湖南省衡阳市祁东县部分学校2024届高三下学期三模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省衡阳市祁东县部分学校2024届高三下学期三模英语试题第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourTopAudiobook(有声读物)AppsScribdIfyou’relookingtocombineyouraudiobooklisteningwithe-booksandnewspublications,Scribdmightbetheappforyou.Itsmassivelibraryincludesahealthybalanceoftraditionallypublishedbooks,bestsellers,andScribdoriginals.Scribdalsorunsanassociatedprogram,whichgivesyouonefreemonthforeveryfriendyouinvite,andgivesyourfriendatwo-monthtrial.Ifyou'reawriter,Scribdalsohasanopenpublishingplatformtohelpyouself-publishyouraudiobooksinminutes.KoboBooksBestknownasane-bookretailer,KoboBooksalsooffersaudiobooksonitsplatform.Yougetunlimitedaccesstoover100,000audiobooksinitslibraryforonlyafewdollars.Theappalsodoesagoodjoborganizingyourpurchasedbooks,anditsin-appstatisticsarebrilliantforreaders,knowingyourreadinghabitsindetail,whilesuggestingnewrecommendedtitlesbasedonyourhistory.eStoriesWithover120,000differenttypesofaudiobookstochoosefrom,eStoriesstartsoffwithahalf-priceofferforyourfirst3months,andthenswitchestoahigher-pricedsubscription.Membersgetdiscountedpricesonadditionalaudiobooksaswellasotherbenefitssuchasextracreditsandextendedperiodsofuse.Asamember,youalsoget30daystoreturnabookifyoudon’tlikeit.Additionally,theappprovidesunlimitedstorageforyourownaudiothatyoucanupload.LibbyLibbyletsyouborrowe-booksandaudiobooksfromyourlocallibrary.Alibrarymembershipletsyouaccessseveralthousandaudiobooksonitsappentirelyfreeofcost.Whiletheavailabilityoftitlesdependsonthelibraryyou'reamemberof,you’dstillbegettingfreeaccesstoalotofbooksthatyou’dotherwisehavetopayfor.Thecatchisthatsinceyou'retechnicallyborrowingthebooks,youonlyhavetwoweekstogetthroughthembeforethey'rereturned.Plus,itmustbenotedthatthisappisonlyoperationalinNorthAmerica.1.WhatisanadvantageofKoboBooks?A.Ithelpssellthebooksyouhavealreadyread.B.Itadvertisesyourbooksonitsplatformregularly.C.Itrecommendsbooksbasedonyourreadinghabits.D.Itallowsyoutoreadbooksinitslibraryforfree.2.WhatprivilegedomembersofeStorieshave?A.Extendingtheusetime. B.Exchangingextracredits.C.Gettingaudiobooksforfree. D.Returningbooksatanytime.3.Whichofthefollowinghasgeographicalrestrictions?A.Scribd. B.KoboBooks. C.eStories. D.Libby.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章概述了四款顶级有声读物应用——Scribd、KoboBooks、eStories和Libby，分别介绍了它们的特点和优势。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据KoboBooks部分中的“Theappalsodoesagoodjoborganizingyourpurchasedbooks,anditsin-appstatisticsarebrilliantforreaders,knowingyourreadinghabitsindetail,whilesuggestingnewrecommendedtitlesbasedonyourhistory.(这款应用在整理你购买的书籍方面也做得很好，它的应用内统计数据对读者来说非常棒，可以详细了解你的阅读习惯，同时根据你的阅读记录推荐新的书籍。)”可知，KoboBooks应用程序能够基于用户的阅读习惯推荐书籍。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据eStories部分中的“Asamember,youalsoget30daystoreturnabookifyoudon’tlikeit.Additionally,theappprovidesunlimitedstorageforyourownaudiothatyoucanupload.(作为会员，如果你不喜欢一本书，你也有30天的时间来退货。此外，该应用程序为您可以上传的自己的音频提供无限存储空间。)”可知，eStories的会员可以延长使用时间（这里指的是如果不喜欢某本书，可以在30天内退货）。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Libby部分中的“Plus,itmustbenotedthatthisappisonlyoperationalinNorthAmerica.(另外，必须指出的是，这个应用程序只在北美运行。)”可知，Libby应用程序只在北美地区运行，因此有地理限制。故选D。BYuZeling,anaward-winningmasterofpapercutting,fillsherstudiowithcutoutsofanimals,people,andscenesthataresovividthattheyseemtoleapfromthewalls.HerartcoversvillagelifeinAnsai,aruraldistrictinShaanxiProvince.Ms.Yucametopapercuttinginthelate1970sasnaturallyasshebreathedtheearthyair.“Wewereverypoor,andwhenitwastimetocelebratetheNewYear,weallputpaper-cutsonthewindowstodecorateourhouses,”shesays,recallingtheholidayatherchildhoodhome.Ms.Yuandothersareworkingtokeepthefolkartalive,evenasitevolvesawayfromitsrootsasadornmentforfarmhouses.TheartoriginatedinChinainthecenturiesafterpaperwasinventedinA.D.105.Fullofauspicious(吉利的)symbolsfromdailylife,thedecorationsrepresentedgoodweather,manyoffspring,longlife,wealth,andhappiness.Usingnewspaper,Ms.YufirstpracticedcuttingtheimageofaChinesenationalflagthatshesawinaschooltextbook.Shecutit100timesbeforeshewassatisfied.Thenheraunttookover,introducinghertoincreasinglycomplicatedtraditionalthemes.Ms.YuwaslaterinvitedtotrainintheAnsai’sCulturalCenter.Afteryearsoftraining,Ms.Yubecameamasterinherownright,winningoneawardafteranother.Herworksareondisplayinmuseums.Butshe’shumbleaboutherachievements.“Iwas,andstillam,afarmer,”shesayswithasmile.Hopingtocarryonandgrowthefolkart,Ms.Yuvolunteerstoteachatfreecommunitytrainingsessions.PapercuttingisalsotaughtinAnsai’spublicschools.Ms.Yuisawareoftheneedtogobeyondprotectingtraditionsandembracenewpaper-cutexperiments.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adornment”inparagraph2mean?A.Celebration. B.Symbol. C.Invention. D.Decoratıon.5.Whatcanbelearnedaboutpapercuttingfromthetext?A.Ithasculturalvalue. B.Itfeaturesanimals.C.Itattractstheyoung. D.Itremainsinfashion.6.WhichwordbestdescribesMs.Yu?A.Talkative. B.Curious. C.Devoted. D.Competitive.7.Whatisthetextlikelytobe?A.Abriefhistoryofpapercutting.B.Anewapproachtopapercutting.C.Anintroductiontoapapercuttingmaster.D.Thedirectionofatraditionalpapercutting.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一位剪纸大师——余泽玲的故事，包括她的剪纸作品，贡献及她为传承和发扬剪纸艺术所做的努力。【4题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章划线词前文“Wewereverypoor,andwhenitwastimetocelebratetheNewYear,weallputpaper-cutsonthewindowstodecorateourhouses(我们很穷，当到了庆祝新年的时候，我们都在窗户上贴上剪纸来装饰我们的房子)”及“Ms.Yuandothersareworkingtokeepthefolkartalive,evenasitevolvesawayfromitsroots(余女士和其他人正在努力让这种民间艺术保持生命力)”可知，剪纸这种民间艺术是从农家装饰品的根源演变而来的，evenas引导让步状语从句，画线部分表示“余女士和其他人正在努力保持民间艺术的活力，即使它从最初的农舍装饰演变而来。”划线部分与decoration意思相近，表示“装饰品”。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fullofauspicious(吉利的)symbolsfromdailylife,thedecorationsrepresentedgoodweather,manyoffspring,longlife,wealth,andhappiness.(这些装饰充满了来自日常生活的吉祥符号，代表着好天气，多子多孙，长寿，财富和幸福)”及最后一段“PapercuttingisalsotaughtinAnsai’spublicschools.Ms.Yuisawareoftheneedtogobeyondprotectingtraditionsandembracenewpaper-cutexperiments.(安塞的公立学校也教授剪纸。余女士意识到，除了保护传统，还有必要拥抱新的剪纸实验)”可知，剪纸具有文化价值。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Shecutit100timesbeforeshewassatisfied.Thenheraunttookover,introducinghertoincreasinglycomplicatedtraditionalthemes.(她剪了100次才满意。后来她的姑姑接手了，给她介绍了越来越复杂的传统主题)”可知，余泽玲对于剪纸艺术非常投入和专注。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“YuZeling,anaward-winningmasterofpapercutting,fillsherstudiowithcutoutsofanimals,people,andscenesthataresovividthattheyseemtoleapfromthewalls.HerartcoversvillagelifeinAnsai,aruraldistrictinShaanxiProvince.(余泽玲是一位屡获殊荣的剪纸大师，她的工作室里摆满了动物、人物和场景的剪纸，这些剪纸栩栩如生，仿佛从墙上跳了下来。她的艺术涵盖了陕西省安塞的乡村生活)”可知，本文是对剪纸大师——余泽玲的介绍。故选C。CArecentstudyconductedbytheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)hasdiscoveredthatrivererosion(侵蚀)canleadtoincreasedbiodiversityinareaswithminimaltectonic(地壳构造的)activity.TheresearchersfocusedtheirattentionontheTennesseeRiverBasinandexaminedhowtheerosionofvariousrocktypesbytheriverhadledtotheseparationanddiversificationofatypeoffishcalledthegreenfindarter.Astimepassed,theseseparatefishpopulationsevolvedintodistinctfamilieswithgeneticdifferences.ScientistThomasNearobservedthatthegreenfindarterwasexclusivelyfoundinthesouthernhalfoftheTennesseeRiverBasin.TheresearchersanalyzedthegenesofeachfishinNear’sdatasetandconstructedanevolutionarytree.Thistreehelpedthemcomprehendtheevolutionanddifferencesofthegreenfindarterspecies.Theydiscoveredthatthefishwithinthesamebranchoftheriverweremorecloselyrelatedtoeachotherthantothefishinotherbranches.Thisstudyprovidesevidencethatrivererosionsignificantlyimpactsbiodiversityinregionswithlowtectonicactivity.Itillustrateshowchangesinthelandscapecausedbyrivererosioncanleadtothedivisionanddiversificationofspeciesovertime,eveninpeacefulenvironments.Thesefindingsenhanceourunderstandingofthemechanisms(机制)thatdrivebiodiversityandevolution,eveninareasthatarenottypicallyassociatedwithintensetectonicactivity.Subsequently,theteamdiscoveredastrongcorrelationbetweenthehabitatsofthegreenfindarterandthetypeofrockspresent.ThesouthernhalfoftheTennesseeRiverBasinconsistsofhard,tightlypackedrocks,resultinginturbulent(湍急的)wavesintheriversthatflowthroughit.Thischaracteristicmaybefavoredbythegreenfindarter.Asaresult,theteamassumedwhetherthedistributionofgreenfindarterhabitatshadbeeninfluencedbythechangingrocktypes,astheriverserodedthelandovertime.Totestthisassumption,theresearchersdevelopedasimulationmodel.Remarkably,theresultsconfirmedtheirassumption.8.WhatisnewabouttheMITstudy?A.Itfindsrivererosioncanenhancebiodiversity.B.Itfurtherprovesthemechanismsofrivererosion.C.Itprovesthegeographicalfeaturesofbiodiversity.D.Itclassifiesatypeoffishcalledthegreenfindarter.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegreenfindarter?A.Theirappearancesvarybetweenfamilies. B.Theirgeneticconstitutionshavediversified.C.Theypreferthedeepandslow-flowingriver. D.Theygoextinctinthechanginglandscapeofrivers.10.HowdidNearhelptheresearchersreachtheirconclusion?A.Bycreatinganevolutionarytreeofthefish.B.Byofferingthefish’sgeneticdata.C.Byreasoningoutthetimethefishevolveandseparate.D.Byanalyzingthegeneticsimilaritybetweendifferentfish.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.RiverErosionCanShapeFishEvolution B.GeneticChangeintheGreenfinDarterC.EvolutionaryTreeAnalysisoftheGreenfinDarterD.TheImpactofClimateChangeonFishDiversity〖答案〗8.A9.B10.B11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现河流侵蚀可以增强生物多样性，并以一种名叫绿鳍鲷的鱼为例，说明了这种影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ArecentstudyconductedbytheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)hasdiscoveredthatrivererosion(侵蚀)canleadtoincreasedbiodiversityinareaswithminimaltectonic(地壳构造的)activity.(麻省理工学院（MIT）最近进行的一项研究发现，在构造活动最少的地区，河流侵蚀会导致生物多样性增加。)”可知，麻省理工学院的这项研究发现河流侵蚀可以增强生物多样性。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheresearchersfocusedtheirattentionontheTennesseeRiverBasinandexaminedhowtheerosionofvariousrocktypesbytheriverhadledtotheseparationanddiversificationofatypeoffishcalledthegreenfindarter.Astimepassed,theseseparatefishpopulationsevolvedintodistinctfamilieswithgeneticdifferences.(研究人员将注意力集中在田纳西河流域，并研究了河流对各种岩石类型的侵蚀是如何导致一种叫做绿鳍鲷的鱼的分离和多样化的。随着时间的推移，这些独立的鱼类种群进化成具有遗传差异的不同家族。)”可知，绿鳍鲷的基因构成多样化了。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheresearchersanalyzedthegenesofeachfishinNear’sdatasetandconstructedanevolutionarytree.(研究人员分析了Near数据集中每条鱼的基因，并构建了一棵进化树。)”可知，Near通过提供鱼的基因数据帮助研究人员得出结论。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ArecentstudyconductedbytheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)hasdiscoveredthatrivererosion(侵蚀)canleadtoincreasedbiodiversityinareaswithminimaltectonic(地壳构造的)activity.TheresearchersfocusedtheirattentionontheTennesseeRiverBasinandexaminedhowtheerosionofvariousrocktypesbytheriverhadledtotheseparationanddiversificationofatypeoffishcalledthegreenfindarter.Astimepassed,theseseparatefishpopulationsevolvedintodistinctfamilieswithgeneticdifferences.(麻省理工学院（MIT）最近进行的一项研究发现，在构造活动最少的地区，河流侵蚀会导致生物多样性增加。研究人员将注意力集中在田纳西河流域，并研究了河流对各种岩石类型的侵蚀是如何导致一种叫做绿鳍鲷的鱼的分离和多样化的。随着时间的推移，这些独立的鱼类种群进化成具有遗传差异的不同家族。)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现河流侵蚀可以增强生物多样性，并以一种名叫绿鳍鲷的鱼为例，说明了这种影响。可知，A选项“河流侵蚀影响鱼类进化”最符合文章标题。故选A。DWhenpatientsaredischarged(出院)fromthehospital,effectivesummariesfromdoctors’notesareessentialtocapturetheirhealthstatusinthemedicalrecord.Whereas,mostarefilledwithtechnicallanguagesthatarehardtounderstandandincreasepatients’anxiety.Toaddresstheproblem,researchersfromNewYorkUniversity(NYU)LangoneHealthhavebeentestingthecapabilitiesofgenerativeartificialintelligence(AI).IttriestodeveloplikelyoptionsforthenextwordinanysentencebasedonhowmostpeopleusewordsincontextontheInternet.NYULangoneHealthreceivedaccesstothelatesttoolfromafamoustechcompanytoexploregenerativeAI.OneofthestudiesbytheresearcherspublishedinJAMANetworkOpen,lookedathowwellthetoolcouldconvert(转换)thetextin50patientdischargenotesintopatient-friendlylanguage.Specifically,generativeAImadethedischargenotesdropfrom11th-gradereadinglevelonaveragetoa6th-gradelevel.TwophysicianswereaskedtoreviewtheAIdischargesummarybasedona6th-gradelevel.Thereviewingphysiciansawarded54percentoftheAI-generateddischargenotesthebest-possibleaccuracyrating.Theyalsofoundthat56percentofnotescreatedbyAIwereentirelycomplete.Theresultsignifiedthatevenatthecurrentperformancelevel,providersofdischargenoteswouldnothavetomakeasinglechangeinmorethanhalfoftheAIsummariesreviewed.“ThatmorethanhalfoftheAIreportsgeneratedareaccurateandcompleteisanamazingstart,”saidJonahZaretsky,associatechiefofmedicineatNYULangoneHospital—Brooklyn.“Evenatthecurrentlevelofperformance,whichweexpecttoimproveshortly,theachievementoftheAItoolsuggeststhatitcanbetaughttorecognizesubtleties(微妙之处).”Withinthefollowingyears,theteamexpectstolaunchapilotprogramtoprovidelaylanguagedischargesummariesthathavebeengeneratedbyAIandreviewedbyphysicianstopatientsonalargerscale.12.WhatisgenerativeAIusedforbytheresearchers?A.Submittingdischargesummaries. B.Accessingpatients’healthstatus.C.Makingdischargenotescleartopatients. D.Offeringtechnicallanguagestodoctors.13.WhatisgenerativeAI’sfunctionbasedon?A.Probablepredicting. B.Actualthinking.C.Freeimagining. D.Strictinstructing.14.WhywerethetwophysiciansaskedtoreviewtheAIdischargesummaries?A.Tocorrecttheirmistakes. B.Tomeasuretheiraccuracy.C.TocompetewiththeAItool. D.Tomakeupthemissingparts.15.HowdidJonahZaretskyfindtheperformanceofAIindealingwithdischargesummaries?A.Misleading. B.Dismissive. C.Challenging. D.Promising.〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是针对于在病人出院时医生的病情摘要因其难以理解的技术语言可能会增加患者焦虑的情况，纽约大学朗格尼健康中心的研究人员一直在测试生成式人工智能(AI)的能力，该工具可以将患者出院记录中的文本转换为对患者友好的语言，从而减少患者焦虑。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whereas,mostarefilledwithtechnicallanguagesthatarehardtounderstandandincreasepatients’anxiety.(然而，大多数都充满了难以理解的技术语言，增加了患者的焦虑。)”以及第三段“Specifically,generativeAImadethedischargenotesdropfrom11th-gradereadinglevelonaveragetoa6th-gradelevel.(具体来说，生成式人工智能使出院记录的平均阅读水平从11年级下降到6年级。)”可知出院时医生给出的病人的出院记录因其难懂晦涩的专业术语可能会大大增加病人的焦虑，生成式人工智能可以降低出院记录的阅读水平，能够让病人清楚地知道出院记录的情况。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“IttriestodeveloplikelyoptionsforthenextwordinanysentencebasedonhowmostpeopleusewordsincontextontheInternet.(它试图根据大多数人在互联网上下文中使用单词的方式，为任何句子中的下一个单词开发可能的选项。)”可知生成式人工智能试图根据大多数人在互联网上下文中使用单词的方式，为任何句子中的下一个单词开发可能的选项，所以它的功能是基于可能的预测。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Specifically,generativeAImadethedischargenotesdropfrom11th-gradereadinglevelonaveragetoa6th-gradelevel.(具体来说，生成式人工智能使出院记录的平均阅读水平从11年级下降到6年级。)”以及第四段“TwophysicianswereaskedtoreviewtheAIdischargesummarybasedona6th-gradelevel.Thereviewingphysiciansawarded54percentoftheAI-generateddischargenotesthebest-possibleaccuracyrating.Theyalsofoundthat56percentofnotescreatedbyAIwereentirelycomplete.Theresultsignifiedthatevenatthecurrentperformancelevel,providersofdischargenoteswouldnothavetomakeasinglechangeinmorethanhalfoftheAIsummariesreviewed.(两名医生被要求根据六年级水平审查AI出院摘要。审查医生对54%的人工智能生成的出院记录给予了尽可能高的准确性评级。他们还发现，人工智能创造的笔记中有56%是完全完整的。结果表明，即使在目前的表现水平下，出院记录提供者也不必对超过一半的人工智能摘要进行任何更改。)”可知生成式人工智能使出院记录的平均阅读水平从11年级下降到6年级，而水平降低以后的准确性如何必须进行检验，而检验结果表明即使在6年级的水平下，出院记录提供者也不必对超过一半的人工智能摘要进行任何更改，所以可以推测两名医生被要求根据六年级水平审查AI出院摘要是为了检查其准确性。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““ThatmorethanhalfoftheAIreportsgeneratedareaccurateandcompleteisanamazingstart,”saidJonahZaretsky,associatechiefofmedicineatNYULangoneHospital—Brooklyn.“Evenatthecurrentlevelofperformance,whichweexpecttoimproveshortly,theachievementoftheAItoolsuggeststhatitcanbetaughttorecognizesubtleties(微妙之处).”(“超过一半的人工智能报告是准确和完整的，这是一个惊人的开始，”纽约大学兰贡医院-布鲁克林医学副主任JonahZaretsky说。“即使在目前的性能水平上，我们预计很快就会提高，但人工智能工具的成就表明，它可以学会识别细微之处。”)”可知，JonahZaretsky认为超过一半的人工智能报告是准确和完整的，而且人工智能工具的准确性还会提高，它也可以学会识别细微之处，所以可以推断JonahZaretsky认为人工智能在处理出院摘要方面的表现是大有前途的。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,“interconnectivity”hasbecomeabuzzword(流行词)ofthemodernworld.Althoughthistrendbringslotsofadvantages,itcanalsopresentsomechallenges.16Understandingandovercomingculturalbarriersisveryimportantindailylife.Herearesometipsonhowtoproperlyhandleculturaldifferences.Beself-awareandacknowledgedifferences.Mostcross-culturalmisunderstandingscomefromasingle-mindedopinion.Ifwejudgeothersthroughourownculture,wemayendupwithwronginterpretations.Failingtoacknowledgedifferencesmayeasilyleadtomisconceptionsandevenconflicts.17Doresearchandlearnaboutothercultures.Afterculturaldifferencesareacknowledged,it’simportanttolearnmoreaboutthem.18Understandingthereasoningbehindone’sactionscanreduce“wronglabeling”andleadtoamoreeffectivecooperationandcommunicationprocess.19Tryyourbesttoavoidquickjudgmentsandbeopentonewbeliefsandbehavior.Findoutwhatyouhaveincommonandlearnhowtomakethebestuseofeachuniquecharacteristic.Respectthefactthatothershavedistinctcorevalues.Allinall,dealingwithculturaldifferencesisquitechallengingandrequiresalotofwork.20Whenyoumeetpeoplefromdifferentculturesandbackgroundsnexttime,justbemindful,andstayopen-mindedandpatient.A.Oneofthemisculturalbarriers.B.Beopen-minded,adaptableandrespectful.CYoucaneitherdoyourownresearchorsimplyaskothersaboutthem.D.Employeesshouldbepreparedtoworkinamulticulturalenvironment.E.However,theresultsofovercomingthesebarriersfaroutweightheeffort.F.Actually,travellingabroadisnottheonlywaytoovercomeculturalbarriers.G.Therefore,weshouldacceptdifferencesandlearnmoreaboutothers’backgrounds.〖答案〗16.A17.G18.C19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了处理文化差异的建议，包括自我认知、学习不同文化和保持开放尊重的态度。【16题详析】由上文“Althoughthistrendbringslotsofadvantages,itcanalsopresentsomechallenges.”（虽然这一趋势带来了很多好处，但也可能带来一些挑战）可知，本空要说跟“挑战”相关的内容。A选项提到“它们其中之一就是文化障碍”，选项中的them指的就是前文提到的challenges。故选A。【17题详析】由上文“Failingtoacknowledgedifferencesmayeasilyleadtomisconceptionsandevenconflicts.”（未能承认差异很容易导致误解甚至冲突）可知，本空要说跟“接受差异”相关的内容。G选项提到“因此我们应该接受差异并更多了解他人的背景”，G选项中的“weshouldacceptdifferences”与上文的“acknowledgedifferences”相呼应，differences是同词复现。故选G。18题详析】由上文“Afterculturaldifferencesareacknowledged,it’simportanttolearnmoreaboutthem.”（在认识到文化差异之后，重要的是要更多地了解它们）可知，本空要说跟“了解文化差异”的方法相关的内容。C选项提到“你可以自己做研究或简单地向他人询问”，选项中的them和前一句的them均指代文化差异，符合逻辑。故选C。【19题详析】空格处位于句首，是本段的主题句，由下文“Tryyourbesttoavoidquickjudgmentsandbeopentonewbeliefsandbehavior.Findoutwhatyouhaveincommonandlearnhowtomakethebestuseofeachuniquecharacteristic.Respectthefactthatothershavedistinctcorevalues.”（尽量避免草率的判断，对新的信仰和行为持开放态度。找出你们的共同点，并学习如何充分利用每一个独特的特点。尊重他人有不同核心价值观的事实。）可知，B选项提到“要保持开放的心态、适应能力和尊重”，符合语境。故选B。【20题详析】由上文“Allinall,dealingwithculturaldifferencesisquitechallengingandrequiresalotofwork.”（总而言之，处理文化差异是非常具有挑战性的，需要大量的工作）可知，本空要说跟“克服文化差异的好处”相关的内容。E选项提到“但是克服这些障碍的结果远远超过了付出的努力”，符合逻辑。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MaxHanishelpingtobringaboutenvironmentalchangethroughYouthsUnitedForEarth(YUFE).Whenhewas19,he21thegrass-rootsorganizationwithhisfriend,NurfatinHamzah.Thegroup’saimistocreatea22planet.Now22,HanisagraduatestudentinenvironmentalscienceatYaleUniversity.He23inMalaysia,anAsiancountry.RecentlyIspokewithhimaboutthe24behindhisenvironmentalefforts.TheirYUFEbegan,hesaid,withanimportant25:Peoplearemoremotivatedtoseekchangewhenthey26aboutlocalenvironmentalissues.Forexample,HannoticedthatmanyyoungMalaysians,awareofthe27topolarbears,tookappropriateactions.28,theyknewlittleaboutdeforestation(毁林)inMalaysia,whoseeffectshewitnessedgrowingup.“Weneedtostartlocalizingourclimatenarratives(叙述)sincepeopleareespecially29toactuponissuesthatarefamiliartothem,”Hantoldme.“They’ll30tosavethethingstheylove.”YUFE’smissionisto31kidsaboutenvironmentalchallengesandinspirecollectiveaction.Hanemphasizesthevital32youngpeople,includinghimself,playinaddressingclimatechange.“Whateverwe33inexperience,”hesaid,“wemakeupforinpassion.”Thisyear,HanwasgiventheDianaAwardforhis34.Hehasestablishedaprogramforyoungpeoplewhoare35tocareersinenvironmentalscience.Hanbelievesintheneedtoguardtheplanetforfuturegenerations.21.A.joined B.founded C.left D.expanded22.A.larger B.smoother C.better D.heavier23.A.showedup B.brokeup C.cheeredup D.grewup24.A.inspiration B.confusion C.principle D.result25.A.policy B.campaign C.observation D.movie26.A.joke B.dream C.debate D.learn27.A.approach B.threat C.exposure D.response28.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly29.A.likely B.competent C.grateful D.worthy30.A.refuse B.beg C.pretend D.fight31.A.ask B.educate C.bother D.interview32.A.game B.trick C.role D.instrument33.A.lack B.forget C.teach D.know34.A.words B.perspectives C.efforts D.talents35.A.opposite B.familiar C.blind D.devoted〖答案〗21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了MaxHan通过YUFE激发年轻人关注并行动于本地环保问题，利用激情弥补经验不足，获戴安娜奖，致力于培养下一代环保科学家，共同守护地球未来。【21题详析】句意：当他19岁时，他与他的朋友NurfatinHamzah创立了这个草根组织。join加入；found创立；leave离开；expand扩展。根据下文“Hehasestablishedaprogramforyoungpeoplewhoaretocareersinenvironmentalscience.”可知，此处表示MaxHan与他的朋友一起创立了YouthsUnitedForEarth(YUFE)。故选B。【22题详析】句意：该组织的目标是创造一个更好的星球。larger更大的；smoother更平滑的；better更好的；heavier更重的。根据上文“MaxHanishelpingtobringaboutenvironmentalchangethroughYouthsUnitedForEarth(YUFE).”可知，这一环保组织的目标是改善地球环境，创造一个更好的星球。故选C。【23题详析】句意：他在亚洲国家马来西亚长大。showup出现；breakup分手；cheerup振作起来；growup长大。根据下文“inMalaysia,anAsiancountry.”以及语境可知，此处表示他在马来西亚长大。故选D。【24题详析】句意：最近我与他谈论了他的环保努力背后的灵感。inspiration灵感；confusion困惑；principle原则；result结果。根据下文“TheirYUFEbegan,hesaid,withanimportant:Peoplearemoremotivatedtoseekchangewhentheyaboutlocalenvironmentalissues.”可知，此处表示作者询问MaxHan，推动他进行环保工作的灵感。故选A。【25题详析】句意：他说，他们的YUFE始于一个重要的观察：当人们了解当地环境问题时，他们更有动力寻求改变。policy政策；campaign运动；observation观察；movie电影。根据下文“Peoplearemoremotivatedtoseekchangewhentheyaboutlocalenvironmentalissues.”可知，这是他对人们行为动机的观察。故选C。【26题详析】句意同上。joke开玩笑；dream梦想；debate辩论；learn了解。根据下文“aboutlocalenvironmentalissues”以及语境可知，此处表示人们在了解问题后会更有动力采取行动。故选D。【27题详析】句意：例如，Han注意到，许多年轻的马来西亚人在了解到对北极熊的威胁后，采取了适当的行动。approach方法；threat威胁；exposure曝光；response反应。根据下文“tookappropriateactions”可知，此处表示当了解到北极熊面临威胁，马来西亚的年轻人采取行动。故选B。【28题详析】句意：然而，他们对马来西亚的森林砍伐知之甚少，而这种影响在他成长过程中他亲眼目睹过。Instead相反；However然而；Gradually逐渐地；Similarly类似地。根据下文“theyknewlittleaboutdeforestation(毁林)inMalaysia,whoseeffectshewitnessedgrowingup.”可知，此处表示转折关系，空处应用however表示“然而”。故选B。【29题详析】句意：我们需要开始本地化我们的气候叙述，因为人们特别可能对那些他们熟悉的问题采取行动。likely可能的；competent有能力的；grateful感激的；worthy值得的。根据上文“Weneedtostartlocalizingourclimatenarratives(叙述)”以及下文“They’lltosavethethingstheylove.”可知，此处表示人们更可能对熟悉的问题采取行动。故选A。【30题详析】句意：他们会为保护他们所爱的事物而斗争。refuse拒绝；beg乞求；pretend假装；fight斗争。根据上文“sincepeopleareespeciallytoactuponissuesthatarefamiliartothem”可知，此处表示人们会为了保护自己爱的事物斗争。故选D。【31题详析】句意：YUFE的使命是教育孩子们了解环境挑战并激发集体行动。ask问；educate教育；bother打扰；interview面试。根据下文“kidsaboutenvironmentalchallenges”以及语境可知，此处表示YUFE的使命是教育孩子们。故选B。【32题详析】句意：Han强调，包括他自己在内的年轻人，在应对气候变化中发挥着至关重要的作用。game游戏；trick诡计；role作用；instrument工具。根据下文““Whateverweinexperience,”hesaid,“wemakeupforinpassion.””以及语境可知，此处表示在应对气候变化中，年轻人会发挥至关重要的作用。故选C。【33题详析】句意：“无论我们在经验上缺少什么，”他说，“我们都会用热情来弥补。”lack缺乏；forget忘记；teach教；know知道。根据下文“wemakeupforinpassion.”可知，此处表示在经验上的缺失会用热情来弥补。故选A。【34题详析】句意：今年，Han因他的努力获得了戴安娜奖。word话语；perspective视角；effort努力；talent天赋。根据上文“Whenhewas19,hethegrass-rootsorganizationwithhisfriend,NurfatinHamzah.”以及语境可知，此处表示Han为环保做出的努力。故选C。【35题详析】句意：他已经为致力于环境科学事业的年轻人建立了项目。opposite相反的；familiar熟悉的；blind盲目的；devoted致力于。根据上文“Hanemphasizesthevitalyoungpeople,includinghimself,playinaddressingclimatechange.”以及下文“tocareersinenvironmentalscience”可知，此处表示致力于环境科学事业，即致力于环保事业的年轻人。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatWall,istheoldestmilitarydefenseprojectwiththelongestconstructionandthe36(large)amountofengineeringintheworld.SincetheWesternZhouDynasty,ithasbeen37(continuous)builtformorethan2,000years.ItisdistributedinthevastlandofnorthernandcentralChina,withatotal38(long)ofmorethan20,000kilometers.TheGreatWallisnotonlyasinglewall,butacompletedefenseengineeringsystem39(consist)ofmanydefensivefortifications(防御工事),suchascitywalls,enemybuildings,piers,barracks,guardhouses,beacontowersandsoon.Thisdefenseengineeringsystemwas40thecontrolofmilitarycommandsystemsatall41(level).ConcerningthebeacontowersintheGreatWallsystem,theymainlyservedasinformationtran