人教版英语八年级上册Unit 3 导学案

Unit3I"mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.

1.bothadj./pron.两个，两个都

（l）both+n复数=bothof+the+n复数，指两个都…，后面加动词复数

注：both可以直接放在主语之后如bothofthem=theyboth,此外both位于be

动词之后，情态动词，实义动词之前

E.g.Bothstudentsloveplayingsoccer.=Bothofthestudentsloveplayingsoccer.

=Thestudentsbothloveplayingsoccer.

=Notonlythatstudentbutalsothisstudentlovesplayingsoccer.

【典型例题】

1）—Whichofthehatswillyoutake?

一Illtake,oneformyfather,theotherformymother.

A.noneB.bothC.allD.either

2）Taraandhersisterquietandtheysports.

A.bothare,likebothB.areboth,likeboth

C.bothare,bothlikeD.areboth,bothlike

3）Bothofthemlikesports.（同义句）

____________________likesports.

（2）bothAandB..A和B者R...

否定：neitherAnorB..（动词就近）

同义：notonlyAbutalsoB（动词就近）

E.g.Bothheandhisfatherhavemadeabigmistake.

=Notonlyhebutalsohisfatherhasmadeabigmistake.

否定：Neitherhenorhisfatherhasmadeabigmistake.

【典型例题】

Johnenjoysswimming.Peterenjoysswimming,too.（变同义句）

JohnPeterswimming.

2.betteradj.&adv更好的

better是good/well的比较级，可用far,much但不可用more,very修饰。

注意：bebetterat=dobetterin..更擅长于。。

E.g.Everybodyelsecoulddobetterthanyou.

【典型例题】

Cindyplaysthepiano,butIplayitthanhim.

A.good;wellB.well;goodC.good;betterD.well;

better

3.比较级

（1）形容词、副词原级用法

1）表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“as+adj./adv.原级+as”结构。

a.Herunsasfastasyou.他跑的和你一样快。

2）表示A“不如用A+“notas/so+adj./adv.原级+as"+B或A+66less+

adj./adv.原级+than”+B结构。

a.Thispictureisnotsogoodasthatone.

b.Hedoesn'twriteascarefullyashissister.

c.Heisnotastallasme.二Heisshorterthanme.=1amtallerthanhim.

d.EnglishisnotsoimportantasChinese.二Englishislessimportantthan

Chinese.

二ChineseismoreimportantthanEnglish.

3）“甲+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲是乙的几倍”

TomisthreetimesasoldasKate.

（2）形容词、副词比较级用法

1）比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A+比较级thanB”。

2）表示两者之间选择，用“which/whois比较级，AorB?

3）“越来越……”用"比较级and比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用

“moreandmore原级

4）表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。

5）“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+......”表示"甲是两者中较....的”。

6）可以修饰比较级的词：much,alot,far,alittle,abit,even,still

7)同类事物比较单数和不可数名词用that代替，复数用those代替

【典型例题】

(1).TheweatherthisBeijingis(bad)thanthatinChongqing.

(2).IthinkChinesepeopleare(friendly)thanJapanese.

(3).Mydressislongerthan(she).

(4).MysisterspeaksEnglishas(good)asme.

(5)Englishisn'taseasyashistory.(改为同义句)

Englishishistory.

(6)一Lefsgoshoppingatthenewmall(商场).

-Whynotshoponline?It's.

A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.lesscheaperD.less

expensive

(7)TheweatherinChangshaismuch___thaninShanghai.

A.hot,itB.hotter,weatherC.hot,thatD.hotter,that

4.hard-working/workhard/hardwork

(1)hard-working(adj.)意为“工作努力的“一morehard-working-most

hard-working

Susaniscleverandhard-working.

(2)workhard是动词短语，意为“努力工作或学习“，work是动词，hard是副词。

Iworkhardthisterm.

⑶hardwork是名词短语，意为“艰苦的工作“，work是名词，hard是形容词。

Noonecanbesuccessfulwithouthardwork.

【典型例题】

(1)Thisisandwemustonit.

A.hardwork;workhardB.ahardwork;workhard

C.hardwork;hardworkD.workhard;hardwork

(2)Tomisaperson.Hethinksnoonecanbesuccessfulwithout

A.hard-working;hardworkB.hard-working;workhard

C.working-hard;hardworkD.working-hard;workhard

(3)Lucyismorehard-workingthanlily.(同义句)

LucyworksLily.

5.Which

⑴which用于指人或物，表示一定的范围内的“哪一个,，

whichbookisyours,thewhiteoneortheblackone?

(2)Which引导宾语从句

Idon'tknowwhichwayIshouldgo.

Idon'tknowwhichwaytogo.

【典型例题】

(l)Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.(对戈ll线部分提问)

girlissister?

6.Wm-won-winner(ii.)

(1)Winsth/thefirstprize/thegame

(2)Beatsb/ClassOne/him

【典型例题】

-Whothesingingcompetition?

一IheardJoeJillinthecompetition.

A.won;wonB.beat;wonC.won;beatD.beat;beat

7.Though

(1)做连词，表虽然，尽管，相当于although的用法

Hestillkeepsclimbingmountains,thoughitisverydangerous.

(2)做副词，表然而，常用于句末

Larryismuchlesshard-working,though.

【典型例题】

theyareverytired,theyfeelhappybecausethey'vefinallyfinishedtheir

project.

A.SoB.thoughC.IfD.But

8.talented-moretalented-mosttalented

(1)talent(n.天赋)haveatalentfor有…的天赋

(2)betalentedin(doing)sth在...方面有天赋

Sheistalentedinplayingthepiano.

【典型例题】

(1)Thegirlistalentedswimming.

A.atB.inC.withD.on

(2)Youarevery(talent)inspeakingEnglish.

9.care

(1)careabout,意为“关心，在意”

Hecaresaboutthesafetyofhisworkers.

(2)carefor=takecareof=lookafter,意为“照顾，照看”

Mymumisanurse.Shetakescareofthesickpeopleeveryday.

⑶care的词性转换---careful(adj.)—carefully(adv.)

Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.

Themorecarefullyyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.

【典型例题】

(1)IknowMarymebecauseshealwayshelpsmewithmyhomework.

A.careforB.careabout

C.takecareofD.takecar

(2)Iwanttolearnmoreabouthowanimals.

A.careforB.tocarefor

C.caresforD.caredfor

lO.loudly—moreloudly--mostloudly

(1)loud(adj.)speakinaloud/lowvoice

Loud(adv.)Speaklouder,please.

(2)aloud(adv.)“大声地”

Readaloudinthemorning.

(3)loudly(adv.)“喧闹地”

Don'ttalkloudlyinpublic.

【典型例题】

(1)Thebabyissleeping.Pleasespeak.

A.loudlyB.quietlyC.clearlyD.politely

(2)TheyweretalkingthereandSusanwasnothappy.

A.loudB.loudlyC.aloudD.aloudly

ll.laugh

(1)laughatsb嘲笑某人

Don'tlaughatothers.

⑵Smileatsb向某人微笑

Thereisabigsmileonherface.

【典型例题】

Don'tthepeoplewhoareintrouble.

A.laughB.laughatC.laughforD.smileat

12.serious

(1)seriousadj.严肃的；稳重的aseriousproblem一个严肃的问题

beseriousabout对…严肃

(2)seriouslyadv.严肃地takesthseriously认真对待某事

beseriouslyill病得严重

【典型例题】

(1)Mr.Wangisverys.Heneversmilesatus.

(2)MostkidsaremostserousthanJeff.(同义句)

Jeffisthanmostkids.

13.aslongas

⑴与...一样长e.g.Thisroadisaslongasthatone.

(2)只要e.g.Wewillplaysocceraslongasitdoesn'train.

【典型例题】

(1)Youmayusemyroomyoukeepitclean.

A.aswellasB.assoonasC.aslongasD.asfaras

(2)只要你及时回来，你就可以出去。(翻译)

14.necessary

(1)adj.有必要的反义：unnecessary

Ifs+necessary+forsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是必要的

It^+adj.+forsbtodosth对某人来说做某事是.…

常用的adj.有easy,hard,different,important,possible...

It's+adj.+ofsbtodosth某人做某事是…

常用的adj.有kind/good/nice/clever等表示人品行

【典型例题】

(l)Ifsnecessaryus(learn)howtobehavewellatthedinner

table.

(2)isquiteeasymetofinishthejobtoday.

A.It；ofB.That；ofC.It；forD.That；for

15.differentadj.不同的

bedifferentfrom与...不同e.g.Asheepisdifferentfromagoat

thesameas...与...相同e.g.Ihavethesamebookasyou.

besimilarto与…相似e.g.Mynewhairissimilartoyours.

differencen.不同，差异makeadifferencetosb对某人产生影响

differentlyadv.不同地

【典型例题】

(l)Mymothersaysmyfriendissimilarme,butIthinksheisdifferent

me.

A.as；fromB.to;fromC.to;toD.as;to

(2)Theymaydescribethesameperson(different).

16.graden.成绩/年级

getgoodgrades取得好成绩

ClassTwo,GradesEight八年级二班

【典型例题】

(1)杰克在英语上取得了好成绩。(翻译)

(2)Helenstudiedhardlasttermandshegotexcellentinherexams.

A.giftsB.gradesC.rulesD.messages

17.Shouldv.应该+动词原形=besupposedto

e.g.Weshouldstudyhard.

否定句：Weshouldn'tstudyhard.

一般疑问句：Shouldyoustudyhard?

回答：Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't.

提问：Whatshouldyoudo?

【典型例题】

(1)1shouldgonow.

Inow.(变成肯定句)

younow?(变成一般疑问句)

Yes,./No,.

gonow.(对go提问)

Igonow?(同义句)

18.reach

(4)reach“伸手”

reachforsth伸手取某物

reachforyourhand伸手帮你一把

(5)reach“够得着”

Canyoureachthebookontheshelf?

(6)reach“到达”

reachsp.=arrivein/atsp尸gettosp.

【典型例题】

(2)Heistallenoughtothebookonthetopoftheshelf.(够得着)

(3)hiscarbrokedownontheway.However,hethereontimewiththe

helpofapoliceman.倒达)

18.hand

(3)hand"手”

eatwithhands用手吃

shakehandswithsb和某人握手

ontheonehand，ontheotherhand一方面...另一方面

(4)hand”传递,分发“(handout)

handin上交

【典型例题】

(l)Toeatsteak,youneedtoholdaknifeinhand,andaforkin

____________________.(一只…另一只)

(2)Ifsgoodmannerstoeat(用)yourrighthandwheneatinginIndia.

19.touch(v・感动；触摸)…touching(adj.令人感动的)…touched(adj.感动的)

Don'ttouchtheanimalinthezoo.

Hissadstorytouchedourhearts.

【典型例题】

(1)-LiDong,doyouknowZhangJiqing?

——Yes.Hedonated(捐赠)moneytobuildoldpeople'shomesandschoolsforso

manyyears.Hisstoryme.

A.savedB.missedC.touchedD.worried

20.heart

(3)putone'sheartinto全心全意投入

Aslongasweputourheartintoourstudy,wewillmakegreatprogress.

(4)learnsthbyheart记住；背诵

Readingthenewwordsaloudisagoodwaytolearnthembyheart.

15.fact

infac仁actually事实上

【典型例题】

(2)Daviddidn'tgotothemeeting.,hedidn'tknowthetimeofthemeeting

atall.

A.AtleastB.InfactC.IntheendD.

Allinall

21.break-broke

(4)break“破;裂；碎；损坏”

breakthewindows打破窗户

breakone'sarm/one'sleg摔坏手臂、腿

breaktherules打破规则

(5)breakdown(机器)出故障

Mycarbrokedownlastnight,soIhadtowalktowork.

(6)breakinto闯入

(7)break“休息”

have/takeabreak

(8)broken“破损的”

Becareful,theglassisbroken.

Lisacan'tcometoschooltodaybecauseofherbrokenarm.

【典型例题】

(1).-Iseveryoneheretoday?

—No.Markhisleginthebasketballgameyesterday.

A.breakB.breaksC.tobreakD.broke

17.sharev.分担，分享，共用，分摊

Wedon'thaveenoughbookssowehavetoshare.

（1）Sharesthwithsb与某人共同使用；与某人分享

Ishareanofficewithsoemotherteachers.

1）agoodfriendissomeoneyoucanyoupleasureandpainwith.

A.breakB.touchC.reachD.share

2）和我们分享他的故事（翻译）

22.辨析aloud/loud/loudly

单词词性用法

alouadv“出声地，大声地”，常与read连用，无比较级和

d最高级

loudadj“喧闹的，大声的"，inaloudvoice大声地

adv“大声地,IWJ声地”,常与speak,laugh,talk等连

用，比较级为louder

loudladv“大声地”暗含嘈杂、喧闹的意思，比较级为more

yloudly

loud;aloud;loudly

1）、Heshutthedoorwithaslam.

2）、JohnplayedCDstoo,whichmadehissisterangry.

3）、Wouldyoureadthepoem?

4）、Theyoungwomaninsistedonherright.

5)、Speak,Ican'thearyou.

6)、You