辽宁省名校联盟（东北三省三校）2024-2025学年高三上学期9月联合考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省名校联盟（东北三省三校）2024-2025学年高三上学期9月联合考试英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Packbags.B.Gasuptheircar.C.Getintoataxi.2.WhatdocsAlicethinkofherfirstweekinthenewjob?A.Itwasdifficult.B.Itwasfun.C.Itwaseasy.3.WhatisBengoingtodolater?A.Gohomefromwork.B.HavedinnerwithSarah.C.Visithisdoctor.4.Whoistheman?A.Aflowerseller.B.Agardener.C.Aprivatechef.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritefruit.B.Itemsonamenu.C.Drinkorders.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanmostlyspendhertimenow?A.Studying.B.Lookingforajob.C.Makingmoney.7.Whendidthemanfinishhiscareer?A.20daysago.B.Halfayearago.C.30yearsago.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inasupermarket.B.Atauniversity.C.Inahouse.9.Whichcareerdoesthemanprobablyprefernow?A.Writing.B.Accounting.C.Engineering.10.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.Whetherthemanwillchangemajors.B.Whetherthemanwillgetgoodschoolgrades.C.Whetherthemanwillfindasuitablejob.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Co-workers.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.12.Whatisprobablytheman’sspecialty?A.Makingvideos.B.Drawing.C.Takingpictures.13.Whatisthemostimportantthinginjournalismaccordingtothewoman?A.Sharingevents.B.Presentinghonestopinions.C.Bringingtheglobalcommunitytogether.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whyisthemangivingthewomantheinformation?A.Theyhadaconversationonthistopicbefore.B.Sheisreadingbooksonthissubject.C.Heisgivinghertasks.15.Whatisprobablythefunctionofendorphins(内啡肽)?A.Toproducepleasantfeelings.B.Toclearharmfulchemicals.C.Toremindpeopleofinjuries.16.Whichpartofpersonaldevelopmenthasthewomanfocusedon?A.Sleep.B.Diet.C.Physicalexercise.17.Whathasthewomanalwayswantedtodo?A.Getapet.B.Cookforfriendsregularly.C.Doweeklyvideocallswithfamily.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题.18.Whyarethesecreaturesaproblem?A.They’reviolent.B.Theyeatmanycrops.C.Theydamagethings.19.Whendoesthistheorystartbeingtested?A.Thisspring.B.Thissummer.C.Thisautumn.20.Whowillthespeakerprobablytalktonext?A.Anotherjournalist.B.Somescientists.C.Afarmer.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APart-TimeStoreAssociatesLocation155HillwoodAveFallsChurch,VA22046Duties·Processcustomerpurchases,performgeneralcleaningdutiesandkeepshelvesandgoodscleanandneat·Greetandreceivecustomersinawelcomingmanner·Respond1ocustomers’questionsandassistcustomerswiththeirshoppingprocess·Cooperatewithteammembersandcommunicateinformationclearlytothestoremanagementteam·Checkerrorsandothergeneralissues·FollowthecashpoliciesandprocedurestominimizelossesPhysicalDemands·Abilitytodealwithgoodsfromstorereceivingtoshelving·Abilitytoplaceproducts,weighingupto45pounds(about20kilograms),onshelvesatvariousheights·Regularlyrequiredtosit,stand,bend,reach,push,pull,lift,carrygoodsandwalkaboutthestoreQualifications·Providepoliteandimmediatecustomerservice·Operateacashregisterefficientlyandaccurately·Abilitytosafelyandproperlyoperateequipment,includingelectric/manualhandjacks(千斤顶),andcardboardbalers(打包机)·Performgeneralcleaningdutiestocompanystandards·Interpretandapplycompanypoliciesandprocedures·Excellentcommunicationskills·Workbothindependentlyandwithinateamenvironment·Abilitytostayorganized,giveattentiontodetailandfollowinstructionsinaprofessionalandefficientmanner·MeetanystateandlocalrequirementsforhandlingandsellingalcoholicdrinksEducation·HighSchoolDiplomaorGED·PriorworkexperienceinastorepreferredSalary·$15-$18perhour(fewerthan30hoursperweekbutnotlessthan10hoursperweek)·Extrapaytypes:Bonuspay(dependingonyoursalesbutnotlessthan$30perweek)1.Whichbelongstoaresponsibilityofapart-timestoreassociate?A.Respondingtoonlinecustomerorders.B.Deliveringgroceriestocustomers’homes.C.Helpingcustomerswiththeirshopping.D.Adjustingthecashpoliciesandprocedures.2.Whatisessentialforworkingasastoreassociate?A.Beingabletodrinkalot.B.Havingone-yearrelatedexperience.C.BeingabletospeakEnglishfluently.D.Beingphysicallystrongandflexible.3.Howmuchcouldapart-timestoreassociatemakeatleastforaweek?A.$180. B.$210. C.$480. D.$570.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇应用文。属于“人与社会”主题语境。文章介绍了一份兼职工作的岗位职责，就职条件等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Duties部分的信息“assistcustomerswiththeirshoppingprocess(协助客户进行购物)”可知，兼职商店店员的其中一个职责是：协助顾客购物。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据PhysicalDemands部分“Abilitytodealwithgoodsfromstorereceivingtoshelving(处理从仓库接收货物到上架的能力)Abilitytoplaceproducts,weighingupto45pounds(about20kilograms),onshelvesatvariousheights(能够将重达45磅（约20公斤）的产品放置在不同高度的货架上。)”可知，店员需要收货、上架、放置重达20公斤的重物等，所以应聘店员的人要力气大。根据Qualifications部分“Abilitytosafelyandproperlyoperateequipment,includingelectric/manualhandjacks(千斤顶),andcardboardbalers(打包机)(能够安全和正确地操作设备，包括电动/手动千斤顶和纸板打包机)”要求店员操作千斤顶、打包机可知应聘店员的人要身体灵活。综上，应聘者要力气大且身体灵活。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Salary部分“$15-$18perhour(fewerthan30hoursperweekbutnotlessthan10hoursperweek)(每小时15-18美元（每周工作少于30小时，但不少于10小时）)”和“Extrapaytypes:Bonuspay(dependingonyoursalesbutnotlessthan$30perweek)(额外工资类型：奖金（根据您的销售情况，但每周不少于$30）)”可知，一周最少工作10小时，每小时的最低工资标准是15美元，每周的奖金不少于30美金。故一个兼职店员每周最少可赚得180美元。故选A项。BIusedtohateoldbooks.WhenIsay“oldbooks”,Idon’tmeanclassics,though.Imeanbookswithyellowpages,brokenspines(书脊)andoddwood-likesmellsthatyouneedtobecarefulnottobreakbecausetheyarealreadysoworndownandbringyouseverediscomfort.OnecanassumethatIdidn’townmanyoldbooks.Ihadmerelyafewhereandtherethatmyparentshadgiftedme,butnothingtoospecial.Inthefourthgrade,Iwasreadytoexploreanewworldofreading,onethatwentbeyondthelikesofchildren’schapterbooksandteenagers’topics.Justthen,Ifoundmyparents’oldcopiesoftheentireHarryPotterbookseries.Visually,myparents’booksweremyworstnightmare.IrememberthinkingtomyselfthattherewasnowayIwouldbeabletoreadthesebooks.However,IeventuallyhadtocometotermswiththefactthatifIwantedtoreadtheseries,Iwouldhavetoreadmyparents’copies.Andsobegantheterriblejourneyofreadingsevenoldbooks.Whenitwastimeformetoreadthefinalcopy,Iwaskindofachangedwoman.Istillstronglydislikedoldbooks,buttheplotoftheentireHarryPotterserieshadattractedmesomuchIhadalmostentirelyforgottenwhatthebookslookedlike.Bytheend,IhaddevotedtheentireHarryPotterbookshelfinmyroom.Now,Iloveoldbooks.Whilethecoversaresometimessoworndownthatyoucanbarelyreadthetitleofthebook,youcanunderstandwhatit’saboutanyway.Afterall,anoldbookisarepresentationofgenerationsofreaderswhohavechosentoliveinaspecificfictionalworldbecausethestoryitcontainsisjustthatgood.OldbookshavemeaningandIlovehowmuchtheymeantomenow.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shefeltuneasyaboutowningoldbooks. B.Shewasonbadtermswithherparents.C.Shegrewfondnessforreadingclassics. D.Shewasoftengiftedoldbooksbyherparents.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenseeingherparents’HarryPotterseriesinthefourthgrade?A.Confused B.Scared C.Discouraged. D.Astonished.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Iwaskindofachangedwoman”inparagraph3?A.Shestartedtoenjoyreadingfictionalbooks. B.Shebegantoignoretheappearanceofthebooks.C.Sheacceptedputtingoldbooksonhershelf. D.Shefiguredoutwhatshetrulywantedtoread.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.MyPassionforReading B.MyConnectionWithParentsviaOldBooksC.MyEncounterWiththeHarryPotterSeries D.MyJourneyWithOldBooks〖答案〗4.A5.C6.B7.D〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者对旧书的感情从讨厌到喜欢的转变。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iusedtohateoldbooks.WhenIsay“oldbooks”,Idon’tmeanclassics,though.Imeanbookswithyellowpages,brokenspinesandoddwood-likesmellsthatyouneedtobecarefulnottobreakbecausetheyarealreadysoworndownandbringyouseverediscomfort.(我过去讨厌旧书。不过，我说的“旧书”并不是指经典作品。我指的是那些有黄页、断了书脊、散发着木头味的书，你必须小心不要把它们弄破，因为它们已经磨损得很厉害了，会给你带来严重的不适)”可知，对作者来说，拥有旧书是一件令人不舒服，不自在的事。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inthefourthgrade,Iwasreadytoexploreanewworldofreading,onethatwentbeyondthelikesofchildren’schapterbooksandteenagers’topics.(在四年级的时候，我已经准备好去探索一个新的阅读世界，一个超越儿童章节书和青少年主题的世界)”以及“Visually,myparents’booksweremyworstnightmare.IrememberthinkingtomyselfthattherewasnowayIwouldbeabletoreadthesebooks.(从视觉上看，父母的书是我最可怕的噩梦。我记得我当时对自己说，我是不可能读懂这些书的)”可推知，作者在看到这套书的破旧样子后感到很沮丧。故选C项。【6题详析】句意猜测题。根据第三段“Istillstronglydislikedoldbooks,buttheplotoftheentireHarryPotterserieshadattractedmesomuchIhadalmostentirelyforgottenwhatthebookslookedlike.Bytheend,IhaddevotedtheentireHarryPotterbookshelfinmyroom.(我仍然非常不喜欢旧书，但是整个哈利波特系列的情节吸引了我，我几乎完全忘记了这些书的样子。最后，我把房间里的整个哈利·波特书架都放满了)”可知，作者之所以说自己有点变了是因为她开始更多地关注书的内容而忽略书的品相了。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Iusedtohateoldbooks.(我过去讨厌旧书)”以及最后一段“Now,Iloveoldbooks.(现在，我喜欢旧书)”可知，本文主要讲述作者对旧书的感情变化。她一开始讨厌旧书，但是在看了父母给她的《哈利·波特》系列的旧书后，就开始更多地关注书的内容而不是书的品相，这次经历改变了她对旧书的感情。D项“我的旧书之旅”作标题最能概括全文主旨。故选D项。CHumansmakedecisionsusingstatisticalinformationeveryday.Forexample,weweighthelikelihoodofvariousfactorswhendecidingwhattobetincardgames.However,humansaren’taloneinusingstatisticalinferencesindecision-making.Untilnow,humancousinslikemonkeysandalsosomebirdshavebeenidentifiedastheonlyanimalstoshowevidenceofreasoningbasedonprobabilityandstatistics,whichrequiresadvancedmentalpower.Theseanimalshavelargebrainsrelativetotheirbodysize,whichisoftenassociatedwithhighintelligence.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBarcelonaoppugnedsuchstatementsandsuspectedthatananimalwithasmallbrainrelativetoitsbodysizecouldperformstatisticalreasoningaswell.Giraffeswereanidealchoice.Butresearchershadaconcern:Whenwechooseacheckoutlineatagrocerystore,wetypicallyjustcountthenumberofpeopleineachline,notweighingtheprobability.Statisticalreasoningisquitedistinctfrombasiccounting.Giraffeshavealreadyexhibitedanabilitytoperformquantitydiscrimination,beingabletotellalargernumberofitemsfromasmallernumber,whichposesachallengefortheresearcherstoconfirmtheirsuspicion.Sotheresearchteamsettledonaspecialapproachwheretheystartedwithamixtureofcarrotstheanimaldesiresalongwithzucchinis(密生西葫芦)theydislikeandvariedthenumberandproportion(比例)ofbothitems.Theresearchersplaceddifferentproportionsofcarrotsandzucchinisintotwoplasticcontainerstotestwhetherthegiraffescouldpredictahigherlikelihoodofreceivingacarrot.Eachtestconsistedof20trialsinwhicharesearcherselectedapieceoffoodfromeachcontainerwithoutshowingittothegiraffes.Thegiraffesthentouchedthehandtheywantedtoeatfrom,usingonlytheinformationtheyhadfromthecontainers.Inthefirsttest,whereonecontainerhad20carrotsand80zucchinisandanotherhadgocarrotsand20zucchinis,eachgiraffechosethehandthathadahigherprobabilityofholdingacarrotatleast17times.Inthefollowingtwotests,theproportionofcarrotsandzucchiniswaschanged.Yetagainthegiraffeschosecorrectly.Thecombinedresultsindicatedthattheresearchers’ideaheldwater.8.Whatcanbeinferredinparagraph2?A.Statisticalreasoningisuniquetohumans.B.Animalswithlargerbodieshavelargerbrains.C.Largeanimalsaresmartenoughtoperformreasoning.D.Brainsizeispositivelyrelatedtointelligence.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“oppugned”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Declared. B.Questioned. C.Explained. D.Applauded.10.Whydidtheresearchteamintroduceaspecialapproachtothestudy?A.Totestthegiraffes’abilitytoperformbasiccounting.B.Todeterminewhethergiraffesprefercarrotsorzucchinis.C.Toruleouttheeffectofgiraffes’quantitydiscrimination.D.Toobservethegiraffes’behaviorindifferentsituations.11.Whatdothetestresultsshow?A.Giraffesarecapableofstatisticalreasoning.B.Giraffes’senseofproportionisrelativelylimited.C.Giraffesrelyonvisualinformationtomakefoodchoices.D.Giraffes’foodpreferencescanbechangedthroughtraining.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.C11.A〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过以长颈鹿为实验对象的三次对比，文章说明了相对于体形而言，大脑相对较小的动物也能具备统计推理的能力。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Untilnow,humancousinslikemonkeysandalsosomebirdshavebeenidentifiedastheonlyanimalstoshowevidenceofreasoningbasedonprobabilityandstatistics,whichrequiresadvancedmentalpower.Theseanimalshavelargebrainsrelativetotheirbodysize,whichisoftenassociatedwithhighintelligence.(到目前为止，像猴子和一些鸟类这样的人类表亲被确定为唯一能够根据概率和统计数据进行推理的动物，这需要高级的智力。这些动物的大脑相对于它们的体型来说很大，这通常与高智商有关。)

”可知，第二段说明统计推理需要高级的心智，迄今为止，科学家们认为动物界只有人类近亲和一些鸟类具备这一能力，因为它们有着相对较大的大脑，而脑容量和智力呈正相关。故选D项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBarcelona

oppugned

suchstatementsandsuspectedthatananimalwithasmallbrainrelativetoitsbodysizecouldperformstatisticalreasoningaswell.(巴塞罗那大学的研究人员对这种说法表示 oppugned，并怀疑相对于体型来说大脑较小的动物也能进行统计推理。)

”可知，研究人员对已有的论断持质疑的态度，故划线词的词义为“质疑”。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Statisticalreasoningisquitedistinctfrombasiccounting.Giraffeshavealreadyexhibitedanabilitytoperformquantitydiscrimination,beingabletotellalargernumberofitemsfromasmallernumber,whichposesachallengefortheresearcherstoconfirmtheirsuspicion.(统计推理与基本计数截然不同。长颈鹿已经表现出进行数量辨别的能力，能够区分更多数量的物品和更少数量的物品，这给研究人员证实他们的怀疑带来了挑战。)

”可知，研究人员指出统计推理与基本的计数是截然不同的，所以为了排除长颈鹿基于数量区分做出选择这一可能性，他们引入了一个特别的方法。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Yetagainthegiraffeschosecorrectly.(长颈鹿再次做出了正确的选择。)

”以及最后一段“Thecombinedresultsindicatedthattheresearchers’ideaheldwater.(综合结果表明，研究人员的想法是成立的。)

”可知，长颈鹿具有统计推理的能力。故选A项。DManyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.Thereasoninggoesthateachofushasa“level”ofempathyand—likeouradultheight—we’restuckthereforlife.Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.Thankfully,thisviewisincomplete.Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.Noemotionisalwaysuseful,andthatgoesforempathyaswell.Thisisespeciallytruefornurses,doctorsandothercaregivers.Theseindividualsaredriventotheirworkbyadeepdesiretohelpothers.Patientsofempatheticdoctorsaremoresatisfiedwiththeircare.However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.Somepsychologists,includingmyself,arenowexploringhowpeopleintheseprofessionsmightempathizeinmoresustainableways.Forexample,empatheticconcern-—feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.Forinstance,peoplewhowereencouragedtohavea“growthmindset”aroundempathy,ascomparedtoafixedmindset,spentmoretimelisteningtothesufferingofsomeoneofanotherraceandmoreenergytowardstryingtounderstandtheopinionsofsomeonefromadifferentpartofthepoliticaldivide.12.Whatviewdomanyphilosophersandpsychologistshaveaboutempathy?A.Itgrowswhenpracticedoften.B.Itisaresultofindividualexperiences.C.Itisinbornanddifficulttodevelop.D.Itvariesdependingonone’supbringing.13.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoctorsdo?A.Developtheiremotionalempathy.B.Trytoerasetheirpatients’concern.C.Carefortheirpatientsasmuchaspossible.D.Workonimprovingtheirempatheticconcern.14.BasedonCarolDweek’sstudiesinwhichsituationarepeoplewillinglyempathetic?A.Iftheybelievethatempathyisflexible.B.Iftheyaregivenenoughattention.C.Iftheylistentotheidenticalpoliticalviews.D.Iftheysufferracialdiscrimination.15.Inwhichunitofatextbookdoesthetextmostlikelyappear?A.Understandingyourselfmore. B.Feelingforothers.C.Exploringgenesandemotions. D.Repairingbrokenrelationships.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.A15.B〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是与他人共情是一种十分重要的促进人际关系的能力。然而，长久以来，共情能力被认为是天生的，由基因决定，一成不变。作为一名心理学家，作者认为，共情能力可以在后天通过多种方式进行培养。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Manyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.(许多哲学家和心理学家认为，同理心是一种自然特征，根植于我们的基因和大脑中。)”和“Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.(如果你已经有同理心，这一切都很好，但也意味着如果你在同理心方面挣扎，无论你多么努力，你都永远不会提高。)”可知，许多哲学家和心理学家对移情的看法是这是天生的，很难培养。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.(然而，当医疗保健专业人员过于关心时，他们很有可能因过度同情他人的痛苦而感到倦怠、疲倦和抑郁。)”可知，护士、医生和其他医护人员极有可能因为过度共情他人的痛苦而面临倦怠、疲劳和抑郁的风险。再根据第四段中的“Forexample,empatheticconcern-feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.(例如，移情关怀——对某人的感觉——与情感移情——像别人一样的感觉是有距离的。例如，如果他们能培养出关心，他们就能在不崩溃的情况下关心他人。)”可知，作者建议医护人员努力提高他们的同理心。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.(在与斯坦福大学心理学教授CarolDweek进行的另一组研究中，我们发现，仅仅相信同理心是一种可以培养的技能，就能激励人们更加努力地去做这件事。)”可知，如果他们相信同理心是灵活的，人们就会心甘情愿地移情。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.(通过正确的做法，比如不同的友谊，甚至小说阅读，我们可以有意地培养我们的同理心。同理心就像一块肌肉：如果不使用，它会变弱；投入工作，它就会成长。)”可知，文章就同理心展开讨论，同理心是一种对他人的情感产生共鸣或表现出共情和同理心的能力，因此本文最可能出现在教科书的对他人的感觉这个单元，故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ACenturyofChangeThelast100yearshaveseenmajortransformationsinnewsreporting.Printnewspapersdominatedtheearly1900s,butinNovember1922,thedawn(曙光)ofradionewsarrivedwhentheBBClauncheditsfirstdailyradioservice.Itmarketeditselfasnewsbyandforsocialelites(精英).____16____Inthe1950s,newsshiftedtotelevisionbroadcasting.Adramaticchangecamein1980withthecreationofAmerica’sCableNewsNetwork(CNN)—theworld’sfirst24-hourtelevisionnewsnetwork.____17____TheInternethasbecomeakeysiteforsharinginformation,andnewsismoreaccessiblethanithaseverbeenbefore.Crisescanbereportedfromonthegroundbypeoplewhocloselyunderstandthem.Storiescanbesharedwiththeclickofabutton.____18____InthetimeittakesforastorytomovefromanewssitetoFacebooktoyourWhatsAppgroupchat,contextislostandfactsgounchecked.In2016,wewitnessedanimportantmomentforthenewslandscape.FollowingaUSelectiondoggedbydishonestyandmisinformationspreadlargelyonsocialmedia,OxfordDictionariesannounced“post-truth”asitsinternationalwordoftheyear.____19____Withsomuchinformationatourfingertips,theconsiderablevolumeofnewscanbeirresistible.Besides,thereisincreasinguncertaintyaboutwhatistrueandwhatisnot.Soitisnowonderthatrecentyearshaveseenthebirthofthe“slowjournalism”movement,whichwasfirstcoinedin2007bySusanGreenberg.____20____A.However,thatcanbedangerous.B.Frequencyoftheword’susageroseby2,000percentthatyear.C.Besides,itrequiredbroadcasterstouse“receivedpronunciation”.D.ThecreationoftheWorldWideWebinthe1990schangedthingsagain.E.So,themarkofagoodstorywashowsoonitwastoldafterithappened.F.Itinvitesustoslowdownandpayattentiontowhat’shappeningaroundus.G.Peoplestillmainlyrelyonnewspapersforlocalinformation.〖答案〗16.C17.D18.A19.B20.F〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是新闻报道的方式从过去到现在的一百多年中发生的巨大的变化。【16题详析】空前“Printnewspapersdominatedtheearly1900s,butinNovember1922,thedawn(曙光)ofradionewsarrivedwhentheBBClauncheditsfirstdailyradioservice.Itmarketeditselfasnewsbyandforsocialelites(精英).(印刷报纸在20世纪初占据主导地位，但在1922年11月，BBC推出了第一个每日广播服务，广播新闻的曙光到来了。它将自己定位为社会精英的新闻。)”说明广播新闻的曙光到来了，空格处应该指出广播新闻的特点，C选项“Besides,itrequiredbroadcasterstouse“receivedpronunciation”.(此外，它还要求广播公司使用“标准发音”。)”说明了广播新闻要求“标准发音”，是广播新闻的特点，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】上一段最后一句“Adramaticchangecamein1980withthecreationofAmerica’sCableNewsNetwork(CNN)—theworld’sfirst24-hourtelevisionnewsnetwork.(1980年，世界上第一个24小时电视新闻网络——美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)的创立带来了戏剧性的变化。)”提到，随着CNN的出现，新闻业在1980年发生了巨大的变化；由空后“TheInternethasbecomeakeysiteforsharinginformation,andnewsismoreaccessiblethanithaseverbeenbefore.(互联网已经成为分享信息的重要网站，新闻比以往任何时候都更容易获得。)”可知，本段主要讲述了互联网给新闻报道带来的影响。D项“ThecreationoftheWorldWideWebinthe1990schangedthingsagain.(20世纪90年代万维网的诞生再次改变了一切。)”中的changedthingsagain承接上一段最后一句中的Adratmaticchange，其中的theWorldWideweb与该空后的TheInternet呼应，且引出了互联网带来改变，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】根据该空前的“Storiescanbesharedwiththeclickofabutton.(点击一个按钮就可以分享故事。)”和该空后的“InthetimeittakesforastorytomovefromanewssitetoFacebooktoyourWhatsAppgroupchat,contextislostandfactsgounchecked.(在新闻从新闻网站传到Facebook再传到WhatsApp群聊的过程中，背景丢失了，事实也没有得到核实。)”可知，互联网提高新闻时效性的同时，也有可能使内容失真，这种情况就会很危险，A选项“However,thatcanbedangerous.(然而，这可能是危险的。)”承上启下，说明了事实得不到核实是危险的，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】由空前“FollowingaUSelectiondoggedbydishonestyandmisinformationspreadlargelyonsocialmedia,OxfordDictionariesannounced“post-truth”asitsinternationalwordoftheyear.(美国大选充斥着主要在社交媒体上传播的不诚实和错误信息，牛津词典宣布“后真相”为其年度国际词汇。)”可知，本段主要讲述了牛津词典在2016年发布的年度国际词汇post-truth，B项“Frequencyoftheword’susageroseby2,000percentthatyear.(那一年，这个词的使用频率上升了2000%。)”中的theword与设空处前面的post-truth相呼应，说明了这个词使用的频率上升很多，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【20题详析】由空前“Soitisnowonderthatrecentyearshaveseenthebirthofthe“slowjournalism”movement,whichwasfirstcoinedin2007bySusanGreenberg.(因此，难怪近年来出现了由SusanGreenberg于2007年首次提出的“慢新闻”运动。)”可知，本段主要讲述了“慢新闻”运动这一理念的诞生，空格处应该说这种运动的特征，F项“Itinvitesustoslowdownandpayattentiontowhat’shappeningaroundus.(它邀请我们放慢脚步，关注我们周围发生的事情。)”中的slowdown与该空前的slow为词汇复现，it指代前句中的“slowjournalism”movement，说明了“慢新闻”运动的特点，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aninteractivenovelisatextwithwhichthereadercaninteract.Themost____21____typeofinteractivefictioninvolves___22___thedirectionofastoryfromasetnumberofoptions.Interactionsinthiscaseinvolvedecidingwhichofthepresented___23___thereaderwouldliketofollow.Insomeofthesenovels,thereisanendthatis___24___,incontrasttoendswheretheadorablecharacterdies.Althoughmostpeoplearefamiliarwiththebasictypeofinteractivenovel,interactionsbeyondthisbasicstructurearealsopossible,____25____,novelscanbeguidedbyreadersbecausethenovelsare____26____withtheauthoractively____27____thestorybasedoninteractions.____28____,anovelcanbeplayedlikeagame,withthereaderinputtingcommandsor____29____tothestory.Thistypeofnovelisparticularlypopularforonlineand____30____literaturebecausethetechnicalcapacitiesoftheseformatsare____31____tointeractions.Aninteractivenovelcanalsobe____32____,inwhichnoparticularpathwinsorloses.Inmanycases,thistypeofnovelisexplainedasatypeofenvironmentinwhichthereadercan___33___.Collaborative(合作的)interactivenovelsareslightlymorecomplicated.Novelsthatincludereaderinputandmultimediaoptionsareoftenincludedinthis____34____.Withfuturetechnology,theremaysomedaybe____35____eveninthewaythattheinformationispresentedtoreaders,andpeoplemayreadonspecialdevicesdesignedspecificallyforthistypeofliterature.21.A.common B.efficient C.beneficial D.suitable22.A.saving B.removing C.choosing D.separating23.A.words B.options C.plans D.fashions24.A.possible B.sudden C.practical D.desirable25.A.Forexample B.Afterall C.Bytheway D.Onthecontrary26.A.confusing B.ongoing C.entertaining D.convincing27.A.spreading B.understanding C.predicting D.changing28.A.Alternatively B.Secretly C.Strangely D.Luckily29.A.turning B.referring C.adding D.agreeing30.A.classical B.electronic C.modern D.printed31.A.favorable B.fundamental C.harmful D.opposite32.A.soul-destroying B.pain-relieving C.ready-made D.open-ended33.A.remember B.copy C.explore D.improve34.A.process B.sample C.package D.category35.A.instructions B.innovations C.services D.challenges〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.D35.B〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是互动小说，以及其书写方式的特点。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最常见的互动小说类型包括从一系列选项中选择故事的方向。A.common共同的，常见的；B.efficient生效的；C.beneficial有益的；D.suitable合适的。上文“Aninteractivenovelisatextwithwhichthereadercaninteract.(互动小说是读者可以与之互动的文本)”引出互动小说话题，后文“typeofinteractivefiction”说明的是常见的类型。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最常见的互动小说类型包括从一系列选项中选择故事的方向。A.saving挽救；B.removing去除；C.choosing选择；D.separating分开。根据后文“thedirectionofastoryfromasetnumberofoptions”可知，互动小说要从一系列选项中选择故事的方向，为choosefrom。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，交互包括决定读者想要遵循的呈现选项。A.