高考语法复习课件虚拟语气共

语法满分冲刺：

虚拟语气

知识梳理23课堂练习4课堂小结5课后作业6CONTENTS目录典型例题

课堂导入1什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气考点总结

一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用

①错综时间条件句②if省略句

③含蓄条件句 ④半虚拟

二、wish,asif/though和ifonly

三、should类虚拟语气

四、情态动词+havedone

五、虚拟语气固定句型

六、虚拟语气解题常用技巧一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用

分清主从句：跟在IF后面的一定是从句

(1)对现在的虚拟

If从句 主句

did/were would/should/could/mightdo

（was绝不会出现）

IfIwereyou,Iwouldtellherthetruth.

Ifyoustoodhere,youwouldseethehill(2)对过去的虚拟

If从句 主句

haddone would/should/could/mighthavedone

Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.

= (3)对将来的虚拟

If从句 主句

did/shoulddo/weretodo would/should/could/mightdo

Ifhedidn’tcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.主过将从过，主过将完从过完woulddo/didwouldhavedone/haddone【例1】 Ifwe______(take)theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting. 主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例1】 Ifwehadtaken

(take)theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting. 主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例2】 Johnwenttothehospitalalone. Ifhe______（tell）meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例2】 Johnwenttothehospitalalone. Ifhe

hadtold（tell）meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.主过将从过，主过将完从过完虚拟语气在If条件句中的特殊用法①错综时间条件句（比如一半过去，一半现在）（会有明显时间标志词）例:Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。【例4】Ifwe______（book）atableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.

主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例4】Ifwe

hadbooked

（book）atableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.

主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例5】 MaybeifI______（study）science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.【例5】 MaybeifIhadstudied（study）science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.②if省略句(1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotlethergo.=WereIyou,Iwouldnotlethergo.(2)Iftheyhadhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.=Hadtheyhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.(3)Iftheyshouldcometomorrow,wewouldfinishit.=Shouldtheycometomorrow,wewouldfinishit.去掉if，从句变一般疑问语序（倒装）。【例6】 _____hecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.

ifhehadcaught主过将从过，主过将完从过完先一眼识别出来，明明是一般疑问句句尾却不是问号。【例6】 Hadhecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.

ifhehadcaught主过将从过，主过将完从过完先一眼识别出来，明明是一般疑问句句尾却不是问号。【例7】 ______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Werehetoleave B.Ifhehadleft

C.Didhetoleave D.Hadheleft主过将从过，主过将完从过完ifheleft/weretoleavetoday【例7】 ______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Werehetoleave B.Ifhehadleft

C.Didhetoleave D.Hadheleft主过将从过，主过将完从过完ifheleft/weretoleavetoday③含蓄条件句句中含有with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse等，虽然没有出现if，但表示的是if的含义。十年来所有考过的含蓄条件句99%都会选择wouldhavedone(1)Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedtheexam.=Ifyoudidn’thelpme,Iwouldn’thavepassedtheexam.=Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavepassedthisexam.(2)Idon’thaveyourtelephonenumber,otherwise/orelseIwouldhavecalledyouback.=IfIhadyournumber,Iwouldhavecalledyouback.(3)Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?=Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?【例8】ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin D.wouldhavewon【例8】ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin D.wouldhavewon④半虚拟 例:Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp(ifIhadtime),butIwastoobusy.

半真半假，but是标志词【例9】 Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe______(be)busy【例10】 We______(study)lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainstead.

主过将从过，主过将完从过完【例9】 Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthewas(be)busy【例10】 Wewouldhavestudied(study)lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainstead.

主过将从过，主过将完从过完二、wish,asif/though和ifonly（要是...就好了）（往前推一个时态）现在（同时）：did/were过去（早于）：haddone将来（晚于）：woulddoIwishIwereabird./IfonlyIwereabird.（同时）IwishIhadseenthefilm./IfonlyIhadseenthefilm.（早于）Iwishyouwoulddothatagain./Ifonlyyouwoulddothatagain.（晚于）Helooksasifhewereanartist.（同时）HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.（早于）HestudiesEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheU.S.A.（晚于）看实际情况，实际情况是真的不用虚拟，不是实际情况用虚拟【例11】 Whenapencilispartedinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____(break)_.【例12】Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit______(happen)yesterday.【例11】 Whenapencilispartedinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit

werebroken(break).【例12】Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit

hadhappened

(happen)yesterday.【例13】LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI______(follow)youradvice.知识扩展：follow/takesb'sadvice【例13】LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowed

(follow)youradvice.知识扩展：follow/takesb'sadvice【例14】 Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadnot B.didnothavehadC.hadn’thad D.hadn’thavehave助动词构成过去完成时haddone实意动词【例14】 Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadnot B.didnothavehadC.hadn’thad D.hadn’thavehave助动词构成过去完成时haddone实意动词三、should类虚拟语气（宾语从句和表语从句主语从句中）1.用should类虚拟语气的动词一坚持：insistthatsbshoulddo二命令：ordermand,三建议：advise,propose,suggestmend建议四要求：demand,require,request,askIdropcaps一头一尾两特殊insistdemandmendorderproposecommandadviseprefersuggest改变形式同样适用换用句式：Itissuggestedthat…主语从句

Mysuggestionisthat…表语从句由Idropcaps引导的不管是宾语从句表语从句还是主语从句一律用should类虚拟语气一头一尾两特殊insist坚持：虚拟语气坚持说：不用虚拟语气看实际情况来区分Iinsistthatyoushouldn’tsmokehere.Heinsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.suggest建议：虚拟语气暗示，表明：不用虚拟语气=indicateIsuggestthatwe(should)gotothepartytogether.Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithmywork.改错：Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby．改错：Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby．should2.Itisadj.that从句(shoulddo)（考的少，了解就行了）重要的：necessary,essential,important,significant,vital,crucial,urgent等可取的：desirable,preferable,proper,natural可能的：possible,probable例：Itisessentialthatweshouldcheckourselveseveryday.用虚拟时暗含这件事情不可能是真的。3特殊句型表示“惊讶”语气，译为“竟然”Itisstrangethatsheshouldfallinlovewithsuchaboy.Itisapitythatyoushouldn’tknowhim.Itissurprisingthatyoushouldn’tpasstheexam.【例15】 Mymomsuggeststhatwe______eatoutforachangethisweekend. 【例16】 Eyedoctorsmendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_____(be)attheageofsixmonthsold. (should)do【例15】 Mymomsuggeststhatweshouldeatoutforachangethisweekend. 【例16】 Eyedoctorsmendthatachild’sfirsteyeexambe(be)attheageofsixmonthsold. (should)do【例17】 Itwasrequestedthattheplay______again.A.shouldputon B.wouldputonC.beputon D.putonshouldbeputon【例18】 Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting_____(be)putofftillnextSunday. 【例17】 Itwasrequestedthattheplay______again.A.shouldputon B.wouldputonC.beputon D.putonshouldbeputon【例18】 Mysuggestionisthatthemeetingbe(be)putofftillnextSunday. 四、情态动词+havedonecould/mighthavedone本来能做却没做should/oughttohavedone本该做而实际上没做(抱怨和责备)Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworkyesterdayshouldnot/oughtnottohavedone本不该做而做了needn’thavedone本不必做而做了【例19】 Ifithadnotbeenforthesnow,wecouldhaveclimbedthemountainyesterday.主过将完从过完

五、虚拟语气固定句型 1. Wouldyoumind+主语+谓语虚拟? sbdidsth 您是否介意…? (不用记，只会出现在听力考试中）◎2. wouldrather(that)主语+谓语虚拟 宁愿…

1)

wouldrather单独使用相当于情态动词，后跟do,wouldratherdo

2)如果出现宾语后面必用虚拟did/haddonewouldrather(that)sbdid现在/将来I

wouldratheryoudidn'tcomehaddone过去I

wouldratheryouhadn'tcome◎3. Itishightimethatsb.didsth.=

Itishightimethat

sbshoulddosth 到某人做某事的时间 4. Itisnecessary/important/essential/strange/natural/ advisablethatsb.(should)dosth.

5. Itisapity/duty/shame/regretthatsb.(should)dosth.6. Butfor/Without+sth.+主语+谓语虚拟要不是…7. Ifonly+主语+谓语虚拟要是…就好了！8.主句+asif/asthough+主语+谓语虚拟就好像…【例20】Wewouldratherourdaughter_____(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.【例20】Wewouldratherourdaughter

stayed

(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.【例21】 Itishightimethatwe_____(hold)ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.

【例21】 Itishightimethatwe

held

(hold)ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.

虚拟语气解题技巧全掌握虚拟语气考点：1.黄金法则：主过将从过，主过将完从过完2.标志词潜规则：but，时间标志词，with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse3.特殊句型潜规则asif/ifonly/wish/I'drather/it'sthehightime/Idropcaps拿到考题的思维顺序3.2.1

特殊句型潜规则（35%）1. wish,asif/though和ifonly• 解题谨记：看时间，第一看时间标志词，第二看具体情况

同时：did • 早于：haddone 晚于：woulddo• IfonlyIwereabird.（同时）• IfonlyIhadseenthefilm(早于）• Ifonlyyouwoulddothatagain.（晚于）•2.should类虚拟语Idropcaps

insist demand/desire require/request orderpropose command advise/ask prefer

suggest3.情态动词+havedonecould/mighthavedone本来能做却没做should/oughttohavedoneshouldnot/oughtnottohavedone本不该做而做了needn’thavedone本不必做而做了4.wouldrather(that)sb.didsth.宁愿某人做了某事•wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事5.Wouldyoumindsb.didsth.?你是否介意…？6.Itishightimethatsb.did/(should)dosth.(作文中可用，替代weshould） 到某人做某事的时间•7.Itis+adj./抽象n.（表性质）+thatsb.shoulddosth.• 形容词： • necessary/important/essential/strange/natural/advisableb• 抽象名词： • apity/duty/shame/regret 标志词潜规则（40%）类型一：but 解题谨记：看见but，半真半假Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp(ifIhadtime),butIwastoobusy.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthewasbusy.类型二：时间标志 解题谨记：看见时间，分类讨论Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.

类型三：横线在句首 解题谨记：补充完整再省略 _____Iyou,Iwouldnotlethergo. ____youhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.IfIwereyouIfyouhadhelpedus

•类型四：with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse•解题谨记：话不明说，过将完•Idon’thaveyourtelephonenumber,otherwise/orIwouldhavecalledyouback. •Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavepassedthisexam.Ididn'tknowthathewasacheat,orelseIwouldn'thavebelievehim(orelse=ifIhadknownhewasacheat)我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。主过将从过，主过将完从过完(25%) 解题需谨记：

1. 分清主句和从句

2. 有特殊的优先按照特殊来做

1.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe______(focus)moreonitsculture.

2.I______(come)soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

3.They______(get)twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.

4.Ifhe______(follow)myadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.

1.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhefocused

(focus)moreonitsculture.

2.Iwouldhavecome

(come)soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

3.They

got(get)twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenable