吉林省四平市2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题（含答案）

吉林省四平市2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读理解AReminderBracelet(手链)DescriptionThe"WithinGood"productlinewascreatedasawaytoencouragepositivethoughtsandgooddeeds.Inonesimpledesignconcept,itisawearableremindertopeopleofallbackgroundsthat"WithinGood,ThereIsGod"—apuremessagethatnomatterwhatyouaregoingthrough,youcanalwaysdogood,andthespiritoflove,knownasGod,isalwayswithinusandintheworld.WithinGoodisnotintendedtobeareligiousbracelet.Infact,oneofthereasonswhythe"God"referenceappearsontheinsideofthebraceletisbecauseitispersonaltothewearer.Thecompanyco-founderssaytheirconceptwastogobacktothebasicsofdoinggoodforyourselfandothers:"Attheendoftheday,Godsymbolizespeace,love,connectedness,purpose,andanyotherwordthatmakesyoufeelGOOD."Overmanymonths,thelogo(标识)turnedintoasymbolrepresentedbythedouble"o"inGoodandinterlockingwiththeGandD."WithinGood"isprintedonthetopofthebraceletandonthebackisprinted,"ThereIsGod".Theropesymbolizesstrength,andastrongconnectionbetweenGoodandGod(alwaysinsideus).WhyThisIsaGoodGift:LooksGreat:Casualyetclassystyling,inaunisex(中性化的)design.GiftPackaging:Eachbraceletarrivesinsideitsownlittledrawstringbag,readytogiveawaywithoutwrapping(包装).Discount:$29.99$26Clickheretobuytheamazingbracelet,andget10%offNow.1．Whatdoes"therope"represent?A．Love. B．Peace. C．Purpose. D．Strength.2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebracelet?A．It'sonlysuitableformen.B．It'sareligiousbracelet.C．It'sreadytobegivenawaywithoutwrapping.D．It'sprintedwiththewords"WithinGood"onitsback.3．Wherecanyoufindthetext?A．Onawebsite. B．Onanoticeboard.C．Inatextbook. D．Inanewspaper.阅读理解BorninPotsdam(intheKingdomofPrussia)in1821,Helmholtzwasoneofthe19thcentury'smostknowledgeablescientists,whosenameturnsupinthehistoriesofmultiplescientificfieldsandspecialties.Asayoungster,hehadaninterestinphysics,butthatseemedafinanciallyunwisecareerchoice.Hewenttomedicalschoolandstudiedphysiology(生理学)instead,becausehewasdrawntootherswhopromotedthepointthatphysiologyshouldbebasedontheprinciplesofchemistryandphysics,notthe"vitalforces"thathadbeenpopularlyemphasizedpreviously.Afterearninghismedicaldegree,HelmholtzservedasanarmysurgeonbeforebecomingprofessorofphysiologyattheUniversityofKönigsberg.Duringthattime,hecomposedagroundbreakingpaperontheconservationofenergy,whichmadehimagoodreputation(名声)insciencecommunity.Hismainargumentisthatallsciencecanbereducedtomechanics.ItisemphasizedthatNewtonianmechanicsandLagrangianmechanicsaremathematicallyequivalent(相等的),soaforcecanbemeasuredbytheLaplacemethodintermsoftheenergytransferredbytheforceortheworkdonebytheforce.Allofthisenergyisconserved.WhileatKönigsberg,hestudiedthenervoussystem,optics(光学)andacoustics(声学),especiallywithregardtothephysiologyofthesenses.ThenhemovedontotheUniversityofBonnasprofessorofanatomy(解剖学)andphysiology.AftersometimeattheUniversityofHeidelberg,wherehebecameinterestedinphilosophy,in1871hewasawardedthephysicschairattheUniversityofBerlin.Atlasthecouldfocusonphysics,emphasizingtheimportanceoftheprincipleofleastactionforexplainingphysicalphenomena.HealsoexploredthebranchesofMaxwell'snewtheory.Bythistime,hewasrecognizedasoneofGermany'spremierscientists,untilhisdeathin1894.4．WhydidHelmholtzchoosetostudyphysiology?A．Hewasattractedbyadifferentviewpoint.B．Hemadethechoiceforeconomicdifficulty.C．Hewouldliketomakehimselfhavemoreskills.D．Hepreferredphysiologytochemistryandphysics.5．WhatmadeHelmholtzpopularamongscientists?A．Hisdegreeinmedicalscience.B．Histalentinchemistryandphysics.C．Hisachievementsasanarmysurgeon.D．Hispaperontheconservationofenergy.6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutHelmholtzfromthelastparagraph?A．HeprovedMaxwell'snewtheory.B．Hewasafamousphilosopher.C．Hedevotedhisrestlifetophysicalresearch.D．HewasaphysicalprofessoratKönigsberg.7．WhichwordscanbestdescribeHelmholtz?A．Energeticandcaring. B．All-roundanddetermined.C．Humorousandcourageous. D．Knowledgeableandbrave.阅读理解Contrarytopopularopinion,thescientificpursuitforknowledgeisnotapredictableandwell-definedprocess.Tomakenewdiscoveries,researchersneedthefreedomtobecreative,fail,andlearnbychance.ThereistheromanticideaofthescientistwhohasanEurekamoment(顿悟时刻)andsuddenlyarrivesatnewinsights.Anotherimpressionisthatresearchonlyinvolvesformalsteps.Neitherofthoseideasiscorrect."Scienceandartaretwodifferentwaystomakesomethingunderstandableorimaginable,"saysBiochemistryProfessorDolfWeijers."Fromtheoutside,theresearchprocesslooksveryformalandtheartisticprocesslookssomewhatmessy.Butthescientificprocesscanalsounfold(展开)inanunpredictableway.Creativeandassociativethinkingisveryimportantforscientiststogaininsightandmakeconnections."Thereisanintersection(交叉点)betweenscienceandart.ThisiswhyWageningenscientistslooktoartistsforinspirationandexchangeideasabouthowtoamplifycreativefreedom.WeijersandhiscolleagueJorisSprakel,togetherwithotherscientistsandartists,havedesignedaplantolearnfromeachotherandtoexchangeideas.Oneexampleistherecentandspecialprojectinwhichtheymeasuredtheforcesthatactonplantcells.Amolecular(分子)sensorwasusedtovisualisethedifferentforces.Theyrevealedtheresultsincolourfulimages,eachrepresentingadifferentforce.Whatscienceandartalsohaveincommonisthattheyaretopicsofdiscussioninsociety.Therearepeoplewhosaythattheydonotvalueartandpeoplewhomistrustscience."Itoftencreatesthewrongimpressionbecauseonlytheresultsofscientificstudiesarepresented,andpeopledonothaveanyinsightintotheartisticprocessleadingtodiscovery.Asascientist,youarecriticisedifyousaythatsomethingisdifferentafewyearslater.Thenyouareviewedasunreliable.Butwhatisoftenpoorlyunderstoodisthattherearenofinalresultsinscience,"saysWeijers.8．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theviewsonscienceresearch.B．Thepurposeofscienceresearch.C．Thehardshipofscienceresearch.D．Theattitudetoscienceresearch.9．WhatcanweknowfromWeijers'sview?A．Scientistsshouldhavecreativeandassociativethinking.B．Theartisticprocessistoomessytobeusedinresearch.C．Thescientificprocessalwaysunfoldsinanunpredictableway.D．Theresearchprocessandtheartisticprocessaretotallydifferent.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"amplify"meaninthethirdparagraph?A．Refuse. B．Detect. C．Increase. D．Imply.11．WhydoestheauthormentionWeijers'sresearchonplantcells?A．Tostresstheimportanceofthinkingfreely.B．Todisplaythebeautyofcolourfulimages.C．Topresentthefindingsofhisrecentproject.D．Toshowtheconnectionbetweenscienceandart.阅读理解TheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastorecall(召回)hundredsoffoodseveryyear.Likecookiesnackpackswithpiecesofblueplastichidinginside,dressingandsaucecontainingsalmonella(沙门氏菌)orvariousjamscontainingwithlead(铅).Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecallisissued.Butnowresearchershavecomeupwithamethodthatmightfast-trackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspices(调味料)online.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(面包屑)tofood-safetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts.TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.AndthetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFDArecallsthreequartersofthetime.Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInformaticsAssociation.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat600millionpeopleworldwidegetsickannuallyfrompollutedfood,andmorethan400,000peoplediefromit."SohavingtoolsthatenableustodetectthisalotfasterandhopefullyinvestigateanddorecallsfasterwillbeusefulnotjustintheU.S.butinothercountriesaroundtheworldaswell."StudyauthorElaineNsoesieofBostonUniversity.Shedidaddonewarning:evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstory.Theproof,unfortunately,maystillbeinthepudding.12．WhatwillhelpFDArecallunsafefoodsfasterthanbefore?A．Effortsoffood-safetyofficials.B．Onlinereviewsofthepollutedfoods.C．Lotsofonlinereviewsofproducts.D．Newmeasuresoffood-safetyofficials.13．Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?A．Byaskingcustomers. B．Bydescribingfacts.C．Bygivingexamples. D．Bymakingcomparisons.14．What'sElaine'sattitudetowardsfive-starreviews?A．Doubtful. B．Careless. C．Supportive. D．Unclear.15．Whichmaybethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．FDADetectsUnsafeFoodsB．AISniffsoutUnsafeFoodsC．FDADevelopsSystemofJudgingReviewsD．AIHelpsFDAJudgeReviewsmuchbetter二、第一部分阅读，第二节任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoTurnYourDreamsintoaRealityDoyouhavedreams,visionsorplansaboutthingsyou'dlovetohaveorachieve?Ofcourseyoudo!Wealldo.Unfortunately,dreamingistheeasypart.16．Thegoodnewsisthatthereareproventechniquesthatcangetyoufromwhereyouaretowhereyouwanttobe.Followthisprocesstobringyourdreamstofruition(实现):Turnyourdreamintoagoal.Whenyouhaveagoal,youhaveatruetarget.Foragreaterchanceofsuccess,yourplanshouldhaveadeadlineanditmustbemeasurable.17．Giveyourselfthegiftofsettingadeadlineandthingswillstarttohappen.Makeyourgoalasdesirableaspossiblewithoutbeingunrealistic.Ifyoufeelthatyourgoalisunreasonable,it'smuchmoredifficulttoencourageyourselftoactuallypursueit.Prioritize(优先化)yourgoaldaily.18．Yougiveinstructionstoyourbrainthousandsoftimesaday.Letyourmindknowthatyourgoalissomethingmoreimportantthan"Ifeellikeeatingahamsandwich"or"Ineedtostopatthegrocerystoreonthewayhome".19．Difficultgoalscanrarelybeachievedalone;you'relikelytoneedsomehelpandguidance.Lookatthelistyoumadeandseewhatyoualreadyhaveinyourlifethatcouldhelpyouonyourpath.Trackyourprogress.Measureyourprogresseachday.Useoldfashionedpaperandpencilortakeadvantageofthelatestsmartphoneapp.20．Youcanonlyadjustyourapproachifyouknowhowyou'redoing.Considermakingachartifthat'sapplicabletoyourgoal.A.Readandwriteyourgoaleachday.B.Makealistofnegativeassociations.C.Classify(将……分类)youravailableresources.D.Trackingiscriticaltomakingcontinuedprogress.E.Turningthosedreamsintoarealityisthechallenge.F.Ithasbeensaidthatdreamsaregoalswithoutadeadline.G.Somakealistofallthenegativestuffthatslipintoyourmind.三、第二部分语言运用，第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。78-year-oldNoraLangdonspendsfourorfivedaysaweekattheRoyalOakGym,nearherhomeinMichigan.She21．weightliftingcompetitionsforthreehoursatatime.Shehasbecomea(n)22．topeopleofallages.Attheageof65,Langdondeterminedtolivea23．life.In2007,sheweighedover210poundsandoften24．tocatchherbreathwhilegoingupthestairs.Sheknewitwastimefora25．."OnthefirstdayIstartedgoingtothegym,IwenthomeandtoldmyselfthatI'mnevergoingbackagainbecauseitwastoomuchforme,"LangdontoldGoodMorningAmerica."ThenIheardavoice26．,‘Goback.'So,IwentbackandhereIamtoday."After27．thegymandwatchinghertrainerprepareforaweightliftingmatch,shedecidedtotryitherself.Shebeganwithaneasything—usingabroomasabarbell(杠铃)before28．changingittoarealbarbell.Itwasn'tlongbeforeshediscoveredweightliftingwasherpassion.AlthoughLangdonhas29．twentyofherweightliftingcompetitionsandsetstate,nationalandworldrecords,sheshowsnosignof30．.Hernextgoalistoliftoverathousandpounds,accordingtohertrainer,ArtLittle."She'sreally31．tothegym,tomeandtothewholeweightliftingfield,"Littlesaid."It'sa32．toseewhatshe'sdoingatthatage."Shewantsotherstoknowthatwithmotivationandstrong33．,anyoneofheragecangetinto34．."Youcanliveactivelyatanoldage,"shesaid."Yourbodywasmadeto35．andyouhavetokeepitmovinginordertostayhealthy."21．A．waitsfor B．callsforC．appliesfor D．trainsfor22．A．inspiration B．challenge C．comfort D．warning23．A．long B．happy C．healthy D．busy24．A．attempted B．struggled C．pretended D．forgot25．A．trip B．break C．change D．chat26．A．shaking B．joking C．whispering D．dropping27．A．leaving B．joining C．cleaning D．visiting28．A．secretly B．instantly C．eventually D．suddenly29．A．researched B．failed C．missed D．won30．A．continuing B．responding C．improving D．stopping31．A．friendly B．valuable C．new D．familiar32．A．pleasure B．shame C．conclusion D．pain33．A．responsibility B．determinationC．interest D．curiosity34．A．confusion B．trouble C．danger D．shape35．A．exercise B．follow C．appreciate D．relax四、第二部分语言运用，第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Soonerorlater,youallhavetofacebigdecisionsregardingyourambitionsandyourfuturerolesinsociety.Thatmightmeanselectingschoolsubjectsthatwillleadto36．fulfillingcareeroritmightmeandecidingwhatkindofjobyouthinkwillsuityou.37．(luck),youaren'trestricted(限制)toachoicebetweenacademiaandtheworkplace.Youmightdecidetofollowavocational(职业的)course,38．(get)aqualification(资格)inbusiness,forexample.Oryoumightconsiderdoinginanapprenticeship(学徒工作)andworkingforanemployerwhowilltrainyou39．(do)aspecificjob.Whenmakingdecisions,don'tforgettoputyourheartsintoyour40．(strong).Youcangetasenseofwhatacademicareayouarestrongerin,41．(base)onyoursuccessinassessments.Digalittledeepertofindoutwhatcombinationofpersonalitytraits(特征)andskillsareinvolvedinyourpastsuccess,andwhichcan42．(apply)tootherareas.Onlinepersonalitytestswhichtrytomatchyoutoaparticularjobcanhelpyoutofocus43．yourinterests.Consultingparentsandotherpeopleaswellasgatheringinformationaboutdifferentoptions44．(be)importanttoo.Althoughitmaybepossibletochangeyourmindatalaterstage,there'snodoubt45．lifeiseasierifyougetitrightearlyon.五、第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)46．假定你是李华，你与英国外教Helen约定于本周六一起去写生(sketch)，但因故不能赴约。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表达歉意;2.解释原因;3.另约时间。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearHelen,Yours,LiHua47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Earlyinmyteachingcareer,Iheardcountlessexcuses—mostofthemfabricated(编造的),manyofthemamusingforwhystudentsdidn'thavetheirhomework.And,yes,"thedogateit"wasoneofthem.AstimepassedandIgrewlesseasilycheated,Igrewtiredofhearing"Idon'thavemyhomeworkbecause…"AndsoIquitacceptinganyexcuseotherthanaverifiable(能证实的)deathinthefamily.WhenImovedtoaninnercitymiddleschool.Itookmyno-nonsenseattitudewithme."Noexcuses,noextensions!"Iwarnedmyeighthgradersonthefirstdayofschool.Icollectedhomeworkatthebeginningofeachclass.Whenastudentdidn'thaveit,Ineveraskedwhy.Instead,Isighedloudly,shookmyheadindramaticdislikeand—withthestudentlookingon-recordedazerointhegradebook.IsoongainedthereputationIthoughtIwanted.Then,oneafternoon,shortlyafterthedismissalbellrang,Anthonyapproachedme."CouldItalktoyouaminute?"heaskedshyly,nottakinghiseyesoffthefloor."Iknowyousaiditdoesn'tmatterwhywedon'thaveourlessonsdone.butIdon'twantyoutothinkI'maslacker(偷懒的人)becauseIcometoschoolwithoutminesooften."Anthonylookedonatmeforthefirsttime,andIcouldseethathislowerlipwasquivering(颤抖的)."It'sjustthat…well,mydadmovedout,andmymomwaitstablesatnight,soIhavetotakecareofmylittlebrothers.Sometimestheycryalot,anditmakesithardtoconcentrate."IputmyhandonAnthony'sthinshoulder."Whyareyoujustnowtellingme...?"Istoppedinmid-sentence.Iknewwhy.SoIchangedthequestion."Wouldithelpifyoustayedhereinmyclassroomafterschoolandworkedonitbeforeyougohome?"注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Heswallowed(吞咽)hardtenselyandnodded.ThethingsIlearnedthatyearweren'ttaughtintheeducationclassesI'dtakenincollege.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一款手链的宣传稿。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇宣传稿，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据Description部分中的"Theropesymbolizesstrength,andastrongconnectionbetweenGoodandGod(alwaysinsideus)."绳子象征着力量，以及善良和上帝之间的牢固联系（永远在我们内心）可知，手链的绳子代表着力量。故选D。2．考查细节理解。根据WhyThisIsaGoodGift部分中的"GiftPackaging:Eachbraceletarrivesinsideitsownlittledrawstringbag,readytogiveawaywithoutwrapping."礼品包装：每个手镯都装在自己的小抽绳袋里，无需包装即可赠送。可知，购买这款手链无需再包装就可以送人了。故选C。3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Clickheretobuytheamazingbracelet,andget10%offNow."点击此处购买令人惊叹的手镯，立即享受九折优惠。其中的"Click"的提示可知，这篇文章来自网站。故选A。【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Helmholtz作为一名多才多艺的科学家的生平事迹。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Hewenttomedicalschoolandstudiedphysiology(生理学)instead,becausehewasdrawntootherswhopromotedthepointthatphysiologyshouldbebasedontheprinciplesofchemistryandphysics,notthe‘vitalforces'thathadbeenpopularlyemphasizedpreviously."他上了医学院，转而学习生理学，因为他被其他人所吸引，这些人认为生理学应该基于化学和物理原理，而不是之前普遍强调的生命力量。可知，Helmholtz选择生理学专业的原因是他被不同于以前的观点所吸引。故选A。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Duringthattime,hecomposedagroundbreakingpaperontheconservationofenergy,whichmadehimagoodreputation(名声)insciencecommunity."在此期间，他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文，使他在科学界享有盛誉。可知，Helmholtz关于能量守恒的论文使他在科学界很受欢迎。故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"AftersometimeattheUniversityofHeidelberg,wherehebecameinterestedinphilosophy,in1871hewasawardedthephysicschairattheUniversityofBerlin.Atlasthecouldfocusonphysics,emphasizingtheimportanceoftheprincipleofleastactionforexplainingphysicalphenomena."在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他对哲学产生了兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授。最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对于解释物理现象的重要性。可推知，Helmholtz把他的余生献给了物理研究。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Afterearninghismedicaldegree,HelmholtzservedasanarmysurgeonbeforebecomingprofessorofphysiologyattheUniversityofKönigsberg."获得医学学位后，Helmholtz担任军医，后来成为哥尼斯堡大学生理学教授；最后一段中的"AftersometimeattheUniversityofHeidelberg,wherehebecameinterestedinphilosophy,in1871hewasawardedthephysicschairattheUniversityofBerlin."在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他开始对哲学感兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授。可知，Helmholtz是全能的，即all-round；再根据第一段中的"hewasdrawntootherswhopromotedthepointthatphysiologyshouldbebasedontheprinciplesofchemistryandphysics"他被那些主张生理学应该建立在化学和物理原理基础上的人所吸引；第二段中的"hecomposedagroundbreakingpaperontheconservationofenergy、"他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文；以及最后一段中的"Atlasthecouldfocusonphysics,emphasizingtheimportanceoftheprincipleofleastactionforexplainingphysicalphenomena."最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对解释物理现象的重要性。可知，Helmholtz从对物理学感兴趣到余生一直研究物理学，可推出他是有决心的，即determined。故选B。【答案】8．A9．A10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有交叉的。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇艺术类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"Contrarytopopularopinion,thescientificpursuitforknowledgeisnotapredictableandwell-definedprocess.Tomakenewdiscoveries,researchersneedthefreedomtobecreativefail,andlearnbychance.ThereistheromanticideaofthescientistwhohasanEurekamoment(顿悟时刻)andsuddenlyarrivesatnewinsights.Anotherimpressionisthatresearchonlyinvolvesformalsteps.Neitherofthoseideasiscorrect."与流行的观点相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和明确定义的过程。为了有新的发现，研究人员需要创造性、失败和偶然学习的自由。有一个浪漫的想法，科学家突然有了一个顿悟的时刻，突然有了新的见解。另一个印象是，研究只涉及正式步骤。这些想法都不正确。可知，第一段主要讨论人们对于科学研究的看法。故选A。9．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Scienceandartaretwodifferentwaystomakesomethingcomprehensibleorimaginable"科学和艺术是使事物变得可理解或可想象的两种不同方式；以及"Butthescientificprocesscanalsounfold(展开)inanunpredictableway.Creativeandassociativethinkingisveryimportantforscientiststogaininsightandmakeconnections."但科学过程也可能以一种不可预测的方式展开。创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。可知，从Weijers的观点中我们可以了解到科学家应该具有创造性和联想性思维。故选A。10．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Creativeandassociativethinkingisveryimportantforscientiststogaininsightandmakeconnections."创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要；以及第三段中的"Thereisanintersection(交叉点)betweenscienceandart."科学和艺术之间有交集；和"looktoartistsforinspirationandexchangeideas"从艺术家那里寻找灵感并交流想法。可知，划线词所在句"ThisiswhyWageningenscientistslooktoartistsforinspirationandexchangeideasabouthowtoamplifycreativefreedom."表示"科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见"，因此划线词amplify的意思是"扩大，增加"，和increase意思相近，故选C。11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Thereisanintersection(交叉点)betweenscienceandart."科学和艺术之间有交叉；以及"Oneexampleistherecentandspecialprojectinwhichtheymeasuredtheforcesthatactonplantcells.Amolecular(分子)sensorwasusedtovisualisethedifferentforces.Theyrevealedtheresultsincolourfulimages,eachrepresentingadifferentforce."一个例子是最近的一个特殊项目，他们测量了作用在植物细胞上的力。一个分子传感器被用来观察不同的力。他们用彩色图像展示了实验结果，每张图像代表一种不同的力。可知，通过Weijers的关于植物细胞的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系。故选D。【答案】12．C13．B14．A15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(包屑)tofood-safetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts."人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品；以及第三段中的"TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toamazonreviewsofthosesameproducts."研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来。可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选C。13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toamazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged."研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论；以及"Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled."他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回。可推知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选B。14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Shedidaddonewarning:evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstory.Theproofunfortunately,maystillbeinthepudding."她确实添加了一个警告：即使召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅靠星级并不能说明整个令人作呕的故事。不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里。可推知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。故选A。15．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecallisissued.Butnowresearchershavecomeupwithamethodthatmightfast-trackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspices(调味料)online."召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实。可知，本文介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。"人工智能会嗅出不安全的食物"适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。【答案】16．E；17．F；18．A；19．C；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就怎样把梦想变为现实提出了一些可行性建议。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Unfortunately,dreamingistheeasypart."不幸的是，有梦想是一件轻松的事情。说明有梦想是件容易的事。空处和前文为转折关系，并且引出下文。E项中的challenge和前文中的easy是相反的意思，说明有梦想容易，但是把梦想转变成现实是一个挑战。E.Turningthosedreamsintoarealityisthechallenge."把这些梦想变成现实是一项挑战。"符合语境，故选E。17．根据空后"Giveyourselfthegiftofsettingadeadlineandthingswillstarttohappen."给你自己设定一个梦想实现的截止日期，然后事情就会逐渐开始进行。说明给梦想设置截止日期，那么梦想就会慢慢实现。空处呼应本段标题，引出下文。F项中的goals和本段主题相呼应，"withoutadeadline"和下文中的"settingadeadline"相呼应，表明有人认为梦想就是没有最后期限的目标，但实际上我们要给它设定一个截止日期。F.Ithasbeensaidthatdreamsaregoalswithoutadeadline."有人说，梦想就是没有最后期限的目标。"符合语境，故选F。18．根据本段小标题"Prioritizeyourgoaldaily"每天优先考虑你的目标，说明本段主要给出了每天优先考虑你的目标的建议。空处进一步说明怎样优先考虑你的目标。A.Readandwriteyourgoaleachday."每天读写你的目标"符合语境。故选A。19．根据空后"Lookatthelistyoumadeandseewhatyoualreadyhaveinyourlifethatcouldhelpyouonyourpath."看看你列出的清单，看看你生活中已经有什么可以帮助你走上正轨。说明本段建议把可利用的资源列成目录分类，然后看在你生活中所能帮助你的那些资源。C.Classify(将……分类)youravailableresources."对可用资源进行分类。"适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。20．根据本段小标题"Trackyourprogress."跟踪你的进度；以及空前"Measureyourprogresseachday.Useoldfashionedpaperandpencilortakeadvantageofthelatestsmartphoneapp."衡量你每天的进步。使用老式的纸和铅笔，或者使用最新的智能手机应用程序。说明本段所给建议为每天都追踪你的进度。空处表明这种方法的重要性。D项中的Tracking和主旨句相呼应，说明追踪对于取得持续进展至关重要。D.Trackingiscriticaltomakingcontinuedprogress."跟踪对于取得持续进展至关重要。"符合语境，故选D。【答案】21．D；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．B；28．C；29．D；30．D；31．B；32．A；33．B；34．D；35．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了78岁的诺拉·兰登坚持锻炼，不但赢得了无数的举重比赛而且激励着无数的人。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：她每次为举重比赛训练三个小时。A.waitsfor"等待"；B.callsfor"需要"；C.appliesfor"申请"；D.trainsfor"为……而训练"。根据空后"weightliftingcompetitions"可推知，参加举重比赛要进行训练。故选D。22．句意：她鼓舞着各个年龄段的人。A.inspiration"鼓舞人心的人(或事物)"；B.challenge"挑战"；C.comfort"安慰"；D.warning"警告"。根据下文"‘She'sreally11tothegym,tomeandtothewholeweightliftingfield,'Littlesaid.‘It'sa12toseewhatshe'sdoingatthatage.'"可推知，兰登对所有人，甚至整个举重界都有非常的意义，鼓舞着所有人。故选A。23．句意：65岁时，兰登决定过健康的生活。A.long"长的"；B.happy"快乐的"；C.healthy"健康的"；D.busy"忙碌的"。根据下文"Sheknewitwastimefora5."；以及"youhavetokeepitmovinginordertostayhealthy."可知，兰登决定过健康的生活。故选C。24．句意：2007年，她的体重超过了210磅，上楼梯时经常喘不过气来。A.attempted"尝试"；B.struggled"努力，艰难行进"；C.pretende