厌当面面试的原因。我一直担心我的身高会让我失去机会。可知他担心别人以他的身高来评价他让他失去机会；故答案为D。6．细节理解题。根据AsIgetolder,andobviouslywiser,itdoesn'tgettomeasmuch.Therearesomebenefitsofbeingshort.

Ifindairplaneseatsspacious.Iamgoodathideandseek.Irarelybumpmyhead.WouldIstillwanttobetaller?Ofcourse.ButIwouldn'tbeme.IammebecauseI'mshort.AndIlikewhoIam.随着年龄的增长，我显然变得更聪明了，这对我来说就不那么重要了。矮小也有一些好处。我发现飞机座位很宽敞。我擅长捉迷藏。我很少撞到头。我还想长高吗?当然可以。但我不会是我。我是我，因为我矮。我喜欢我自己。可知作者他欣然接受自己个子矮的现实；故答案为A。7．推理判断题。根据It'ssuchapartofmethatIcheeronfellowshortpeople.LionelMessiisthegreatestsoccerplayerofalltime(andevenhegetsmocked)BrunoMarsmaybetheoriginalshortking.Smallvictories.这是我的一部分，我为矮个子同胞加油。莱昂内尔·梅西是有史以来最伟大的足球运动员(甚至他也被嘲笑)布鲁诺·马尔斯可能是最初的矮王。小个子的胜利。可知作者引用这些人证明矮个子也能取得成功；故答案为C。【答案】8．A9．B10．C11．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种社会现象：斜杠青年。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseand

model,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.Ratherthanmaterialcomforts,theypursue

meaningfulachievements.她们热衷于展现自己多重身份，有时甚至是截然不同的身份，比如护士兼模特，教师兼单口相声演员，工程师兼乐队演奏者。他们追求有意义的成就，而不是物质享受。可知他们追求有意义的成就；故答案为A。9．推理判断题。根据Astudyon"slashyouth"publishedintheChinaYouthResearchmagazineanalyzesthebackgroundofthisphenomenon:发表在《中国青年研究》杂志上的一篇关于"斜线青年"的研究分析了这一现象的背景:可知这一段主要讲斜杠青年出现的原因；故答案为B。10．推理判断题。根据"The‘slashlife'showsthatoursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone'sselffulfillment,"saidShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.Theresearcheraddedthatagainstthebackgroundthatpeoplehavemultipleinterestsandarewillingtopayfortheseinterestsnowadays,the"slashlife"oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimationcultureaffectedthemarket.天津社会科学院副研究员施艳蓉表示:"‘斜杠生活'表明，我们的社会正变得越来越多元化和包容性，它欢迎每个人实现自我。"研究人员补充说，在人们有多种兴趣并愿意为这些兴趣买单的背景下，年轻人的"slashlife"将推动新经济的增长，就像动画文化影响市场一样。可知它可以促进经济增长。故答案为C。11．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：总分，由第一段ThetopicofChina's"slashyouth"hasfueledheateddebateonsocialmediarecently,drawingattentiontothediversepursuitsoftheyoungergeneration.最近，中国"斜杠青年"的话题在社交媒体上引发了热议，引起了人们对年轻一代多样化追求的关注。可知本文主要介绍一种社会现象：斜杠青年；故答案为B。【答案】12．A13．B14．D15．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了月球表面发现的玻璃珠。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题和主旨大意题时需要根据文章的上下文，结构和选项来判断出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据Theseglassbeadsarecreatedwhenmeteoroids(流星体)hitthemoon'ssurface,throwinguphotmolten

dropletswhichthencoolandturnsolid.Theyfunctionlikeasponge,soakinguphydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayingakeyroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.这些玻璃珠是流星体撞击月球表面时产生的，流星体抛射出热的熔融液滴，然后冷却变成固体。它们的功能就像海绵一样，吸收太阳风携带的氢原子形成羟基，因此在月球表面的水循环中起着关键作用。可知月球表面的玻璃珠就像海绵一样吸收氢原子；故答案为A。13．词义猜测提。根据上文Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,虽然每个容器只含有少量的水，以及下文researchersestimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater研究人员估计月球土壤可能储存多达2700亿吨的水。可知只有这种含有水的玻璃珠很多，广泛存在时，才可能有2700亿吨的水。所以ubiquitous在文章中的意思为"普遍存在的"故答案为B。14．推理判断题。根据上文Theseglassbeadsarecreatedwhenmeteoroids(流星体)hitthemoon'ssurface,throwinguphot

moltendropletswhichthencoolandturnsolid.这些玻璃珠是流星体撞击月球表面时产生的，流星体抛射出热的熔融液滴，然后冷却变成固体。以及Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballsaresoubiquitousonthemoon

researchersestimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.虽然每个玻璃球只含有少量的水，但这些玻璃球在月球上无处不在，研究人员估计月球土壤可以储存多达2700亿吨的水。可知月球表面的潜在水源是来自流星体的水；故答案为D。15．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：总分。第一段为文章的中心段落AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeosciencelastweek

revealedsoilsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-5lunarprobecontainedimpactglassbeads(珠子)thatheldwater

intheformofhydroxyl(氢),amoleculeconsistingofoneoxygenatomandonehydrogenatom.上周发表在《自然地球科学》杂志上的一项研究显示，中国嫦娥五号月球探测器采集的土壤样本中含有撞击玻璃珠，这些玻璃珠以羟基(一种由一个氧原子和一个氢原子组成的分子)的形式保存着水。接下来的二三四段再进一步介绍这些玻璃珠的产生，规模以及意义；可知本文主要介绍月球表面发现的玻璃珠；故答案为C。【答案】16．D；17．E；18．G；19．F；20．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四条有助于舒适饮食的因素。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。16．根据上文Comfortfoodsaretypicallyenergy-dense,high-fat,andsweet,suchaschocolate,icecreamandFrenchfries.They

providepleasureortemporarilymakeusfeelbetter.安慰食物通常是高能量、高脂肪和甜的，比如巧克力、冰淇淋和薯条。它们给我们提供快乐或暂时让我们感觉更好。以及下文的标题Self-medication(自我治疗).Theneedtobelong.Specialoccasion.可知空白处需要过渡句：以下是……选项D.Herearesomefactorsthatcancontributetocomforteating以下是一些有助于舒适饮食的因素。符合题意；故答案为D。17．根据上文Thereseemstobeaconsistentconnectionbetweennegativeemotionsandunhealthyfoods,aphenomenon

calledemotionaleating.Inabadmood,peoplearedrawntounhealthyfoods(sugaryandfatty)asacopingmechanism.消极情绪和不健康的食物之间似乎有一种一致的联系，这种现象被称为情绪化饮食。心情不好时，人们会被不健康的食物(含糖和高脂肪)所吸引，作为一种应对机制。可知可知空白处需要介绍：心情好时人们会怎么饮食；选项E.Incontrast,peopleinapositive

moodtendtochoosehealthyfoods相反，心情积极的人倾向于选择健康食品。符合题意；故答案为E。18．根据上文Wetendtoassociatecertainfoodswithmembersofourfamily,socialgatheringsandpeopletakingcareofus.So

whenwefeellonelywedesirethesefoodstogiveuscomfortandsecurity.我们倾向于将某些食物与家庭成员、社交聚会和照顾我们的人联系在一起。所以当我们感到孤独时，我们希望这些食物能给我们带来安慰和安全感。以及下文Forexample,foracollege

studentawayfromhomeforthefirsttime,comfortfoodsmayserveasareminderoffamilyorfriendsintimesofstressorisolation.例如，对于一个第一次离开家的大学生来说，安慰食物可能会在压力或孤立的时候提醒家人或朋友。可知空白处需要一个过渡句："安慰食物具有唤起人们对往事联想的能力"解释上文联系下文，选项G.Namely,comfortfood'spowermaylieinthe

associationsitcallstomind也就是说，安慰食物的力量可能在于它能唤起人们的联想。符合题意；故答案为G。19．根据下文Theexcusereflectsadilemma(窘境).Fromashort-termperspective,theindulgence(纵情享受)isthebestchoice;

butfromalongtermperspective,healthyeatingisthebestchoice.这个借口反映了一个困境。从短期来看，放纵是最好的选择;但从长远来看，健康饮食是最好的选择。可知上文提到了"不健康食物选择"的情景；选项F.Wetendtogoforspecial.often

unhealthy,foodsoncelebratoryoccasions我们倾向于选择特别的，通常是不健康的食物。符合题意；故答案为F。20．根据上文Theidealsolutionistosomehowdoboth.理想的解决方案是两者兼而有之。以及下文Ifthesituationcanbeframedasthe"lasttime",thenthedilemmadisappears,sincethepersoncansaytohimselfthatanewandbetterlifewillbegintomorrow.如果这种情况可以被定义为"最后一次"，那么困境就会消失，因为人们可以对自己说，新的更好的生活将从明天开始。可知空白处需要过渡句：实际上这是不可能的；选项A.Thisisimpossible.exceptinonesituation除了一种情况，这是不可能的。符合题意；故答案为A。【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．C；28．B；29．B；30．D；31．D；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了自己的学生弗雷德种向日葵的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。21．句意：期中考试后，弗雷德的成绩没有任何改善的迹象。根据Afterthemid-termtest,期中考试后，老师们会批阅试卷给学生打等级，可知弗雷德的成绩等级还是那样差；A：intelligence智力；B：image形象；C：grade等级；D：emotion情感；故答案为C。22．句意：直到这一年的最后几周，当我们研究植物的生命周期时，弗雷德完全变了。根据句意"弗雷德完全变了"以及上文Fred,oneofmystudents,adoredplantsbutstruggledwithhisreading.我的一个学生弗雷德很喜欢植物，但他的阅读能力很差。可知作者带领他的学生学习研究植物的生命周期时，弗雷德喜欢上了这类课；A：changed改变；B：studied研究；C：completed完成；D：disturbed干扰；故答案为B。23．句意：我从未见过他在课堂上如此专心。根据下文Ittooktoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywatering,花很长时间每天浇水才看到效果，以及Inyearspast,fewseedssuccessfullyproducednewshoots.在过去的几年里，很少有种子能成功地长出新芽。还有ThesewereFred'ssunflowers.这些是弗雷德的向日葵。可知弗雷德对这类课很专心，并且很有耐心；A：attentive专心；B：excited兴奋；C：frustrated沮丧；D：sleepy困倦；故答案为A。24．句意：作为一个班级项目，每个孩子在其中一个容器里种了一颗葵花籽，并保持它的生长。根据句意"每个孩子在其中一个容器里种了一颗葵花籽"可知作者希望学生们精心呵护葵花籽，努力保持它健康生长；A：measured衡量；B：controlled控制；C：maintained保持，维持；D：admired钦佩；故答案为C。25．句意：我每年都这样做，结果各不相同。根据下文Inyearspast,fewseedssuccessfullyproducednewshoots.在过去的几年里，很少有种子能成功地长出新芽。可知作者每年都安排同样的课给不同的学生，最后结果也不一样；A：methods方法；B：achievements成就；C：savings储蓄；D：results结果；故答案为D。26．句意：播种对许多学生来说是令人兴奋的，而植物生长的部分就不那么令人兴奋了。根据下文Ittooktoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywatering,花很长时间每天浇水才看到植物生长效果，可知关心呵护植物生长需要学生的耐心，他们就没那么兴奋了；A：growing生长；B：harvesting收获；C：weeding除草；D：picking采摘；故答案为A。27．句意：需要很长时间每天浇水才能看到效果，大多数孩子因此失去了耐心和兴趣。根据句意"需要很长时间每天浇水才能看到效果"可知照顾植物健康生长，这是需要学生的耐心和细心的；A：chance机会；B：courage勇气；C：patience耐心；D：way办法；故答案为C。28．句意：结果，他们忘记了照顾他们未来的向日葵。根据上文句意"需要很长时间每天浇水才能看到效果，大多数孩子因此失去了耐心和兴趣。"可知学生们不想，甚至忘记了要去照顾他们播种下的向日葵种子，给它浇水，施肥；A：showoff炫耀；B：carefor照顾，照料；C：carryaway带走；D：sellout出卖；故答案为B。29．句意：每天下午，弗雷德都会确保所有的花盆都被浇水和培育。根据上文Ittooktoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywatering,花很长时间每天浇水才看到植物生长效果，可知弗雷德每天都会去给这些向日葵浇水；A：filled填满；B：watered浇水；C：cleaned清洗；D：repaired修好；故答案为B。30．句意：在学校的最后一个星期，芽大约有四英寸高，这真的让我很惊讶。根据下文Inyearspast,fewseedssuccessfullyproducednewshoots.在过去的几年里，很少有种子能成功地长出新芽。可知这些向日葵种子在弗雷德的精心呵护下长出来了四英寸高芽苗来了；A：plants植物；B：containers容器；C：seeds种子；D：shoots芽；故答案为D。31．句意：在学校的最后一个星期，芽大约有四英寸高，这真的让我很惊讶。根据句意"在学校的最后一个星期，芽大约有四英寸高"以及下文Inyearspast,fewseedssuccessfullyproducednewshoots.在过去的几年里，很少有种子能成功地长出新芽。可知作者作为老师感到很惊喜；A：puzzled疑惑；B：bothered烦恼；C：benefited受益；D：amazed惊奇；故答案为D。32．句意：但这些是不同的。这些是弗雷德的向日葵。根据上文Andthosethatdidhadnevergottensotall.那些长得这么高的从来没有长过。可知作者在把弗雷德的向日葵与以往学生种植的向日葵进行比较，弗雷德的向日葵是与那些不一样的：更高；A：similar相似；B：different不同；C：natural天然；D：organic有机；故答案为B。33．句意：这就是当老师的意义。根据下文