2025届高考英语一轮总复习Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina教师用书教案外研版必修3

PAGE13-Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina(主题语境——人与社会之科学与技术：对社会有突出贡献的人物)1．dynastyn.朝代2.emperorn.皇帝3．queenn.女王；王后4.slaveryn.奴隶制度5．battlen.战斗；战役6.ancestorn.祖先7．originn.起源；由来8.weaponn.武器9．aggressionn.侵略10.revolutionn.革命11．uprisingn.起义12.incidentn.事变13．invadev.侵略14.occupyvt.攻占；忙于15．sacrificev.牺牲16.betrayvt.出卖；泄露(机密)17．escapev.逃跑；逃走18.feudaladj.封建(制度)的19．ancientadj.古代的20．primitiveadj.原始的；远古的21．historicadj.历史上闻名(或重要)的22．historicaladj.与历史有关的；史学的23．independencen.独立24.independentadj.独立的25．slaveryn.奴隶制度26.pyramidn.金字塔27．periodn.时期；时代28.stableadj.稳固的；坚固的29．popularityn.受欢迎；流行30．automaticadj.自动的1．playarolein在……中起作用2．onceuponatime从前3．serveas充当，担当；起……的作用4．asaconsequenceof由于5．leadamiserablelife过着苦痛的生活6．setup建立；设立7．heartandsoul一心一意地8．atthebeginning/startof在……起先时9．bedevotedto致力于，专注于10．inthecourseof在……期间，在……过程中11．votefor/against投票，支持/反对12．onbehalfof代表13．cometopower上台执政14．inthelongrun从长远来看15．declarewaron...对……宣战16．beknownas作为……而出名17．beconsideredas被认为是……18．ofalltime有史以来；始终19．beinpower执政，当权20．inpeace和平1．ZhengHe,anexplorerinMingDynasty,ismyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory.郑和是明朝的一位探险家，他是我最喜爱的中国历史人物。2．ConfuciusisconsideredasthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.孔子被认为是古代中国最宏大的圣人。3．Heholdsthebeliefthathowimportantitwastostandonhisowntwofeetandberesponsibleforhisownacts.他信任脚踏实地和对自己行为负责的重要性。4．Bybeingdevotedtowhathedoesnomatterhowboringitis,hesetsagoodexampletous.不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。5．Owingtothefactthathecandowhateverhehaschosentodowithgreatperseverance,hehasmadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情，所以他在许多领域都取得了巨大成就。单词巧练写准并记牢Ⅰ.识记单词(一)会其形1．teachingn.(常作复数)教化；学说2.thinkern.思想家3．principlen.原则；准则4.positionn.职位5．stressvt.强调6.resignvi.辞职7．kindnessn.和善8.loven.仁爱9．softadj.松软的10.fueln.燃料11．conditionn.状况；条件；环境(二)知其意1．philosophern.哲学家2.philosophyn.哲学3．advisern.顾问4.barkn.树皮5．leathern.皮革6.monkn.和尚7．categoryn.范畴；种类8.sutran.(佛教的)经Ⅱ.拓展单词1．equaladj.同等的；相等的v.比得上→equalityn.相等；同等→equallyadv.同等地；相等地2．importancen.重要；重要性→importantadj.重要的3．ordern.秩序→orderlyadj.整齐的；有秩序的4．influentialadj.有影响的→influencen．&v.影响5．honestyn.诚恳→honestadj.诚恳的6．justicen.公正→justadj.公正的7．contributionn.贡献→contributevi.贡献；促成；造成8．inventvt.独创→inventionn.独创→inventorn.独创家9．argumentn.争论；辩论；争论→arguevi.争论；争论；提出理由；劝服10．freedomn.自由→freeadj.自由的；空闲的；免费的高考与教材1.(2024·北京卷)Andhestressedtheimportance(important)ofworkingwithourownhands.2．(2024·北京卷)Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinvention(invent)ofasuper­sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.3．(2024·北京卷)Iwasproudtomakecontributions(contribute)tospreadChineseculture.4．(2024·江苏卷)Leavingasidethebirthrateissue,India'seconomymaytakeoffwhenthecountryachievesequality(equal)ofeducationalopportunity.5．(2024·江苏卷)Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions(condition)．6．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressed(stress)byresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseofgreaterandlessimportance.1．易混单词先辨清①principle原则principal校长②tissue组织issue问题；发行③affect影响effect结果④dessert甜点desert舍弃⑤borrow借sorrow哀思⑥wander闲逛wonder想知道2．名词后缀­ness大观园①kindness和善②blindness盲目③darkness黑暗④weakness虚弱⑤loneliness孤独⑥awareness意识3．以­y结尾的名词一览①honesty诚恳②difficulty困难③modesty虚心④discovery发觉⑤delivery投递；交付⑥safety平安短语巧练写准并记牢1.agree_with同意；与……相符；适合(某人)2．be_at_war_with与……交战3．bring_up哺育；抚养4．become/be_interested_in对……感爱好5．a_sense_of_responsibility责任感6．be_proud_of为……骄傲7．in_conclusion总之8．for_the_first_time第一次高考与教材1.(2024·江苏卷)In_conclusion,_weshouldgiveasecondthoughttotheseratingsbeforebuyingsomeproductsorservices.2．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)“Moreinteresting,therearehundredsofCanadianswhoare_interested_inchangingtheirnametoElizabethGallagher.”Axanisaid.3．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Onemorning,Ihadtobookanimmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.IranintoRani'sofficefor_the_first_time.1．“at＋n.”短语荟萃①atwar处于交战状态②atpeace处于和平状态③athand在手边④atwork在工作⑤atrest在休息⑥attable在吃饭⑦atrisk境况危急；遭遇危急⑧atsea在航海；茫然⑨atlength最终；最终⑩atschool在上学2．sense相关短语精选①asenseofresponsibility责任感②inasense从某种意义上来说③innosense/way决不④makesense讲得通；有意义⑤makesenseof理解；弄懂⑥asenseofdirection/humor方向感/幽默感3．up短语全接触①buildup渐渐增加；建立②hangup挂起来；挂断电话③pickup捡起；学会④dressup穿上盛装；装扮句式仿写写准并记牢1.theway作先行词，省略that/inwhich的定语从句Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。2．thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的缘由是……Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子认为人区分于动物的缘由就在于人性本善。3．“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调However,wedoknowthatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他独创了第一个真正的钟表。高考与教材1.(2024·天津卷)这些词听起来很优雅，我深受鼓舞。Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythe_words_sounded.2．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)我的确信任你会玩得很快乐的。Ido_havetheconfidencethatyouwillhaveagreattime.3．(2011·陕西卷)学校里的一些全优学生在社会上没有像他们预期的那样胜利，缘由是来自他们父母的压力让他们几乎没有时间做其他的事情。The_reason_whysomeall­Astudentsinschoolhaveturnedoutnottobeassuccessfulinsocietyastheywereexpectedis_thatthepressurefromtheirparentsallowsthemalmostnotimeforotheractivities.高频词汇精讲1．equaladj.同等的；相等的；胜任的vt.等于；比得上n．同等的人；相等的物Allhumanbeingsareequal.全部的人都是同等的。(1)equal...with...把……与……等同(2)beequalto(doing)sth.等于；能胜任(做)某事beequalwith与……同等equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面比得过/敌得过某人/某物withoutequal无与伦比(3)equalityn.相等；同等equallyadv.相等地；同等地[联想发散]表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor(1)单句语法填空①Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.②Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthisequaltoyourphysicalhealth.③Noteveryoneisequaltodoing(do)thetaskbecauseitcallsforspecialskillsandmuchpatience.(2)补全句子Suchstupidityiswithout_equalintheentirehistoryofhumanrelations.如此愚蠢的行为在整个人际关系史上找不出其次个。2．ordern．秩序；次序；吩咐；订购；点菜vt.吩咐；订购；点(饭菜)Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(1)inorderof以……的依次inorder井然有序；相宜的；妥当的outoforder次序颠倒；发生故障placeanorderforsth.(withsb.)(向某人)订购某物(2)ordersb.todosth.吩咐某人做某事orderthat...(should)do吩咐……(1)单句语法填空①Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.②I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourcompany.③Hewasasbusyasabeetryingtoputthehouseinorder.④Ican'tmakeacall,asourtelephoneisoutoforder.(2)句型转换Thedoctororderedmetotakearestforamonth.→ThedoctororderedthatI(should)_take_a_restforamonth.3．stressvt.强调；施压于；使惊慌n.压力；重音；强调Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(1)stresstheimportanceof强调……的重要性understress在压力之下underthestressof在……压力下；为……所迫lay/put/placestresson强调；把重点放在……上(2)stressfuladj.压力大的；惊慌的stressedadj.焦虑担心的；心力交瘁的单句语法填空①Fatheralwaysputsalotofstressongoodtablemanners.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Thelifeofahighschoolstudentisusuallyactive,excitingandfulloffun,butitcanbestressful(stress)sometimes.④Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.4．conditionn．状况；条件；环境Often,factoryworkerslivedinpoorandcrowdedconditions.通常工厂工人生活在贫困和拥挤的环境中。(1)living/housing/workingconditions生活/住房/工作条件under...conditions在……条件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition状况良好/恶劣；健康/不健康outofcondition身体不适(3)oncondition(that)．..在……条件下；倘如onnocondition决不(放于句首时，句子需部分倒装)[名师指津]condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)条件”时，通常要用复数形式；而表示“状况”时，则为不行数名词。(1)单句语法填空①Oneofthewaysofdealingwiththatistodealwithhousingconditions(condition).②Manyroadsareinbadconditionandaccidentshappenfrequently.③I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoucanreturnittomorrow.(2)补全句子Onnoconditioncan_we_give_up_our_dreams;_onlyifwesticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.我们决不能放弃幻想，只有我们坚持自己的幻想，才能够克服各种挑战。5．bringup哺育；抚养；教化；提出；呕吐Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.他的父亲在他小时候就去世了，是母亲把他抚养长大的。bringabout引起；导致(事故、变更等)bringback带回；使回忆起某事bringdown使……降低；使……倒下bringin引入；赚得；挣得bringout显现出；使发挥选用上述短语填空①WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbrought_outthebestinherasadoctor.②Thegreatdamagewhichtheearthquakebrought_aboutmademanypeoplehomelessorlosetheirlives.③Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobring_downinflation.④Ihadasandwichforlunchandpromptlybroughtitupagain.重点词汇点拨eq\a\vs4\al(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)①Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.推动②Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.原则③Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.辩论；争论④Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.狗叫⑤Whatisthetreatmentforthiscondition？疾病典型句式精析1．theway作先行词，省略that/inwhich的定语从句Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。句中theway作先行词，youwanttobetreated为省略关系词的定语从句。(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接inwhich或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词inwhich或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。(2)way后接定语从句时，假如关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。(1)单句语法填空①Thewaythat/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.②Specialistscancomeupwithnewwaysto_solve(solve)theproblemofairpollution.(2)补全句子Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingattheway(in_which/that)_he_speaks_English.我觉得你讪笑他说英语的方式损害了他的自尊心。2．Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的缘由是……Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.孟子认为人区分于动物的缘由就在于人性本善。believed后面是that引导的宾语从句，从句中运用了“thereasonwhy...isthat...”句式，其中why引导的是定语从句；is之后的that引导的是表语从句。(1)reason用作先行词后接定语从句时，首先推断定语从句中缺什么成分，假如缺状语，则要运用关系副词why或forwhich引导定语从句，why有时可省略；假如缺主语或宾语，则运用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。(2)thereason后接同位语从句说明其内容时，用引导词that。(1)单句语法填空①Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.②Whydon'tyoubelievethereasonthatmycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?(2)补全句子Thereason(that/which)_he_explained_at_the_meeting_was_thathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.他在会议上说明的理由是他没有赶上第一辆公共汽车。Ⅰ.单词拼法1．IamnotsurewhatIwoulddoifIwereinyourposition(职位)．2．Hedecidedtoresign(辞职)andgiveuptheopportunitytobeamanagerbecauseofpoorhealth.3．Enoughsleepisconnectedwithgeneralhealthconditions(状况)．4．Heisstrictwithhimselfanddoesn'tdoanythingagainsthisprinciples(原则)．5．Healwaysstressestheimportance(重要性)ofgoodteamwork.6．Thegovernmentordered(吩咐)thepoliceouttokeeporderinthestreets.7．Wewillstandtogetherwithallthecountriesandpeoplethatlovepeaceandjustice(公正)．8．Theteacherhasalreadystressed(强调)theimportanceofsilentreadinginclass.9．Thethreespacemenmadegreatcontributions(贡献)tothedevelopmentofthespaceprogram.10．Afteralongperiodofargument(争论)，wefinallyreachedanagreementabouttheproblem.11．Oureducationsystemshouldprovideequal(同等)opportunitiesforallchildren.12．Manyoldpeoplestillhavethebelief(信念)thatboysarebetterthangirls.13．Theboy'shonesty(诚恳)iswhatmakeshimdifferentfromtheotherchildren.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Nobodywantstoliveinaverystressful(stress)environment.2．Inmyopinion,honesty(honest)isthemostimportantpartoffriendship,becauseIhatebeingcheated.3．BeingbroughtupinthecountrysidemadeMrWilsonveryhardworkingwhenhewasveryyoung.4．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbeatwarwitheachother?5．Asrewardforhiscontribution(contribute)tobotany，JosephBankshadaflowernamedafterhim.6．Itisofgreatimportance(important)forcollegestudentstomasteraforeignlanguage.7．Heisaveryinfluential(influence)maninthecompany,soeveryonewouldliketofollowhisadvice.8．Dobecarefulwhileyouaredrivingontheroad.9．Idon'tthinkBobisequaltobeingamanager,forhehaslittleknowledgeaboutmanagement.10．Atpresentreliefworkisrunninginasmoothandorderly(order)manner.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Hecan'tgoforanouting,sinceheisoutofthecondition.去掉the2．IthoughthimtobeniceandhonestforthefirsttimeImethim.去掉for3．ThereasonwhyIhavetogoisbecausemymotherisillinbed.because→that4．Ihatethewaywhichshealwayscriticizesme.which→that或在which前加in或去掉which5．Heorderedthatthestudentsworetheirspecialclothesduringthemilitarytraining.wore→wear6．Inmyday，childrenbroughtuptorespectthelaw.children后加were7．Itiscommonsensethatthingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstresses.stresses→stress8．Sheisveryweakandnotequaltomakealongjourney.make→making9．Thetwocountrieshavebeenonwarwitheachotherfornearlyayear.on→at10．Hehasbecomequiteinterestingincyclingeversincehecameersting→interestedⅣ.语段填词1．Thehonestboywhowaslookingthroughanewspaperimpressedalltheemployerswithhishonesty.(honest)2．Einstein,afamousinventor,_wasoneofthegreatestinventivescientistsofhistime.Hewaswellknownforhisinventionswhichheinventedoneafteranotherinhislife.(invent)3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,hismajorcontributionstothecompanyhavecontributedtoitsrapiddevelopmentinrecentyears.(contribute)4．Williamcomplainedtousabouthavinganargumentwiththemanageronhisfirstdayatwork.Hearguedwithhimoversomethingunimportant.Wetookinwhathesaidandurgedhimtofindabetterwaytoexpresshisidearatherthangivingouthisanger.(argue)5．Thereareequalinnumbersofboysandgirlsinourclass.Theyshareeverythinginclassequally.Theytreateachotherasequals.Theyvaluetheequalityineverythingamongthemselves.(equal)Ⅴ.完成句子1．他没得到这个工作的缘由是他的英语不好。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_why_he_didn't_get_the_job_was_thathisEnglishwasnotverygood.2．你日常生活中发生的事情会变更你看待世界和世间的人的方式。(theway)Somethingthathappensinyourdailylifewillchangethe_way_you_look_at_the_worldandthepeopleinit.3．我现在很少熬炼，但我上初中时的确喜爱踢足球。(do强调谓语)Idon'ttakemuchexercisenow,butIdid_like_playing_football_when_I_was_in_junior_school.4．我们为自己感到特别傲慢，信任我们可以为一个更美妙的世界做更多的事情。(beproudof)Weare_very_proud_of_ourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.5．尽管已是八十高龄，这位老人依旧身体健康。(condition)Thoughinhiseighties,theoldmanisstillin_good_condition.Ⅵ.微写作假设你是高三学生李华，你的英国挚友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史人物很感爱