2024-2025学年山东省莒县高考模拟信息考试英语试题（五）含解析

2024-2025学年山东省莒县高考模拟信息考试英语试题（五）注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Wehavetimeandagain____ourpositiononTaiwanissue!Whateverhappens,wewon’tchangeit!A．explained B．clarified C．introduced D．concluded2．Heisn’tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A．who B．whomC．that D．as3．Thefarmersareinbadneedofrain,buta(an)largeamountofrainfallwillcauseFloods.A．Eventually B．constantly C．gradually D．extremely4．Soabsorbed________inheryogaexercisesthatshetooknonoticeoftheheavyrainoutside.A．Marywas B．MaryhasbeenC．wasMary D．hasMarybeen5．Youshouldfirstexploreyourtalentsandgettoknowyourselfsoastomakealistof_________youthinkyourrealinterestslie.A．thatB．whatC．whereD．how6．ltwasinDecember,2018________ChairmanXiandPresidentTrumpmetinArgentina.A．when B．thatC．before D．since7．Wehaveonlytwentyminutesleft，sopleasegettothepointanddon’tsayanythingthatisn’t________toourproblem.A．relevantB．sensitiveC．familiarD．similar8．Everyclassroominthismodernschoolis________withanewTVsetonthewallandacomputerontheteacher'sdesk.A．equippedB．decoratedC．fixedD．placed9．Annsaidwheneverherfatherwasunhappyhe________gooutandbuysomething,usuallysomethinglargeanduseless.A．should B．couldC．would D．might10．Weworkduringtheweek，butweekendsandeveningsareusually________．A．vacant B．casual C．empty D．clear11．Yourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A．hasbeenB．isC．wasD．hadbeen12．IamabetterreaderthisyearthanIwaslastyearbecauseI________tohundredsofnewconceptsandideas.A．haveexposedB．hadbeenexposedC．havebeenexposedD．wasexposed13．KatewasverysadoverlossofthephotosshehadshotinChina,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A．ifB．whenC．asD．which14．Theiryoungestgirlisatthestage______shecansayasinglewordbutnotafullsentenceA．when B．whichC．that D．where15．We’dbettergonow,______we’llmissthetrain.A．butB．soC．otherwiseD．therefore16．Itwaswarmandnicethatevening.Istayedawakeuntileleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.A．onaverageB．onpurposeC．onbusinessD．ontime17．Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwill_____rememberingnothing.A．endup B．takeupC．leadto D．stickto18．IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tableto______.A．getaway B．dropin C．checkout D．holdon19．Mysonturnedtobookstoresandlibrariesseekinginformationaboutthebookrecommendedbyhisprofessor,but________none.A．wouldfind B．hadfoundC．found D．hasbeenfinding20．Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothing______.A．hadhappened B．happenedC．wouldhappen D．wouldhavehappened第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Howtohelpyourselvesfacingthefrequentoccurrenceofcrowdedstampede(踩踏)duringtheholiday?Ifyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostessentialthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundings.Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfawareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon,andknowthatinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevengroundcanheslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent,aspanicsituationscanoftenbepredicted.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute.Alwaysstayclosertotheescaperoute.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled(被踩踏).Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd;takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenuptomovesideways.Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest,likeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.Ifyoufall,getupquickly.Ifyoucan’tgetupbecauseyouareinjured,getsomeonetopullyoubackup.Ifyouhavekids,liftthemup.Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlupintothefetal(胎儿的)position(donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs).Theworstsituationistobepushedbythecrowdagainstanimmovableobject.Trytostayawayfromwalls,fencesorbarricades,asthecrowdpressurecanbuilduprapidly.1、Whatisthefirstimportantwhenyouareinacrowd?A．Protectyourbreast.B．Calltheambulancequickly.C．Presswiththecrowdtightly.D．Befamiliarwithyoursurroundingsquickly.2、Whatshouldyoudoifyoufallandcannotgetupinacrowd?A．Shoutatthecrowdloudly.B．Waitforsomeonetosaveyou.C．Coveryourheadwithyourarms.D．Layonthegroundwithoutmoving.3、Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindyourselfpressedinthemiddleofthecrowd?A．Cryforhelpandfightagainstthepressure.B．Movetowardsthesamedirectionofthecrowd.C．Keepstillandwaitforthecrowdtoleaveslowly.D．Keepbendingdownwithahandaroundyourhead.4、Whoisthesuitablereaderaboutthepassage?A．Thepeopleofallages. B．Thechildren.C．Theparents. D．Theteachers.22．（8分）AndthentherewerenineThepasttwodecadeshaveseenastronomers’catalogueofplanetsexpandovertwohundredtimes,asnewtechniquesandbettertelescopeshavefoundmorethan2,000ofthemorbitingstarsotherthanthesun.Butinthesolarsystemitself,thelistofplanetshasactuallyshrunk,Pluto（冥王星）havingbeendowngradedfromthatstatusin2006.Thenumberofthesun’splanetarycompanionshasthusfallenfromninetoeight.Now,apairofastronomersfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologythinktheyhaveevidencethatwillrestorethesun’srecordtoitspreviousvalue.TheiranalysisofobjectsorbitingintheKuiperBelt（柯伊伯带）,aringoffrozenasteroids（小行星）thatcirclebeyondtheorbitofNeptune(andofwhichPlutoisnowregardedasthelargestmember),suggeststothemthatsomethingabouttentimesasmassiveasEarthhaschangedthoseorbits.Ifyouknewwheretolook,thisplanet-sizedobjectwouldbevisiblethroughasuitabletelescope.AndKonstaninBatyginandMichaelBrownbelievetheydoknow.AstheywriteintheAstronomicaljournal,theyhaveanalyzedtheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsandfoundsixthatbehaveinapeculiarway.Asthediagramshows,thepointsofclosestapproachoftheseobjectstothesun,knownastheirperihelia（近日点）,almostcoincide.Moreover,theseperiheliaalllieneartheecliptic（黄道）---theplaneofEarth’sorbitandalso,approximately,thatoftheotherplanets---whiletheobjects’orbitsareallangledat30°belowtheecliptic.Thechanceofallthisbeingacoincidence,thetworesearchersestimate,isaboutsevenin100,000.Ifitisnotacoincidence,itsuggeststhesixobjectshavebeenguidedintotheirorbitsbythegravitationalinterventionofsomethingmuchlarger.AcomputeranalysisDrBatyginandDrBrownperformedsuggeststhissomethingisaplanetweighing5-15timesasmuchasEarth,whoseperihelionisontheoppositesideofthesunfromthecluster,andwhichthusorbitsmainlyontheothersideofthesolarsystemfromtheobjectsitsorbithasaffected.Thisplanet’sperihelionwouldbe200timesfartherfromthesunthanEarth’s,andthefarendofitsorbitmightbeasmuchassixtimesthatdistanceaway.Thisgivesasearchzone,andDrBatyginandDrBrownareusingSubaru,aJapanesetelescope,toperformthatsearch.GivenotherdemandsonSubaru’stime,itmighttakefiveyearsforthissearchtofind(ornotfind)thehypotheticalplanet.Butlookingatsomeexistingdatafrom.TheWidefieldInfraredSurveyExplore,asatellite,mightalsoshowit,ifitistheretobeseen.Ironically,itwasDrBrownasmuchasanyonewhowasresponsibleforPluto’sdowngrading,forhediscoveredEris,anobjectalmostasbigasPluto,in2005.ThatdiscoverydidmuchtodamagePluto'splanetaryproof.Byhisownadmission,hewasskepticalthattheanomaliesheandDrBatyginhaveinvestigatedactuallywouldpointtotheexistenceofareplacementninthplanet.Heisaskepticnolonger.Whetherheisactuallyrightmaysoonbecomeapparent.1、AccordingtoDrBatyginandDrBrown’sresearch,itisquitepossiblethat________.A．PlutowillrestoreitsstatusasaplanetofthesolarsystemB．thesixobjectsintheKuiperBeltsharingsomesimilaritiesisamerecoincidenceC．therearenineplanetsinthesolarsystemD．Erisisareplacementninthplanetofthesolarsystem2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthehypotheticalplanet?A．ItmayhavechangedtheorbitsofsixobjectsintheKuiperBelt.B．Youcanseeitthroughadomestictelescopeifyouknowwheretolook.C．Comparedtoearth,thedistancefromitsperiheliontothesunisabout200timeslarger.D．Asatellitemaybeabletoprovidesomeevidenceofitsexistence.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordanomaliesstandfor?A．Sixobjectsbehavinginapeculiarway.B．Pluto’sdowngrading.C．ThediscoveryofEris.D．Someexistingdata.4、Thepurposeofthethirdparagraphisto________.A．explainwhythescientistsbelievethereisanunfoundplanetB．showhowthescientistsanalyzetheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsC．tellusthattheperiheliaofthesixobjectsalmostcoincideD．introducethetwoscientists’articleintheAstronomicalJournal23．（8分）EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe’sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla’smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”OpenAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmancofoundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11，2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”Musk’sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(谣言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,”Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.1、WhydoesEldonMuskleavehisposition?A．TocreatesaferAI.B．TobuildpowerfulInternet.C．Todevelopsocialcommunication.D．ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.2、WhatistheEldonMusk’sattitudetowardstheAI?A．Ambiguous.B．Supportive.C．Negative.D．Sympathetic.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A．Poisonous.B．Unpopular.C．Advanced.D．Traditional.4、WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye’scomments?A．Level5autonomyisimpossible.B．TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C．HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI.D．Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.24．（8分）Imagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpersoncompanyandhelpthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceiveda$3-million-dollarawardfromtheNationalScienceFoundationforaspecialproject.Theywanttofindwaystoaddartificialintelligence,orA．I.,toHasbro’s“JoyforAll”roboticcat.Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedover1000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“companion”forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.ResearchersatBrown’sHumanity-CenteredRoboticsInitiativeareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingthepersontotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.ItisanideathathasappealedtoJeanneElliott.Her93-year-oldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia(痴呆).TheJoyforAllcatthatElliottboughtthisyearhasbecomeatruecompanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepshercalmwhileEliotisatwork.Elliottsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillcommunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.1、What’sthepurposeoftheproject?A．Torelievethepainoftheelderly.B．Topromotethesalesofamedicine.C．Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.D．Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.2、Comparedwiththeoldmodel,thenewroboticcatwillbe________.A．cheaperB．smallerC．moretalkativeD．moreexpensive3、WhatdoesParagraph3intendtotellus?A．Themorefunctionsofthecat,thebetter.B．Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.C．Thereisnocurefordementiaatpresent.D．MaryDerrwouldhavediedwithoutthecat.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.B．Feelingsofsadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.C．Eachfamilycanaffordsuchacatinthefuture.D．Thefeelingofbeingneededisvitaltotheelderly.25．（10分）Whatwereyoulikeasateenager?Iwasanightmare.Iwasrudetomyparents,alwaysstayedoutlate,neverdidmyhomework,hungoutwiththewrongpeopleandmadelotsofbaddecisions.Apparently,thisistheagewhenteenagersareoutofcontrolandbehavebadly.Maybe，ifyou’reateenagernow,youthinkthisisunfaircriticismorit’snotyourfault.Well,youmightberight!Expertshavefoundthatit’sateenager’sbrainthatistoblame.Betweentheagesofapproximately13to19—aperiodknownasadolescence—thebrainisstilldevelopinginareasthatcontrolbehavior.Thishasaninfluenceonlearningandmultitasking(同时做多件事情),stressandmemory,sleep,addiction,anddecision-making.Forparents,theseconsequencesoftenmanifestthemselvesinavarietyofbehaviorsthattheymayhavepreviouslyblamedonhormonesorjustmoodiness(喜怒无常).Thisisquiteanewdiscovery,accordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,who,speakingontheBBCradioprogramTheLifeScientific,says,“whenIwasatuniversity,thedogma(教条)inthetextbookswasthatthevastmajorityofbraindevelopmentgoesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuchchangesaftermid-childhood.Thatdogmaiscompletelyfalse.”AccordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,students’notbeingabletogettheirhomeworkdoneontimehassomethingtodowithourprefrontalcortex—that’sthepartofourbrainrightatthefront,justbehindtheforehead.Shesays,“it’sinvolvedinawholerangeofveryhigh-levelcognitive(认知的)taskssuchasdecisionmakingandplanning—weknowthatthisregionisundergoingverylargeamountsofdevelopmentduringtheadolescentyears.”Thisisthepartofthebrain,mainlyinvolvedinplanning,and,forateenager,thishasn’tdevelopedyet.Sogettingorganizedtodotheirhomework,forexample,cancomeasabitofachallenge.IwishI’dknownaboutthisbecauseinsteadoftellingmyteacherI’dleftmyhomeworkonthebusorthatthedoghadeatenit.NowIcouldsay,“Sorrysir,mybrainisn’tdevelopedenoughforthecognitivetaskofplanningmyhomework.”1、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thegrowingpainsofteenagers.B．Thedogmainthetexthookswasfalse.C．Anewdiscoveryabouttheteenager’sbrain.D．Thestudents’newchallengeofdoingtheirhomework.2、Accordingtotheauthor,whyisitabitofchallengeforstudentstodotheirhomework?A．Thestudentsaremoody.B．Hormonesaretoblame.C．Thereistoomuchhomework.D．Thebrainsofthestudentshaven’tbeendeveloped.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmanifestmean?A．Develop. B．Show.C．Abandon. D．Experience.4、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．Thevastmajorityofbraindoesn’tdevelopaftermid-childhood.B．Allofthestudentsarenightmaresforparentsduringadolescence.C．Prefrontalcortexisundergoinglargeamountsofdevelopmentduringchildhood.D．Theprefrontalcortexhassomethingtodowithmanyhigh-levelcognitivetasks.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）ItookanairplanetoBeijinginFebruary,onanAirCanadaBoeing777.1allwereseated,Iusedmycomputerforawhile.Aheadofmetomyright,akidwas2.IwentuptoaChinesewoman.Shehadinherarmsakidthat3crying.Itoldthemotherthatthekidneededtobewalkedandthenshewould4andsleep.Iknewthisbecauseiamafatheroffour5children.Thewoman,whowasfromNorthYork,saidshewastootiredasshehadbeen6thewholenightbefore.I7towalkthekidsoshecouldgetsomesleep.AsItookthekidinmyarms,I8herforthekid’snameandage.Ithenstarted9walkinguptothefrontoftheeconomysection.Thekidimmediatelyfelltosleep.WhenIgotbacktothemother’s10,Ifoundherfastasleep.Ikeptwalkingforoversixhoursandwalkedslowly11.Sinceitwasa13-hourflight,IwalkedhalfwaytoChina-12akid.Womenonboardwould13meduringmylongwalk,wantingtoseethekid.Onewomanaskmesomequestionslike“Howmany14doyouhave?”“Four,”Isaid.Shelooked15atmywrinkled(有皱纹的)faceandwhitehair(Iwasalmost60)andsaid,“Well,Ihopethisisyour16one.”ShethoughtIwasMary’s17.Ijust18andwalkedon.WhenIwasbacktothemother,themother19.IgaveMarybacktoher,who20soundasleep.1、A．Before B．After C．Though D．Unless2、A．singing B．talking C．sleeping D．crying3、A．kept B．started C．practised D．stopped4、A．breakdown B．goahead C．settledown D．setoff5、A．grown B．energetic C．curious D．slim6、A．down B．back C．away D．up7、A．deserved B．offered C．pretended D．agreed8、A．requested B．commanded C．asked D．consulted9、A．slowly B．quickly C．calmly D．strongly10、A．home B．seat C．calmly D．strongly11、A．upsidedown B．insideout C．dayandnight D．upanddown12、A．watching B．carrying C．tricking D．seeking13、A．spot B．remind C．stop D．award14、A．customers B．passengers C．members D．children15、A．obviously B．confidently C．closely D．firmly16、A．last B．active C．naughty D．troubled17、A．mother B．teacher C．father D．nurse18、A．refused B．smiled C．apologized D．sighed19、A．woke B．left C．wandered D．shouted20、A．turned B．fell C．remained D．looked第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）AgrapeseedthatfallsintothesoilofXinjiangisveryfortunate,asXinjiangis1．(well)suitedforgrowinggrapesthananywhereelseHere,agrapeseedcangrowtoitsfullpotential2．itshighaltitudes(海拔),longperiodsofdryweatherandabundantsunshine,XinjiangproducesfruitswithextremelyhighsugarcontentEveryfall,alargenumberofgrapes3．(ship)fromXinjiangtootherpartsofChina,andtherestaremadeintoraisinsforeasystorageInthevineyardsofMoyu,thankstothehotanddryclimatethat4．(result)frombeingsurroundedbythedesert,hugequantitiesoflargeand5．(juice)grapeswithverythinskinsareproducedThesegrapesbringwealthaswellastheirdelicious6．(sweet)tothelocalsInmid-September,7．theirSeedlessWhitegrapesripen,localfarmersarebusypickinggrapestobetransportedtootherpartsofthecountryBunchesofglowingwhitegrapeshangonthevines,waitingtobepickedIfyoupickoneandput8．inyourmouth,youwill9．(sure)neverforgetthewonderfultasteproducedbythe10．(burn)sunandthedesertwindofsouthernXinjiang第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该同下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Today,Ivisitmyoldhouse、Ilivedthereoneandahalfyearago、WhenIamatschool,Ioftenthinkmyoldhousebecauseitmademehappyinthepast、Myoldhouse,thathasonlytworooms,isverytidyandbright、