辽宁省七校2024-2025学年高二上学期期初考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省七校2024-2025学年高二上学期期初考试英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Goshopping. B.Takeaholiday. C.Havesomethingtoeat.〖答案〗C2.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$5. B.$10. C.$20.〖答案〗B3.Wheredidthewomanmostprobablyleaveherwallet?A.Inacinema. B.Onabus. C.Atarestaurant.〖答案〗B4.WhatdoweknowaboutMary?A.Sherefusedajoboffer.B.Sheishuntingforajob.C.Shewaswell-qualifiedfortheposition.〖答案〗C5.WhomightShellybe?A.Ababysitter. B.Thegirl’ssister. C.Theman’swife.〖答案〗A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Apieceofnews. B.Aninterview. C.Aprogram.7.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Confident. B.Worried. C.Doubtful.〖答案〗6.B7.A听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whenwillthewomantakepartinabasketballgame?A.Tomorrow. B.Thedayaftertomorrow. C.Infourdays.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Phoneashoestore.B.Buyapairofshoesonline.C.GotoBob’sShoes.〖答案〗8.B9.C听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Openanaccount.B.Withdrawsomemoney.C.Cashtraveler’schecks.11.Whydoesthemanhavetocomebacktomorrow?A.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.B.Thebankdoesn’thaveenoughcash.C.Hehasn’tgotanyproofsofIDonhim.12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.ASilveraccountcanofferaninterestrateof5%.B.AGoldaccountallowsthecardholdertowithdrawmoneyatanytime.C.Aminimumof$500depositisneededforbothSilverandGoldaccounts.〖答案〗10.A11.C12.A听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandsecretary.B.Customerandmanager.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.14.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodointhefirstplace?A.Arrangeateammeeting.B.Contactacustomer.C.Reserveameetingroom.15.Whenwillthewomangiveapresentation?A.Thisweek. B.Intwoweeks. C.Nextmonth.16.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthereportonthenewproject?A.Itshouldbemorespecific.B.Itistime-consuming.C.It’snottoourgent.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.C听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whenwilltheweatherclearup?A.Bybreakfasttime. B.Bylunchtime. C.Bysuppertime.18.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinEnglandtomorrowmorning?A.Clear. B.Showery. C.Foggy.19.WherewilltherainreachbySaturdayafternoon?A.Thenorth. B.Thenorthwest. C.Thesouthcoast.20.Whatwillthetemperaturesbefortheweekend?A.Atabout21degrees. B.Atabout29degrees. C.Atabout30degrees.〖答案〗17.B18.A19.C20.A第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项AVolunteerbysupportingalocalanimalrescuecenterinCostaRica!Ifyoulikeanimalsandarealsointerestedinpreservingtheenvironment,youwillbeperfectforthisprogram.Youwillbehelpingoutinandsupportingalocalanimalshelter.Notonlydoesthissheltertakeinhomelessanimals,butalsowildanimalswhichareinbadcondition.Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelcomevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.Asvolunteersspendmoredaysintheshelter,knowledgeaboutwildlifemanagementwillgrow.Requirements＊Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove.＊SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.＊Norestrictionsonnationality.HelpinghandsbothinCostaRicaandbeyondarewelcome.＊Yourhelpinghandwillberequiredfrom09:00to15:00onMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,SaturdayandSunday.Programfees＊Bookingpayments(15%):Thebookingpaymentissimplytoreserveyourvolunteerplacement.PaymentismadebyPayPal.Youcanalsopayusingacreditcard.＊Finalpayments(85%):YourfinalpaymentwillbeagreedwithVolunteerNowCostaRicaduringtheapplicationprocess.21.Whatcanavolunteerdointherescuecenter?A.Communicatewithvisitors. B.Gettrainedtoplaceanimals.C.Givelecturesaboutanimals. D.Searchforhomelessanimals.22.Whocanvolunteerintheprogram?A.AFrench-speakingadult. B.Aprimaryschoolchild.C.AcollegestudentfromAmerica. D.AlocalpersonfreeonFridays.23.Howmuchshouldavolunteerpayatleasttomakeareservation?A.$52.5. B.$105. C.$297.5. D.$350.〖答案〗21.A22.C23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如何申请支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelcomevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.”（除了照顾动物外，志愿者还帮助我们在入口处欢迎游客，并回答游客可能对收容所或动物的任何问题）可知，志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者沟通。故选A项。【22题详析】推理判断题。根据Requirements中“＊Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove.＊SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.＊Norestrictionsonnationality.HelpinghandsbothinCostaRicaandbeyondarewelcome.＊Yourhelpinghandwillberequiredfrom09:00to15:00onMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,SaturdayandSunday.”（*您需要在课程开始日期至少15岁，高中或以上水平。会说英语是基本要求。*国籍不限。欢迎来自哥斯达黎加和其他国家的援助之手。*星期一、二、三、四、六、日的09:00至15:00需要您的帮助）可知，一位来自美国的大学生可以自愿参加这个项目。故选C项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Programfees中“1week（minimumstay）$350”以及“Bookingpayments(15%)”（预订费用(15%)）可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能预约。故选A项。BGrowingupinKenya,LeseinMutunkei,togetherwithhisfamily,alwayscelebratedsignificantoccasionsbyplantingtrees,whichmotivatedhimtoprotecttheenvironment.It’swhatthenow18-year-oldsoccerplayertreasures,especiallysinceKenyahasanongoingproblemwithdeforestation.MutunkeifollowsinthefootstepsofthelateKenyanNobelPeacePrizewinnerWangariMaathaiwhofoundedtheGreenBeltMovementin1977.Thisinitiativehasresultedintheplantingofover51milliontreestodate.In2018,Leseindecidedtostartamovementofhisown.Hestartedbyplantingonetreeforeverygoalhescoredduringafootballmatch.HecalleditTrees4Goals,andithasgrownsomuchthathenowplants11trees,oneforeachmemberofhisteam,everytimehescores.Throughthis,hewantstoinspireyoungpeople,specificallyhisfellowathletes,tofollowinhisfootsteps,takenatureconservationseriously,andpromisetoplanttreeseverytimetheyscore.Asaresult,someofthemhaveadaptedthispracticefortheirsports.“Seeingthatthey’retakingthatresponsibilitybecauseoftheprojectIstarted,forme,thatisthebiggestachievement,”hesaid.TheinitiativehascaughttheattentionofEnglishfootballclubArsenalandKenya’sMinistryofEnvironmentandForestry,whichhenowworkswithregularlyandgetsadvicefrom.LikeGreenBeltMovement,Trees4Goals,whichhasplanted5,500treessofar,hasmadeit.WhileLeseinhasreceivedsomerecognitionforhisinitiative,hesetshissightsonmakingitaworldwidephenomenon.“Footballisauniversalgame,andclimatechangeisauniversalproblem,”heexplains.“Ithasthepowertounite,educateandinspiremygenerationtocreateasaferandgreenerfuture.”Thisiswhyhewantstoworkwiththeworld’sbiggestfootballfederationFIFA.Asforwhatotherscandotofightdeforestationorotherenvironmentalconcerns,theteenagersaysit’simportanttojustgetinvolvedinsomeway,nomatterhowsmall.24.WhatmadeLeseingetinterestedinenvironmentalprotection?A.Theinfluenceofhisfamily.B.WangariMaathai’shugeassistances.C.Thedemandofthefootballteam.D.Hisfellowathletes’encouragement.25.WhydidLeseinfoundTrees4Goals?A.TogainKenya’ssupport.B.Tosetanexampleforothers.C.TocatchArsenal’sattention.D.Toshowhisachievements.26.WhatisLesein’shopeforthefutureofTrees4Goals?A.Promotingfootball’sdevelopment.B.GoingglobalwiththehelpofFIFA.C.Beatingclimatechangecompletely.D.GettingbeyondGreenBeltMovement.27.WhatcanwelearnfromLesein’sstory?A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.〖答案〗24.A25.B26.B27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的LeseinMutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“GrowingupinKenya,LeseinMutunkei,togetherwithhisfamily,alwayscelebratedsignificantoccasionsbyplantingtrees,whichmotivatedhimtoprotecttheenvironment.(在肯尼亚长大的LeseinMutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Throughthis,hewantstoinspireyoungpeople,specificallyhisfellowathletes,tofollowinhisfootsteps,takenatureconservationseriously,andpromisetoplanttreeseverytimetheyscore.(他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“WhileLeseinhasreceivedsomerecognitionforhisinitiative,hesetshissightsonmakingitaworldwidephenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“Thisiswhyhewantstoworkwiththeworld’sbiggestfootballfederationFIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“MutunkeifollowsinthefootstepsofthelateKenyanNobelPeacePrizewinnerWangariMaathaiwhofoundedtheGreenBeltMovementin1977.Thisinitiativehasresultedintheplantingofover51milliontreestodate.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。CDiggingoutpotatotubers(茎块)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybecomechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.Seedtubersareplacedingoodgardensoil,ideallywithsomecompost(堆肥)foreverysquaremeter,inasunnyspot,about10cmdeepat30cmintervalsinrows60-70cmapart.Seedtubersareofferedasearliestandsecondearliestandmaincrop.Thesecondearliestandmaincropscanbestoredforwinterusebutearliestareusuallyconsumedinsummer.SeasonedpotatogrowersbuyearlyseedpotatoesinFebruaryandplacetheminacool,reasonablylightplaceandletthemsprout(发芽).Ittakessixweeksforsmallsproutstoform.EarlypotatoesaretypicallyplantedfrommiddleMarchintheSouth,butarelikelytoemergebeforethefirstseasonfinishesinMay.Theshootsarefrost-sensitiverequiringprotectiononcodnightswitheitherearthornewspapers.SecondearlyandmaincroppotatoesareplantedinmiddleApril—thefrostriskwillbelow,butnotabsent,bythetimetheyemerge.Asthestems(茎)grow,soilshouldbedrawnaroundthemuntiltheleavesmeetintherowinearlysummer.Atthisstage,thepotatofieldisaseriesofridges(脊，垄).Thetubersformintheridge,protectedfromlightthatturnsthemgreen.Coveringwithblackplasticorathicklayerofcompostisalsoaccessibleinsteadofridging,butplasticisnotsustainableandslugs(鼻涕虫)canmultiplyincompost.Oncetheflowersarefullyopen,itistimetodigplantswhenthetubersarethesizeofahen’segg.Theygrowrapidlybutgraduallylosetheirjuicynewpotatoflavour,soharvestfreely.28.What’sthewritingpurposeofparagraph1?A.Todescribeamagicprocess.B.Torecallachildhoodmemory.C.Toraiseapotato-relatedtopic.D.Tointroduceagardeningaward.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutseedtubers?A.Theclosertheintervalsare,thefastertheywillgrow.B.Thewarmertheweatheris,thebettertheywillgrow.C.Theearliertheyareplanted,thehealthiertheywillgrow.D.Thedeepertheyareplanted,thestrongertheywillgrow.30.Whathelpspotatoesgrowinthelongterm?A.Frost. B.Plastic. C.Ridges. D.Slugs.31.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtocookpotatoes. B.Howtogrowpotatoes.C.Howtoharvestpotatoes. D.Howtopreservepotatoes.〖答案〗28.C29.B30.C31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何种植土豆。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据首段“Diggingoutpotatotubers(茎块)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybecomechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.(挖出土豆块茎是菜园能提供的最大奖励之一。孩子们尤其惊讶地看到这些块茎几乎神奇地变成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”可知，本段介绍的是收获土豆是花园提供的最大的奖励，孩子们惊讶的是这些土豆变成了薯条、土豆泥或者烤土豆，结合第二段中的“Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.(幸运的是，土豆很容易种植。)”以及下文中讲述的种植土豆的介绍可知，本段的目的是引出本文的相关话题。故选C项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Seedtubersareplacedingoodgardensoil,ideallywithsomecompost(堆肥)foreverysquaremeter,inasunnyspot,about10cmdeepat30cmintervalsinrows60-70cmapart.(块茎种放在良好的花园土壤中，最好每平方米加一些堆肥，在阳光充足的地方，每排60-70厘米，间隔30厘米，深约10厘米。)”可知，种薯被放置在阳光充足的地方，由此可推断，天气越好，种薯生长的就会越好。故选B项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Asthestems(茎)grow,soilshouldbedrawnaroundthemuntiltheleavesmeetintherowinearlysummer.Atthisstage,thepotatofieldisaseriesofridges(脊，垄).Thetubersformintheridge,protectedfromlightthatturnsthemgreen.(随着茎的生长，土壤应该在茎的周围覆盖，直到初夏时叶子排成一行。在这个阶段，土豆田是一系列的垄。块茎在垄上形成，不受光线的影响，光线会使它们变绿。)”可知，随着茎的不断生长，用土壤将其覆盖形成一系列的垄，块茎在山脊上形成，根据下文“Coveringwithblackplasticorathicklayerofcompostisalsoaccessibleinsteadofridging,butplasticisnotsustainableandslugs(鼻涕虫)canmultiplyincompost.(用黑色塑料或一层厚厚的堆肥覆盖也可以代替垄沟，但塑料是不可持续的，蛞蝓可以在堆肥中繁殖。)”可知，也可以使用塑料或者堆肥代替垄，但是塑料是不可持续的，由此可知，从长远看来，垄帮助土豆的成长。故选C项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段“Diggingoutpotatotubers(茎块)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybecomechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.(挖出土豆块茎是菜园能提供的最大奖励之一。孩子们尤其惊讶地看到这些块茎几乎神奇地变成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”引出本文讲述的话题与土豆有关，第二段的“Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.(幸运的是，土豆很容易种植。)”可知，种植土豆是很容易的，结合下文中介绍的土豆种植的条件，种植方法以及生长特点的介绍可知，本文主要讲述的是如何种植土豆。故选B项。DSocialmediacanleadtomentalexhaustion(疲惫).Andwhenmentallyexhausted,youaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbyahighnumberoflikesonposts—eventothepointofclickingonadsforproductsyoudon'tneedorwant.Asaprofessorofadvertising,Ihavestudiedsocialmediabehaviorsforyears.Inlate2022,mycolleagueEricHaleyandIconductedthreeonlinestudiesonAmericansaged18—65totesthowpeopleundervariousmentalloadsrespondtoadsdifferently.Thecontrolgroupineachstudyweregivennointroductorytask—wejusthadthemlookatanad.Asecondgrouphadtomemorizeanine-digitnumberandthenlookatthead.ThethirdgrouplookedthroughtheInternetfor30secondsandthenlookedatthead.Participantsrandomlysawanadwithafewhundredlikesortensofthousandsoflikes.Afterviewingthead,eachparticipantratedhowwillingtheywouldbetobuytheproduct,andhowmuchmentaleffortittooktothinkabouttheinformation.ThegroupthatusedtheInternetfirstwerethemostlikelytowanttobuythefeaturedproductwhentherewerelotsoflikesorcomments,andtheyalsoreportedusingthemostmentalefforttoassessthead.Researchersrefertothismentallyexhaustedstateas“cognitive(认知的)overload”.Usingsocialmediaputstheminthisstatebecausetheyareconstantlyevaluatingdifferenttypesoftexts,photosandvideopostsfromsomanydifferentpeople.Inthespanofseveralseconds,theycanseeatextfromtheirhusbandorwife,aphotofromaco-worker,avideofromacelebrityandanemojifromtheirbrother.Allofthisevaluatingleavesthemfeelingfrazzled.Imagineaskingyourroommateiftheywanttogogetpizza.Undernormalconditions,theroommatemightconsiderseveralfactorssuchascost,hunger,timingortheirschedule.Nowimagineaskingyourroommatethesamequestionwhiletheyareonthephonewithasickrelative.Theynolongerhavethementalenergytologicallyconsiderwhetherpizzafordinnerisagoodidea.Byunderstandinghowsocialmediainfluencesthem,consumerscanbemorethoughtfulinregulatingtheiruse—andhopefullynotbuyyetanotherwaterbottletheydon’tneed.32.WhydidtheauthorconductthreeonlinestudiesonAmericansaged18-65?A.Toinvestigatetheironlinehabits.B.Totesttheirreactionstoadvertisements.C.Toresearchwhatkindofadvertisingiseffective.D.Todiscoverwhypeoplesuffergreatmentalstress.33.Whatdocsparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthestudy?A.Itspurpose. B.Itsprocess. C.Itsfinding. D.Itssignificance.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frazzled”inparagraph4mean?A.Interested. B.Depressed. C.Annoyed. D.Tired.35.Whydoestheauthormention“yourroommate”inparagraph5?A.Tofurtherexplaincognitiveoverload.B.Tostresstheimportanceof.relationships.C.Tostronglycallonpeopletoeathealthily.D.Toremindpeoplenottorelyonmobilephones.〖答案〗32.B33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现，浏览社交媒体可能会使人精神疲惫，这时候人们更容易购买本来并不需要的产品。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inlate2022,mycolleagueEricHaleyandIconductedthreeonlinestudiesonAmericansaged18—65totesthowpeopleundervariousmentalloadsrespondtoadsdifferently.(2022年底，我和同事埃里克·海利对18-65岁的美国人进行了三项在线研究，以测试不同心理负荷下的人对广告的不同反应。)”可知，作者对18-65岁的美国人进行三项在线研究是为了测试他们对广告的反应。故选B。【33题详析】段落大意题。通读第三段“Thecontrolgroupineachstudyweregivennointroductorytask—wejusthadthemlookatanad.Asecondgrouphadtomemorizeanine-digitnumberandthenlookatthead.ThethirdgrouplookedthroughtheInternetfor30secondsandthenlookedatthead.Participantsrandomlysawanadwithafewhundredlikesortensofthousandsoflikes.Afterviewingthead,eachparticipantratedhowwillingtheywouldbetobuytheproduct,andhowmuchmentaleffortittooktothinkabouttheinformation.(在每项研究中，控制组都没有得到任何介绍任务——我们只是让他们看一个广告。第二组被要求记住一个九位数，然后看广告。第三组在网上浏览了30秒，然后看了广告。参与者随机看到一个有几百个赞或上万个赞的广告。在看完广告后，每个参与者都对他们购买该产品的意愿进行了评估，以及他们花了多少精力来思考这些信息。)”可知，本段主要介绍了此次研究的过程。故选B。【34题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Researchersrefertothismentallyexhaustedstateas“cognitive(认知的)overload”.Usingsocialmediaputstheminthisstatebecausetheyareconstantlyevaluatingdifferenttypesoftexts,photosandvideopostsfromsomanydifferentpeople.Inthespanofseveralseconds,theycanseeatextfromtheirhusbandorwife,aphotofromaco-worker,avideofromacelebrityandanemojifromtheirbrother.(研究人员将这种精神疲惫的状态称为“认知超载”。使用社交媒体让他们处于这种状态，因为他们不断地评估来自不同人的不同类型的文本、照片和视频帖子。在几秒钟内，他们可以看到丈夫或妻子的短信、同事的照片、名人的视频和兄弟的表情符号。)”可推断，所有这些评估让他们感到疲惫，划线词的含义为“疲惫的”。A.Interested感兴趣的；B.Depressed沮丧的；C.Annoyed烦恼的；D.Tired累的。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Imagineaskingyourroommateiftheywanttogogetpizza.Undernormalconditions,theroommatemightconsiderseveralfactorssuchascost,hunger,timingortheirschedule.Nowimagineaskingyourroommatethesamequestionwhiletheyareonthephonewithasickrelative.Theynolongerhavethementalenergytologicallyconsiderwhetherpizzafordinnerisagoodidea.(想象一下，你问你的室友想不想去吃披萨。在正常情况下，室友可能会考虑几个因素，比如费用、饥饿、时间或他们的日程安排。现在想象一下，当你的室友和生病的亲戚打电话时，你问他们同样的问题。他们不再有精力去逻辑地考虑晚餐吃披萨是否是个好主意。)”可推断，作者提及“你的室友”是为了进一步解释认知超载。故选A。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项Howlongdoesittaketobecomeanelite(精英)inyourfield?___36___That’swhatJohnHayes,acognitivepsychologyprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,wantedtoknow.Fordecades,Hayeshasbeeninvestigatingtheroleofeffort,practiceandknowledgeintopperformers.___37___TheresearchfocusedonpeoplelikeMozartandPicasso-todeterminehowlongittookthemtobecomeworld-classattheircraft.Let’stalkaboutwhatHayeshasdiscoveredaboutworld-class-performers.Andmoreimportantly,let’sdiscusshowyoucanusetheseinsightstoachieveyourgoalsandbecomeyourbest.___38___Heanalyzedthousandsofmusicalpiecesproducedfrom1685to1900.Thecentralquestionthatdrovehisworkwas,“Howlongafteronebecomesinterestedinmusicisitthatonebecomesworld-class?”Eventually,Hayesdevelopedalistof500piecesof“masterworks”inthefield,whichwerecreatedbyatotalof76composers.text,Hayesmappedoutthetimelineofeachcomposerscareer.___39___Whathediscoveredwasthatvirtuallyeverysingle“masterwork”waswrittenafterthetenthyearofthecomposer’scareer.Notasinglepersonproducedincredibleworkwithoutputtinginadecadeofpracticefirst.EvenageniuslikeMozarthadtoworkforatleasttenyearsbeforeheproducedsomethingthatbecamepopular.___40___Infollow-upstudies,Hayesfoundsimilarpatternsamongfamouspaintersandpopularpoets.ThesefindingshavebeenfurtherconfirmedbyresearchfromprofessorslikeK.AndersEricsson,whoproducedresearchthatrevealedthatyouneededtoputin“10,000hours”tobecomeaneliteorexpertinyourfield.A.Ittakestimetoachieveyourgoals.B.Andwhatdopeoplelikedoingintheirsparetime?C.Hehasstudiedthemosttalentedcreatorsinhistory.D.Hayesstartedhisresearchbyexaminingsuccessfulcomposers.E.ProfessorHayesbegantorefertothisperiodasthe“tenyearsofsilence”.F.Andwhatdothesuccessfulpeopledodifferentlythantherestofus?G.Andthenhecalculatedhowlongtheyhadbeenworkingbeforetheycreatedtheirpopularworks.〖答案〗36.F37.C38.D39.G40.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了JohnHayes教授对于成为顶级精英所需时间的研究。通过分析莫扎特、毕加索等大师的作品，Hayes发现几乎所有杰作都是在创作者生涯的第十年后诞生的，强调了“十年沉默期”的重要性。【36题详析】上文“Howlongdoesittaketobecomeanelite(精英)inyourfield?(成为你所在领域的精英需要多长时间？)”以及下文“That’swhatJohnHayes,acognitivepsychologyprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,wantedtoknow.(这正是卡内基梅隆大学认知心理学教授JohnHayes想要知道的)”说明JohnHayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和前文并列提出关于精英的问题，并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处？”符合语境。故选F。【37题详析】上文“Fordecades,Hayeshasbeeninvestigatingtheroleofeffort,practiceandknowledgeintopperformers.(几十年来，海斯一直在研究努力、实践和知识在优秀员工中的作用)”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表现者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接前文，继续说明他的研究特点或范围，并引出下文。C项中的He指代前文中的Hayes，“themosttalentedcreators

”和下文中的“peoplelikeMozartandPicasso”相呼应，所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。故选C。【38题详析】下文“Heanalyzedthousandsofmusicalpiecesproducedfrom1685to1900.Thecentralquestionthatdrovehisworkwas,“Howlongafteronebecomesinterestedinmusicisitthatonebecomesworld-class?”(他分析了1685年至1900年间创作的数千首乐曲。推动他工作的核心问题是，“一个人对音乐感兴趣多久后，他才能成为世界级的？”)”说明本段主要介绍了JohnHayes研究了世界级表演者，以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“海斯的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境，适合引出本段，该项中的“byexaminingsuccessfulcomposers”和下文中的“Heanalyzedthousandsofmusicalpieces”相呼应。故选D。【39题详析】上文“Hayesmappedoutthetimelineofeachcomposerscareer.

(海斯为每一位作曲家的职业生涯绘制了时间表)”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文，进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they

指代前文中的“composers”，说明JohnHayes计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。”符合语境。故选G。【40题详析】上文“Notasinglepersonproducedincredibleworkwithoutputtinginadecadeofpracticefirst.EvenageniuslikeMozarthadtoworkforatleasttenyearsbeforeheproducedsomethingthatbecamepopular.(没有一个人在不先投入十年实践的情况下创作出令人难以置信的作品。即使是像莫扎特这样的天才，也必须工作至少十年才能创作出受欢迎的作品)”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“thisperiod”指代前文中的“workforatleasttenyearsbeforeheproducedsomethingthatbecamepopular”，所以E项“海斯教授开始将这段时期称为“沉默的十年”。”符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项GlenEdwardsbecameaherowhenherescuedaconstructionworkertrappedontopofa160-meter-highbuilding.Asacrane(吊车)____41____workingonaconstructionsite,Edwards____42____foundhimselfinalife-savingmissionwhenafirebrokeout.Herecalledhowhe____43____thetrappedworkerfromhiscrane’scabin(驾驶舱),andhowhecameupwiththeideaofsavingthemanbyloweringacagetohimtolethim____44____.However,hisattemptto____45____thecagebeforethemanwasbynomeansaneasyjob,asthewindwouldthrowhiscraneoffbalance.Besides,thesmokeandflamesalsoaddedtothedifficulty.____46____thegreatchallenges,Edwardsrefusedtogiveupandfoughtto____47____control.Luckily,someoneonthegroundoffered____48____onwheretolandthecagethrougharadio.Edwards____49____thecrane’smovements,inchbyinch,untilthecagehanged(盘旋)justinchesfromtheedgeofthe____50____.Withdetermination,Edwardssuccessfullylandedthecage.Eventually,Edwardswatchedthecage____51____themanawayfromthehorriblefirebelowandloweringhimtosafety.Thecrowd____52____abigroundofapplause,atribute(致敬)tothecourageandskill____53____byEdwards.Heknewthathisquickthinkingandstrong____54____hadmadeallthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathinthefaceofdisaster.AGoFundMepagehasnowbeensetuptoraisemoneyforhim—withorganizers____55____peopleto“buyGlenabeer”forhislife-savingefforts.41.A.engineer B.operator C.cleaner D.salesman42.A.regularly B.unfortunately C.intentionally D.unexpectedly43.A.helped B.spotted C.realized D.guided44.A.escape B.hide C.walk D.slide45.A.clean B.cover C.position D.open46.A.Despite B.Without C.For D.From47.A.switch B.maintain C.lose D.give48.A.instructions B.problems C.explanations D.courses49.A.quickened B.described C.adjusted D.repeated50.A.door B.garden C.crane D.roof51.A.persuading B.lifting C.warning D.dragging52.A.wenton B.puton C.askedfor D.brokeinto53.A.displayed B.admitted C.exchanged D.required54.A.preference B.response C.emotion D.determination55.A.choosing B.ordering C.encouraging D.Teaching〖答案〗41.B42.D43.B44.A45.C46.A47.B48.A49.C50.D51.B52.D53.A54.D55.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名吊车操作员格伦·爱德华兹在一次建筑工地火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的吊车操作员，当一场火灾发生时，爱德华兹意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A.engineer工程师；B.operator操作员；C.cleaner清洁工；D.salesman售货员。根据下文“workingonaconstructionsite(在建筑工地工作)”可知，爱德华兹应该是一位吊车“操作员”。故选B项。【42题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.regularly定期地；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.intentionally故意地；D.unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“foundhimselfinalife-savingmission(发现自己在执行拯救生命的任务)”可知，爱德华兹本是工地上一名吊车操作员，却发现自己正在执行一项救人的任务，所以此处应该是“意外地”。故选D项。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救这个人的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃脱。A.helped帮助；B.spotted发现；C.realized意识到；D.guided指导；根据空格后的thetrappedworker可知，此处应该是指“发现”被困的工人。故选B项。【44题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.escape逃跑；B.hide躲藏；C.walk步行；D.slide滑行；根据上文“howhecameupwiththeideaofsavingtheman(他是怎么想到救那个人的)”可知，此处应该是指把笼子放下来让那个人“逃跑”。故选A项。【45题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他试图把笼子放置在那个人面前绝非易事，因为风会使他的吊车失去平衡。A.clean清理；B.cover覆盖；C.position放置；D.open开放。根据下文“asthewindwouldthrowhiscraneoffbalance