牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册《Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world》2024年同步练习卷

牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册《Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld》2024年同步练习卷一、填空题1．Hisdutyasa（politics）wastorepresenttheinterestsoftheworkingclass.2．Iftheweatherkeepsraining，thesportsmeetwillhaveto（postpone）again.3．（Devoted\Beingdevoted）totheresearchwork，hehasnotimetolookafterhischildren.4．（compare）withtheoldone，thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful．5．Theydon'tpermit（talk）loudlyinthelibrary.6．Anymedicine（take）withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.7．（approach）inthedark，thelightslookedlonelyandpurposeless.8．Icanneverfinda（good）placeforabirthdayparty.二、阅读理解9．JaneGoodallisbestknownforher26﹣yearstudyofthechimpsinthewild.There，shemadeseveralrevolutionarydiscoveriesthatmadeheroneofthegreatestfieldscientistsofthe20thcentury.BorninLondonin1934，theexpectationsforJanewerestandardforthetime：amarriagetoaniceman，followedbyafewchildren.Fortunately（幼虫）tobed；ratherthanscreaming，andtogether，theytookthembacktothegarden.JanewasabookwormwhoadmiredDoctorDolittleandlovedtheTarzannovels.Readingdiditsusuallyquietbutlife﹣changingthing：JanedevelopedadreamtogotoAfricaandliveamongthewildanimals.JanerealizedherdreamonJuly14，1960whenshearrivedatGombeStreamGameReservetostudythechimps.However，fortwomonths，runningawayfromher."ThemoreIthoughtofthetaskIhadsetmyself，themorediscouragedIbecame，"JanewroteinherfirstbookEventually，shebecamefamiliarwithamalechimpandhisbigfamily.Sheobservedthemkiss，hug，andshaketheirfingersateachother.Shewatchedthemactveryhuman﹣like.Oneday，movingquietlythroughthejungle，Janesawthemalechimpsitbesidealargetermitemound（白蚁土堆）Inanycase，Jane'sdiscoverybecamethetalkofthescientificworld.Harvard'sStephenJayGouldobserved，"Wemustnowre﹣thinkwhatthewords'tool'and'man'meanoracceptchimpsashumans."（1）WhatdidJane'smotherdowhenshefoundthewormsonthebed？A．Shestudiedthemcarefully.B．Sheshoutedatherdaughter.C．Shethrewthemintothegarden.D．Sheexplainedtheylikedthesoil.（2）WhichisthemajorreasonthatmadeJanedreamtoworkinthewild？A．DoctorDolittle'sinvitation.B．Herinterestinchimps.C．Thereadinginherchildhood.D．Hermother'sencouragement.（3）HowdidJanefeelduringthefirsttwomonthsinAfrica？A．Lonely.B．Frightened.C．Hopeless.D．Content.（4）WhatdidStephenJayGould'swordsimply？A．Chimpsshouldbeacceptedashumans.B．Jane'sdiscoveryisofgreatimportance.C．Onlyhumanbeingsknowhowtomakeuseoftools.D．Thescientistsshouldconfirmthemeaningofthewords.三、选词填空10．短语填空byaccident；farfrom；infavourof（1）chargingconsumershighprices，manyoftheseservicesarefreeofcharge.（2）Aclearmajorityofjudgeswerethatintelligentrobot.（3）Thedeliveryofhouseholdappliancesis.（4）Youshouldbeawarethatsuccessisnotsomethingthathappens.四、语法填空11．DianFosseywasanAmericanzoologistwhodevoted20yearsofherlife（1）thestudyandprotectionofAfrica'srareandendangeredmountaingorillas．ShereceivedinstructioninfieldworkfromchimpspecialistJaneGoodall，andbegan（2）（watch）andrecordingthebehaviorofmountaingorillas．HerworktookhertoZaireandthentoRwanda，（3）shefoundedtheKarisokeResearchCenter．Afteryearsof（4）（patience）observation，thegorillascametoknowandtrusther，andshefoundthatshecouldsitamongthegorillasandevenplay（5）（happy）withtheiryoung．In1980，sheattendedtheUniversityofCambridge．Afterwardsshetookup（6）teachingjobatCornellUniversityinNewYork，whereshewroteabook（7）（call）GorillasintheMistaboutherexperiencesinRwanda．In1984，shereturnedtotheKarisokeResearchCenter（8）（continue）herfieldwork．Whenherfavoritegorilla（9）（kill）bypoachers，Fosseystartedacampaignagainstpoaching．Sheraisedworldwideawarenessabouttheendangeredmountaingorillas，andtheanimalsarenowprotectedbythegovernmentofRwandaandsomeinternational（10）（organize），includingtheDianFosseyGorillaFund．五、单词拼写12．Inourcountry，everyonehasrightsand（自由）toexpresshisorherthoughtsandideas．13．Sandrawasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistence（得到回报）.14．Wefinishedlaterthanwe（打算，计划）.15．Thecaraccidentinvestigatorischargedwithbeingone﹣sidedand（偏袒，有利于）theoffender.16．（涂抹）thecreamtoyourfaceandneck.六、词性转换17．Theyoungscientistencounteredmanydifficultiesduringhis（explore）.18．wisdomn.智慧，知识，学问→adj.明智的；聪明的→adv.聪明地19．n．责任，职责→adj．负责的20．Wecannotaffordto（ignorance）theiradvice.21．Theyareincapableofthinking（intelligent）aboutpolitics.22．Theyweregoodfriendsbuttherewasnoromantic（involve）.23．Iwasn'texpectingyoutodoitfor（freedom）.24．She'sawomanofunusual（intelligent）.25．Thereissomuch（ignorant）aboutthisdeadlyillness.26．Inthecourseof（evolve），somebirdshavelostthepowerofflight.27．Standardsof（moral）seemtobedropping.七、翻译题28．authorityn.权威，权力；官方①当权者②拥有……的主权③有权做某事④在某人的授权下⑤未经某人的许可⑥根据……所授的权力；得到……的许可29．高度评价

牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册《Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld》2024年同步练习卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题1．【解答】答案：politician.介词后接名词作宾语，不定冠词a后接单数可数名词。2．【解答】答案：bepostponed.themeet与postpone之间是动宾关系。故填：be。3．【解答】句意：致力于研究工作，他没有时间照顾孩子，去掉be动词用过去分词作状语。故填：Devoted。4．【解答】答案：Compared考查过去分词．分析句子结构可知，因为所给的动词compare与其逻辑主语he是被动关系，compare的过去分词是comparedwith…意为"与…相比"．5．【解答】答案：talking.根据句意：他们不允许在图书馆大声说话。以及提示单词空格处缺少"说话"，允许做某事。故填talking。6．【解答】结合句意：任何未经医生建议而服用的药物都可能引起麻烦。taken为过去分词。故填taken。7．【解答】结合句意：在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义作伴随状语。故填Approached。8．【解答】句意：我再也找不到比这更好的地方来举办生日聚会了。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用否定词never和形容词比较级搭配。故填：better。二、阅读理解9．【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中"OncemotherthatJanebroughtaofbedthan，shethatnewfriendstheto，and，theythemtogarden.（有一次；她没有尖叫，她的新的小朋友'需要土壤来存活。）"可知，她解释说它们喜欢土壤。（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段中"Readingitsquietlife﹣changingdevelopedatotoandamongwild，阅读往往是平静却能改变生活的，和野生动物生活在一起，简梦想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年时代的阅读。（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段中"'TheIthoughttheIhadmyselfmoreIbecame，'wroteherbook..."可知，我就越泄气，简在非洲的头两个月感觉很绝望。（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句"'Wenowwhatwordsandmeanacceptas，哈佛大学的StephenGould说："我们现在必须重新思考'工具'和'人'的含义。"由此推断出Jay。故选B。三、选词填空10．【解答】（1）Farfrom.考查固定搭配，而不是向消费者收取高昂的价格from远非"，开头字母要大写from。（2）infavour。根据句意"显然大多数裁判员都支持那个智能机器人favour，作表语favour。（3）freeof。根据句意家用电器的送货是免费的of，作表语of。（4）byaccident.考查固定搭配。"可知要填的词为"by，作状语accident。四、语法填空11．【解答】（1）to．考查介词，她用了20年的时间研究和保护非洲珍稀濒危的山地大猩猩，固定搭配，后面接名词或代词等．（2）watching．考查动名词，并开始观察和记录山地大猩猩的行为，当谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，本句中观察和记录山地大猩猩的行为是一项长期的活动，故填watching．（3）where．考查定语从句，她先去了扎伊尔，在那里她建立了卡里索克研究中心，连接词指代先行词Rwanda在从句中作地点状语，故填where．（4）patient．考查形容词，大猩猩们开始了解并信任她，甚至可以快乐地和它们的幼崽玩耍，应用所给词的形容词patient"耐心的"．（5）happily．考查副词，大猩猩们开始了解并信任她，甚至可以快乐地和它们的幼崽玩耍，应用副词happily"快乐地"．（6）a．考查冠词，她就读于剑桥大学，在那里她写了一本书，讲述了她在卢旺达的经历，可数名词，故填a．（7）called．考查过去分词，她就读于剑桥大学，在那里她写了一本书，讲述了她在卢旺达的经历，此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词book，与book之间为动宾关系，故填called．（8）tocontinue．考查不定式，她回到卡里索克研究中心继续她的实地调查，此处在句子中作目的状语，故填tocontinue．（9）waskilled．考查被动语态，福西开始了一场反对偷猎的运动，从句中应用一般过去时favorite，与动词kill之间为被动关系，故填waskilled．（10）organizations．考查名词的数，这些动物现在受到卢旺达政府和一些国际组织的保护．空格前有形容词international修饰，some修饰可数名词的复数形式．五、单词拼写12．【解答】答案：freedom．考查翻译填空，要填入名词，后接名词宾语．13．【解答】答案：paidoff.根据中文意思"得到回报"，使用动词短语payoff。故答案为：paidoff.14．【解答】答案：intended.根据汉语提示"打算，计划"和空前的主语we可知，"打算，时态与主句的finished保持一致。15．【解答】根据题意，"偏袒，其中"with"为介词，该动词要用动名词的形式。故填：favouring。16．【解答】答案：Apply.根据中文意思可知使用动词短语apply…to…"把…涂到…"，句子是祈使句。故答案为：Apply.六、词性转换17．【解答】答案：exploration.形容词性物主代词his后应用名词，这里特指他的探索，故填：exploration。18．【解答】答案：wise；wisely.例如：Learnedmenarenotnecessarilywise.博学者未必都是聪明的。They'veinvestedtheirwisely.他们明智地把钱做了投资。故填：wise；wisely.19．【解答】答案是responsibility；responsible；responsibilityn，职责on）responsibility承担责任．妻子仍然对孩子承担大部分责任adj；beresponsiblefor对……负责的？谁应该对这种混乱负责？20．【解答】句意：我们不能忽视他们的建议。根据句意和所给单词可知横线处使用动词ignore意为"忽视"。故填：ignore。21．【解答】分析句子成分可知，设空处需用intelligent"聪明的"副词形式intelligently。故填：intelligently。22．【解答】句意：他们是非常要好的朋友，却没有任何暧昧关系；恋爱"故填：involvement。23．【解答】"forfree"为固定搭配，意为"免费"。故填：free。24．【解答】答案：intelligence.介词后接名词作宾语；intelligence是不可数名词。25．【解答】ign