research process and remarks研究过程及备注

ByZheXINGandZhuojunLIResearchProcessandRemarksWarmingUP!!!GameHomogeneityofvarianceLinearmodelNullhypothesisThetypeofhypothesisusedbyapessimistAnassumptionconcerningthenatureofrealityappliedunquestioninglytoeveryrelationshipasthoughGodhaddeterminedthattruthmustalwaysruninstraightlinesAnassumptioncommonlymade,frequentlyviolated,andnevertested.ItdoesnotseemtomatterCBAGameReliableUnobtrusivemeasuresSampleExperimentaltechniquesofunclearoriginhavingsomethingtodowithworntiles.Observingmadaminherbathwithoutbringingforthscreams.SometimescapableofgivingthesameresultsAuniquecollectionofsubjectshavingvirtuallynochanceofbeingrepresentativeofthepopulationfromwhichitwasdrawn.Thisingistrivialandisgenerallyignored.BACContentsAppliedResearchDesignLevelsissuesintheorydevelopment,datacollection,andanalysisResearchMethodologyinManagement:

CurrentPractices,Trends,andImplicationsforFutureResearchUnobtrusivemeasuresinorganizationaltheory:AReminder1.AppliedResearchDesignPlanningStage1DefinitionExecutionStage2Design/PlanStage3ImplementationStage4Reporting/follow-upTheConductofAppliedResearch:AppliedResearchPlanningUnderstandtheProblemIdentifyQuestionsRefine/ReviseQuestionsStage1ResearchDefinitionChoosedesign/datacollectionapproachesInventoryresourcesAccessfeasibilityDeterminetrade-offsToexecuteStage2ResearchDesign/PlanQuestion:Basedonyourresearchexperiences/undergraduate’sthesis,whichstepdoyoufindthemostdifficult?2.Levelsissuesintheorydevelopment,datacollection,andanalysisAnoteonlevelsterminologyGroup——anyhigherlevelorganizationalentityIndividual——elementsthatarenestedin,ormembersof,higherlevelentities10TextTextPastworkstatisticalquestions(a)(b)quantitativeafewtopicareas,primarilyclimateThisarticletheprimacyoftheory(a)(b)(c)Non-quantitative,pictorialspanningtherangeoforganizationalscienceImportance:

Theconclusionsofresearchdifferasafunctionofthelevelofanalysis.

(b)independencefromhigherlevelunits(a)homogeneitywithinhigherlevelunits(c)heterogeneitywithhigherlevelunitsQuestion:Whatexamplescanyouthinkoftoillustratethesethreekindsoflevelissues?Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenitcomestothelevelsissuesofdatacollectionanddataanalysis?3.ResearchMethodologyinManagement:

CurrentPractices,Trends,andImplicationsforFutureResearchComparestrategiesinmanagementresearchin1995-1997withthosein1985-1987Triangulation+DifferentkindsofvalidityMethodPotentiallytrendsinresearchstrategies,decreasesintheinternal,external,andconstructvalidityLimitationsandExtensionsFrameworkQuestion:Whynotmarketinghere?Isthereanymethodchangesnowadays?Whataretheybasedonyourexperience.Whatdoyouthinkofthisarticle?Useful,reasonable,ormeaningless?4.Unobtrusivemeasuresinorganizationaltheory:AReminderInvestigatorsponderthevarianceratherthanthemeanWhynotuse?InvestigatorsuseexpectancyasacontrolInvestigatorsfindfoolishnessfunctionalInvestigatorsassumethatnoiseisrareInvestigatorsbelieveinamortizationInvestigatorsconstructandimposemultipleindicesthatconvergeInvestigatorsu