人教版九年级全一册英语语法精讲宾语从句

语法精讲——宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句知识点01连接词的含义及功能【语法详解】当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who,whom，whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中做一定成分。词类词汇中文含义在句中的功能连接代词who谁（主格）除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做主语、宾语、定语或表语。whom谁（宾格）whose谁的（所有格）what什么which哪个连接副词when什么时候除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做状语，不能省略。where什么地方；哪里how怎样；如何why为什么，...的原因Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?（who在宾语从句中做主语）Sheaskedwhosehairbandthatwas.（whose在宾语从句中做定语)Iwanttoknowwhentheplanewilltakeoff.（when在宾语从句中做状语）Didyouhearwhatshesaid?（what在宾语从句中做宾语）Pleaseexplainwhyyouwerelateforclassagain.（why在宾语从句中做状语)【注意】how与某些形容词或副词构成的词组也可以引导宾语从句，主要有howold,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howoften,howfar等。Hedidn'ttellmehowlonghewouldstaythere.知识点02常跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词【语法详解】可跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的（短语）动词有：say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,remember,choose,findout等。Wehaven'tdecidedwhereweshouldgofortheholiday.Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？Iwanttoknowwhosebookthisis.知识点03语序的变化【语法详解】在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句十引导词十宾语从句（主语+谓语+其他）”。因此，当特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。“Whenwillwestart?”Iwonder.→Iwonderwhenwewillstart.Whenwillthesportsmeetingbegin?→Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？当疑问代词what/who在特殊疑问句中做主语时,该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。"Whowateredtheflower?”theteacherwonders.→Theteacherwonderswhowateredtheflower.知识点04宾语从句可转化成“疑问词十动词不定式”结构【语法详解】如果从句的主语与主句的主语或主句的宾语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。I'mnotsurewhenIcanturnoffthelight.=I'mnotsurewhentoturnoffthelight.Shedoesn’tknowwhereshecanparkhercar.=Shedoesn’tknowwheretoparkhercar.知识点05特殊的连接词if和whether【语法详解】陈述句用that(可省略），特殊疑问句用疑问词，一般疑问句用if或whether,表是否1、宾语从句如果是陈述句，用that连接,无意义，可省略，但是作为主语不能省略。Hesaid

thathecouldhelpme.他说他能够帮助我。（that可以省略）Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.他说他会准时来的。（that可以省略）Shesaysthatisausefulbook她说那是一本有用的书（that连词同时作主语，不能省略）2、宾语从句是一般疑问句，要用if和whether连接，if常用于口语，whether常用语书面语，一般情况下可以互换Iwonderif/whetheritwillraintomorrow我想知道明天是否会下雨Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。Yourmotheraskedif/whetheryoucouldfinishyourworkthisweek.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。1)后接带to的动词不定式，只能用whether。Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothezoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。2)与ornot连用时,只能用whether。I’mnotsurewhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否准时来，我说不准。3)所引导的从句作介词的宾语时，只能用whether。Everythingdependsonwhetheryouworkhard一切取决于你是否努力4）当引导的宾语从句位于句首，表示强调时，只能用whether。Whetherhewillsucceed,Iamnotsure.他是否能成功，我不确定知识点06时态【语法详解】主现从随便，主过从必过，客观事实永一现(1)如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。Myteachersayshewillbebackinaweek.（一般将来时）我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。MyteachersaysheiswatchingTV.（现在进行时）我的老师说他正在看电视。Myteachersayshehasseenthemovie.（现在完成时）我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.（过去进行时）我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。Myfathersaidthehehadalreadyseenthemovie.（过去完成时）我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。【经典练】1．（2022·云南·统考中考真题）—Yourstampsaresofantastic.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Oh,Iboughttheminthepostofficenexttothebank.A．whydidyoubuythem B．wheredidyoubuythemC．whyyouboughtthem D．whereyouboughtthem2．（2022·天津·统考中考真题）—Couldyoutellme________?—It’sabout6,300kilometreslong.A．howwideistheChangjiangRiver B．howwidetheChangjiangRiverisC．howlongistheChangjiangRiver D．howlongtheChangjiangRiveris3．（2022·北京·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow_________thenewnationalpark?—Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.A．whydidChinasetup B．whyChinasetupC．whendidChinasetup D．whenChinasetup4．（2021·北京·统考中考真题）—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—NextThursdaymorning.A．whenwevisitedtheCapitalMuseum B．whendidwevisittheCapitalMuseumC．whenwewillvisittheCapitalMuseum D．whenwillwevisittheCapitalMuseum5．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）—Canyoutellme________?—Yes,inthelanguagecenter.A．wherewillthespeechcompetitionbeheld B．wherethespeechcompetitionwillbeheldC．whenwillthespeechcompetitionbeheld D．whenthespeechcompetitionwillbeheld6．Ourmonitorhasjustgonetothegym,butIdon’tknow________hewillcomeback.A．howfast B．howfar C．howlong D．howsoon7．（2022·云南昆明·统考中考真题）—Couldyoupleasetellme________whentheymeetforthefirsttimeinChina?—Theyusuallyshakehands.A．whatdopeopleusuallydo B．whatpeopleusuallydoC．wheredopeopleusuallygo D．wherepeopleusuallygo8．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Canyoutellme________?—Togetpracticalskills.A．whatdoyoulearnaboutsafety B．whendoyouhavetheartfestivalC．howyoubalanceyourstudiesandhobbies D．whyyoulearncookingatschool9．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Jenny,doyouknow________?—Er,nextTuesday.A．whenthesportsmeetingwilltakeplace B．whenwillthesportsmeeting