辽宁省新高考联盟（点石联考）高二下学期3月份阶段测试英语试题-1

绝密★启用前(点石联考)2023—2024学年度下学期高二年级3月份阶段测试英语本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydofirst?A.Playfootball.B.Gotothecinema.C.Finishhishomework.2.Whereisthenecklacenow?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthebedroom.3.WhatisthewomanprobablyrelatedtoHenry?A.Hiscolleague.B.Hiswife.C.Hisboss.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gototherestaurant.B.Typethedocument.C.Seeadentist.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HemissedtheTVprogram.B.Hedoesn’tliketheprogramatall.C.Heexperiencesapowerfailureeverynight.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow.B.Acpanyhisparents.C.Buyticketsonline.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.What’swrongwiththewoman’sroom?A.It’snotquiet.B.It’salittledark.C.It’ssmelly.9.Whatisthewoman’sfinaldecision?A.Movingtoanotherroom.B.Checkinginanotherhotel.CWaitingforanonsmokingroom.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whomdoesthewomanchoosejewelryfor?A.Herself.B.Hermother.C.Herfriend.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Aringofsize6andalongnecklace.B.Aringofsize7andalongnecklace.C.Aringofsize7andashortnecklace.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenecklace?A.Itspricedependsonitsquality.B.It’scheaperthanthering.C.Thelongeroneismoreexpensivethantheshorterone.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whencanpeopleenjoytheartexhibition?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnThursday.14.Howdoesthisyear’sballetperformancedifferfromthatoflastyear?A.Admissionisfree.B.Itwillbeatthetheater.C.Therewillbetwoperformances.15.Wherewillthemaskpartybeheld?A.Inthepiazza.B.Intheconcerthall.C.Inthetheater.16.HowmuchisafamilyticketforTheLittlePrince?A.$8.B.$10.C.$15.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whousuallyreadsthemorningannouncements?A.Timmy.B.Mr.McKinney.C.PrincipalJohnson.18.Whenisthelastdayofschool?A.May20th.B.NextWednesday.C.Onemonthfromtoday.19.Forwhatdoesthespeakerapologize?A.Thelibraryhours.B.Thehomework.C.Theputers.20.WhatwilltakeplaceonSaturdayafternoon?A.Asoftballgame.B.Abasketballgame.C.Abaseballgame.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASometimesacmodationcanfeelrestrictingwhenyou’retraveling.Ifyou’reinanunfamiliarcountry,itmightbetempting(有吸引力的)justtogoandstayinahotel.Itdoesn’thurttostepoutofyourfortzonefromtimetotimethough,andthereareplentyofacmodationoptionsthataren’thotelsthatareeasilyaccessibleandnottoohardonthewallet.HomeSwapThereisawaytostayinabeautifulhomeforaminimalcost.Thehiddendisadvantage?Astrangerisalsostayinginyourhome.Homeswapsareincreasinginpopularityandtherearesitesdedicatedtogivingyoupeaceofmindsothatyoucanenjoyyourholidayinthefortthatyourhomeisn’tbeingmessedup.HouseboatTheperfectoptionforthosewholovethewater,houseboatseinalllevelsofluxury,soyoushouldbeabletofindonethatsuitsyourbudget.Itcouldbetoughtogetthehangofcontrollingyourhomeifyou’reunfamiliarwithboats,butitaskillthatyoushouldpickuprelativelyquickly!IglooObviouslynotanoptioninanywherewarm,stayinginaniglooforanightisactuallyalotwarmerthanyouthink!Don’tworryaboutacmodationexperience,thereareplentyofigloosaroundtheworldthatcanprovideservicesasvariedasicebarsandhotbathtubs,soyoucansurvivethisoddexperienceinfortandwithoutfreezing.CottageAgreatwaytoprovidefreedomanda“homeawayfromhome”feelingistorentacottageonyourholiday.Acottagecangiveauthentic,homeyfeeltoaforeigncountry.Mostcanfortablyfitafamilyandgivechildrenplentyofspacetoplay,soacottageisagreatoptionforthefamilyholiday.1.Whatistheadvantageofhomeswap?A.Itcanmaketravelersrelaxed. B.Ithasbeautifullydecoratedrooms.C.Itprovidesgoodtraditionalcuisine. D.Itcanhelpyouinteractwithastranger.2.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinanigloo?A.fort. B.Diet. C.Location. D.Reservation.3.Whichacmodationbestsuitsabigfamilywithchildren?A.HomeSwap. B.Houseboat. C.Cottage. D.Igloo.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了外出旅游时其他值得体验的住宿方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HomeSwap部分“Homeswapsareincreasinginpopularityandtherearesitesdedicatedtogivingyoupeaceofmindsothatyoucanenjoyyourholidayinthefortthatyourhomeisn’tbeingmessedup(房屋交换越来越受欢迎，有一些网站致力于让你安心，这样你就可以在舒适的环境中享受假期，你的家不会被弄乱)”可知，房屋互换的优点是可以让旅行者放松下来。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Igloo部分“Don’tworryaboutacmodationexperience,thereareplentyofigloosaroundtheworldthatcanprovideservicesasvariedasicebarsandhotbathtubs,soyoucansurvivethisoddexperienceinfortandwithoutfreezing.(不要担心住宿体验，世界上有很多冰屋，可以提供各种服务，如冰吧和热浴缸，所以你可以舒适地度过这段奇怪的经历，而不会被冻)”推知，舒适度是人们住冰屋时最关注的问题。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Cottage部分“Mostcanfortablyfitafamilyandgivechildrenplentyofspacetoplay,soacottageisagreatoptionforthefamilyholiday.(大多数小屋都能舒适地容纳一个家庭，并给孩子们足够的玩耍空间，所以小屋是家庭度假的绝佳选择)”可知，小别墅适合一家人一起出游时居住。故选D。BTheFrenchcouple,KatiaandMauriceKrafft,sharedanattractiontovolcanoes,onethatperhapsapproachedanaddiction.Therearemanypeopleinterestedinvolcanoes,butveryfewwhoarewillingtoclimbaneruptingcrater(火山口)andapproachtheflowinglava(岩浆).KatiaandMauricedidalotofwork,shootingphotographsandfilmsofvolcanoeruptions,alwaysbeingthefirstonthesceneofanactivevolcano,andtheoneswhofearlesslycametojustafewfeetfromlavaflows.Theywerenotonlyhighlyrespectedbyvolcanologistsallaroundtheworld,butalsoenvied.Thecouplemetinthe1960swhentheywerebothstudentsattheUniversityofStrasbourg,andgotmarriedin1970.Bothofthemwereattractedtovolcanoessincechildhood.Upongraduating,KatiaandMauricepursuedtheircareersasvolcanoobserverswithnofinancialsupportatall,justtheirownsavings,whichtheyspentonatriptoStrombolitoobservetheeruptionofthevolcano.Theytookanincredibleandvaluablesetofphotographsofthenearcontinuouseruption.Peoplewerecuriousaboutthephotographs,whilepublicofficialsworkingonthreateningvolcanoesfoundthemuseful.ThisinterestintheirworkhelpedtheFrenchcoupletoestablishacareerindocumentingeruptions.Nowabletoobtainfinancialsupportfortheirwork,KatiaandMauricevisitedhundreds,ifnotthousands,ofvolcanoesaroundtheglobe.Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.InJune1991,alongwith40otherpeople,theKrafftssetouttofilmtheeruptionatMountUnzeninJapan.Asuddenandunexpectedflowtookplaceandallthepeopleinitspathwerekilled.LaterinvestigationrevealedthatKatia’sandMaurice’sbodieswereclosesttothevolcanocrater.Theywere44and45yearsoldrespectively.Intheir25yearlongcareer,thecoupledocumentedhundredsofvolcanoes,andtheirworkconsistsofthousandsofsillphotos,300hoursofffilmmaterials,anumberofbooks,andscientificarticlespublishedinBulletinofVolcanology.4.Whendidthecouplestarttheircareersasvolcanoobservers?A.Aschildren. B.Whilestudyingatcollege.C.Whenleavinguniversity. D.Aftergettingmarried.5.Whatisuniquetothecouple’sphotographsofvolcanoes?A.Theyfocusedonthreateningvolcanoes.B.Theyweretakenwiththeirownsavings.C.Theyrecordedcontinuouseruptionofvolcanoes.D.Theywereshotatashorterdistancefromlavaflows.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thecoupledidn’tgetpreparedbeforesettingout.B.Thecouplehadbeenmarriedfor25yearsbeforetheaccident.C.Thecouplemadeagreatfortunewithwhattheyshot.D.Thecouplewentaheadoftherestatthelastminute.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethecouple?A.Caringanddemanding. B.Promisingandoptimistic.C.Braveanddevoted. D.Dynamicandcalm.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了法国火山科学家Katia和MauriceKrafft夫妇的火山探索故事。他们曾经拍摄了许多令人难以置信的火山熔岩镜头，对尽可能接近火山爆发地点有着共同的热情，这种热情远远超过了人类历史上大多数人敢于接近这些危险之地的程度。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Upongraduating,KatiaandMauricepursuedtheircareersasvolcanoobserverswithnofinancialsupportatall,justtheirownsavings,whichtheyspentonatriptoStrombolitoobservetheeruptionofthevolcano.(毕业后，Katia和Maurice在没有任何经济支持的情况下从事火山观察员的职业，只有他们自己的积蓄，这些积蓄是他们去Stromboli观察火山喷发时花的。)”可知，夫妇二人大学一毕业就开始了他们的火山探索事业。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.(他们旅行并记录火山喷发，总是比任何人都更接近危险。)”可知，他们选择了比其他人接近火山口的地方拍摄火山照片，这是别人难以做到的，也让他们的照片与众不同。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“LaterinvestigationrevealedthatKatia’sandMaurice’sbodieswereclosesttothevolcanocrater.(后来调查显示，Katia和Maurice的身体离火山口最近。)“可知，在生命最后一刻，夫妇二人是离火山口最近的，这对夫妇在最后一刻走在了其他人的前面。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.(他们旅行并记录火山喷发，总是比任何人都更接近危险。)”和最后一段“Intheir25yearlongcareer,thecoupledocumentedhundredsofvolcanoes,andtheirworkconsistsofthousandsofsillphotos,300hoursofffilmmaterials,anumberofbooks,andscientificarticlespublishedinBulletinofVolcanology”（在他们25年的职业生涯中，这对夫妇记录了数百座火山，他们的工作包括数千张静止照片，300小时的电影材料，许多书籍和发表在《火山学公报》上的科学文章）内容可知，夫妇二人总是冲在离火山口最近的第一线，25年间获取了大量一手的宝贵资料，所以他们是勇敢和敬业的。故选C项。CFeelingunhappy,depressedorlonelycouldspeeduptheageingprocessesmorethansmokingorevencertaindiseases,researchershavesuggested.Whileeveryonehasanagebasedontheirdateofbirth—their“chronologicalage”,theyalsohavewhatisknownasa“biologicalage”,basedontheageingofthebody’sfunctions,influencedbygeneis,lifestyleandotherfactors.Studieshavepreviouslysuggestedthehigherthebiologicalage,thehighertheriskofvariousdiseases,andtheriskofdeath.Nowresearcherssaytheyhavecreatedadigitalmodelofageing,revealingtheimportanceofpsychologicalhealth.“Yourbodyandsoulareconnected—thisisourmainmessage,”saidFedorGalkin,acoauthorofthestudyandleadscientistattheHongKongstartupDeepLongevity.“Wedemonstratethatpsychologicalfactors,suchasfeelingunhappyorbeinglonely,addupto1.65yearstoone’sbiologicalage,”theywrite.WhileGalkinsaidthefigureisanestimate,notleastasthemodelassumesthatdifferentfeelingssuchashopelessnessorfearfulnessareindependentofeachother,thestudyhighlightstheimportanceofpsychologicalstateinhowfastweage.“Takingcareofyourpsychologicalheathisthegreatestcontributorthatyoucanhavetoslowingdownyourpaceofageing,”hesaid.Theteamalsoreportthatpeoplewhosmokearepredictedtobe15monthsolderthantheirnonsmokingpeers,whilebeingmarriedreducesbiologicalagebyaroundsevenmonths.Peoplelivinginruralareasarepredictedtobealmostfivemonthsolderthantheirurbanpeers.“But”hesaid,“itisunlikelythatisolationandlonelinessaretrulyworseriskfactorsforhealththansmokingbecausethestudyonlylookedatdatacollectedatonepointintime.Theresearchersdidnotfollowupparticipantstoshowthatthosewithpsychologicaldistressactuallyagedmorerapidly,”hesaid.“Itwillbeimportantinthefuturetotestwhetherthesepredictionsarefulfilledbyrepeatingtestingoveranumberofyears.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“chronologicalage”inParagraph1mean?A.Mentalage. B.Agemeasuredbytime.C.Biologicalage. D.Ageofpsychologicaldevelopment.9.WhatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinParagraph3?A.Psychologicalfactorsaddupto1.65yearstoone’schronologicalage.B.Externalfactorcanspeeduppeople’sageingprocess.C.Psychologicalstateisacrucialfactorinpeople’sageingprocess.D.Physicalhealthcanslowdownyoupaceofageing.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheresearch?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Objective.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Depressionandlonelinessmayslowdowntheageingprocess.B.Isolationanddepressionmaybeworseriskfactorsforagingthansmoking.C.Smokingisharmfultoourphysicalandmentalhealth.D.Peoplewithdepressionneedothers’panyandunderstanding.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明孤独抑郁比吸烟更容易让人衰老。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Whileeveryonehasanagebasedontheirdateofbirth—their“chronologicalage”,theyalsohavewhatisknownasa“biologicalage”,basedontheageingofthebody’sfunctions,influencedbygeneis,lifestyleandotherfactors.(虽然每个人都有一个基于他们的出生日期的年龄——他们的chronologicalage，但他们也有一个所谓的“生物年龄”，这是基于受基因、生活方式和其他因素影响的身体功能的衰老)”可知，chronologicalage会受到遗传、生活方式和其他因素的影响，导致身体机能的老化。由此可知，chronologicalage指的是实足年龄。故选B项【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Wedemonstratethatpsychologicalfactors,suchasfeelingunhappyorbeinglonely,addupto1.65yearstoone’sbiologicalage,”theywrite.WhileGalkinsaidthefigureisanestimate,notleastasthemodelassumesthatdifferentfeelingssuchashopelessnessorfearfulnessareindependentofeachother,thestudyhighlightstheimportanceofpsychologicalstateinhowfastweage.(他们写道：“我们证明，不快乐或孤独等心理因素加起来会使一个人的生理年龄增加1.65岁。”虽然加尔金说这个数字只是一个估计，尤其是因为该模型假设绝望或恐惧等不同的感觉是相互独立的，但该研究强调了心理状态对我们衰老速度的重要性)”可知，心理状态在人类衰老过程中是一个至关重要的因素。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But,hesaid,itisunlikelyisolationandlonelinessaretrulyworseriskfactorsforhealththansmoking,becausethestudyonlylookedatdatacollectedatonepointintime.‘Theresearchersdidnotfollowupparticipantstoshowthatthosewithpsychologicaldistressactuallyagedmorerapidly,’hesaid.‘Itwillbeimportantinthefuturetotestwhetherthesepredictionsarefulfilledbyrepeatingtestingoveranumberofyears.”(但是，他说，孤独和寂寞不太可能真的会比吸烟更有害身体健康，因为该研究只观察了在某个时间点收集的数据。他说：“研究人员并没有后续跟进调查参与实验的人员，看那些存在心理问题的人是否真的衰老得更快。”“未来几年，反复进行测试对于验证这些预测是否能够实现来说至关重要。”)”可知，作者只是在陈述了其它人的观点，并没有发表自己的观点。由此推知，作者对此项研究持有客观态度。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文以及第一段“Feelingunhappy,depressedorlonelycouldspeeduptheageingprocessesmorethansmokingorevencertaindiseases,researchershavesuggested.(研究人员表示，感到不快乐、沮丧或孤独，比吸烟甚至某些疾病导致衰老的过程更快)”可知，文章主要介绍了孤独和寂寞可能会比吸烟更有害身体健康。故选B项。DMostablebodiedpeopletaketheirabilitytoperformsimpledailytasksforgranted—whentheyreachforawarmcupofcoffee,theycanfeelitsweightandtemperatureandadjusttheirgraspaccordinglysothatnoliquidisspilled.Peoplewithfullsensoryandmotorcontroloftheirarmsandhandscanfeelthatthey’vemadecontactwithanobjecttheinstanttheytouchorgraspit,allowingthemtostartmovingorliftingitwithconfidence.Butthosetasksbeemuchmoredifficultwhenapersonoperatesanartificialarm,letaloneamindcontrolledone.InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(触觉的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.Intheexperiment,biningvisionwithartificialtactilefeedbackcutthetimespentgraspingandmovingobjectsinhalf,from20.9to10.2seconds.StudyparticipantNathanCopeland,whowasleftwithlimiteduseofhisarmsafteracarcrash,isthefirstpersonintheworldwhowasimplantedwithtinyelectrodearrays(电极阵列)inhisbrain.Arraysallowhimtonotonlycontroltheroboticarmwithhismind,butalsotoreceivetactilefeedback.Inaseriesoftests,whereCopelandwasaskedtopickupandmovevariousobjectsfromatabletoaraisedplatform,providingtactilefeedbackthroughelectricalstimulationallowedhimtopletetaskstwiceasfastparedtotestswithoutstimulation.“Eventhoughthesensationisn’tnatural,thatneverbothersme,”saidCopeland.“Whenevenlimitedandimperfectsensationisrestored,theperson’sperformanceimprovedinaprettysignificantway.Westillhavealongwaytogointermsofmakingthesensationsmorerealisticandbringingthistechnologytopeople’shomes,butthecloserwecangettorecreatingthenormalinputstothebrain,thebetteroffwewillbe,”saidRobertGaunt,coseniorauthorofthestudy.12.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph1?A.Thevalueofbeinghealthy. B.Theimportanceofthesenseoftouch.C.Thesimplicityofdailytasks. D.Theadvantagesofablebodiedpeople.13.What’sthepurposeofimplantingthearraysintoCopeland’sbrain?A.Toallowhimtofeeltheobjects. B.Toimprovehistestperformance.C.Toconnecthissensesofsightandtouch. D.Tostimulatehimtopletemoretasks.14.WhatcanwelearnfromRobertCaunt’swordsaboutthestudy?A.It’sunreliable. B.It’spromising.C.It’sperfect. D.It’stheoretical.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ApplicationofBiotechnologyinMedicalCare.B.RestorationofLostSensationsProvesPossible.C.DevelopmentofMindControlledRoboticArms.D.SenseofTouchImprovesControlofaRoboticArm.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，文章介绍了一项生物科技技术成果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械手臂的效率。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mostablebodiedpeopletaketheirabilitytoperformsimpledailytasksforgranted—whentheyreachforawarmcupofcoffee,theycanfeelitsweightandtemperatureandadjusttheirgraspaccordinglysothatnoliquidisspilled.Peoplewithfullsensoryandmotorcontroloftheirarmsandhandscanfeelthatthey’vemadecontactwithanobjecttheinstanttheytouchorgraspit,allowingthemtostartmovingorliftingitwithconfidence.(大多数身体健全的人认为他们有能力完成简单的日常任务是理所当然的——当他们伸手去拿一杯热咖啡时，他们可以感觉到它的重量和温度，并相应地调整自己的抓握，以免液体洒出来。能够完全控制手臂和手的感觉和运动的人，在触摸或抓住物体的那一刻，就能感觉到他们已经接触到了物体，从而让他们开始自信地移动或举起物体)”可知，作者在第一段是在介绍触觉的重要性。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(触觉的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.(在《科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中，匹兹堡大学的一组生物工程师描述了如何增加大脑刺激来产生触觉，从而使操作员更容易使用大脑控制的机械臂)”以及第四段“Arraysallowhimtonotonlycontroltheroboticarmwithhismind,butalsotoreceivetactilefeedback.(阵列不仅可以让他用意念控制机械臂，还可以接收触觉反馈)”可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到物体。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Whenevenlimitedandimperfectsensationisrestored,theperson’sperformanceimprovedinaprettysignificantway.Westillhavealongwaytogointermsofmakingthesensationsmorerealisticandbringingthistechnologytopeople’shomes,butthecloserwecangettorecreatingthenormalinputstothebrain,thebetteroffwewillbe,”saidRobertGaunt,coseniorauthorofthestudy.(‘当有限和不完美的感觉得到恢复时，人的表现就会得到显著改善。’该研究的共同第一作者RobertGaunt说：‘在使感觉更加逼真和将这种技术带入寻常百姓家方面，我们还有很长的路要走，但我们越能接近重现大脑的正常输入，我们就会越成功。’)”可推知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段“InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(触觉的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.(在《科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中，匹兹堡大学的一组生物工程师描述了如何增加大脑刺激来产生触觉，从而使操作员更容易使用大脑控制的机械臂)”可知，本文介绍的是一项技术成果，介绍机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者的操作效率，由此可知D项“触觉改善机械臂的控制”最适合做文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asayoungperson,itcanbefrustrating(令人沮丧的)whenyou’reexpectedtogiverespectandyetyoudon’talwaysreceivethatsamerespectinreturn.____16____But,thereareseveralreasonswhythisissooftenthecase.Althoughit’sunfair,theveryfactthatyou’reyoungplaysapartinthisequation.It’swrong,butothers,includingmanyadults,don’tshowtherespecttheyshouldtoteenagers.Thisisnofaultofyourown,buttrytounderstandthat—generallyspeaking—theolderyouget,themorerespectyou’llreceive.____17____Tohelp,thereareactionsyoucanstarttakingtogainrespectfromothers.First,youshouldshowrespectforthosearoundyou.____18____Inordertogainrespect,youhavetobeagiverofrespectaswell.There’sabasiclevelofrespectthatweshouldshowforeveryone,regardlessofthecircumstances.Makesurethatyouhandoutrespectasyougoaroundyourschooloryourmunity.____19____Forexample,taketheinitiativetohandleyourschoolwork,choresaroundyourhouseandjobresponsibilitiesseriously.Dotheresponsiblethingwithouthavingtobetold.Yourattitudeandbehavioraretwoimportantfactorsinwhetherotherpeoplewillrespectyouornot.Finally,youneedtoshowthatyoubelieveyourlifeisimportant.____20____Yourstudyhabits,whatyoudowithyoursparetime,whatoutsideinterestsyouhaveandmanysimilarfactorsshowwhatyouthinkaboutyourself.Aspeopleobserveyourattitudeandbehavior,theseobservationswillgoalongwaytowardyourgainingtheirrespectthatyouhopefullydeserve.A.Respectcreatesharmony.B.Respectisatwowaystreet.C.Youhaveplentyoftimetoearnthatrespect.D.Actwiththegreatestrespecttowardyourself.E.Makeuseofeverychancetoshowyourability.F.Thattypeoffrustrationisveryunderstandable.G.Anotherthingistoshowyoucanmakegoodchoices.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何赢得他人的尊重。【16题详解】根据上文“Asayoungperson,itcanbefrustrating(令人沮丧的)whenyou’reexpectedtogiverespectandyetyoudon’talwaysreceivethatsamerespectinreturn.”（作为一个年轻人，当你被期望给予尊重但你并不总是得到同样的尊重时，这可能会令人沮丧）和下文“But,thereareseveralreasonswhythisissooftenthecase.(但是，有几个原因可以解释为什么这种情况经常发生)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种感觉给人的感受，进而引出下文对这种情况原因的解释。故F选项“这种挫败感是可以理解的”切题。故选F项。【17题详解】根据上文“Thisisnofaultofyourown,buttrytounderstandthatgenerallyspeaking—theolderyouget,themorerespectyou’llreceive.”（这不是你自己的错，但试着理解——一般来说——年龄越大，你得到的尊重就越多）可知，要获得尊重需要时间。故C选项“你有足够的时间来赢得尊重”切题。故选C项。【18题详解】根据下文“Inordertogainrespect,youhavetobeagiverofrespectaswell.”（为了获得尊重，你也必须给予别人尊重）可知，尊重是双向的。故B选项“尊重是双向的”切题。故选B项。【19题详解】根据下文“Forexample,taketheinitiativetohandleyourschoolwork,choresaroundyourhouseandjobresponsibilitiesseriously.”（例如，主动认真处理你的课业、家务和工作责任）可知，有各种选择可以让我们获得他人的尊重。故G选项“另一件事是表明你可以做出好的选择”切题。故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文“Finally,youneedtoshowthatyoubelieveyourlifeisimportant.”（最后，你需要表明你相信你的生命是重要的）可知，要尊重自己。故D选项“对自己表现出最大的尊重”切题。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IsabellaSpringmuhlTejadaisoneofthefirstprofessionalfashiondesignerswithDownSyndrome(唐氏综合征).Herpathtosuccesswasn’t____21____.Althoughsheshowedher____22____fordesigninchildhood,whenshewouldspendhoursdesigningpaperdressesforherdolls,shewas____23____fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease.Shehadno____24____buttoseekotherways.She____25____forasewingcourse,whereshewas____26____tosewclothingforfingersizedtraditionalGuatemalan(危地马拉的)dolls,whichshe____27____happily.Meanwhile,shealsomadea(n)____28____indesigningdolls,creatingsomelifesizeddollsanddressingtheminthecolorfultraditionalembroideredjacketsshe’snowfamousfor.ThisdesignexperiencehelpedTejadadevelopherowndesignstyle,____29____traditionalGuatemalanpatterns,colors,andmaterialsinherculture.ShealsocreatedherownbrandDownToXjabelle,____30____forpeoplewithDownSyndrome,knowinghowdifficultitwasforpeoplelikehertofind____31____!clothes.Thenewbrand____32____rightaway,makingitallthewaytoLondonFashionWeek,provingfashioncan____33____allbarriersandborders.Andthe____34____designertalksaboutherplansforthefutureaswell,“Iwanttoexportmybrandallovertheworldand____35____thatpeoplewithDownSyndromecandowhattheysetouttodo.”21.A.fortable B.awful C.awkward D.smooth22.A.arrangement B.talent C.determination D.responsibility23.A.rejected B.dismissed C.ignored D.excused24.A.guidance B.aim C.option D.right25.A.waited B.peted C.prepared D.registered26.A.assigned B.forced C.inspired D.persuaded27.A.purchased B.accepted C.imagined D.contacted28.A.discovery B.opportunity C.innovation D.schedule29.A.indicating B.abandoning C.transforming D.highlighting30.A.specially B.naturally C.usually D.obviously31.A.pricey B.suitable C.fancy D.famous32.A.paidoff B.gotacross C.tookoff D.caughtup33.A.bine B.fuel C.beautify D.overe34.A.ambitious B.enthusiastic C.humble D.proud35.A.guarantee B.assess C.show D.conclude【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了患有唐氏综合症的设计师IsabellaSpringmuhlTejada通过设立自己的品牌，专门为唐氏综合症患者服务，她希望自己品牌出口到世界各地，并向唐氏综合症患者展示他们可以做他们想做的事情。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的成功之路并不顺利。A.fortable舒服的；B.awful糟糕的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.smooth顺利的。根据后文“fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease”她被学校拒绝可推测成功之路并不顺利。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她在童年时就显示出了她的设计天赋，当时她会花几个小时为她的娃娃设计纸衣服，但由于她的疾病，她被几所时装学校拒绝了。A.arrangement安排；B.talent天赋，才能；C.determination决定；D.responsibility责任。根据后文“fordesigninchildhood,whenshewouldspendhoursdesigningpaperdressesforherdolls”以及后文她设计的娃娃取得了成功，说明她有设计天赋。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她在童年时就显示出了她的设计天赋，当时她会花几个小时为她的娃娃设计纸衣服，但由于她的疾病，她被几所时装学校拒绝了。A.rejected拒绝；B.dismissed解散；C.ignored忽视；D.excused宽恕。根据后文“fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease”可知，由于她的疾病，她被几所时装学校拒绝了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她别无选择，只能另寻出路。A.guidance指导；B.aim目的；C.option选择；D.right权利。根据后文“buttoseekotherways”可知为短语havenooptionbuttodosth.表示“别无选择，只能”。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注册了一个缝纫课程，在那里她被分配为手指大小的传统危地马拉娃娃缝制衣服，她高兴地接受了。A.waited等待；B.peted比赛；C.prepared准备；D.registered注册。根据后文“forasewingcourse”指注册缝纫课程，应用register。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注册了一个缝纫课程，在那里她被分配为手指大小的传统危地马拉娃娃缝制衣服，她高兴地接受了。A.assigned分配；B.forced迫使；C.inspired鼓舞；D.persuaded说服。根据后文“tosewclothingforfingersizedtraditionalGuatemalandolls”可知，缝纫课上她被分配为手指大小的传统危地马拉娃娃缝制衣服，故选