吉林省长春市市第八十七中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析

吉林省长春市市第八十七中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.---Howdoyoulikethesetwobooks?---Idon’tlike_____ofthem．OneisOK,buttheotherisratherboring.

A．all

B．any

C．either

D．both参考答案：D2.Thereisstillsomedoubt_________heisthebestmanforthejob.A.that

B.when

C.which

D.whether参考答案：D3.Shecouldn’thelp__________whensheheardthatwecouldn’thelp__________thehouse.A.tocry;toclean

B.crying;cleaning

C.tocry;cleaning

D.crying;toclean参考答案：D略4.Wefeel_______ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.

A.that

B.this

C.it

D.one参考答案：C略5.Mrs.Taylorhas________8-year-olddaughterwhohas________giftforpainting—shehaswontwonationalprizes.A.a;a

B.an;the

C.

the;

a

D.an;a参考答案：D6.Theeffectteachers_____childrenisgreaterthanthatofparents.

A.haveon

B.geton

C.makeup

D.takein参考答案：A35.Shewon’tleave_______herfriendscomeback.A.since

B.when

C.after

D.until参考答案：D略8.Mynewclassmatetoldusabouthistripto______GreatWall.Hesaiditwas_______exciting

experienceforhim.

A.the;an

B.不填;the

C.the;不填

D.不填;a参考答案：A9.—Ihaven’tgotmycompositionnotebookyet,andI’mafraidthatIamgoingtobeoutofluck.

—Don’tworry.You__________haveitafterMissLiushowsittoyourclass.A.could

B.shall

C.must

D.may参考答案：B10.Everythingdependson_______theywillsupportyouaboutit.A.if

B.which

C.whether

D.that参考答案：C11.Nowadays,peopleare__________tosmartphonessomuchthattheyevenusethemwhiledriving.A.applied

B.relatedC.addicted

D.responded参考答案：C【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，人们对智能手机上瘾，甚至在开车时也会使用智能手机。A.be

appliedto应用于；B.berelatedto与---有关；C.be

addictedto沉迷于；D.respondedto响应，回应。故选C。12.Becauseoftheheavysnow,somedistantJapanesevillagesare______fromtherestofthecountry.

A.cutoff

B.cutout

C.cutdown

D.cutin参考答案：A略13.Therearelotsofdifferentwaysto__________whatyouwanttoexpresstotargetconsumerswhenyouareputtingtogetheranadcampaign. A.getdown

B.getinto C.getthrough D.getacross参考答案：D14.Hisattitude______workmadehisbossangry.A.in B.on

C.at D.to参考答案：D略15.-----wherehashisbrotherbeen?

------Nooneknows.Hehasreturnedhomesafelybuthismissingmadethepolice_____.A.topuzzle

B.puzzling

C.puzzled

D.bepuzzled参考答案：c略16.It’smucheasiertomakefriends____youhavesimilarinterests.A.unless

B.when C.eventhough

D.sothat参考答案：B句意：既然你们有共同的兴趣，交朋友就更加容易。这里使用连词连接状语从句，A.unless除非，B.when当…时候，既然，C.eventhough甚至，D.sothat因此，所以选B。【考点】连词【试题延伸】此题主要考查连词的辨析，选择连词主要是看前后句的关系，因果关系用表因果的连词，转折关系用转折连词，并列关系用并列连词，要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力和词义辨析能力。【举一反三】Somepeoplegetintouchwitheachotherbymobilephones__________otherskeepcontactwitheachotherbye-mail.A.when

B.before

C.while

D.sinceC考查连词：A.when当…时候B.before在…之前C.while当…时候，然而，虽然，D.since既然，句意：一些人通过手机彼此联系，然而一些人通过电子邮件联系。选C。17.Thegirlbecamefamousbecauseofthepartshe______inthefilm.A.put

B.got

C.had

D.played参考答案：D18.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromhisclass_____hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.A.why

B.was

C.that

D.because参考答案：C二、短文改错19.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastevening,IwenttoateahousewithmybestfriendsSusan.Beforetheteawasserving,wetalkedtoeachotherhappily.Whenwaitercametouswiththetea,wedidn’tseehim.Unfortunately,Susanraisesherhandtocombherhairjustwhenthewaiterbenttoputtheplateonthetable.Herhandhittothecup,andtheteawasspatteredonhertrousers.Inmysurprise,insteadofcomplaining,Susansmiled,”Soluckythatit’snotonmywhiteshirt,andIcan’tevencleanit.”Hiswordswereveryinspiring.Wecouldn’tforeseethatwouldhappen,butlookingatitinapositivelywaycouldmakeusalwayshappy.参考答案：1.friends-friend

2.serving-served

3.waiter–thewaiter

4.raises-raised

5.去掉to

6.In-To

7.and-or

8.His–Her

9.that-what

10.positively-positive

20.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。YesterdaymyfriendLindaandIhadlunchatthepizzeria(做披萨饼的店)behindourschool.IknowLindaisn'tcrazyforpizzas;shecamealongjustbecauseme.Atthetablenexttome,thereweretwoguysfromourclass.Oneofthemwasreallyfunnily.Hetriedtoimitateallthepeopleinthepizzeria.Wecouldn'tstoptolaughing.Butthereweresomecustomerwhodidnotlikethefactwhichtwoboyswereimitatingthem.Theycomplainedtoanowneroftherestaurant,andhecameoverandtellthemtostop.ItwasapitybecauseLindaandIwasreallyhavingfun!参考答案：YesterdaymyfriendLindaandIhadlunchatthepizzeria(做披萨饼的店)behindourschool.I

knowLindaisn'tcrazyforpizzas;shecamealongjustbecause∧me.Atthetablenexttome,there

about

of

us/ours

weretwoguysfromourclass.Oneofthemwasreallyfunnily.Hetriedtoimitateallthepeoplein

funny

thepizzeria.Wecouldn'tstoptolaughing.Butthereweresomecustomerwhodidnotlikethefact

to

customers

whichtwoboyswereimitatingthem.Theycomplainedtoanowneroftherestaurant,andhecamethat

theoverandtellthemtostop.ItwasapitybecauseLindaandIwasreallyhavingfun!

told

were

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友去披萨店遇到了同班两个男孩，其中一个男孩模仿店里的其他客人，逗乐了作者和朋友，她们度过了快乐的时光。【详解】1.考查固定短语。此处考查短语becrazyabout热衷于/对……着迷。故将for改为about。2.考查介词。此处考查because和becauseof的区别，because+句子，becauseof+词，又me是代词，故用becauseof。故在because后加of。3.考查代词。句意：在我们旁边的桌子/在我们的桌子旁，有两个来自我们班的男孩。联系上文，“我和朋友琳达”同时来到披萨店，所以此处应用us代指“我们两”，也可以用“ours”代指“我们的桌子旁”。故将me改为us/ours。4.考查形容词。此处应用形容词作为was的表语，故将funnily改为funny。5.考查短语。句意：我们止不住地笑。结合句意，此处考查短语stopdoingsth（停止做某事），故将stop后的to删除。6.考查名词的数。customer是可数名词，根据前面的were和some可知此处应用它的复数形式，故将customer改为customers。7.考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，fact之后是同位语从句，从句twoboyswereimitatingthem.成分和意义都完整，故用连接词that。故将which改为that。8.考查冠词。句意：他们向餐馆的老板投诉，然后老板过来制止他们。结合句意可知，此处特指餐馆的老板，故应用定冠词the。故将an改为the。9.考查时态。本文讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且and和complained也提示此处应用一般过去时，故将tell改为told。10.考查主谓一致。主语LindaandI是复数，故谓语动词应该和主语保持一致。故将was改为were。三、阅读理解21.VitaminBcouldhelplessentheeffectsofthemostdangeroustypeofairpollution，accordingtoanewstudypublishedrecently.Inthefirststudyofitskind，ateamofinternationalresearcherslookedatthedamagecausedbyoneofthepollutantsthathasthemostsevereimpactonhealth：PM2.5.Particulatematter，orPM,isatypeofairpollutantconsistingofsmallparticlesofdifferentsizes.PM2.5hasadiameteroffewerthan2.5micrometers，about30timessmallerthanahumanhair.Theseparticlesaresosmallthattheycangointoourrespiratorysystem(呼吸系统),resultinginlungandsystemicinflammation(炎症)andstress.TheteamfoundthatsomethingassimpleasadailyvitaminBsupplementcouldpotentiallyreducetheimpactofthetinyparticlesonthehumanbody，althoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall.Forthisstudy，10volunteerswereinitiallyexposedtocleanairandgivenaplacebo(安慰剂)tochecktheirresponses.ThegroupthentookanotherplaceboforfourweeksbeforebeingexposedtoheavilypollutedairfromdowntownToronto,whereanestimated1，000carspasseveryhour.Thebadairwasdeliveredtothevolunteersthroughan“oxygen-type”facemask.Theexperimentwasthenrepeated,witheachvolunteertakingaBvitaminsupplementdailymadeupof2.5mgoffolicacid,50mgofvitaminB6，and1mgofvitaminB12.B6canbefoundinliver，chickenandnuts,andB12infish，meat，eggs，milkandsomecereals.TheresearchersfoundthatfourweeksofBvitaminsupplementsreducedthedamageofPM2.5exposureby28%—76%.TheresultshighlighthowpreventionatanindividuallevelcouldbeusedtofighttheharmfuleffectsofPM2.5.28．WhyisPM2.5harmfultoourhealth?A．Itpollutesandpoisonstheair.

B．Itistoomuchtobegotridof.C．Itcarriesvirusesanddiseases.

D．Itiseasilybreathedinanddamagesourbody.29．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．Theprocessoftheresearchwasnotscientific.B．Thiskindofresearchhasbeendonemanytimes.C．Furtherstudiesareneededtoconfirmtheirfindings.D．VitaminBishardtoobtaininpeople'sdailylife.30．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Internationalresearchershaveanewfinding.B．VitaminBcouldreducethedamageofPM2.5.C．Particulatematterdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.D．Emissioncontrolandregulationarebadlyneeded.31．Thenewstudywasprobablypublished________．A．inasciencejournal

B．onagovernmentwebsiteC．inafashionmagazine

D．inamedicaltextbook参考答案：28-31DCBA

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的PM2.5(细颗粒物)会导致疾病。不过，研究发现维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM2.5的危害。28.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theseparticlesaresosmallthattheycangointoourrespiratorysystem(呼吸系统)，resultinginlungandsystemicinflammation(炎症)andstress”可知，PM2.5(细颗粒物)很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。29.【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“althoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。30.【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到PM2.5的定义以及PM2.5的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害，所以B项最能概括文章主旨。31.【解析】推理判断题。该文的内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以A项正确。22.Nooneisgladtohearthathisbodyhastobecutopenbyasurgeonandpartofittakenout.Today,however,weneedn’tworryaboutfeelingpainduringtheoperation.Thesickpersonfallsintoakindofsleep,andwhenheawakes,theoperationisfinished.Butthesehappyconditionsarefairlynew.Longago,operationhadusuallytobedonewhilethesickmancouldfeeleverything.Thesickmanhadtobehelddownonatablebyforcewhilethedoctorsdidtheirbestforhim.Hecouldfeelallthepainifhislegorarmwasbeingcutoff,andhisfearfulcriesfilledtheroomandtheheartsofthosewhowatched.Soonafter1770,JoseptPriestleydiscoveredagaswhichisnowcalled“laughinggas”.LaughinggasbecameknowninAmerica.Youngmenandwomenwenttopartiestotryit.Mostofthemspenttheirtimelaughing,butonemanatapart