高中英语必修7第4单元上课知识点和填空

1.livewith与……住/生活在一起；忍受，容忍(P43,标题)①liveby以……为生②liveon靠吃……生存，以……为主食；继续活着，继续存在③livethrough经历；经受住④liveupto遵守，实践；符合，不辜负（某人的期望）⑤live(out)one’sdream实现某人的梦想⑥liveout不住在工作/学习的地方；实践，实现⑦liveahappy/hard/miserablelife过着幸福/艰难/痛苦的生活1)Inmoderntimes,peoplehavetolearnto_________kindsofpressurealthoughtheyareleadingacomfortablelife.【湖北卷】2)Smallbirdslivemainly____________insects.3)Thefishermenlive______________huntingandkillingwhales.4)Hefailedtolive___________________hisparents'expectations.5)Theoldmanhaslived_______________twoworldwars.6)Themoneyenabledthemtolive_____________theirdreams.livewithonbyuptothroughout2.imaginevt.想象，设想；误以为，胡乱猜想，猜测；料想，认为(P44,L1)①imagine(sb./sb.’s)doingsth.想象（某人）干某事②imagine...as...想象/认为……是……③imagine...tobe/todosth....想象/认为……是/干……④imaginethat...想象/认为……▲imaginationn.想象，幻想；想象力，创造力[c/u]⑤inone'simagination只存在于/发生于头脑中⑥useone'simagination动动脑筋⑦capture/catchone'simagination使某人出神/入迷⑧leavesth.toone'simagination留给某人自己去想象▲imaginativeadj.创新的，富于想象力的

givenprep.考虑到，鉴于(P44,L3)类似的分词作介词有：regarding（关于），concerning（关于），respecting（关于），considering（就……而论，考虑到……），including（包括），accordingto（根据，依据），owingto（由于，因为），judgingfrom/by（由……来判断），talking/speakingof（说到…）comingto（谈到……），settingaside（除开……）等。（其后接名词/代词）类似的分词作连词有：giventhat（考虑到，鉴于），considering(that)（就……而论，考虑到……），provided/providing(that)（如果，假如），supposing(that)（如果，假如），assuming(that)（如果，假如），seeing(that)（既然，鉴于）等。（其后接从句）given

adj.已经安排好的，规定的；指定的，特定的，所述的（作前置定语）given

n.认定的事实[c]begiventodoingsth.经常做某事，习惯于做某事；往往会做某事1)_______________（考虑到）herage,shehasdonequitewell.2)___________________（考虑到）therewassolittletime,Ithinktheyhavedoneagoodjob.3)__________________（关于）yourletter,Ihavereadit.4)Weallwenttothepark,_____________（包括）Tom.5)________________（依据，按照）mywatch,it’s4o’clock.6)__________________（由……来判断）hisaccent,hemustbefromGuangdongprovince.7)_______________（假如）thatmyexpensesarepaid,IwillgotoItaly.8)____________that（既然）sheisoldenoughtogetmarried,Idon’tseehowyoucanstopher.9)Theyweretomeetata_______________（规定的）timeandplace.10)Heisgivento____________(go)forlongwalksonhisown.Given/consideringGiventhat/ConsideringthatRegarding/Concerning/RespectingincludingAccordingtoJudgingfrom/bylivewithSupposing/Assuming/Providing/ProvidedSeeinggivengoingcapacityn.领悟（理解、办事）能力，才能(for)[c/u]；容量，容积(of)[u]；职位，职责[c]；生产量[u](P44,L12)①haveacapacityfor有……的能力②haveacapacityofdoingsth./fordoingsth./todosth.有干某事的能力③inone'scapacityas以……的身份/职位analys/zevt.分析(P44,L12)▲analysisn.分析[c/u](复：analyses)①inthelast/finalanalysis最终，归根结底▲analystn.分析者，分析家，化验员[c]▲analyticaladj.分析的，解析的，分析性的_______________________（归根结底）,it'samatterofpersonalchoice.Inthelast/finalanalysiscoinvt.创造（新词语）；铸（币），造（硬币）n.（统称）硬币[u]；一枚硬币，金属货币[c](P44,L16)①tocoinaphrase套用一句老话，用老话来说，常言道②becoiningit(in)/becoiningmoney暴富，赚大钱，发大财③toss/flipacoin抛硬币（选择/决定某事）④theothersideofthecoin事情的另一面⑤Everycoinhastwosides.任何事物都有两面性。tonamebutafew略举几例，（表示列举）等等(P45,L25)①forexample例如，举例来说②forinstance例如③suchas比如，例如④take...forexample/asanexample以……为例①threatensb.withsth.用某物威胁某人②threatentodosth.威胁干某事③threatensb.todosth.威胁某人干某事④threatenthat...威胁说……⑤ athreatto对……（构成）威胁⑥underthreat受到威胁，面临威胁⑦underthreatof受到……的威胁，面临……的威胁⑧make/issueathreatagainst对……发出/进行威胁⑨poseathreatto对……构成威胁⑩carryoutathreat把威胁付诸行动threateningadj.威胁的，恐吓的；乌云密布的athreateningletter恐吓信▲threatenedadj.受到威胁的①commitsb./oneselftodoingsth./dosth.保证某人干某事，承诺干某事④becommittedto(doingsth./todosth.)致力于/坚信/忠诚于……⑥makeacommitmenttodoing/dosth.承诺/保证干某事④wipeoutcrime消除犯罪⑤Itisacrimethat………是罪过/不道德的。①commit(a)murder犯谋杀罪②getawaywithmurder逍遥法外，为所欲为，（做了错事而）安然无事③Itismurderdoingsth.干某事是困难的。④Icouldmurdera...我非常想吃/喝……⑤Sb.willmurderyou.某人会宰了你（表示某人会很生气）。▲murderern.杀人犯，杀人凶手[c]Icould______________apizzanow.现在我非常想要吃一张披萨。8)Youdadwill_____________youwhenhehearsaboutit.要是你爸听说这事，他会宰了你。murdermurder①urgesb.todosth.催促/力劝某人干某事urgesb.intodoingsth.催促/力劝某人干某事②urgethat+s+(should)+v.竭力主张……③urgesb.on为某人加油；鼓励/激励某人④have/feelanurgetodosth.有做某事的欲望/冲动▲urgentadj.紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的；催促的，急切的⑤beinurgentneedof急需⑥Itisurgentthat+s+(should)+v.……是紧急的。▲urgentlyadv.紧急地，紧迫地，迫切地；催促地，急切地▲urgencyn.紧急，迫切；强求，催促[u]Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildren__________________(seize)theopportunitytojoinsportsgames.

toseize

①poseaquestion/athreat(/challenge/danger/risk)提出问题/构成威胁（/挑战/危险/风险）②posefor为（照相或画像）……摆好姿势③poseassb.假装成某人，装扮成某人④strikeapose摆个姿势典题赏析：1)Weposed____________photographsafterthegraduationceremony.2)Thiscouldposeathreat_____________theenvironment.3)Thebangenteredthebuilding_______________________（冒充）workmen.4)Mary______________________________（摆好姿势）andsmiledforthecamera.fortoposingasstruckapose①beyondrecognition=outof(all)recognition认不出来；无法辨认②inrecognitionof表彰；作为对……的奖赏▲recognizevt.认识/出，辨别出；承认，意识到；认可，接受，赞成；赞赏，赏识，公认③recognizesb./sth.(by/from...)（从……）认出某人/某物④recognize…tobe/as…承认/认出/公认……是……⑤recognizethat…承认……1)Thebookisnowrecognized______________aclassic.2)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout___________________(recognize).【北京卷】3)Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged_____________________（认不出）.【安徽卷】4)Lisa,Ididn’t______________（认出）you—you’vehadyourhaircut!【全国卷】5)Hereceivedtheaward______________________（表彰）hissuccessoverthepastyear.as/tobebeingrecognizedbeyondrecognitionrecognizeinrecognitionof①denydoingsth.否认干某事②Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否认……③Therecanbenodenyingthat...不可否认……④Itcan’tbedeniedthat...不可否认……⑤denysb.sth.=denysth.tosb.拒绝给予某人某物；不允许某人拥有某物或做某事⑥denyoneself克制自己典题赏析：1)Hedeniedthemoney______________hisson.2)Ican’tdeny_______________weneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.tothat3)_______________can’tbedeniedthatthishasbeenadifficultyearforthecompany.4)Thereisno______________(deny)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.5)Tomdenies_________________(break)thewindow.6)Hedenied________________(him)allpleasuresandluxuries.Itdenyingbreakinghimself1)修饰可数名词复数的短语有：agreat/goodmanyalargenumberofquiteafewdozensof+名复+动复scoresofmany修饰不可数名词的短语有：agreat/gooddealofagreat/largeamountofquitealittle+不可数名词+动单much

既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：alotoflotsofplentyofagreat/largequantityofgreat/largequantitiesof①spyon暗中监视，窥探②spyout查明，了解清楚③spyouttheland摸清情况，窥察虚实①bury...in/at...把……埋藏/埋葬在……②buryoneselfin/beburiedin埋头于，专心致志于③buryone’shead/facein...把头/脸埋在……④buryone’sheadinthesand自欺欺人；逃避现实①bejustifiedindoingsth.干某事有正当理由的②right/leftjustified右/左侧对齐的▲justifyvt.证明……正确/正当/有理；对……作出解释，为……辩解；将（打印的字行）调整为边缘对齐③justifydoingsth.证明干某事是正当的/正确的④justifysth./oneselftosb.向某人为某事/自己解释/辩解▲justificationn.正当理由[c/u]⑤injustificationof解释，说明；为……辩护1)Shewasfullyjustified__________askingforhermoneyback.2)Idon’thavetojustifymyself___________youoranyoneelse.3)Nothingjustifies______________(make)suchamistake.4)AllIcansay______________________（为……辩解）heractionsisthatshewasundergreatpressureatwork.intomakinginjustificationof①thesuperiorityof……的优越性②superiorityin在……方面的优势③superiorityto/over比……优越④anairofsuperiority神气活现的样子1)Thesettlersremainedconvincedoftheirsuperiority__________thenativepopulation.2)TheUShasabsolutesuperiority__________airpower.3)Janetalwaysspokewith_________________________（神气活现的样子）.to/overinanairofsuperiorityat/in/totheforefrontof处于最前列，进入重要/主要地位(P53,L1)典题赏析：1)Ourcompanyhasalwaysbeen_________________________scienceandtechnology.我们公司在科技方面一直处于领先地位。2)Thecourtcasewasconstantly________________________mymind.这个诉讼案件一直萦系在我的心头。at/in/totheforefrontofat/in/totheforefrontof②bydefinition根据定义，从定义上讲③lackdefinition缺乏清晰度，清晰度不够▲definiteadj.清楚的，明确的；确切的，④bedefiniteabout对……很明确/肯定define...as...把……解释为/界定为……1)Amessagethatcan’tbeseenorheardis,__________________,noteffective.一个看不见、听不着的信息，根据定义来说是无效的。2)Thephotograph_____________________.这张照片缺乏清晰度。3)People_______thedictionary_______abookwhichgivesthedifferentmeaningsofwords.人们把字典定义为一本能给出词语的不同解释的书。4)Shewasverydefinite____________howshefelt.bydefinitionlacksdefinitiondefiniteasabout①engageone'sinterest/attention吸引某人的兴趣②engagesb.todosth.雇佣/聘用某人干某事③engagesb.as...雇佣/聘用某人为……④engagewith与……建立密切关系⑤engagein参加，参入⑥engagesb.insth.使某人参加/入某事▲engagedadj.忙于，从事于；已订婚的；被占用的，电话占线的；使用中的⑦get/beengagedin/on忙于/从事于……⑧beengagedtosb.和某人订婚⑨beengaged被占用的，电话占线的；使用中的⑩beotherwiseengaged另外有约，另外有事▲engagementn.订婚，婚约；约定，约会[c]⑪breakoffone'sengagement解除婚约WhatifItoldyouthatdoctorscouldcreateavirtual“twin”inordertopractisedelicatesurgerybeforeattemptingitonthepatient?(P53,L24-26)

如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的患者“双胞胎”，先进行精确的手术练习，然后才在病人身上做手术，你觉得怎么样？1）表示对未来的假设，意为“如果……怎么办，要是……将会怎么样”，从句可以使用虚拟语气（用一般过去时或should＋v.）；也可以用陈述语气（用一般现在时）。Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?如果他们花很长时间谈论一幅你不感兴趣的画怎么办？Whatifitshouldrainheavilytomorrow?Whatifshefindsoutthatyou'velostherbook?如果她发现你把她的书丢了怎么办?2）表示邀请或建议，意为“如果……怎么样/如何？”。Whatifyoujoinusforlunch?同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？Whatifwemovedthesofaoverhere?Wouldthatlookbetter?要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？3）表示不重要，此时通常与so连用，意为“就算……那又怎样？”。Sowhatifwe'realittlelate?就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？Sowhatifnobodyelseagreeswithme?就算没有一个人赞成我的意见，